Dimming film, dimming glass and vehicle
By designing the thickness gradient of the barrier layer and functional layer in the dimming glass, combined with the color change of the color change of the color of the color change, the problem of poor transition of the transparency area in the dimming glass is solved, and the aesthetics and structural stability are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421709434.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-18
AI Technical Summary
The existing dimming glass has poor transitions between different transparency areas, which affects aesthetics, and has a complex structure and short service life, making the parts prone to failure.
The design of the barrier layer and the functional layer is adopted so that the thickness of the barrier layer gradually increases in the first direction of the dimming glass. Combined with the change of the color change layer, the gradual effect of light transmittance is achieved, and the state of the active layer is controlled through the electrode layer to adjust the light transmittance.
The smooth transition of the transparency area in the dimmed glass is achieved, which improves aesthetics and enhances the stability and service life of the structure.
Smart Images
Figure CN223284477U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of glass, in particular to a dimming film, dimming glass and a vehicle. Background Art
[0002] Existing dimming glass with heat insulation and anti-peeping functions is made of a composite of multiple glass panels. The insulating material between the glass panels can provide good heat insulation and anti-peeping functions, which helps to reduce the transmission of external heat and light into the car. The PDLC (polymer dispersed liquid crystal) sandwiched in the dimming glass has the function of adjustable transparency, which can realize the functions of sun protection, anti-peeping and free light regulation of the dimming glass. However, in the existing dimming glass, the transition between areas of different transparency is not good, making the dividing line obvious and affecting the aesthetics. In addition, the assembly of areas of different transparency on the dimming glass is complicated, the service life is short, and the components are prone to failure, affecting the use effect. Utility Model Content
[0003] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention include: providing a dimming film, dimming glass and a vehicle, which improve the aesthetics and strengthen the glass structure.
[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:
[0005] A dimming film comprising a barrier layer, a color-changing layer and a functional layer;
[0006] The barrier layer, the functional layer and the color-changing layer are stacked in sequence;
[0007] In the first direction of the dimming film, the thickness of the barrier layer gradually increases.
[0008] Furthermore, in the first direction of the dimming film, the thickness of the functional layer gradually increases.
[0009] Furthermore, the functional layer includes a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, an active layer, a first carrier layer and a second carrier layer;
[0010] The first carrier layer, the first electrode layer, the active layer, the second electrode layer, and the second carrier layer are stacked in sequence. Furthermore, the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are included; the outer glass plate, the first adhesive layer, the functional layer, the second adhesive layer, and the inner glass plate are stacked in sequence.
[0011] Furthermore, the barrier layer is at least one of a heat insulation layer, an anti-ultraviolet layer and a sound insulation layer.
[0012] Furthermore, in the first direction of the dimming film, the thickness of the first adhesive layer and / or the second adhesive layer gradually decreases.
[0013] Furthermore, in the first direction of the dimming film, the thickness of the functional layer is constant or the thickness of the functional layer gradually increases.
[0014] In order to solve the above technical problems, the second technical solution adopted by the present invention includes:
[0015] A dimming glass comprises an outer glass plate, a dimming film and an inner glass plate.
[0016] Furthermore, the barrier layer of the dimming film, the outer glass plate, the functional layer of the dimming film, the inner glass plate and the color-changing layer of the dimming film are stacked in sequence;
[0017] Alternatively, the outer glass plate, the barrier layer of the dimming film, the functional layer of the dimming film, the inner glass plate and the color-changing layer of the dimming film are stacked in sequence;
[0018] Alternatively, the barrier layer, the outer glass plate, the functional layer, the color-changing layer and the inner glass plate are stacked in sequence;
[0019] Alternatively, the outer glass plate, the barrier layer, the functional layer, the color-changing layer and the inner glass plate are stacked in sequence.
[0020] Furthermore, the thickness of the color-changing layer is smaller than the thickness of the inner glass plate.
