Hydraulic unclamping device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a hydraulic unclamping device which comprises a machine tool headstock, a main shaft is rotationally connected into the machine tool headstock, the outer surface of the main shaft is sleeved with a main shaft spring, a connecting frame is arranged on the machine tool headstock, a front cylinder cover is arranged on the connecting frame, a cylinder barrel is connected to the front cylinder cover through a bolt, and an oil cavity is defined by the cylinder barrel and the front cylinder cover. An oil cavity is formed in the cylinder barrel, an oil inlet pipe communicated with the oil cavity is arranged on the cylinder barrel, a piston block is slidably connected into the oil cavity and provided with an unclamping shaft, a plurality of connecting bolts are arranged at the joint of the front cylinder cover and the connecting frame in a penetrating mode, sliding holes in sliding fit with the connecting bolts are formed in the front cylinder cover, and the connecting frame is connected to the connecting bolts in a threaded mode. The outer surface of each connecting bolt is sleeved with a connecting spring, elastic connection is achieved through the connecting springs, the front cylinder cover can pull the unclamping shaft to move in the direction away from the main shaft, and in this way, part of acting force of the unclamping shaft impacting the main shaft can be counteracted. The method has the effect of guaranteeing the machining precision of the numerical control machine tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of knife-beating devices, and in particular to a hydraulic knife-beating device. Background Art

[0002] During the actual operation of CNC machine tools, due to the varying machining processes and process requirements, frequent tool changes are required. To effectively improve the tool change efficiency of CNC machine tools, a hydraulic tool-tightening device is usually installed near the spindle of the CNC machine tool. During the tool change operation, this device uses hydraulic power to loosen and tighten the tool, ensuring that the tool can be changed safely and efficiently.

[0003] Chinese patent publication number CN221833882U discloses a hydraulic knife-beating device. In the prior art, when oil is fed through the oil inlet pipe, the hydraulic oil will push the piston to move, thereby driving the left piston rod, the right piston rod and the knife-loosening screw to move together. When the knife-loosening screw contacts the knife-beating part of the spindle, continued movement will put pressure on the spring on the spindle. After the spring is compressed, its end clamping claw is released, and finally the pull pin of the knife handle is loosened, so that the knife handle is disengaged, and the knife-beating process ends.

[0004] However, the precision of the spindle in CNC machine tools is guaranteed by the bearings that match the spindle. As the number of tool changes in CNC machine tools increases, the number of impacts the spindle is subjected to also increases accordingly. After being subjected to multiple impacts, the bearings are very likely to deform. The deformed bearings will directly affect the rotation accuracy of the spindle, thereby reducing the machining accuracy of the machine tool, which is a significant shortcoming. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to ensure the machining accuracy of CNC machine tools, the present application provides a hydraulic cutting device.

[0006] The hydraulic knife-beating device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] The top of the oil pump stretches out the up-down knob on the oil pump sleeve, and the bottom of the oil pump sleeve has an oil pump sleeve on it, and the oil pump sleeve has an oil pump sleeve on it.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when the tool needs to be changed, the hydraulic oil enters the oil chamber through the oil inlet pipe, and the hydraulic oil pushes the piston block to move. The piston block pushes the cutter shaft to hit the main shaft through the push rod. At the moment the main shaft is hit, the main shaft generates a force in the opposite direction on the cutter shaft. The force applied to the cutter shaft is transmitted to the front cylinder head through the push rod. Since the connecting frame and the front cylinder head are elastically connected by the connecting spring, the front cylinder head compresses the connecting spring and moves away from the main shaft when it is subjected to the force from the main shaft. The movement of the front cylinder head pulls the cutter shaft in the direction away from the main shaft, which will offset part of the force applied by the cutter shaft to the main shaft, and the impact force applied to the main shaft is reduced, thereby reducing the impact force transmitted to the bearing, reducing the possibility of the bearing being deformed by severe impact, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy of the CNC machine tool.

