Boost and voltage stabilization adapter and output system for miniature nuclear battery

Abstract

The utility model discloses a voltage boosting and stabilizing adapter and an output system for a miniature nuclear battery. Relates to the technical field of nuclear batteries. The energy storage unit is used for storing input electric energy; the energy storage unit is electrically connected with the boosting unit; the boosting unit is used for boosting the input electric energy to obtain boosted electric energy; the stable output unit is used for stably outputting boost electric energy, the structure is improved on the technical basis of a conventional boost adapter, low-power starting and weak electric energy collection are achieved through the cooperation of the energy storage unit, the boost unit and the stable output unit, and stable pulse voltage output is achieved through the stable output unit; the maximum output milliampere-level current is realized, and the working characteristics of the miniature nuclear battery are met; and further utilization and popularization of the miniature nuclear battery are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of nuclear batteries, and in particular to a boost and voltage stabilization adapter and an output system for a micro nuclear battery. Background Art

[0002] Compared with chemical batteries, micro nuclear batteries have the advantages of small size and long continuous energy supply time. However, their voltage output is not stable, but fluctuates around a certain value. At the same time, their output power is low, generally 10nW to 100μW. Commonly used boost circuits cannot start and work. Therefore, it is necessary to design an adapter specifically for the output characteristics of nuclear batteries to perform low-voltage startup and weak energy collection, and boost the output to the target voltage value. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: due to the unstable voltage output of the micro nuclear battery, which fluctuates around a certain value and has the characteristic of low output power, the commonly used boost adapter cannot start and work; the purpose of the present invention is to provide a boost and voltage stabilizing adapter and output system for the micro nuclear battery, which makes structural improvements on the technical basis of the conventional boost adapter, and realizes stable pulse voltage output through the coordinated action of the energy storage unit, the boost unit and the stable output unit, and at the same time realizes the maximum output current of the milliampere level to meet the working characteristics of the micro nuclear battery.

[0004] The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] This solution provides a boost and voltage regulator adapter for micro-nuclear batteries, including:

[0006] An energy storage unit, configured to store input electrical energy; the energy storage unit is electrically connected to the boost unit;

[0007] A boost unit, configured to boost the input electrical energy to obtain boosted electrical energy; the boost unit is electrically connected to the stable output unit;

[0008] The stable output unit is used to stably output boosted electrical energy.

[0009] Working principle of this scheme: Due to the unstable voltage output of the micro-nuclear battery, which fluctuates around a certain value and has the characteristic of low output power, the commonly used boost adapter cannot start and work; the purpose of this utility model is to provide a boost and voltage stabilizing adapter and output system for micro-nuclear batteries, which makes structural improvements on the technical basis of conventional boost adapters, realizes low-power startup and weak electric energy collection through the coordinated action of energy storage unit, boost unit and stable output unit, and realizes stable pulse voltage output by using stable output unit; realizes maximum output current of milliampere level, meets the working characteristics of micro-nuclear batteries, and is conducive to the further utilization and promotion of micro-nuclear batteries.

[0010] A further optimized solution is that the stable output unit includes a voltage stabilizing unit and a filtering unit;

[0011] The voltage stabilizing unit is used to perform voltage stabilization processing on the boosted electric energy;

[0012] The filtering unit is used to filter the boosted electric energy;

[0013] The voltage stabilizing unit is connected to the output end of the boosting unit, and the filtering unit is electrically connected to the voltage stabilizing unit.

[0014] A further optimized solution is that the voltage stabilizing unit includes a resistor R1 and a resistor R2;

[0015] One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the output end of the boost unit, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected in series with the resistor R2 and then grounded;

[0016] The filtering unit includes: capacitor C7, capacitor C8 and capacitor C9; one end of capacitor C8 is connected to the output end of the boost unit, and the other end of capacitor C8 is grounded; capacitor C9 is connected in parallel on both sides of capacitor C8; capacitor C7 is connected in parallel on both sides of resistor R1.

[0017] A further optimized solution is that the energy storage unit includes a plurality of energy storage capacitors connected in parallel; one end of the energy storage capacitor is connected to the boost unit, and the other end of the energy storage capacitor is grounded.

[0018] A further optimized solution is that the energy storage unit includes a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4 and a capacitor C5 connected in parallel in sequence.

