Multi-point adsorption type scanning head and confocal microscope

Abstract

The utility model provides a multi-point adsorption type scanning head and a confocal microscope, and belongs to the technical field of skin confocal microscope detection. According to the technical scheme, the device comprises a movable cover, a nasal tube and an objective lens, the movable cover is fixedly connected with the nasal tube, the objective lens is located in the nasal tube, a fixing ring is arranged on the outer side of the nasal tube, a plurality of extension rods are evenly arranged on the fixing ring at equal intervals, and elastic mechanisms are arranged at the ends, away from the fixing ring, of the extension rods; a rubber sucker is fixedly arranged at the open end of the mounting cover and communicated with the interior of the mounting cover, a three-way piece is arranged on the elastic mechanism, and an inlet of the three-way piece is communicated with the interior of the mounting cover through a hose. The beneficial effects of the utility model are that: the utility model discloses have little influence on the skin surface to be detected, not only can realize fast location, and can closely fit the skin, adopt the purely mechanical mode, reduce the electric equipment, and the adaptability to the skin is stronger.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of confocal microscopes, in particular to a multi-point adsorption scanning head and a confocal microscope. Background Art

[0002] The principle of 3D scanning imaging in a laser confocal microscope is essentially two-dimensional scanning of the sample surface by a laser focus, combined with tomographic detection perpendicular to the sample. This requires the laser focus to move three-dimensionally relative to the sample within a certain spatial range, essentially scanning the entire sample space to be detected.

[0003] At present, the scanning head used in the field of skin confocal microscopy detection includes a moving hood and a nose tube at the front end. The moving hood drives the patient's skin to move synchronously in the X and Y directions through the nose tube, and the objective lens inside the nose tube does not move, so it can detect and observe the moving skin. During use, the scanning head needs to be fitted with the human skin, but the relative position between the human skin and the scanning head cannot be connected and fixed, and relative movement is easy to occur between the two. During the imaging process, not only can it not be guaranteed that the microscope is accurately aimed at the lesion site, but it can also not ensure that the objective lens always fits the human skin. The existing method of connecting the scanning head to the skin is often to first stick a positioning shell on the patient's skin, and then insert the nose tube at the front end of the scanning head into the positioning shell. As the nose tube moves in the x and y directions, the positioning shell drives the skin to move together. Since the objective lens inside the nose tube does not move, it can detect and observe the moving skin. After the detection, the nose tube is first removed, and then The positioning shell is removed and thrown away. When another part of the patient's skin needs to be tested, a new positioning shell needs to be pasted again, and then the above operation is repeated for testing. Therefore, the operation is cumbersome. If multiple parts of a patient's skin need to be tested, the positioning shell needs to be repeatedly installed. The positioning shell is disposable, which is also easy to cause waste. Application No. CN201810664466.X provides a skin confocal microscope adsorption scanning head and a confocal microscope imaging system. The scanning head uses a micro-vacuum pump to extract the air in the gel cover, so that the movable mirror cover moves forward and completely fits the human skin, and then performs microscopic imaging, which can avoid the rebound phenomenon of the scanning head during use. The confocal microscope imaging system including the above scanning head integrates the dermatoscope camera and the microscope. Although this technical solution does not require the installation of the nasal tube through the positioning shell, it still has the following defects;

[0004] First, because the skin to be tested is located inside the gelatin cover, the air inside the gelatin cover is extracted by a micro vacuum pump, and the inside of the gelatin cover is in a negative pressure state. The skin to be tested inside the gelatin cover will be deformed, bulged, and wrinkled due to the negative pressure. Moreover, the distance and accuracy of microscope detection are at the nanometer level, which may result in the inability to detect or inaccurate microscopic imaging.

[0005] Secondly, this technical solution cannot quickly locate the surface of the skin to be tested. At the same time, the use of an air pump to achieve negative pressure increases the complexity of the confocal microscope circuit system, and the vibration generated by the air pump will have an adverse effect on the precision equipment.

[0006] Finally, the gel cover has poor adaptability. Once a leak occurs somewhere, it will not be able to fit the skin and will not be able to move the skin together. This is especially true for uneven or narrow areas of the skin, such as the side edges of the arms, where the flat area is small and prone to leakage, resulting in a loose connection. In addition, when the detection position is changed, the negative pressure inside the gel cover cannot quickly return to normal, reducing the operational efficiency during replacement.