[0009] Optionally, an end cover is provided at one end of the main shaft close to the front cylinder cover, and a buckle plate is provided on the front cylinder cover. The buckle plate is slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the main shaft, and a buckle groove is provided on the buckle plate to overlap with the end cover. When oil is not flowing through the oil inlet pipe, the end cover is separated from the buckle groove.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, when the front cylinder cover is subjected to the force compressing the connecting spring, the front cylinder cover moves in the direction away from the main shaft, and the movement of the front cylinder cover drives the buckle plate to move toward the end cover. When the cutter shaft hits the end cover, the buckle groove on the buckle plate hits the surface of the buckle cover. In this way, part of the energy of the collision between the main shaft and the cutter shaft is transferred to the buckle groove and the end cover, thereby effectively reducing the impact force of the cutter shaft directly on the main shaft, further reducing the impact force on the main shaft bearing, and reducing the possibility of the bearing being deformed due to severe impact, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy of the CNC machine tool.

[0011] Optionally, mutually connected blowing holes are provided in the main shaft and the knife shaft, a groove connected to the blowing holes is provided on the ejection rod, an air duct connected to the groove is provided in the front cylinder cover, and an air inlet end of the air duct is provided with an air pipe joint for an external air source.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when beating the knife, the gas moves to the inside of the airway through the air pipe joint, and then flows to the blowing hole through the groove. In the process of the gas flowing along the blowing hole, the impurities and waste chips remaining in the spindle are blown away. This arrangement effectively prevents impurities and waste chips from affecting the normal operation of the knife beating device. At the same time, the blowing of gas can form a small air pressure difference between the tool and the spindle. The existence of the air pressure difference further promotes the smooth withdrawal of the tool from the spindle, thereby improving the tool changing efficiency.

[0013] Optionally, a position indicator ring is provided on the outer surface of the knife shaft, and a first proximity switch and a second proximity switch for detecting the position indicator are provided on the connecting frame. The first proximity switch is set at the initial position of the knife shaft, and the second proximity switch is set at the initial position of the spindle end.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the cutting shaft drives the position indicator ring to move during the movement process. When the first proximity switch detects that the cutting shaft is out of the initial position, the first proximity switch controls the air circuit to open and perform the air blowing operation. When the cutting shaft hits the main shaft, the position indicator ring moves to the detection area of ​​the second proximity switch, and the second proximity switch controls the oil circuit and the air circuit to close. At this time, the cutting shaft returns to the initial position to facilitate the smooth progress of the next tool changing operation. The setting of the first proximity switch and the second proximity switch realizes the accurate detection of the running stroke of the cutting shaft, thereby improving the degree of automation of the operation of the cutting device.

[0015] Optionally, the detection ends of the first proximity switch and the second proximity switch are both located inside the connecting frame.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the device can be set inside the connecting frame to effectively avoid the adverse effects of the external environment on the detection accuracy of the proximity switch, while making the structure of the knife-beating device more compact and saving the installation space of the knife-beating device.

[0017] Optionally, a plurality of sealing grooves are provided on the outer surface of the piston block, a sealing ring is provided in the sealing groove, and the outer surface of the sealing ring is in close contact with the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of the sealing ring effectively avoids the possibility of hydraulic oil leaking through the piston block and the inner wall of the cylinder, ensuring the smooth movement of the piston block, thereby ensuring the stable progress of the knife-beating process.

[0019] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0020] 1. This application provides a connecting spring, an end cover, and a buckle plate. Under the elastic connection of the connecting spring, the front cylinder cover pulls the cutting shaft in a direction away from the main shaft, thereby reducing the force of the cutting shaft hitting the main shaft. At the same time, the buckle groove and the end cover continue to consume the energy of the cutting shaft hitting the main shaft. The two work together to offset most of the force of the main shaft, reducing the impact force transmitted to the bearing, reducing the possibility of deformation of the bearing due to severe impact, and thus ensuring the processing accuracy of the CNC machine tool;

[0021] 2. The present invention provides an air hole, an air passage, and an air pipe joint. The air moves to the air hole through the air pipe joint. As the air flows along the air hole, the impurities and waste chips remaining in the spindle are blown away, effectively preventing the impurities and waste chips from affecting the normal operation of the tool-beating device. At the same time, the blowing of the air can form a small air pressure difference between the tool and the spindle. The existence of the air pressure difference further promotes the smooth withdrawal of the tool from the spindle, thereby improving the efficiency of tool changing.

