Drum-type soil covering machine with adjustable rack

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a drum-type soil covering machine with an adjustable rack, which comprises a main rack, soil covering drums are arranged on the main rack, each soil covering drum structurally comprises a drum body, a soil inlet and a soil outlet, a transverse support is arranged above each soil covering drum, and a plurality of rollers are arranged on the transverse support and positioned above the soil covering openings. A plurality of roller scraping brushes and roller striking devices are arranged at intervals, and soil scraping shovels are arranged on the inner sides of the soil covering discs; furthermore, another group of soil covering rollers with the same structure are arranged beside one group of soil covering rollers, the soil covering rollers are arranged side by side in a left-right spaced manner, and a turnover mechanism or a traction frame translation mechanism is arranged between the main frame cross beams of the left and right groups of soil covering rollers; the film soil covering machine is reasonable in structure, economical, practical, suitable for different operation application requirements of single film, double film, three film and the like, good in film soil covering operation effect on crops such as cotton and the like, and capable of greatly improving the soil covering work efficiency of the whole machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an adjustable frame drum type soil covering machine used for covering crops such as cotton. Background Art

[0002] Film mulching is a crucial planting method in agricultural production. It warms the soil, conserves moisture, promotes crop growth, eliminates weeds, and increases yields. Precision seeding, particularly on-film seeding, is becoming increasingly widespread in agricultural production, particularly for crops like cotton. Spring in Xinjiang is characterized by large temperature swings between day and night, and frequent strong winds, which hinder heat and moisture conservation during the cotton seedling stage. After precision seeding on the film, the seed holes must be covered with soil to ensure the necessary temperature and moisture for cotton growth. Mulching machinery is a key agricultural tool in film mulching. Existing existing mulching machinery is complex and inefficient, failing to fully meet the practical needs of diverse applications. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an adjustable frame drum soil covering machine which has a reasonable structure, is economical and practical, is suitable for different operation application requirements such as single film, double film, triple film, etc., has a good effect of covering soil on the film for crops such as cotton, and can greatly improve the soil covering efficiency of the whole machine.

[0004] The utility model discloses an adjustable frame roller type soil covering machine, which mainly comprises a main frame, a traction frame, and a main frame crossbeam. The main frame is provided with a soil covering roller, which is characterized in that the soil covering roller is a group, that is, a combination of two soil covering rollers arranged side by side in front and behind. The two soil covering rollers are hinged to the main frame respectively. The two soil covering rollers have the same structure, but the left and right installation positions are opposite. The structure of each soil covering roller includes a roller body, a soil entry port, and a soil exit port. The drum body is provided with multiple soil covering ports, and a transverse bracket is provided above each soil covering roller. On the transverse bracket and above the soil covering port, multiple roller scraping brushes are provided at intervals, and a roller beater is provided between adjacent roller scraping brushes, and the roller beater is hinged to the transverse bracket; the soil entry port and the soil exit port are respectively provided on both sides of the drum body, and a plurality of soil guide blades are provided at intervals on the inner wall of the drum body, and the shape of the soil guide blades is an arc-shaped sheet plate; a soil covering disc is provided on one side of the soil entry port of the soil covering roller, which is used to rotate the soil on the ground and send it into the soil entry port of the soil covering roller, and a scraping shovel is provided on the inner side of the soil covering disc to scrape off the clay on the inner side of the soil covering disc.

[0005] A soil entry blade is provided on the inner side of the soil entry port, and the soil entry blade and the soil guide blade provided between the inner wall of the drum body rotate in the direction from the soil entry port to the soil exit port; the soil entry port and the soil exit port are trumpet-shaped with a larger outer side and a smaller inner side.

[0006] A small frame is provided on one side of the main frame, and a lifting cylinder, a tie rod, and a disc seat square steel are provided on the small frame. The soil-covering disc is hinged to the small frame through the disc seat square steel. A tie rod is hinged above the disc seat square steel, and the tie rod is hinged to one end of the lifting cylinder above to realize the lifting or lowering of the soil-covering disc.