[0019] A further optimized solution is that the boost unit includes a boost chip, a mechanical switch S1, an inductor L1, a resistor R3, a capacitor C6 and a capacitor C7;

[0020] One end of the resistor R3 is connected to the Tr port of the boost chip, and the other end is grounded; one end of the inductor L1 is connected to the Vin port of the boost chip, and the other end is connected to the SW port of the boost chip;

[0021] One end of capacitor C6 is connected to the Aux port of the boost chip, and the other end is grounded;

[0022] One end of the mechanical switch S1 is connected to the SH port of the boost chip, and the other end is grounded;

[0023] The FB port of the boost chip is connected between the resistor R1 and the resistor R2; the GND port of the boost chip is grounded; and the Vout of the boost chip serves as the output end of the boost unit.

[0024] A further optimized solution is to further include a switch S2, and the energy storage unit is connected to the Vin port of the boost chip through the switch S2.

[0025] A further optimization solution is that the voltage of the input electric energy is 0.5~1.0V; the power of the input electric energy is 10nW~100μW.

[0026] A further optimization solution is to stabilize the output pulse voltage of the output unit to 1.7V, the output voltage ripple to less than 20mV, and the maximum output current to 10mA.

[0027] The present solution also provides an output system for a micro nuclear battery, comprising the above-mentioned boost and voltage stabilizing adapter for the micro nuclear battery.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0029] The utility model provides a boost and voltage stabilization adapter and output system for a micro nuclear battery. Based on the technology of a conventional boost adapter, a structural improvement is made. Through the coordinated action of an energy storage unit, a boost unit and a stable output unit, a stable pulse voltage output is achieved. At the same time, a maximum output current of milliampere level is achieved, which meets the working characteristics of the micro nuclear battery. This is conducive to the further utilization and promotion of the micro nuclear battery.

[0030] The utility model provides a boost voltage regulator adapter and output system for a micro nuclear battery, which provides a relatively low input voltage, which can be as low as 450mV. The voltage value can be further reduced by increasing the number and capacitance of the energy storage capacitors. At the same time, a relatively wide input voltage is provided, which conforms to the actual situation that the output voltage of a single micro nuclear battery fluctuates around a certain value.

[0031] The utility model provides a boost and voltage stabilization adapter and output system for a micro-nuclear battery, which matches the input power range of a single micro-nuclear battery from 10nW to 100μW. The output voltage is increased by energy storage capacitors and a boost circuit. The higher voltage is subsequently stabilized and filtered to reduce the output ripple to less than 20mV. This voltage can be stored and utilized by the back-end load.

[0032] The utility model provides a boost voltage regulator adapter and output system for a micro nuclear battery. The bias voltage divider circuit composed of resistors R1 and R2 can realize the regulation of the output voltage. In the determined application scenario, the voltage is 1.7V. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the examples. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope. A person of ordinary skill in the art can also derive other relevant drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort. In the drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a boost and voltage regulator adapter for a micro nuclear battery;

[0035] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the boost and voltage regulator adapter circuit for micro nuclear batteries is shown below;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a statistical diagram of the pulse output voltage ripple of a micro-nuclear battery-specific boost adapter;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the statistical data of pulse output voltage ripple;

[0038] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the relationship between energy conversion efficiency, input voltage and load resistance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The schematic implementation methods of the present invention and their descriptions are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0040] Compared to chemical batteries, micro-nuclear batteries have the advantages of small size and long continuous energy supply time. However, their voltage output is not stable, but fluctuates around a certain value. At the same time, their output power is low, generally 10nW to 100μW, and conventional boost circuits cannot start and work. Therefore, the utility model specifically designs its adapter based on the output characteristics of nuclear batteries, performs low-voltage startup and weak energy collection, and boosts the output to the target voltage value; the embodiment is as follows:

[0041] Example 1

[0042] This embodiment provides a boost and voltage regulator adapter for a micro nuclear battery, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 Shown, including:

[0043] The boost voltage stabilizing adapter includes an energy storage unit for storing input electrical energy; the energy storage unit is electrically connected to the boost unit;

[0044] The energy storage unit includes a plurality of energy storage capacitors connected in parallel; one end of the energy storage capacitor is connected to the boost unit, and the other end of the energy storage capacitor is grounded.

[0045] The energy storage unit includes capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5 connected in parallel. In a specific implementation, the capacitance values ​​of capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5 are equal, all 200mF. Five equal capacitors connected in parallel with one end grounded collectively act as a high-capacity energy storage capacitor.