[0022] 3. This application realizes accurate detection of the running stroke of the knife-beating shaft by setting a position indicator ring, a first proximity switch and a second proximity switch, thereby improving the degree of automation of the operation of the knife-beating device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the main shaft and the front cylinder head in an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the oil chamber in the embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the knife shaft in the embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 01, machine tool headstock; 02, spindle; 021, spindle spring; 1, connecting frame; 2, front cylinder cover; 21, sliding hole; 22, air pipe joint; 3, cylinder barrel; 31, oil inlet pipe; 4, oil chamber; 41, piston block; 42, ejection rod; 43, knife shaft; 5, sealing groove; 51, sealing ring; 6, connecting bolt; 61, connecting spring; 7, end cover; 8, buckle plate; 81, buckle groove; 9, blowing hole; 10, groove; 11, air duct; 12, position indicator ring; 121, first proximity switch; 122, second proximity switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following is combined with Figure 1-4 This application is described in further detail.

[0029] The embodiment of the present application discloses a hydraulic knife-beating device.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A hydraulic tool beating device includes a machine headstock 01 installed on a CNC machine tool, and a spindle 02 is rotatably connected inside the machine headstock 01. A motor cover (not shown in the figure) is installed on the machine headstock 01, and a motor for driving the spindle 02 to rotate is fixedly installed in the motor cover. In this embodiment, the spindle 02 is driven to rotate by a motor and a belt drive. A tool loading and unloading position for loading a tool is provided at one end of the spindle 02. In this embodiment, the tool is installed on the spindle 02 by means of a tool handle pull nail, and a spindle 02 spring is provided on the outer surface of the spindle 02 along the length direction.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The end of the machine tool headstock 01 away from the tool loading and unloading position is connected to a connecting frame 1 by bolts, and a front cylinder cover 2 is provided on the connecting frame 1. The front cylinder cover 2 is connected to a cylinder barrel 3 by bolts. The inner wall of the cylinder barrel 3 and the inner wall of the front cylinder cover 2 are enclosed to form an oil chamber 4. An oil inlet pipe 31 connected to the oil chamber 4 is installed on the outer surface of the cylinder barrel 3. A piston block 41 is slidably connected to the inside of the oil chamber 4. A plurality of sealing grooves 5 are opened on the outer surface of the piston block 41. In this embodiment, the number of the sealing grooves 5 is two, and each sealing groove 5 A sealing ring 51 is provided inside, and the outer surface of the sealing ring 51 is in close contact with the inner wall of the cylinder 3. The setting of the sealing ring 51 effectively avoids the possibility of hydraulic oil leaking through the piston block 41 and the inner wall of the cylinder 3, ensuring the smooth movement of the piston block 41. A push rod 42 is fixedly connected to the piston block 41, and a knife shaft 43 for impacting the main shaft 02 is connected to the push rod 42 through a connecting flange. The axes of the knife shaft 43, the push rod 42, the main shaft 02 and the piston block 41 are all on the same straight line.

[0032] When cutting is required, hydraulic oil enters the oil chamber 4 through the oil inlet pipe 31, and the hydraulic oil pushes the piston block 41 to move toward the main shaft 02. The piston block 41 pushes the cutting shaft 43 toward the main shaft 02 through the ejection rod 42. When the end face of the cutting shaft 43 contacts the cutting part of the main shaft 02, the cutting shaft 43 continues to move, which will cause the main shaft 02 spring on the main shaft 02 to be pressurized. After the main shaft 02 spring is compressed, the clamping part of the tool handle pull nail is loosened, thereby allowing the tool to disengage and the cutting process is ended.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3A plurality of connecting bolts 6 are passed through the connection between the front cylinder head 2 and the connecting frame 1. The plurality of connecting bolts 6 are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the front cylinder head 2 in the circumferential direction. The front cylinder head 2 is provided with sliding holes 21 corresponding to the plurality of connecting bolts 6 one by one. The connecting bolts 6 are slidably connected in the sliding holes 21. The connecting frame 1 is threadedly connected to the connecting bolts 6. A connecting spring 61 is sleeved on the outer surface of each connecting bolt 6. One end of the connecting spring 61 is fixedly connected to the front cylinder head 2, and the other end is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connecting bolt 6.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The end of the main shaft 02 close to the front cylinder head 2 is connected to the end cover 7 by bolts. The cross-section of the end cover 7 is larger than the cross-section of the main shaft 02. A buckle plate 8 is connected to the front cylinder head 2 by bolts. The part of the buckle plate 8 close to the main shaft 02 is slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the main shaft 02. The buckle plate 8 is provided with a buckle groove 81 that overlaps with the end cover 7. When oil is not flowing through the oil inlet pipe 31, the end cover 7 is separated from the buckle groove 81.