[0021] In order to solve the above technical problems, the third technical solution adopted by the present invention includes:
[0022] A vehicle comprises the dimming glass in the above technical solution.
[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention include at least: the UV transmittance of the switchable glass changes due to the gradual increase in thickness of the barrier layer along the first direction. Furthermore, due to the combined effect of the barrier layer and the functional layer, the color-changing layer exhibits different colors along the first direction, achieving a change in the transmittance of the switchable glass from dark to bright. Furthermore, the gradual change in thickness of the barrier layer creates a smooth transition between areas of different transmittance within the switchable glass, without distinct demarcation lines. This improves the aesthetics of the switchable glass and further enhances its multifunctionality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 The structure of the dimming glass in this utility model is shown as follows Figure 1 ;
[0025] Figure 2 The A'-A surface of the dimming glass in the first embodiment of the present invention (ie Figure 1A sectional view taken along the A'-A plane of FIG;
[0026] Figure 3 The A'-A surface of the dimming glass in the second embodiment of the present invention (ie Figure 1 A sectional view taken along the A'-A plane of FIG;
[0027] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the active layer in the utility model;
[0028] Figure 5 The structure of the dimming glass in this utility model is shown as follows Figure 2 ;
[0029] Figure 6 The A'-A surface (ie Figure 1 A sectional view of the A'-A plane).
[0030] Description of labels:
[0031] 1. Outer glass plate;
[0032] 2. Inner glass plate;
[0033] 3. Barrier layer;
[0034] 4. Color-changing layer;
[0035] 5. Functional layer; 51. First electrode layer; 52. Second electrode layer; 53. Active layer; 531. Substrate; 532. Active particles; 54. First carrier layer; 55. Second carrier layer;
[0036] 6. First adhesive layer; 7. Second adhesive layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0037] In order to explain the technical content, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is given in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
[0038] Please refer to Figures 1-6 A dimming glass comprises an outer glass plate 1 and an inner glass plate 2, and further comprises a barrier layer 3, a color-changing layer 4, and a functional layer 5; the barrier layer 3, the outer glass plate 1, the functional layer 5, the inner glass plate 2, and the color-changing layer 4 are stacked in sequence, or the outer glass plate 1, the barrier layer 3, the functional layer 5, the inner glass plate 2, and the color-changing layer 4 are stacked in sequence; in a first direction of the dimming film, the thickness of the barrier layer 3 gradually increases. Specifically, the dimming film changes its transmittance by the superposition of the barrier layer 3 and the functional layer 5, thereby affecting the color-changing layer 4, so that the dimming film produces a gradient effect. Preferably, the color-changing layer 4 is a thermochromic material, an electrochromic material, a mechanochromic material, a photochromic material, or any combination thereof, and the barrier layer 3 is an anti-UV coating.
[0039] As can be understood, the gradual increase in thickness of the barrier layer 3 along the first direction of the switchable film causes changes in UV transmittance. Furthermore, the combined effect of the barrier layer 3 and the functional layer 5 causes the color-changing layer 4 to exhibit different colors along the first direction, achieving a change in the transmittance of the switchable glass from dark to bright. Furthermore, the gradual change in thickness of the barrier layer 3 creates a smooth transition between areas of varying transmittance within the switchable glass, eliminating distinct demarcations. This enhances the aesthetics of the switchable glass and further enhances its functionality.