[0046] A boost unit, configured to boost the input electrical energy to obtain boosted electrical energy; the boost unit is electrically connected to the stable output unit;

[0047] The boost unit includes a boost chip LTC3105, a mechanical switch S1, an inductor L1, a resistor R3, a capacitor C6 and a capacitor C7;

[0048] One end of the resistor R3 is connected to the Tr port of the boost chip, and the other end is grounded; one end of the inductor L1 is connected to the Vin port of the boost chip, and the other end is connected to the SW port of the boost chip;

[0049] One end of capacitor C6 is connected to the Aux port of the boost chip, and the other end is grounded;

[0050] A third resistor, R3, is connected between the boost chip's Tr port and ground. This controls the circuit's power collection efficiency, maintaining its maximum power point near the set value and ensuring high efficiency even when the input voltage fluctuates. The boost chip's Aux port is connected to one end of capacitor C6, with the other end grounded. This provides power to the internal circuitry during startup mode until the voltage detector reaches its voltage deflection point, triggering the switchover to the main output and achieving stability.

[0051] One end of the mechanical switch S1 is connected to the SH port of the boost chip, and the other end is grounded; the SH port is grounded through a mechanical switch S1, which can provide logic control for the boost circuit by using a low level while reducing other electronic components.

[0052] The FB port of the boost chip is connected between the resistor R1 and the resistor R2; the GND port of the boost chip is grounded; and the Vout of the boost chip serves as the output end of the boost unit.

[0053] The boost voltage regulator adapter further includes a switch S2 , and the energy storage unit is connected to the Vin port of the boost chip via the switch S2 .

[0054] The boost voltage stabilizing adapter includes a stabilizing output unit for stably outputting boosted electrical energy.

[0055] The stable output unit includes a voltage stabilizing unit and a filtering unit;

[0056] The voltage stabilizing unit is used to perform voltage stabilization processing on the boosted electric energy;

[0057] The filtering unit is used to filter the boosted electric energy;

[0058] The voltage stabilizing unit is connected to the output end of the boosting unit, and the filtering unit is electrically connected to the voltage stabilizing unit.

[0059] The voltage stabilizing unit includes a resistor R1 and a resistor R2; the connection of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 forms a bias voltage divider circuit, and a reasonable resistance value setting can achieve a stable output of 1.7V.

[0060] One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the output end of the boost unit, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected in series with the resistor R2 and then grounded;

[0061] The filtering unit includes: capacitor C7, capacitor C8 and capacitor C9; one end of capacitor C8 is connected to the output end of the boost unit, and the other end of capacitor C8 is grounded; capacitor C9 is connected in parallel on both sides of capacitor C8; capacitor C7 is connected in parallel on both sides of resistor R1. Capacitors C7, C8 and C9 reduce the ripple of the output voltage. In the specific implementation process, capacitor C7 is 100pF, capacitor C8 is 0.1μF, capacitor C9 is 100μF, inductor L1 is 10μH, resistor R1 is 1.10MΩ, resistor R2 is 1.60MΩ, and resistor R3 is 52.2kΩ. A low DC impedance inductor L1 is connected in parallel between the Vin port and the SW port of the boost chip. The use of inductor L can provide a lower starting voltage and higher collection efficiency when the input voltage is low.

[0062] The voltage of the input electric energy is 0.5 to 1.0 V; the power of the input electric energy is 10 nW to 100 μW.

[0063] The boost-regulated adapter includes a regulated output unit with a pulse output voltage of 1.7V, an output voltage ripple of less than 20mV, and a maximum output current of 10mA. The reference voltage at the Vin port of the input boost chip is 0.5-1.0V, and the input current can be as low as microamperes. The output pulse voltage at the Vout port of the boost chip is 1.7V, and the output current can reach up to 10mA.

[0064] The Vin port of the boost chip serves as the input end of the boost voltage regulator adapter, and the Vout port of the boost chip serves as the output end of the boost voltage regulator adapter. The input end of the boost voltage regulator adapter is connected to the micro-nuclear battery through a standard BNC interface, and the output end of the boost voltage regulator adapter is connected to other loads or energy storage devices such as lithium batteries through a standard BNC interface. The boost voltage regulator adapter provided in this embodiment can be started at a relatively low voltage and a power as low as microwatts. The boost unit can provide a stable pulse output for subsequent loads, and the stable output unit can reduce the ripple fluctuation of the output voltage.

[0065] The energy storage unit added at the front end of this embodiment can continuously collect the output energy of the micro nuclear battery. After a certain period of time, through the logical closure of the mechanical switch S2, a stable pulse voltage output after boosting can be obtained. At the same time, a filtering unit for reducing output ripple is added to the voltage-stabilized output unit, and the voltage-stabilized output unit is connected to the remaining loads; the output current is controlled by the load, and a maximum output of milliamperes can be obtained. The circuit device has passed multiple performance tests and is stable, reliable, and easy to use, which is conducive to the further utilization and promotion of micro nuclear batteries.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] This embodiment provides an output system for a micro nuclear battery, including the boost and voltage stabilizing adapter for the micro nuclear battery described in Example 1.