[0007] Therefore, a multi-point adsorption scanning head and a confocal microscope are urgently needed to solve the above technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems in the background technology and provide a multi-point adsorption scanning head and a confocal microscope. The present invention has little impact on the skin surface to be detected, can not only achieve rapid positioning, but also can fit closely with the skin, adopts a purely mechanical method, reduces the use of electrical equipment, and has stronger adaptability to the skin.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the utility model, the utility model adopts a technical solution specifically as follows: a multi-point adsorption scanning head, including a movable cover, a nose tube and an objective lens, the movable cover is fixedly connected to the nose tube, the objective lens is located inside the nose tube, a fixed ring is provided on the outside of the nose tube, a plurality of extension rods are evenly and equidistantly provided on the fixed ring, an elastic mechanism is provided at one end of the extension rod away from the fixed ring, a mounting cover is provided at one end of the elastic mechanism away from the extension rod, a gelatinous suction cup is fixedly provided at the open end of the mounting cover, the gelatinous suction cup is communicated with the interior of the mounting cover, a tee is provided on the elastic mechanism, the inlet of the tee is communicated with the interior of the mounting cover through a hose, a one-way air outlet valve is provided in the first outlet of the tee, and a one-way air outlet valve is provided in the second outlet of the tee. A solenoid valve is set. After the scanning head is close to the patient's skin, the gelatin suction cup fits against the patient's skin. After the gelatin suction cup is squeezed, the internal gas passes through the mounting cover and the hose and enters the three-way fitting, and is finally discharged through the one-way air outlet valve. At this time, negative pressure is formed in the gelatin suction cup and it fits tightly against the skin, thereby realizing the connection between the gelatin suction cup and the patient's skin. After the detection is completed, the solenoid valve is opened, and the gelatin suction cup is connected to the outside. The air pressure inside and outside is the same, and the gelatin suction cup no longer has an adsorption effect on the skin, so the scanning head can leave directly; therefore, when testing multiple parts of the same patient, the operation is convenient and quick. It can be connected by directly pressing against the skin during testing. When removing, it can be removed by opening the solenoid valve, which is convenient for testing other parts.

[0010] Furthermore, multiple laser lamps are evenly arranged on the fixed ring. When the multiple laser lamps are turned on, the light emitted by them forms an aperture. When working, the aperture falls on the skin to achieve early positioning of the detection point, facilitate the accurate connection between the microscope scanning head and the skin, and improve the detection efficiency.

[0011] Furthermore, at least four of the extension rods and laser lights are provided, and are arranged alternately.

[0012] Furthermore, the elastic mechanism includes a shell connected to the extension rod, a cavity is provided inside the shell, the side wall of the cavity is connected to one end of the spring, the other end of the spring is connected to a movable slide, the movable slide is connected to a sliding rod on the side away from the spring, the other end of the sliding rod slides through the side wall of the cavity and is fixedly connected to the mounting cover, when the detection head detects the patient's skin, the gel suction cup fits the skin, and after being compressed, the mounting cover pushes the sliding rod to move backward, and the sliding rod pushes the movable slide to move backward in the cavity, and the movable slide compresses the spring. The reverse action force of the spring can strengthen the close fit and connection between the gel suction cup and the skin.

[0013] Furthermore, a limiting member is provided on the shell, and the limiting member is located between the mounting cover and the tee member. A through hole is provided on the limiting member, and the hose slides through the through hole. The setting of the limiting member is used to limit and fix the hose.

[0014] Furthermore, the fixing ring is detachably connected to the movable cover by bolts, so that the skin connection mechanism can be removed for easy maintenance or replacement. The two ends of the extension rod are respectively welded to the fixing ring and the mounting cover to increase the connection strength.

[0015] The utility model also provides a confocal microscope, comprising a substrate, a laser, a collimating objective lens, a PBS prism, a resonant mirror and a galvanometer combination, a scanning mirror, a tube lens, a focusing mirror, a pinhole, an avalanche diode and a quarter wave plate, wherein the laser, the collimating objective lens, the PBS prism, the resonant mirror and the galvanometer combination, the scanning mirror, the tube lens, the focusing mirror, the pinhole, the avalanche diode and the quarter wave plate are respectively mounted on the substrate through mounting bases.