[0035] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 At the moment when the piston block 41 pushes the cutting shaft 43 to hit the main shaft 02, the main shaft 02 generates a force in the opposite direction on the cutting shaft 43. The force exerted on the cutting shaft 43 is transmitted to the front cylinder head 2 through the push rod. Since the connecting frame 1 and the front cylinder head 2 are elastically connected by the connecting spring 61, when the front cylinder head 2 is subjected to the force from the main shaft 02, it will compress the connecting spring 61 and move in the direction away from the main shaft 02. The front cylinder head 2 moves and pulls the cutting shaft 43 in the direction away from the main shaft 02. In this process, the front cylinder head 2 drives the buckle plate 8 to move toward the end cover 7. When the cutting shaft 43 hits the end cover 7, the buckle groove 81 on the buckle plate 8 hits the surface of the buckle cover.

[0036] Under the elastic connection of the connecting spring 61, the front cylinder head 2 pulls the cutter shaft 43 to move in the direction away from the main shaft 02, so that the force of the cutter shaft 43 hitting the main shaft 02 is reduced. At the same time, the energy of the cutter shaft 43 hitting the main shaft 02 is continued to be consumed through the impact of the buckle groove 81 and the end cover 7. After the two cooperate, most of the force of the main shaft 02 is offset, so that the impact force transmitted to the bearing is reduced, and the possibility of the bearing being deformed by severe impact is reduced, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy of the CNC machine tool.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The main shaft 02 and the cutting shaft 43 are provided with mutually connected blowing holes 9 in the center, the ejection rod 42 is provided with a groove 10 connected to the blowing hole 9, and the front cylinder head 2 is provided with an air duct 11 connected to the groove 10. The air duct 11 is fixedly installed with an air pipe joint 22 for an external air source at the air inlet end away from the groove 10.

[0038] When the knife is being sharpened, the gas moves to the inside of the air channel 11 through the air pipe joint 22, and then flows to the blowing hole 9 through the groove 10. In the process of the gas flowing along the blowing hole 9, the impurities and waste chips remaining in the spindle 02 are blown away. This arrangement effectively prevents impurities and waste chips from affecting the normal operation of the knife-smashing device. At the same time, the blowing of gas can form a small air pressure difference between the tool and the spindle 02. The existence of the air pressure difference further promotes the smooth withdrawal of the tool from the spindle 02, thereby improving the efficiency of tool changing.

[0039] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 A position indicator ring 12 is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the knife shaft 43, and a first proximity switch 121 and a second proximity switch 122 for detecting the position of the position indicator ring 12 are installed on the connecting frame 1, wherein the detection position of the first proximity switch 121 is located at the initial position of the knife shaft 43, and the detection position of the second proximity switch 122 is located at the initial position of the main shaft 02 near the end of the knife shaft 43. The detection ends of the first proximity switch 121 and the second proximity switch 122 are both located inside the connecting frame 1. Being arranged inside the connecting frame 1 can effectively avoid the adverse effects of the external environment on the detection accuracy of the proximity switch, and at the same time make the structure of the knife device more compact, saving the installation space of the knife device.

[0040] During the knife-cutting process, the movement of the knife-cutting shaft 43 drives the position indicator ring 12 to move. When the first proximity switch 121 detects that the knife-cutting shaft 43 is out of the initial position, the first proximity switch 121 controls the air circuit to open and perform the blowing operation. When the knife-cutting shaft 43 hits the main shaft 02, the position indicator ring 12 moves to the detection area of ​​the second proximity switch 122. The second proximity switch 122 controls the oil circuit and the air circuit to close. At this time, the knife-cutting shaft 43 returns to the initial position to facilitate the smooth progress of the next knife-changing operation. The cooperation of the first proximity switch 121 and the second proximity switch 122 can realize the accurate detection of the operation of the knife-cutting shaft 43, thereby improving the degree of automation of the knife-cutting device.

