Fireproof battery cover plate and battery

Abstract

The fireproof battery cover plate comprises a cover plate body and further comprises a first plate body which is arranged at the bottom of the cover plate body, a first closed cavity is defined by the first plate body and the cover plate body, the first plate body is melted when encountering fire, and fire extinguishing materials are arranged in the first closed cavity. And the first plate body is provided with first abdicating openings corresponding to the electrode, the liquid injection opening and the anti-explosion valve of the cover plate body so as to expose the first plate body. According to the utility model, the first plate body is arranged to form the first closed cavity, and then the fire extinguishing material is filled in the first closed cavity, so that when open fire is generated in the battery under extreme conditions such as thermal runaway, the first plate body is melted and broken, and the fire extinguishing material flows out and is decomposed in a flame or high-temperature state to generate fire extinguishing gas so as to completely block the thermal runaway; and the safety performance of the battery cell is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery cover plates, in particular to a fireproof battery cover plate and a battery. Background Art

[0002] Secondary batteries (lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries) are widely used in various fields due to their excellent charge and discharge performance, wide operating temperature range, and long service life. At the same time, their safety is receiving increasing attention and concern. During use, secondary batteries may experience problems such as lithium (sodium) dendrites precipitating from the negative electrode puncturing the separator, causing the separator to melt or shrink. These problems can easily cause short circuits and increase the internal temperature of the battery. When the temperature rises to around 100°C, the SE I film structure begins to dissolve, further leading to a chain of heat release within the battery, causing thermal runaway and ultimately leading to safety issues such as battery fire.

[0003] Current solutions to thermal runaway often focus on structural and material improvements. These include using heat-resistant PP separators and adding flame retardants to the electrolyte to increase heat resistance. Furthermore, structural measures include adding mechanisms to fuse the positive and negative electrodes under certain pressure conditions.

[0004] However, changes in materials and structural design cannot effectively prevent safety issues. For example, while the separator's high-temperature resistance has been enhanced, it still has its limits; exceeding the temperature range still poses the risk of shrinkage and short circuits. The introduction of flame retardants reduces lithium-ion conductivity and mobility, weakening the battery's electrochemical performance. Structural design not only increases costs but also fails to completely prevent thermal runaway. These measures can only reduce the severity of thermal runaway to a certain extent, ensuring safe battery use, but they cannot completely resolve the safety issues caused by thermal runaway. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a fireproof battery cover and a battery which can completely block thermal runaway.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a fireproof battery cover, comprising a cover body, and also comprising a first plate body arranged at the bottom of the cover body and enclosing a first closed cavity with the cover body, wherein the first plate body melts when exposed to fire, the first closed cavity is provided with fire extinguishing material, and the first plate body is provided with a first makeshift opening at the electrode, liquid injection port and explosion-proof valve corresponding to the cover body to expose them.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a second plate body arranged on the top of the cover body and enclosing a second closed cavity with the cover body. The second plate body melts when exposed to fire, and the second closed cavity is provided with fire extinguishing material. The second plate body is provided with second makeshift openings at the electrodes, liquid injection port and explosion-proof valve corresponding to the cover body to expose them.

[0008] Furthermore, the first clearance opening and the second clearance opening are both provided with flanges in the vertical direction.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom ends of the flanges at the first make way opening and the second make way opening at the explosion-proof valve are both in a protruding chamfered structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the space of the first enclosed cavity is larger than that of the second enclosed cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the fire extinguishing material is perfluorohexanone.

[0012] Furthermore, the first plate body and the second plate body are made of PP material.

[0013] A battery comprises an electrode assembly, a shell for accommodating the electrode assembly, and the fireproof battery cover.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] The fireproof battery cover of the utility model forms a first enclosed cavity by arranging a first plate body, and then fills the first enclosed space with fire extinguishing material. When an open flame is generated inside the battery under extreme conditions such as thermal runaway, the first plate body melts and breaks open, and the fire extinguishing material flows out. The fire extinguishing material decomposes in a flame or high temperature state to produce fire extinguishing gas, thereby completely blocking thermal runaway and improving the safety performance of the battery cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fireproof battery cover of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a side sectional view of the fireproof battery cover structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of part E.

[0019] The components in the accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. cover body; 101. electrode; 102. liquid filling port; 103. explosion-proof valve; 2. first plate body; 201. first make way port; 3. second plate body; 301. second make way port; 4. flange; A. first enclosed cavity; B. fire extinguishing material; C. second enclosed cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] See also Figure 1-3 .

[0022] The fireproof battery cover of the present invention includes a cover body 1, and also includes a first plate body 2 arranged at the bottom of the cover body 1 and enclosing a first closed cavity A with the cover body 1. The first plate body 2 melts when exposed to fire. The first closed cavity A is provided with a fire extinguishing material B. The first plate body 2 is provided with a first clearance opening 201 at the electrode 101, the liquid injection port 102 and the explosion-proof valve 103 corresponding to the cover body 1 to expose them.

