Multifunctional electrode for metal wire electrical explosion and rock crushing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multifunctional electrode for metal wire electrical explosion and a rock crushing device. The multifunctional electrode comprises two discharge electrodes, the lower end of each discharge electrode is detachably provided with a swing joint, and a metal wire is connected between the two swing joints; the length and / or the arrangement direction of the metal wire are / is adjusted by replacing the swing joints of different models or adjusting the relative position between the swing joints and the discharge electrode. According to the multifunctional electrode, the length, the direction and the position of the metal wire can be adjusted, multiple functions are integrated, the purpose of replacing multiple electrodes is achieved, and cost can be effectively saved. Various adjustments only need to be matched through threads and nuts, operation is easy, no technical requirement is needed for operators, complex equipment is not needed, and the application range is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of rock crushing, in particular to a multifunctional electrode for metal wire electric explosion and a rock crushing device. Background Art

[0002] Wire electric explosion technology utilizes an energy storage device to inject a high-voltage pulse current within a specific parameter range into a wire. The ohmic heating mechanism generates Joule heat, causing the wire to undergo a series of phase transitions from solid to liquid to gas to plasma. This creates a high-temperature, high-energy plasma discharge channel with the dielectric. The pressure within the channel rises dramatically, causing it to expand outward at high speed, generating a powerful shock wave in the liquid medium that acts on the surrounding rock, converting electrical energy into mechanical energy and ultimately crushing the rock. Because these phase transitions occur so rapidly that the wire explodes immediately after being energized, the process is called wire electric explosion, or simply wire explosion.

[0003] With the continued development of geological engineering, the use of plasma generated by wire explosions for rock crushing has become a research hotspot in recent years. This rock crushing technology is widely considered to have broad application prospects and significant economic benefits. Research on this technology has revealed that it is a highly efficient and innovative rock crushing technique that overcomes the high costs, low efficiency, significant safety risks, and severe pollution associated with traditional rock crushing techniques. Furthermore, it offers unique advantages in terms of environmental protection and reduced damage to surrounding structures.

[0004] However, existing wire electric explosion technology uses a fixed electrode and wire position in its electrode structure, which cannot achieve directional rock fragmentation. Furthermore, there is room for improvement in discharge mode and material selection. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a wire electric explosion rock fragmentation electrode with an optimized structure and directional rock fragmentation effect. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a multifunctional electrode and rock crushing device for metal wire electric explosion, which can freely adjust the length and direction of the metal wire, is simple to operate, and saves costs.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is described in detail as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the utility model provides a multifunctional electrode for electric explosion of metal wires, comprising two discharge electrodes, each of which has a swing joint detachably mounted on its lower end, and a metal wire connected between the two swing joints; the length and / or arrangement direction of the metal wire can be adjusted by replacing swing joints of different models or by adjusting the relative position between the swing joint and the discharge electrode.

[0008] Optionally or preferably, a first connecting hole is provided at the lower end of the electrode, and a second connecting hole is provided on the swing joint. Bolts are passed through the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole to connect the electrode and the swing joint and a first nut is installed to adjust and fix the relative position.

[0009] Optionally or preferably, both the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole are provided with threads adapted to the bolts.

[0010] Optionally or preferably, the lower end of the swing joint is a cylindrical structure with external threads for winding the metal wire.

[0011] Optionally or preferably, it also includes an electrode cover, an insulating shell and a depth adjustment piece, the insulating shell is fixedly wrapped around the radial outer periphery of the discharge electrode, and the depth adjustment piece is fixedly wrapped around the radial outer periphery of at least a portion of the insulating shell and has an external thread; a position adjustment hole with an internal thread is opened on the electrode cover; the depth adjustment piece is installed on the electrode cover through the position adjustment hole, and the relative position between the depth adjustment piece and the electrode cover is adjusted by the thread to adjust the depth of the discharge electrode.

[0012] Optionally or preferably, the depth adjustment member is constructed as a hexagonal structure at one end extending out of the electrode cover for clamping and rotation.

[0013] Optionally or preferably, it also includes a seal and a screw, the seal is provided with a first through hole for the depth adjustment piece to pass through and a second through hole for the screw to pass through, and the electrode cover is provided with a third through hole with an internal thread for the screw to pass through; the screw passes through the second through hole and the third through hole to connect the seal to the electrode cover and is fixed using a second nut.