[0007] A further design is provided with another group of soil covering rollers with the same structure next to the group of soil covering rollers, which are arranged side by side at intervals on the left and right sides. A turning mechanism is provided between the main frame cross beams of the left and right groups of soil covering rollers, so that one group of soil covering rollers is turned over and lifted and is located above the other group of soil covering rollers; the structure of the turning mechanism includes a turning straight arm, a turning and rotating arm, a connecting member I, a connecting member II, and a turning oil cylinder, the connecting member I is fixed on the main frame cross beam of the group of soil covering rollers to be turned over, the connecting member II is fixed on the main frame cross beam of the other group of soil covering rollers, the two ends of the connecting member I are respectively hinged to the end of the turning straight arm and the turning arm, the two ends of the connecting member II are respectively hinged to the other end of the turning straight arm and the turning arm, the traction frame is provided on one side of the connecting member II, and a support arm with a U-shaped bayonet is fixed on the traction frame, so that when one group of soil covering rollers is turned over and lifted, the turning and rotating arm is stuck in the U-shaped bayonet; ground wheels are provided on the outer sides of the main frame cross beams of the left and right groups of soil covering rollers.

[0008] A further design is that there are three groups of covering rollers with the same structure and arranged side by side. A flipping mechanism is provided between the main frame crossbeams of the two groups of covering rollers on both sides and the main frame crossbeams of the middle group of covering rollers, so that the two groups of covering rollers on the left and right sides are flipped and lifted and located above the middle group of covering rollers; a support arm with a U-shaped bayonet is fixed above the traction frame, one on each side.

[0009] A further design is that next to the said group of covering rollers, another group of covering rollers with the same structure is provided, which are arranged side by side and spaced apart on the left and right sides. The main frame beam of the two groups of covering rollers is a full-length beam, on which a traction frame translation mechanism is provided, so that the traction frame is translated from the front end of one group of covering rollers to the middle position of the two groups of covering rollers; the structure of the traction frame translation mechanism includes a translation beam, a sliding support, and a translation cylinder, and there are two sliding supports, which are respectively mounted on the said main frame beam and can move left and right along the main frame beam; the two ends of the translation beam are respectively fixedly connected to the sliding supports, and a fixed support is provided on the said main frame beam. The protruding end of the translation cylinder is fixedly connected to one of the sliding supports, and the other end is connected to the fixed support.

[0010] The working principle of this utility model:

[0011] The utility model relates to an adjustable frame roller type soil covering machine, which is driven by a power locomotive to drive a soil covering roller group connected to a main frame, and uses the soil covering roller group to cover the crop seedlings with soil.

[0012] The soil of each group of covering rollers is scooped up by covering discs, and the soil enters the trumpet-shaped soil inlet. The soil entry blades at the soil inlet guide the soil into the interior of the covering roller, and the soil guide blades continuously push the soil toward the trumpet-shaped soil outlet. The soil leaks out when passing through the thin strip covering outlet. For covering the crop seedlings, the soil leaking out from the soil outlet is used to press the intervals of the ground film, and the excess large pieces of soil or grass roots are discharged from the soil outlet. The two covering rollers in each group respectively input soil from different two sides and discharge soil from different two sides, cooperating with each other without affecting each other, so that the crop seedlings are more fully covered with soil and prevent soil leakage. The cooperative movement of the two makes the overall soil covering efficiency high, which is suitable for the locomotive to travel at a faster speed, and the overall working efficiency of the locomotive is greatly improved.

[0013] The flipping mechanism is used to simultaneously cover the soil with two films on two sets of covering rollers when covering the soil in the field, greatly improving work efficiency. When leaving the fields and traveling on traffic roads, the flipping mechanism flips and lifts one set of covering rollers above the other, reducing the width of the entire machine and facilitating transportation. Furthermore, in a design with three sets of covering rollers installed side by side, the flipping mechanism flips and lifts the two side sets of covering rollers above the center set, allowing three sets of covering rollers to be covered simultaneously, further improving work efficiency.

[0014] The traction frame translation mechanism is designed for two sets of covering rollers designed side by side to perform double-film covering operations, so that the traction frame moves to the front end of one set of covering rollers, which makes it easier for the tractor wheelbase to adapt to the planting film surface, and does not crush or damage the seedlings during the covering operation. During transportation, the traction frame is translated to the middle position of the two sets of covering rollers, so that the weight on the left and right is balanced and the transportation is smooth. This design is flexible, more practical and convenient.