[0040] In some embodiments, the functional layer 5 includes a first electrode layer 51, a second electrode layer 52, and an active layer 53. The outer glass plate 1, the first electrode layer 51, the active layer, the second electrode layer 52, and the inner glass plate 2 are stacked in this order. The thickness of the active layer 53 gradually increases along the first direction of the dimming film. The active layer 53 includes a substrate 531 and active particles 532. The active particles 532 are evenly distributed on the substrate 531. Specifically, the concentration of active particles 532 remains consistent within each region of the substrate 531. As the thickness of the substrate 531 increases in the first direction, the number of active particles 532 in each region also increases. In the off state, due to the disordered orientation of the active particles 532, regions with a greater number of active particles 532 have lower light transmittance. In the on state, the active particles 532 are orderly oriented, ensuring consistent light transmittance across all regions. In this state, the color-changing layer 4 is only affected by the transmittance of the barrier layer 3. The active layer 53 is combined with the voltage control of the first electrode layer 51 and the second electrode layer 52, so that the active layer 53 and the barrier layer 3 are superimposed on each other to affect the color-changing layer 4, so that the dimming film presents different brightness in each area in the first direction, even if the dimming film produces a gradual effect of transmittance, thereby enhancing the sense of technology. The first electrode layer 51 and the second electrode layer 52 are provided to change the state of the active substance in the active layer 53 to control the transmittance of different areas of the dimming film, thereby affecting the degree of color change of the color-changing layer 4. Optionally, the first electrode layer 51 and the second electrode layer 52 can be a transparent metal oxide film formed by at least one of ITO (indium tin oxide), TiO2 (titanium dioxide) and ZnO (zinc oxide); the material of the active layer 53 can be SPD (suspended particles), PDLC (polymer dispersed liquid crystal) or PNLC (polymer network liquid crystal). In some embodiments, the functional layer 5 further includes a first carrier layer 54 and a second carrier layer 55; the first carrier layer 54 is sandwiched between the outer glass plate 1 and the first electrode layer 51; the second carrier layer 55 is sandwiched between the second electrode layer 52 and the inner glass plate 2. The two carrier layers are provided to ensure a tight bond between the outer glass plate 1 and the first electrode layer 51, and between the second electrode layer 52 and the inner glass plate 2, thereby improving the structural stability of the dimming film. Optionally, the first carrier layer 54 and the second carrier layer 55 can be made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), SGP (an ionic polymer of ethylene and methacrylate), PVB (polyvinyl butyral), or EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer).
[0041] In some embodiments, the outer glass plate 1, the first adhesive layer 6, the functional layer 5, the second adhesive layer 7, and the inner glass plate 2 are stacked in this order. Optionally, the first adhesive layer 6 and the second adhesive layer 7 can be made of a polyolefin film such as PVB (polyvinyl butyral), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), or acrylic resin film.
[0042] In some embodiments, the first adhesive layer 6 and the second adhesive layer 7 are symmetrically arranged to ensure that the structures on both sides of the functional layer 5 in the thickness direction are basically symmetrical, thereby improving structural stability.
[0043] In some embodiments, the barrier layer 3 is a heat-insulating layer, an anti-UV layer, or a sound-insulating layer. Optionally, the heat-insulating layer is a conductive material such as a silver-plated film or a low-emissivity film (i.e., a Low-E film). The low-emissivity film can be made of thin films composed of multiple metals or metal compounds. The anti-UV layer is at least one of PVB film, SGP film, EVA film, and PET film. When two or more film layers are selected as the anti-UV layer, the different film layers are sequentially stacked to form the anti-UV layer. The sound-insulating layer is a thermoplastic resin film such as PVB film, PVC film, saturated polyester resin film, polyurethane resin film, EVA film, or COP (cyclic olefin polymer) film. The sound-insulating layer can be formed by sequentially stacking two or more of the aforementioned thermoplastic resin films. In some embodiments, the thickness of the first adhesive layer 6 and / or the second adhesive layer 7 gradually decreases in the first direction of the dimming film.
[0044] In some embodiments, in the first direction of the dimming film, the thickness of the functional layer 5 is roughly equal at all locations or the thickness of the functional layer 5 gradually increases to achieve a gradual light effect, solving the defect of obvious dividing lines between areas with different transmittances in the prior art.
[0045] In some embodiments, the thickness of the color-changing layer 4 is less than the thickness of the inner glass plate 2 .