[0041] The implementation principle of a hydraulic knife-beating device in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: when the knife needs to be changed, the hydraulic oil enters the oil chamber 4 through the oil inlet pipe 31, and the hydraulic oil pushes the piston block 41 to move. The piston block 41 pushes the knife-beating shaft 43 to hit the main shaft 02 through the ejection rod 42. At the moment of impact, the main shaft 02 generates a force in the opposite direction on the knife-beating shaft 43, and the force applied to the knife-beating shaft 43 is transmitted to the front cylinder cover 2 through the push rod. Since the connecting frame 1 and the front cylinder cover 2 are elastically connected by the connecting spring 61, when the front cylinder cover 2 is subjected to the force from the main shaft 02, the connecting spring 61 is compressed and displaced in the direction away from the main shaft 02. The front cylinder cover 2 moves and pulls the knife-beating shaft 43 in the direction away from the main shaft 02. In this process, the front cylinder cover 2 drives the buckle plate 8 to move toward the end cover 7. When the knife-beating shaft 43 hits the end cover 7, the buckle groove 81 on the buckle plate 8 hits the buckle cover surface;

[0042] Under the elastic connection of the connecting spring 61, the front cylinder head 2 pulls the cutter shaft 43 to move in the direction away from the main shaft 02, so that the force of the cutter shaft 43 hitting the main shaft 02 is reduced. At the same time, the energy of the cutter shaft 43 hitting the main shaft 02 is continued to be consumed through the impact of the buckle groove 81 and the end cover 7. After the two cooperate, most of the force of the main shaft 02 is offset, so that the impact force transmitted to the bearing is reduced, and the possibility of the bearing being deformed by severe impact is reduced, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy of the CNC machine tool.

[0043] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A hydraulic tool-beating device, comprising a machine headstock (01), wherein a main shaft (02) is rotatably connected to the machine headstock (01), a main shaft (02) spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the main shaft (02), a connecting frame (1) is provided on the machine headstock (01), a front cylinder cover (2) is provided on the connecting frame (1), a cylinder barrel (3) is connected to the front cylinder cover (2) by bolts, and the cylinder barrel (3) and the front cylinder cover (2) enclose an oil chamber (4), characterized in that: The cylinder barrel (3) is provided with an oil inlet pipe (31) connected to the oil chamber (4), a piston block (41) is slidably connected in the oil chamber (4), an ejection rod (42) is provided on the piston block (41), and a knife shaft (43) for striking the main shaft (02) is provided on the ejection rod (42). A plurality of connecting bolts (6) are passed through the connection between the front cylinder cover (2) and the connecting frame (1), and the plurality of connecting bolts (6) are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the front cylinder cover (2) in the circumferential direction. The front cylinder cover (2) is provided with a sliding hole (21) that slidably cooperates with the connecting bolt (6). The connecting frame (1) is threadedly connected to the connecting bolt (6), and a connecting spring (61) is sleeved on the outer surface of each connecting bolt (6). One end of the connecting spring (61) is provided on the front cylinder cover (2), and the other end is provided on the outer surface of the connecting bolt (6).

2. A hydraulic knife-beating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An end cover (7) is provided at one end of the main shaft (02) close to the front cylinder cover (2), a buckle plate (8) is provided on the front cylinder cover (2), the buckle plate (8) is slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the main shaft (02), and a buckle groove (81) is provided on the buckle plate (8) for overlapping with the end cover (7). When the oil inlet pipe (31) is not flowing with oil, the end cover (7) is separated from the buckle groove (81).

3. A hydraulic knife-beating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main shaft (02) and the knife shaft (43) are provided with mutually connected blowing holes (9), the ejection rod (42) is provided with a groove (10) connected to the blowing hole (9), the front cylinder cover (2) is provided with an air duct (11) connected to the groove (10), and the air inlet end of the air duct (11) is provided with an air pipe joint (22) for connecting to an external air source.

4. A hydraulic knife-beating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the knife shaft (43) is provided with a position indicating ring (12), and the connecting frame (1) is provided with a first proximity switch (121) and a second proximity switch (122) for detecting the position indicating switch, wherein the first proximity switch (121) is provided at the initial position of the knife shaft (43), and the second proximity switch (122) is provided at the initial position of the end of the main shaft (02).

5. A hydraulic knife-beating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The detection ends of the first proximity switch (121) and the second proximity switch (122) are both located inside the connecting frame (1).

6. A hydraulic knife-beating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the piston block (41) is provided with a plurality of sealing grooves (5), and a sealing ring (51) is provided in the sealing groove (5). The outer surface of the sealing ring (51) is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the cylinder (3).

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