[0014] Optionally or preferably, the electrode cover is further provided with a handle.

[0015] Optionally or preferably, the discharge electrode is configured with an external thread at one end extending out of the electrode cover for connection with an external cable, and the external thread portion is not wrapped by the insulating shell and the depth adjusting member.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a rock crushing device comprising any of the multifunctional electrodes described above.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) The multifunctional electrode of the present invention realizes the adjustment of the length and arrangement direction of the metal wire by adding an adjustable or replaceable swing joint at the lower end of the discharge electrode. Theoretically, the length can be adjusted within the range of 5 to 100 mm. Since the maximum length is also restricted by the capacity of the discharge equipment and the aperture size, the actual maximum length will be less than 100 mm.

[0019] (2) By adjusting the angle between the swing joint and the discharge electrode and thus adjusting the arrangement direction of the metal wire, the angle with the horizontal plane can be adjusted within the range of 1 to 180° to achieve the purpose of directional rock crushing.

[0020] (3) The depth of the discharge electrode and the swing joint (i.e., the length extending from the lower end of the electrode cover) can be adjusted by the depth adjustment member to adjust the discharge position of the metal wire. The adjustment distance range is between 5 and 245 mm. In addition, a longer swing joint can be replaced to achieve a larger distance requirement.

[0021] (4) The position of the blasting chamber can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the seal through the cooperation between the seal, the screw and the second nut.

[0022] In summary, the multifunctional electrode provided by this utility model allows adjustment of the length, direction, and position of the metal wire, as well as the position of the blasting chamber, thereby achieving directional and efficient rock fragmentation. Adjustment requires only the use of threads and nuts, making operation simple and eliminating the need for complex equipment. This multifunctional electrode integrates multiple functions, such as adjusting the length, direction, and position of the metal wire arrangement, achieving the goal of replacing multiple discharge electrodes with one, saving the procurement cost of different discharge electrodes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance structure of the multifunctional electrode used for metal wire electric explosion in Example 1.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of the appearance structure of the multifunctional electrode used for metal wire electric explosion in Example 1.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the multifunctional electrode used for metal wire electric explosion in Example 1.

[0026] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of swing joints of various sizes and models adapted to the multifunctional electrode used for metal wire electric explosion in Example 1.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a depth adjustment piece of the multifunctional electrode for metal wire electric explosion in Example 1.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the copper rod electrode structure of the multifunctional electrode used for metal wire electric explosion in Example 1.

[0029] In the picture:

[0030] 1-handle, 2-swing joint, 3-insulating shell, 4-electrode cover, 5-bolt, 6-depth adjustment piece, 7-discharge electrode, 8-sealing piece, 9-screw, 10-second nut, 11-metal wire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only embodiments of a part of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work should fall within the scope of protection of this application. The instruments and parts used in the embodiments are all sourced from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0032] Example 1 Multifunctional electrode for metal wire electric explosion

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 A multifunctional electrode for wire electric explosion according to one embodiment includes a handle 1, a swing joint 2, an insulating shell 3, an electrode cover 4, a bolt 5, a depth adjustment member 6, a discharge electrode 7, a seal 8, a screw 9, a second nut 10, and a wire 11. The bolt 5 is an M5 bolt, the screw 9 is an M8 screw, and the second nut 10 is an M8 nut.

[0034] The electrode cover 4 is used to cover the blasting hole. Two handles 1 are welded to the edge of the electrode cover 4 to facilitate handling, installation, and other operations during use. The electrode cover 4 must ensure that the blasting hole is well sealed and withstand a portion of the shock wave. Therefore, the diameter of the electrode cover 4 must be at least twice the diameter of the blasting hole. The ratio of the diameter of the electrode cover 4 to the thickness of the electrode cover 4 must be greater than 10. The diameter is 250mm and the thickness is 25mm. A position adjustment hole is reserved in the middle for the depth adjustment member 6, the insulating shell 3, and the high and low voltage discharge electrodes 7 to pass through. The position adjustment hole is provided with an internal thread for matching the thread of the depth adjustment member 6. The hole diameter is 30mm and the hole spacing is 40mm. The electrode cover 4 also has a third through hole with an internal thread for the screw 9 to pass through.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 6 The copper rod serves as the high and low discharge electrodes 7. The upper end of the discharge electrode 7 is provided with an external thread for connecting to the input cable, and the lower end has a first connection hole for connecting to the swing joint 2 via a bolt 5. The copper rod discharge electrode 7 has a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 235 mm. The upper thread is an M8 thread and is 25 mm long.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 4One end of the swing joint 2 is provided with a second connection hole for connecting to the copper rod discharge electrode 7. To facilitate rotation to adjust the angle relative to the copper rod discharge electrode 7, the end with the second connection hole can be designed with an arc-shaped end surface. The other end of the swing joint 2 is constructed as a cylindrical structure with external threads. The wire 11 is wrapped around the two ends of the cylindrical structure of the swing joint 2. The swing joint 2 can be designed in a variety of sizes to accommodate different wire length and angle adjustment requirements. Both the first and second connection holes are provided with threads that are compatible with the bolt 5.