[0046] In some embodiments, in the first direction of the dimming film, the thickness of the functional layer 5 is substantially the same at all locations, and the light-emitting layer is affected only by the thickness change of the barrier layer 3 , thereby also achieving a gradual change in transmittance.
[0047] It is worth noting that in the present invention, the first direction refers to the length direction of the dimming film. In other equivalent embodiments, it may also refer to the width direction of the dimming film or the direction indicated by any straight line.
[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the first embodiment of the present utility model is:
[0049] A switchable glass comprises an outer glass plate 1 and an inner glass plate 2, as well as a barrier layer 3, a color-changing layer 4, and a functional layer 5. The barrier layer 3, outer glass plate 1, functional layer 5, inner glass plate 2, and color-changing layer 4 are stacked in sequence. The thickness of the barrier layer 3 gradually increases in a first direction of the switchable film. Specifically, the switchable film changes its transmittance through the combined action of the barrier layer 3 and the functional layer 5, thereby affecting the color-changing layer 4, resulting in a gradient effect on the switchable film. Preferably, the color-changing layer 4 is a photochromic material, and the barrier layer 3 is an anti-UV layer. In other equivalent embodiments, the color-changing layer 4 may also be sandwiched between the inner glass plate 2 and the functional layer 5.
[0050] In this embodiment, a first adhesive layer 6 and a second adhesive layer 7 are further included; the outer glass plate 1, the first adhesive layer 6, the functional layer 5, the second adhesive layer 7, and the inner glass plate 2 are stacked in this order; the first adhesive layer 6 and the second adhesive layer 7 are symmetrically arranged. Furthermore, in the first direction of the dimming film, the thickness of the first adhesive layer 6 and the second adhesive layer 7 gradually decreases. Preferably, the first adhesive layer 6 and the second adhesive layer 7 are made of PVB.
[0051] In this embodiment, the thickness of the functional layer 5 gradually increases in the first direction of the dimming film.
[0052] In this embodiment, the functional layer 5 includes a first electrode layer 51, a second electrode layer 52, an active layer 53, a first carrier layer 54, and a second carrier layer 55. The outer glass plate 1, the first electrode layer 51, the active layer, the second electrode layer 52, and the inner glass plate 2 are stacked in this order. In the first direction of the dimming film, the thickness of the active layer 53 gradually increases, while the thicknesses of the first and second electrode layers 51, 52 remain essentially constant. The active layer 53 includes a substrate 531 and active particles 532; the active particles 532 are evenly distributed on the substrate 531. The first carrier layer 54 is sandwiched between the outer glass plate 1 and the first electrode layer 51; the second carrier layer 55 is sandwiched between the second electrode layer 52 and the inner glass plate 2. Preferably, the first and second electrode layers 51, 52 are ITO films; the active layer is PDLC, and the first and second carrier layers 54, 55 are made of PET.
[0053] The working principle of this embodiment is:
[0054] The first electrode layer 51 and the second electrode layer 52 change the power state of the active layer 53, so that the light transmittance of the active layer 53 changes, and the brightness of the dimming film gradually decreases in the first direction of the dimming film, as follows:
[0055] In the power-off state, the region with a greater number of active particles 532 has a lower light transmittance. At this time, the brightness of the color-changing layer 4 is affected by the combined effects of the active layer 53 and the barrier layer 3 .
[0056] In the energized state, the number of active particles 532 in each region is roughly equal, so the light transmittance of each region remains basically consistent, and at this time the color-changing layer 4 is mainly affected by the light transmittance of the barrier layer 3.
[0057] The brightness of the switchable glass in the power-off state is lower than that in the power-on state. In the power-on state, the brightness of the smallest thickness area of the switchable glass is higher than that of the thickest area of the barrier layer 3 of the switchable glass. In the power-off state, the brightness of the smallest thickness area of the switchable glass is also higher than that of the thickest area of the barrier layer 3 of the switchable glass. The brightness variation pattern of the switchable glass is shown in Table 1 below.