[0016] Furthermore, the P light returning through the original path of the PBS prism is perpendicular to the light passing through the center of the focusing lens, and also includes a reflector. The P light returning through the original path of the PBS prism is reflected by the reflector, changes the original path and enters the focusing lens. The P light returning through the original path of the PBS prism is reflected by the reflector and passes through the focusing lens, the small hole and the avalanche diode in sequence. In this way, the path of the returned P light is an L-shaped structure, which requires the PBS prism, focusing lens, small hole and avalanche diode to be arranged in an L-shape. The installation layout is more reasonable and compact. Compared with the linear arrangement in the comparative document, the design area of ​​the substrate is greatly reduced, which is conducive to the overall reduction of the design volume of the scanning head.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] This adsorption-type scanning head adopts a multi-point connection method to connect and fix the skin to be tested. The surface of the skin to be tested is not affected by external forces, so there will be no deformation, wrinkles, bulging, etc., which can effectively ensure the detection accuracy and imaging effect of skin confocal microscope scanning imaging.

[0019] This adsorption-type scanning head is equipped with multiple laser lights to form an aperture on the surface of the skin to be tested for rapid positioning. At the same time, by arranging an elastic mechanism and a hose, a tee, a one-way air outlet valve and a solenoid valve, the skin connection mechanism can be easy to operate and has a good connection effect. It can effectively drive the movement of the skin and ensure the detection accuracy of the detection area. When it is necessary to test multiple parts of the same patient, it can be connected by directly pressing against the skin surface during testing, and can be removed by opening the solenoid valve when removing it, thereby facilitating the replacement of the detection position. The operation is simple when replacing the detection position, saving operation time.

[0020] Compared with the comparative documents, this adsorption-type scanning head does not require the use of electrical equipment, which is beneficial to reducing the failure rate. Since the skin connection mechanism adopts a purely mechanical structure and does not adopt the exhaust system in the comparative documents, it is strong and durable and will not produce vibration, which has no effect on the precision parts of the scanning head. In addition, the adsorption-type scanning head has good adaptability. When connecting to some parts with smaller flat areas, due to the existence of the elastic mechanism, the extended length of the gel suction cup will be different, so it can adapt to parts with different flat areas, thereby ensuring the connection reliability of the skin connection mechanism, and there will be no situation like the gel cover in the comparative documents. When the detection area is smaller than the gel cover, air will leak from one side, resulting in reduced connection strength, and even failure to adsorb and adhere to the skin surface.

[0021] When the confocal microscope is working, the P light returning from the original path through the PBS prism is refracted by the reflecting mirror and passes through the focusing lens, the pinhole and the avalanche diode in sequence. The returning P light path is an L-shaped route, which requires the PBS prism, the focusing lens, the pinhole and the avalanche diode to be arranged in an L-shape. This L-shaped layout is more reasonable and compact to install. Compared with the linear arrangement inside the traditional scanning head, the utility model can greatly reduce the design area of ​​the substrate, thereby helping to reduce the overall volume of the scanning head. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the front end of the utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a partial side view schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a partial structural diagram of the utility model.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main view of the fixing ring in the present utility model.

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of a confocal microscope.

[0028] Among them, the figure markings are: 1. movable cover; 2. nose tube; 3. fixing ring; 4. extension rod; 5. elastic mechanism; 6. mounting cover; 7. glue suction cup; 8. three-way piece; 9. hose; 10. one-way air outlet valve; 11. solenoid valve; 12. laser lamp; 13. shell; 14. spring; 15. movable slide; 16. slide rod; 17. limiter; 18. base; 19. laser; 20. collimating objective lens; 21. PBS prism; 22. resonant mirror and galvanometer combination; 23. scanning mirror; 24. tube mirror; 25. 1 / 4 wave plate; 26. reflector; 27. focusing mirror; 28. pinhole; 29. ​​avalanche diode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Of course, the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0030] Examples, such as Figures 1-4As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-point adsorption type scanning head, a multi-point adsorption type scanning head, comprising a movable cover 1, a nose tube 2 and an objective lens, characterized in that the movable cover 1 is fixedly connected to the nose tube 2, the objective lens is located inside the nose tube 2, a fixing ring 3 is provided on the outside of the nose tube 2, a plurality of extension rods 4 are evenly and equidistantly provided on the fixing ring 3, an elastic mechanism 5 is provided at one end of the extension rod 4 away from the fixing ring 3, a mounting cover 6 is provided at one end of the elastic mechanism 5 away from the extension rod 4, a colloid suction cup 7 is fixedly provided at the open end of the mounting cover 6, and the colloid suction cup 7 is connected to the mounting cover 6. The interior of the cover 6 is connected, a three-way piece 8 is set on the elastic mechanism 5, the inlet of the three-way piece 8 is connected to the interior of the mounting cover 6 through a hose 9, a one-way air outlet valve 10 is set in the first outlet of the three-way piece 8, and a solenoid valve 11 is set in the second outlet of the three-way piece 8. After the scanning head is close to the patient's skin, the gelatin suction cup 7 is attached to the patient's skin. After the gelatin suction cup 7 is squeezed, the internal gas passes through the mounting cover 6 and the hose 9 and enters the three-way piece 8, and is finally discharged through the one-way air outlet valve 10. At this time, negative pressure is formed in the gelatin suction cup 7 and contacts the skin. The colloid suction cup 7 is tightly fitted to achieve the connection between the colloid suction cup 7 and the patient's skin. After the detection is completed, the solenoid valve 11 is opened, the colloid suction cup 7 is connected to the outside, the air pressure inside and outside is the same, and the colloid suction cup 7 no longer has an adsorption effect on the skin, so the scanning head can be directly removed; since it can be connected by directly pressing against the skin during detection, it can be removed by opening the solenoid valve 11 when removing it. It is easy to operate and when multiple parts of the same patient need to be detected, the detection position is changed more efficiently and the operation is faster; four or six laser lamps 12 are evenly arranged on the fixed ring 3, which can be arranged alternately with the extension rod. When all the laser lamps 12 are turned on, the light emitted by them forms an aperture. When working, the aperture falls on the skin to quickly locate the detection part, which is convenient for accurate connection between the microscope scanning head and the skin and improves the detection efficiency. The fixed ring 3 is detachably connected to the movable cover 1 by bolts, so that the skin connection mechanism can be removed for easy maintenance or replacement. The two ends of the extension rod 4 are welded to the fixed ring 3 and the mounting cover 6 respectively to increase the connection strength.