[0015] Each covering roller is equipped with a transverse support. A roller brush is located above the covering opening on the transverse support. This brush is used to scrape away soil stuck to the covering opening during covering operations, preventing blockage. A roller beater is located between the brushes to further prevent excessive soil from adhering to the surface of the covering roller. A covering disc, located on one side of the covering roller's inlet, is used to lift soil from the ground and feed it into the inlet. A scraper is located inside the disc to scrape away any clay from the inside of the disc. The design of the roller brush, beater, and scraper inside the disc prevents field soil from adhering to the various working components, preventing it from interfering with the covering operation and further improving the overall efficiency of the machine.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has a reasonable structure. During the actual operation process, the covering rollers cooperate with each other. The design of the flipping mechanism and the traction frame translation mechanism is flexible and versatile, which greatly improves the covering quality, work efficiency and applicability of the entire covering machinery. It is an economical and practical adjustable frame roller covering machine that can meet actual needs and can be widely promoted and used. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustable frame drum type soil covering machine in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The main structural diagram of the utility model is shown in FIG.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the top structure of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the drum body of a single soil covering drum of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the drum body of a single soil covering drum of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure in the AA direction.

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Left view of .

[0024] Figure 8 The utility model is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connection relationship between the soil covering disc, the scraping shovel, the small frame, the lifting cylinder and the tensioning rod.

[0025] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The main structural diagram of the connection relationship between the soil covering disc, scraper shovel, small frame, lifting cylinder and tie rod in the utility model.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustable frame drum type soil covering machine in Example 2 of the present utility model.

[0027] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the main structure of the medium-adjustable frame drum coverer.

[0028] Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustable frame drum type soil covering machine in Example 2 in the flipped state.

[0029] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustable frame drum type soil covering machine in Example 3 of the present utility model.

[0030] Figure 14 for Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the main structure of the medium-adjustable frame drum coverer.

[0031] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustable frame drum type soil covering machine in Example 4 of the present invention.

[0032] As shown in the figure: 1 is the main frame, 1-1 is the small frame, 2 is the soil entry, 3 is the traction frame, 4 is the soil covering roller, 5 is the main frame beam, 6 is the soil covering port, 7 is the soil exit port, 8 is the soil covering disc, 9 is the roller brush, 10 is the roller beater, 11 is the horizontal bracket, 12 is the roller body, 13 is the soil entry blade, 14 is the soil guide blade, 15 is the scraper shovel, 16 is the tension bar, 17 is the lifting cylinder, 18 is the disc seat square steel, 19 is the middle tillage tooth, 20 is the connecting part I, 21 is the turning arm, 22 is the turning cylinder, 23 is the turning straight arm, 24 is the connecting part II, 25 is the traction frame II, 26 is the support arm, 27 is the ground wheel, 28 is the turning mechanism, 29 is the translation cylinder, 30 is the translation beam, 31 is the fixed support, and 32 is the sliding support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] Reference Figure 1 — Figure 9, is a structural diagram of the utility model of an adjustable frame drum covering machine in a single film covering operation mode. An adjustable frame drum covering machine mainly includes a main frame 1, a traction frame 3, and a main frame crossbeam 5. The main frame 1 is provided with a covering drum, and the covering drum is a group, that is, a combination of two covering drums 4 arranged side by side in front and behind. The two covering drums 4 are respectively hinged to the main frame 1. The two covering drums 4 have the same structure, but the left and right installation positions are opposite. The structure of each covering drum 4 includes a drum body 12, a soil inlet 2, and a soil outlet 7. The drum body 12 is provided with multiple covering ports 6. A transverse bracket 1 is provided above each covering drum 4. 1. On the transverse bracket 11 and above the covering opening 6, a plurality of roller scraping brushes 9 are arranged at intervals, and a roller beater 10 is provided between adjacent roller scraping brushes 9, and the roller beater 10 is hinged to the transverse bracket 11; the soil entry 2 and the soil exit 7 are respectively arranged on both sides of the drum body 12, and a plurality of soil guide blades 14 are arranged at intervals on the inner wall of the drum body 12, and the shape of the soil guide blades 14 is an arc-shaped sheet plate; a covering disc 8 is provided on one side of the soil entry 2 of the covering drum 4, which is used to rotate the soil on the ground and send it into the soil entry 2 of the covering drum, and a scraping shovel 15 is provided on the inside of the covering disc 8 for scraping off the clay on the inside of the covering disc 8.

[0035] A soil entry blade 13 is provided on the inner side of the soil entry port 2. The soil entry blade 13 and the soil guide blade 14 provided on the inner wall of the drum body 12 rotate in the direction from the soil entry port 2 to the soil exit port 7. The soil entry port 2 and the soil exit port 7 are trumpet-shaped with a larger outside and a smaller inside.