[0058] Table 1
[0059] Light transmittance Functional layer (power-on state) Functional layer (power-off state) Barrier layer (area with minimum thickness) Brightest or brighter Medium or dark Barrier layer (area with the greatest thickness) Medium or bright Darkest or darker
[0060] The “brightest”, “brighter”, “darkest”, “darker” and “medium” mentioned above are only used to indicate the brightness change rule of the switchable glass.
[0061] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the second embodiment of the present utility model is:
[0062] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that in the first embodiment, the thicknesses of the functional layer 5 , the first adhesive layer 6 , and the second adhesive layer 7 are different or gradually changed in the first direction of the dimming film.
[0063] In this embodiment, in the first direction of the dimming film, the thickness of the first adhesive layer 6 and the second adhesive layer 7 remains substantially unchanged, while the thickness of the barrier layer 3 gradually increases or decreases along the first direction.
[0064] In this embodiment, the thickness of the color-changing layer 4 and the functional layer 5 remains substantially constant along the first direction of the dimming film. Specifically, the thickness of the first electrode layer 51, the second electrode layer 52, the active layer 53, the first carrier layer 54, and the second carrier layer 55 in the functional layer 5 remain substantially constant along the first direction. In this embodiment, the light gradient effect of the luminescent layer is primarily dependent on the barrier layer 3.
[0065] Please refer to Figure 6 , the third embodiment of the present utility model is:
[0066] The difference between this embodiment and the first or second embodiment is that the barrier layer 3 is disposed at a different position.
[0067] In this embodiment, the outer glass sheet 1, barrier layer 3, functional layer 5, inner glass sheet 2, and color-changing layer 4 are stacked in sequence. Optionally, in this embodiment, the first carrier layer 54 and the second carrier layer 55 can also be distributed asymmetrically, so that the outer glass sheet 1 and the inner glass sheet 2 remain parallel. In other equivalent embodiments, the color-changing layer 4 can also be sandwiched between the inner glass sheet 2 and the functional layer 5.
[0068] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformations made using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in the relevant technical field, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A dimming film, characterized in that: Including barrier layer, color-changing layer and functional layer; The barrier layer, the functional layer and the color-changing layer are stacked in sequence; In the first direction of the dimming film, the thickness of the barrier layer gradually increases; The barrier layer is at least one of a heat insulation layer, an anti-ultraviolet layer or a sound insulation layer; The functional layer includes a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, an active layer, a first carrier layer and a second carrier layer; The color-changing layer is at least one of a thermochromic material, an electrochromic material, a mechanochromic material or a photochromic material.
2. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the first direction of the dimming film, the thickness of the functional layer gradually increases.
3. The dimming film according to claim 1, wherein: The first carrier layer, the first electrode layer, the active layer, the second electrode layer and the second carrier layer are stacked in sequence.
4. The dimming film according to claim 1, wherein: Also comprising a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer; The first adhesive layer, the functional layer and the second adhesive layer are stacked in sequence.
5. The dimming film according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the first direction of the dimming film, the thickness of the first adhesive layer and / or the second adhesive layer gradually decreases.
6. The dimming film according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the first direction of the dimming film, the thickness of the functional layer is equal at all locations or the thickness of the functional layer gradually increases.
7. A dimming glass, characterized in that: The invention comprises an outer glass plate, an inner glass plate and the dimming film according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The switchable glass according to claim 7, characterized in that: The barrier layer, the outer glass plate, the functional layer, the inner glass plate and the color-changing layer are stacked in sequence; Alternatively, the outer glass plate, the barrier layer, the functional layer, the inner glass plate and the color-changing layer are stacked in sequence; Alternatively, the barrier layer, the outer glass plate, the functional layer, the color-changing layer and the inner glass plate are stacked in sequence; Alternatively, the outer glass plate, the barrier layer, the functional layer, the color-changing layer and the inner glass plate are stacked in sequence.
9. A vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises the switchable glass as claimed in any one of claims 7 and 8.