[0037] Align the first connection hole at the lower end of the discharge electrode 7 with the second connection hole of the swing joint 2, and connect the discharge electrode 7 and the swing joint 2 by passing the bolt 5 through the first and second connection holes. After adjusting the desired angle, install the first nut of the appropriate model and tighten the first nut to achieve the specified length and angle. Another way to adjust the length of the metal wire 11 is to replace the swing joint 2 with a suitable model, such as replacing it with a longer swing joint 2, to achieve a wider range of direction and length adjustment of the metal wire 11.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 5 , combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 The insulating shell 3 completely encases the copper rod discharge electrode 7 (around its radial periphery), leaving only the upper threaded portion and the lower first connection hole exposed. The insulating shell 3 separates the copper rod discharge electrode 7 from the depth adjustment member 6 and insulates the copper rod discharge electrode 7. The thickness of the insulating shell 3 is determined by the discharge voltage. For example, at a discharge voltage of 10 kV, a thickness of 5 mm is sufficient. The insulating shell 3 has an inner diameter of 10 mm, an outer diameter of 20 mm, and a length of 230 mm.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 5 , combined with Figure 3 The depth adjustment member 6 is a cylindrical structure with a thread on its outer surface that matches the position adjustment hole on the electrode cover 4. The end extending out of the electrode cover 4 is constructed as a hexagonal prism for clamping and rotation. The depth adjustment member 6 has an inner diameter of 20mm, an outer diameter of 30mm, and a length of 180mm. The length of the hexagonal prism is 10mm, and the inscribed circle diameter is 30mm. The depth adjustment member 6 is wrapped around at least a portion of the radial periphery of the insulating shell 3 and is installed on the electrode cover 4 through the position adjustment hole. The relative position between the depth adjustment member 6 and the electrode cover 4 is adjusted by the thread, thereby adjusting the depth of the discharge electrode 7, thereby achieving the adjustment of the vertical position of different metal wires 11.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 3The seal 8 is cylindrical, with a diameter that matches the blasthole diameter. Axially, the seal 8 includes a first through-hole for the depth adjuster 6 and a second through-hole for the screw 9. The electrode cover 4 includes a third through-hole with internal threads for the screw 9. The screw 9 passes through the second and third through-holes, connecting the seal 8 to the electrode cover 4 and securing them with a second nut 10. By replacing seals 8 with different thicknesses and diameters, the blast chamber position can be further adjusted.

[0041] The handle 1, electrode cover 4, depth adjustment member 6, seal 8, screw 9, and second nut 10 are all made of high-strength stainless steel. Considering the electrical conductivity and other physical properties of the metal discharge electrode 7, as well as the engineering application cost, the swing joint 2, bolt 5, and copper rod electrode 7 are all made of brass. The insulation shell 3 requires high chemical stability, electrical insulation, and flame retardancy. Considering the practical application, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which is easy to machine and relatively low in cost, was selected as the insulation shell material for the designed electrode. Its breakdown field strength reaches 200 kV / mm, meeting the requirements for discharge rock fragmentation. All of these parts are reusable.

[0042] The metal wire 11 can be made of different materials, such as copper, aluminum, silver, gold, nickel, molybdenum, etc.

[0043] The input cable uses 4AWG cable, which has a temperature resistance of -60°C to 200°C and a withstand voltage of 600V. To ensure operator safety, the cable length should be at least 15 meters. Twist the two input cables as much as possible in the middle to reduce the impact of loop inductance on discharge.