[0031] The elastic mechanism 5 includes a shell 13 connected to the extension rod 4, and a cavity is provided inside the shell 13. The side wall of the cavity is connected to one end of the spring 14, and the other end of the spring 14 is connected to a movable slide 15. The movable slide 15 is connected to a slide rod 16 away from the side of the spring 14. The other end of the slide rod 16 slides through the side wall of the cavity and is fixedly connected to the mounting cover 6. When the detection head detects the patient's skin, the gel suction cup 7 fits the skin. After being compressed, the mounting cover 6 pushes the slide rod 16 to move backward, and the slide rod 16 pushes the movable slide 15 to move backward in the cavity. The movable slide 15 compresses the spring 14. The reverse force of the spring 14 can strengthen the close fit and connection between the gel suction cup 7 and the skin. A limiting member 17 is provided on the shell 13. The limiting member 17 is located between the mounting cover 6 and the tee member 8. A through hole is provided on the limiting member 17. The hose 9 slides through the through hole. The setting of the limiting member 17 is used to limit and fix the hose 9.

[0032] During use, the scanning head of the skin confocal microscope is brought close to the patient's skin, and the laser lamp 12 is turned on. The light emitted by the laser lamp 12 forms an aperture on the patient's skin. The scanning head is adjusted according to actual needs to change the aperture position for skin surface detection and positioning. After positioning, the scanning head is brought close to the patient's skin so that the gelatin suction cup 7 is pressed tightly against the patient's skin surface, and the connection is completed. At this time, the air inside the gelatin suction cup 7 is discharged through the one-way air outlet valve 10, and a negative pressure is formed inside the gelatin suction cup 7 to connect the gelatin suction cup 7 to the skin surface, and the spring 14 in the elastic mechanism 5 is in a compressed state, and its reaction force can strengthen the connection between the gelatin suction cup 7 and the skin surface; after the skin confocal microscope is finished working, the solenoid valve 11 is turned on, and the pressure returns to normal after air enters the inside of the gelatin suction cup 7, and the scanning head can leave directly.

[0033] like Figure 5 As shown, the utility model also provides a confocal microscope, including a substrate 18, a laser 19, a collimating objective lens 20, a PBS prism 21, a resonant mirror and a galvanometer combination 22, a scanning mirror 23, a tube lens 24, an objective lens, a reflector 26, a focusing mirror 27, a pinhole 28, an avalanche diode 29 and a 1 / 4 wave plate 25, the laser 19, the collimating objective lens 20, the PBS prism 21, the resonant mirror and a galvanometer combination 22, the scanning mirror 23, the tube lens 24, the objective lens, the reflector 26, the focusing mirror 27, the pinhole 28, the avalanche diode 29 and the 1 / 4 wave plate 25 are all mounted on the substrate through a mounting base. On the bottom 18, the P light returning from the original path through the PBS prism 21 is perpendicular to the light passing through the center of the focusing mirror 27. The P light returning from the original path through the PBS prism 21 is reflected by the reflector 26 and passes through the focusing mirror 27, the small hole 28 and the avalanche diode 29 in sequence. The returned P light is an L-shaped structure, so that the PBS prism 21, the focusing mirror 27, the small hole 28 and the avalanche diode 29 are arranged in an L shape, and the installation layout is more reasonable and compact. Compared with the linear arrangement in the comparative document, the design area of ​​the substrate is greatly reduced, which is conducive to reducing the overall design volume of the scanning head.