[0036] A small frame 1-1 is provided on one side of the main frame 1, and a lifting cylinder 17, a tie rod 16, and a disc seat square steel 18 are provided on the small frame 1-1. The covering disc 8 is hinged to the small frame 1-1 through the disc seat square steel 18. A tie rod 16 is hinged above the disc seat square steel 18, and the tie rod 16 is hinged to one end of the lifting cylinder 17 above to realize the lifting or lowering of the covering disc 8.

[0037] When working, each covering roller uses the covering disc 8 to scoop up the soil on the ground, and the soil enters the soil inlet 2. The soil inlet blade 13 of the soil inlet 2 will guide the future soil into the interior of the covering roller 4, and the soil guide blade 14 will continuously push the future soil toward the soil outlet 7. The soil leaks out when passing through the covering outlet 6. For covering the crop seedlings, excess large pieces of soil or grass root impurities are discharged from the soil outlet 7. The roller scraper 9 and roller beater 10 above the covering roller can scrape or shake off the soil adhering to the surface of the covering roller. The front and rear covering rollers respectively feed soil from different two sides and discharge soil from different two sides, cooperate with each other and do not affect each other, so that the crop seedlings are covered with soil more fully and prevent soil leakage. The cooperative movement of the two makes the overall covering efficiency high, which is suitable for the locomotive to travel at a faster speed, and the working efficiency of the overall locomotive is greatly improved.

[0038] Example 2:

[0039] Reference Figure 10 — Figure 12 , compared with Example 1, its difference lies in: the adjustable frame roller type soil covering machine in this embodiment is a structural schematic diagram of the double-film soil covering operation mode. As shown in the figure, next to the set of soil covering rollers, another set of soil covering rollers with the same structure is provided, which are arranged side by side and spaced apart on the left and right sides. A turning mechanism 28 is provided between the main frame crossbeams 5 of the left and right sets of soil covering rollers, so that one set of soil covering rollers is turned over and lifted, and is located above the other set of soil covering rollers; the structure of the turning mechanism 28 includes a turning straight arm 23, a turning arm 21, a connecting member I 20, a connecting member II 24, and a turning cylinder 22. The connecting member I 20 is fixed to the position to be turned The connecting member II 24 is fixed to the main frame cross beam 5 of the group of covering rollers, and the two ends of the connecting member I 20 are respectively hinged to the ends of the flip straight arm 23 and the flip turning arm 21. The two ends of the connecting member II 24 are respectively hinged to the other ends of the flip straight arm 23 and the flip turning arm 21. The traction frame II 25 is provided on one side of the connecting member II 24. A support arm 26 with a U-shaped bayonet is fixed on the traction frame II 25. When one group of covering rollers is flipped and lifted, the flip turning arm 21 is snapped into the U-shaped bayonet. Ground wheels 27 are provided on the outer sides of the main frame cross beams 5 of the left and right groups of covering rollers.

[0040] The structure of this embodiment is based on the single-film covering machine in Example 1, with an additional set of covering rollers. The two sets of covering rollers are designed side by side for double-film covering operations. When covering the soil in the field, the double films complete the covering operation at the same time, and the work efficiency is greatly improved; when leaving the farmland and traveling on the traffic road, one set of covering rollers is flipped and lifted up through the flipping mechanism and is located above the other set of covering rollers, so that the width of the whole machine is reduced, which is convenient for transportation.

[0041] Example 3:

[0042] Reference Figure 13 、 Figure 14 Compared with Example 2, the difference lies in that the adjustable frame roller type soil covering machine in this embodiment is a structural schematic diagram of the three-film soil covering operation mode. As shown in the figure, there are three groups of soil covering rollers with the same structure and arranged side by side at intervals. A turning mechanism 28 is provided between the main frame crossbeams 5 of the two groups of soil covering rollers on both sides and the main frame crossbeam 5 of the middle group of soil covering rollers, so that the two groups of soil covering rollers on the left and right sides are turned over and lifted, and are located above the middle group of soil covering rollers; a support arm 26 with a U-shaped bayonet is fixed above the traction frame, one on each side.

[0043] In the design of the three groups of covering rollers installed side by side in this embodiment, the two groups of covering rollers located on the side are flipped and lifted by the flipping mechanism 28 and lifted to the top of the middle group of covering rollers, so that the three films can be covered at the same time, and the work efficiency can be further improved.