[0068] The boost voltage regulator adapter for micro-nuclear batteries has a physical size of 78.5mm×63mm×25mm. The housing is made of painted aluminum and has good grounding. Standard BNC connectors are installed at both the input and output ends, and two mechanical switches S1 and S2 are also provided. The internal circuit of the boost voltage regulator adapter is as follows: Figure 2As shown, the energy storage capacitor is composed of five identical capacitors connected in parallel. One end of the capacitor is first connected in series with a mechanical switch S2, and then connected to the nuclear battery as the input end of the adapter. It is also connected to the input port Vin of the boost chip, and the other end of the capacitor is grounded. One end of the inductor L1 is connected to the input port Vin of the boost chip, and the other end is connected to the SW port of the boost chip. The SH port of the boost chip is first connected in series with a mechanical switch S1 and then to ground. The GND port of the boost chip is grounded. One end of the resistor R3 is connected to the Tr port, and the other end is connected to GND and maintained grounded. The Aux port of the boost chip is connected to one end of the capacitor C6, and the other end of the sixth capacitor is grounded. The Vout port of the boost chip is connected to one end of the resistor R1, one end of the capacitor C7, one end of the capacitor C8, and one end of the capacitor C9. The other end of the capacitor C7 is connected to the other end of the resistor R1 and then to the FB port of the boost chip. One end of the resistor R2 is connected to the FB port of the boost chip, and the other end is connected to GND. The other end of the capacitor C8 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C9 and finally to ground. The Vout port of the pressure chip is the output end of the entire adapter and can be connected to subsequent loads.

[0069] In the internal circuit of the boost voltage regulator adapter for micro-nuclear batteries, capacitor C1 is 200mF, capacitor C2 is 200mF, capacitor C3 is 200mF, capacitor C4 is 200mF, capacitor C5 is 200mF, inductor L1 is 10μH, resistor R1 is 1.10MΩ, resistor R2 is 1.60MΩ, and resistor R3 is 52.2kΩ. The voltage of the input port Vin of the voltage regulator chip is 0.5~1.0V, and the input current can be as low as microampere level, such as Figure 3 Test data from the pulse voltage output of a micro-nuclear battery-specific boost and voltage regulator adapter shows that, after the adapter boosts the voltage, the final output pulse voltage is 1.7V, with a discharge time in seconds. When the load resistance is 150Ω, the output current can reach a maximum of 10 mA. Therefore, after the adapter stores energy and boosts the voltage, the final output voltage is increased.

[0070] The internal capacitor C6 of the boost voltage regulator adapter for micro nuclear batteries is 1μF, the capacitor C7 is 100pF, the capacitor C8 is 0.1μF, and the capacitor C9 is 100μF. After the voltage regulator and filter circuit, as shown in the figure: Figure 3 The ripple statistics of the pulse output voltage of the micro-nuclear battery-specific boost adapter show that the voltage ripple at the output end of the adapter is less than 20mV, proving that the adapter circuit has good voltage regulation and filtering functions.

[0071] The pulse voltage test data of the boost regulator adapter output is as follows: Figure 3 As shown in FIG, the blue line indicates that there is no voltage output during charging, while the yellow line shows a square waveform voltage curve indicating that it is discharging. The pulse output voltage ripple statistics obtained according to this embodiment are as follows Figure 4As shown, the curve is flat, indicating that the voltage is stable. The average output voltage is 1.70853V, the standard deviation (ie, the ripple size) is 0.00875V, and the relative error is 0.52%. The relationship between the energy conversion efficiency obtained in this embodiment and the change of input voltage and load resistance is shown in the figure below. Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the energy conversion efficiency of the adapter circuit increases with increasing input voltage. When the load is 507Ω and the input voltage is between 0.76 and 1.0V, the conversion efficiency exceeds 30%, reaching a maximum of around 45%. When the load is 9810Ω, the voltage range in which the adapter conversion efficiency exceeds 30% is 0.65 to 1.0V, and the conversion efficiency reaches a maximum of around 50%. Furthermore, the energy conversion efficiency with a 9810Ω load is higher than that with a 507Ω load. This shows that energy conversion efficiency is significantly dependent on both the load and the initial voltage.