[0023] The fireproof battery cover of the utility model forms a first enclosed cavity A by providing a first plate body 2, and then fills the first enclosed space A with a fire extinguishing material B. When an open flame is generated inside the battery under extreme conditions such as thermal runaway, the first plate body 2 melts and breaks open, and the fire extinguishing material flows out. The fire extinguishing material decomposes in a flame or high temperature state to produce a fire extinguishing gas, thereby completely blocking the thermal runaway and improving the safety performance of the battery cell.

[0024] In this embodiment, see Figure 1-2 The battery also includes a second plate 3 disposed on top of the cover body 1 and enclosing a second sealed cavity C with the cover body 1. The second plate 3 melts in the presence of fire, and the second sealed cavity C is filled with fire extinguishing material B. Furthermore, the second plate 3 has second openings 301 corresponding to the electrodes 101, the liquid injection port 102, and the explosion-proof valve 103 of the cover body 1, exposing them. This design allows the second sealed cavity C to be filled with fire extinguishing material B at the top of the cover body 1 through the second plate 3, increasing the amount of fire extinguishing material B carried and ensuring sufficient fire extinguishing material B is available within the battery in the event of an open flame.

[0025] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 The first clearance opening 201 and the second clearance opening 301 are both provided with flanges 4 in the vertical direction. This design ensures that the electrode 101, the liquid injection port 102 and the explosion-proof valve 103 are exposed while also ensuring the airtightness of the first closed cavity A and the second closed cavity C.

[0026] In this embodiment, see Figure 3The bottom ends of the flange 4 at the first clearance opening 201 and the second clearance opening 301 of the explosion-proof valve 103 both have protruding chamfered structures. This design allows for the generation of large amounts of gas within the battery cell during thermal runaway, rapidly increasing pressure. Once this exceeds the pressure limit of the explosion-proof valve 103, the valve 103 opens. The chamfered design melts first when exposed to open flames, allowing the fire-retardant material B to flow out from this location, improving the fire-extinguishing effect.

[0027] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 The first enclosed cavity A is larger than the second enclosed cavity C. This design ensures a sufficient carrying capacity for the fire extinguishing material B while storing a large volume of the material B within the first enclosed cavity A, i.e., within the battery. This facilitates the timely flow of the fire extinguishing material B into the battery interior in the event of thermal runaway. Furthermore, by reducing the capacity of the second enclosed cavity C, the overall aesthetics of the battery exterior are maintained.

[0028] In this embodiment, the fire extinguishing material B is perfluorohexanone. This material is a colorless, odorless, transparent liquid compound at room temperature with extremely high thermal and chemical stability. When exposed to a fire source, perfluorohexanone rapidly decomposes into a flame-retardant gas, effectively suppressing the spread of flames. Compared to traditional fire extinguishing agents, perfluorohexanone does not damage the atmospheric ozone layer and does not pollute the environment. Materials similar to perfluorohexanone can also be used as fireproof material B.

[0029] In this embodiment, the first plate 2 and the second plate 3 are made of PP material. This design makes the first plate 2 and the second plate 3 have a certain degree of corrosion resistance and are flammable.

[0030] A battery comprises an electrode assembly, a shell for accommodating the electrode assembly, and the fireproof battery cover.

[0031] It should be understood that the examples and implementation methods described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or changes based on them. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., then the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components in a certain specific posture as shown in the accompanying drawings. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0033] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited to "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing throughout the text includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or schemes in which A and B are satisfied at the same time. In addition, "multiple" refers to more than two. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A fireproof battery cover, comprising a cover body (1), characterized in that: The invention also includes a first plate body (2) arranged at the bottom of the cover body (1) and enclosing a first closed cavity (A) with the cover body (1); the first plate body (2) melts when exposed to fire; the first closed cavity (A) is provided with a fire extinguishing material (B); and the first plate body (2) is provided with a first clearance opening (201) at the electrode (101), the liquid injection port (102) and the explosion-proof valve (103) of the corresponding cover body (1) to expose them.

2. The fireproof battery cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a second plate body (3) which is arranged on the top of the cover plate body (1) and encloses a second closed cavity (C) with the cover plate body (1); the second plate body (3) melts when exposed to fire; the second closed cavity (C) is provided with a fire extinguishing material (B); and the second plate body (3) is provided with a second opening (301) at the electrode (101), the liquid injection port (102) and the explosion-proof valve (103) of the corresponding cover plate body (1) to expose them.

3. The fireproof battery cover according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first clearance opening (201) and the second clearance opening (301) are both provided with flanges (4) in the vertical direction.

4. The fireproof battery cover according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom ends of the flange (4) at the first clearance opening (201) and the second clearance opening (301) of the explosion-proof valve (103) are both in a convex chamfered structure.

5. The fireproof battery cover according to claim 2, characterized in that: The space of the first enclosed cavity (A) is larger than that of the second enclosed cavity (C).

6. The fireproof battery cover according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing material (B) is perfluorohexanone.

7. The fireproof battery cover according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first plate body (2) and the second plate body (3) are made of PP material.

8. A battery, characterized in that: The invention comprises an electrode assembly, a shell for accommodating the electrode assembly, and a fireproof battery cover according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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