[0044] Before assembling the multifunctional electrode, the insulating shell 3, the depth adjusting member 6 and the copper rod discharge electrode 7 are glued together with special glue respectively and left to stand for more than 24 hours to wait for the glue to completely solidify.

[0045] Use a rock drill to drill holes on the work surface based on the rock sample's strength and project conditions. The spacing between drilled holes (i.e., blasting holes) can be at least 10 times the hole diameter to maximize the crushing area. The drilled holes should have a diameter slightly larger than the space occupied by the two adjustment holes on the multifunctional electrode cap (4). The hole diameter should be slightly larger than 75mm, and the hole depth should be greater than 10mm.

[0046] Adjust the depth adjustment member 6 so that the swing joint 2 reaches the designated discharge position, and connect the wire 11 to the two swing joints 2. After the wire 11 is connected, add the pre-prepared dielectric solution to the borehole, place the multifunctional electrode in its entirety into the borehole, and use the fixings to tightly secure the multifunctional electrode to the rock sample, completing the preliminary preparations for high-voltage pulse discharge rock fragmentation.

[0047] After the multifunctional electrode is placed in the drill hole, the high and low voltage cables are connected to the discharge electrode 7 (i.e., the copper rod) respectively, and the discharge operation is performed after the required discharge voltage is set.

[0048] After the discharge is complete, the multifunctional electrode is removed, and the metal wire 11 is reconnected between the two swing joints 2. The multifunctional electrode is then inserted into the next borehole to continue the discharge operation. This process is repeated to achieve complete rock crushing. In this method, the average wire change time is 30 seconds, which effectively shortens the wire change time and improves rock crushing efficiency.

[0049] If the position of the blasting chamber needs to be adjusted, a seal 8 of corresponding size can be installed to achieve this.

[0050] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the inventive concept in detail. The above examples are only intended to help you understand the core concept of the present invention. It should be noted that any obvious modifications, equivalent substitutions, or other improvements made by a person skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional electrode for metal wire electric explosion, characterized in that: The device comprises two discharge electrodes, each of which is detachably provided with a swing joint at the lower end, and a metal wire is connected between the two swing joints. The length and / or arrangement direction of the metal wire can be adjusted by replacing swing joints of different models or by adjusting the relative position between the swing joint and the discharge electrode.

2. The multifunctional electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that A first connection hole is provided at the lower end of the discharge electrode, and a second connection hole is provided on the swing joint. Bolts are passed through the first and second connection holes to connect the discharge electrode and the swing joint, and a first nut is installed to adjust and fix the relative position.

3. The multifunctional electrode according to claim 2, characterized in that The first connecting hole and the second connecting hole are both provided with threads adapted to the bolts.

4. The multifunctional electrode according to claim 2, characterized in that The lower end of the swing joint is a cylindrical structure with external threads for winding the metal wire.

5. The multifunctional electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes an electrode cover, an insulating shell and a depth adjustment piece, wherein the insulating shell is fixedly wrapped around the radial outer periphery of the discharge electrode, and the depth adjustment piece is fixedly wrapped around the radial outer periphery of at least a portion of the insulating shell and has an external thread; a position adjustment hole with an internal thread is opened on the electrode cover; the depth adjustment piece is installed on the electrode cover through the position adjustment hole, and the relative position between the depth adjustment piece and the electrode cover is adjusted by the thread to adjust the depth of the discharge electrode.

6. The multifunctional electrode according to claim 5, characterized in that The depth adjusting member is configured as a hexagonal column structure at one end extending out of the electrode cover for clamping and rotation.

7. The multifunctional electrode according to claim 5, characterized in that It also includes a seal and a screw, the seal is provided with a first through hole for the depth adjustment piece to pass through and a second through hole for the screw to pass through, the electrode cover is provided with a third through hole with an internal thread for the screw to pass through; the screw passes through the second through hole and the third through hole to connect the seal to the electrode cover and is fixed using a second nut.

8. The multifunctional electrode according to claim 5, characterized in that The electrode cover is also provided with a handle.

9. The multifunctional electrode according to claim 5, characterized in that The discharge electrode is configured with an external thread at one end extending out of the electrode cover for connection with an external cable, and the external thread portion is not wrapped by the insulating shell and the depth adjusting piece.

10. A rock crushing device, characterized in that: The multifunctional electrode comprises the multifunctional electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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