[0072] As can be seen from the above, the micro-nuclear battery dedicated boost and voltage regulator adapter provided in this embodiment can store the energy from a single micro-nuclear battery and make it have a stable pulse output after boosting, thereby realizing the utilization of the power of a single micro-nuclear battery; after experiments, such as Figure 5 The relationship between the energy conversion efficiency of the micro-nuclear battery-specific boost adapter and the input voltage and load resistance during the test is shown in the graph. In the embodiment of the utility model, the energy conversion efficiency of a single micro-nuclear battery exceeds 30%, and as the input voltage increases, the energy conversion efficiency of the adapter circuit also increases accordingly.

[0073] After calculation, the micro nuclear battery dedicated boost adapter provided in this embodiment is also suitable for use after multiple micro nuclear batteries are connected in parallel or in series. In this case, the energy conversion efficiency of the adapter will be greatly improved, which is of great significance to the practical use of nuclear batteries.

[0074] The adapter's input uses a standard BNC connector for connecting to a micro-nuclear battery, while the other end uses a standard BNC connector for connecting to other loads or energy storage devices such as lithium batteries. The adapter provided by this utility model can be started at a relatively low voltage and power as low as microwatts. The boost circuit provides a stable pulse output for subsequent loads, while the voltage stabilization and filtering circuits reduce output voltage ripple. The circuit device has passed multiple performance tests and is stable, reliable, and easy to use, facilitating the further utilization and promotion of micro-nuclear batteries.

[0075] Throughout this specification, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the phrases "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" appearing in various places throughout this specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment or example. In addition, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in one or more embodiments or examples in any suitable combination and / or subcombination. Furthermore, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the figures provided herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily drawn to scale. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0076] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the utility model in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the utility model should be included in the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. A boost and voltage regulator adapter for a micro nuclear battery, characterized in that: include: an energy storage unit for storing input electrical energy; The energy storage unit is electrically connected to the boost unit; A boost unit, used for boosting the input electric energy to obtain boosted electric energy; The boost unit is electrically connected to the stable output unit; A stable output unit, used for stably outputting boosted electric energy; the stable output unit comprises a voltage stabilizing unit and a filtering unit; The voltage stabilizing unit is used to perform voltage stabilization processing on the boosted electric energy; The filtering unit is used to filter the boosted electric energy; The voltage stabilizing unit is connected to the output end of the boosting unit, and the filtering unit is electrically connected to the voltage stabilizing unit.

2. A boost and voltage stabilizing adapter for a micro nuclear battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage stabilizing unit includes a resistor R1 and a resistor R2; One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the output end of the boost unit, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected in series with the resistor R2 and then grounded; The filtering unit includes: capacitor C7, capacitor C8 and capacitor C9; one end of capacitor C8 is connected to the output end of the boost unit, and the other end of capacitor C8 is grounded; capacitor C9 is connected in parallel on both sides of capacitor C8; capacitor C7 is connected in parallel on both sides of resistor R1.

3. A boost and voltage stabilizing adapter for a micro nuclear battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage unit includes a plurality of energy storage capacitors connected in parallel; one end of the energy storage capacitor is connected to the boost unit, and the other end of the energy storage capacitor is grounded.

4. A boost and voltage stabilizing adapter for a micro nuclear battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy storage unit includes a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4 and a capacitor C5 connected in parallel in sequence.

5. A boost and voltage stabilizing adapter for a micro nuclear battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The boost unit includes a boost chip, a mechanical switch S1, an inductor L1, a resistor R3, a capacitor C6 and a capacitor C7; One end of the resistor R3 is connected to the Tr port of the boost chip, and the other end is grounded; one end of the inductor L1 is connected to the Vin port of the boost chip, and the other end is connected to the SW port of the boost chip; One end of capacitor C6 is connected to the Aux port of the boost chip, and the other end is grounded; One end of the mechanical switch S1 is connected to the SH port of the boost chip, and the other end is grounded; The FB port of the boost chip is connected between the resistor R1 and the resistor R2; the GND port of the boost chip is grounded; and the Vout of the boost chip serves as the output end of the boost unit.

6. A boost and voltage stabilizing adapter for a micro nuclear battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a switch S2, and the energy storage unit is connected to the Vin port of the boost chip through the switch S2.

7. A boost and voltage stabilizing adapter for a micro nuclear battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage of the input electric energy is 0.5 to 1.0 V; the power of the input electric energy is 10 nW to 100 μW.

8. The boost and voltage stabilizing adapter for a micro nuclear battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output pulse voltage of the stable output unit is 1.7V, the output voltage ripple is less than 20mV, and the maximum output current is 10mA.

9. An output system for a micro nuclear battery, characterized in that: A boost and voltage stabilizing adapter for a micro nuclear battery comprising the step-up and voltage stabilizing adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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