[0034] Working process: The laser 36 emits a laser with a wavelength of 830nm. After being collimated by the collimating objective lens 37, the S light is reflected by the PBS prism 21 and irradiated on the resonant mirror and galvanometer combination 22. Then, the light passes through the combination of the scanning mirror 23 and the tube lens 24 to form collimated light. The light passes through the 1 / 4 wave plate 25 to form circularly polarized light and is incident on the objective lens. After being focused by the objective lens, it forms reflected light on the skin tissue. The reflected light passes through the 1 / 4 wave plate 25 to form P light and returns along the original path. After passing through the avalanche diode 29, the P light is transmitted to the reflector 26, and then passes through the focusing mirror 27. The focused light passes through the small hole 28 and irradiates the APD.

[0035] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-point adsorption scanning head, comprising a movable cover (1), a nose tube (2) and an objective lens, characterized in that: The movable cover (1) is fixedly connected to the nose tube (2); the objective lens is located inside the nose tube (2); a fixing ring (3) is arranged outside the nose tube (2); a plurality of extension rods (4) are evenly and equidistantly arranged on the fixing ring (3); an elastic mechanism (5) is arranged at one end of the extension rod (4) away from the fixing ring (3); a mounting cover (6) is arranged at one end of the elastic mechanism (5) away from the extension rod (4); a glue sucker (7) is fixedly arranged at the open end of the mounting cover (6); the glue sucker (7) is communicated with the interior of the mounting cover (6); a three-way piece (8) is arranged on the elastic mechanism (5); an inlet of the three-way piece (8) is communicated with the interior of the mounting cover (6) through a hose (9); a one-way air outlet valve (10) is arranged in a first outlet of the three-way piece (8); and a solenoid valve (11) is arranged in a second outlet of the three-way piece (8).

2. The multi-point adsorption scanning head according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of laser lamps (12) are evenly arranged on the fixing ring (3).

3. The multi-point adsorption scanning head according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least four of the extension rods (4) and laser lamps (12) are provided, respectively, and are arranged alternately.

4. The multi-point adsorption scanning head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic mechanism (5) includes a shell (13) connected to the extension rod (4), a cavity is provided inside the shell (13), a side wall of the cavity is connected to one end of a spring (14), the other end of the spring (14) is connected to a movable slide (15), the side of the movable slide (15) away from the spring (14) is connected to a slide rod (16), the other end of the slide rod (16) slides through the side wall of the cavity and is fixedly connected to the mounting cover (6).

5. The multi-point adsorption scanning head according to claim 4, characterized in that: A limiting member (17) is provided on the housing (13), and the limiting member (17) is located between the mounting cover (6) and the three-way member (8). A through hole is provided on the limiting member (17), and the hose (9) slides through the through hole.

6. The multi-point adsorption scanning head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing ring (3) is detachably connected to the movable cover (1) via bolts, and both ends of the extension rod (4) are welded to the fixing ring (3) and the mounting cover (6) respectively.

7. A confocal microscope comprising a multi-point adsorption scanning head according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a substrate (18), a laser (19), a collimating objective lens (20), a PBS prism (21), a resonant mirror and galvanometer combination (22), a scanning mirror (23), a tube lens (24), a focusing mirror (27), a pinhole (28), an avalanche diode (29) and a quarter wave plate (25); the laser (19), the collimating objective lens (20), the PBS prism (21), the resonant mirror and galvanometer combination (22), the scanning mirror (23), the tube lens (24), the focusing mirror (27), the pinhole (28), the avalanche diode (29) and the quarter wave plate (25) are respectively mounted on the substrate (18) through a mounting base.

8. A confocal microscope according to claim 7, characterized in that: The P light returning along the original path through the PBS prism (21) is perpendicular to the light passing through the center of the focusing lens (27), and further includes a reflector (26). The P light returning along the original path through the PBS prism (21) is reflected by the reflector (26), changes its original path, and enters the focusing lens (27).

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