[0044] Embodiment 4:

[0045] Reference Figure 15 , compared with Example 1, its difference lies in: the adjustable frame roller type soil covering machine in this embodiment is a structural schematic diagram in the double-film soil covering operation mode. As shown in the figure, next to the one group of soil covering rollers, there is another group of soil covering rollers with the same structure, which are arranged side by side and spaced apart. The main frame cross beam 5 of the two groups of soil covering rollers is a full-length cross beam, on which a traction frame translation mechanism is provided, so that the traction frame 3 is translated from the front end of one group of soil covering rollers to the middle position of the two groups of soil covering rollers; the structure of the traction frame translation mechanism includes a translation cross beam 30, a sliding support 32, and a translation cylinder 29, and the sliding support 32 is two, which are respectively sleeved on the main frame cross beam 5 and can move left and right along the main frame cross beam 5; the two ends of the translation cross beam 30 are respectively fixedly connected to the sliding supports 32, and a fixed support 31 is provided on the main frame cross beam 5. The protruding end of the translation cylinder 29 is fixedly connected to one of the sliding supports 32, and the other end is connected to the fixed support 31.

[0046] The design of the traction frame translation mechanism described in this embodiment can change the traction position according to the actual operation and transportation conditions. The design is flexible and more practical and convenient.

[0047] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to them. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention includes but is not limited to the contents described in the drawings and the above specific embodiments. Any modifications that do not deviate from the functional and structural principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An adjustable frame roller type soil covering machine, comprising a main frame, a traction frame, a main frame crossbeam, and a soil covering roller provided on the main frame, characterized in that The two rollers are connected to each other by a plurality of rollers, each of which is connected to the roller body by a plurality of rollers, each of which is connected to the roller body by a plurality of rollers.

2. The adjustable frame drum soil covering machine according to claim 1, characterized in that A soil entry blade is provided on the inner side of the soil entry port, and the soil entry blade and the soil guide blade provided between the inner wall of the drum body rotate in the direction from the soil entry port to the soil exit port; the soil entry port and the soil exit port are trumpet-shaped with a larger outer side and a smaller inner side.

3. The adjustable frame drum soil covering machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that A small frame is provided on one side of the main frame, and a lifting cylinder, a tie rod, and a disc seat square steel are provided on the small frame. The soil-covering disc is hinged to the small frame through the disc seat square steel. A tie rod is hinged above the disc seat square steel, and the tie rod is hinged to one end of the lifting cylinder above to realize the lifting or lowering of the soil-covering disc.

4. The adjustable frame drum type soil covering machine according to claim 3, characterized in that The lifting mechanism comprises a lifting mechanism, a lifting mechanism comprising a lifting mechanism, a lifting mechanism for lifting a soil covering roller and a lifting mechanism for lifting a soil covering roller. The lifting mechanism comprises a lifting mechanism, a lifting mechanism for lifting a soil covering roller and a lifting mechanism for lifting a soil covering roller. The lifting mechanism comprises a lifting mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a lifting mechanism for lifting a soil covering roller and a lifting mechanism for lifting a soil covering roller. The lifting mechanism comprises a lifting mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a lifting mechanism 5. The adjustable frame drum soil covering machine according to claim 4, characterized in that There are three groups of covering rollers with the same structure and arranged side by side. A flipping mechanism is provided between the main frame crossbeams of the two groups of covering rollers on both sides and the main frame crossbeams of the middle group of covering rollers, so that the two groups of covering rollers on the left and right sides are flipped and lifted and located above the middle group of covering rollers; a support arm with a U-shaped bayonet is fixed above the traction frame, one on each side.

6. The adjustable frame drum soil covering machine according to claim 3, characterized in that Next to the described group of soil-covering rollers, there is another group of soil-covering rollers with the same structure, which are arranged side by side and spaced apart on the left and right sides. The main frame crossbeams of the two groups of soil-covering rollers are a through-long crossbeam, on which a traction frame translation mechanism is provided, so that the traction frame is translated from the front end of one group of soil-covering rollers to the middle position of the two groups of soil-covering rollers; the structure of the traction frame translation mechanism includes a translation crossbeam, a sliding support, and a translation oil cylinder, and there are two sliding supports, which are respectively mounted on the main frame crossbeam and can move left and right along the main frame crossbeam; the two ends of the translation crossbeam are respectively fixedly connected to the sliding supports, and a fixed support is provided on the main frame crossbeam. The protruding end of the translation oil cylinder is fixedly connected to one of the sliding supports, and the other end is connected to the fixed support.

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