Grain condition detection equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses grain condition detection equipment, which comprises a monitoring master station, a grain condition host, a grain condition extension and a sensor unit, and is characterized in that the grain condition extension is respectively connected with the output end of the sensor unit and the input end of the grain condition host; the grain condition host is respectively connected with the output end of the grain condition extension and the input end of the monitoring main station, the grain condition extension comprises a central processing unit, a multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit and a communication unit, and the central processing unit is respectively connected with the multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit and the communication unit. The device is low in manufacturing cost and high in automation degree; a multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit is adopted, compatibility is good, and data of thousands of temperature measurement sensors can be read at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of grain condition detection, and in particular discloses a grain condition detection device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of agricultural modernization, grain storage, preservation and quality inspection have become important tasks. In order to improve grain quality and protect food security, grain condition inspection equipment has emerged.

[0003] Existing grain condition monitoring equipment is primarily used in grain storage, processing, and transportation. Its purpose is to monitor and control grain humidity, temperature, and other related parameters in real time to ensure grain quality and prevent problems such as insect pests, mildew, and excessive grain temperature. For example, during storage, grain condition monitoring equipment can be used to monitor parameters such as grain temperature and humidity within the warehouse, allowing timely identification of problems and the implementation of appropriate measures.

[0004] Multiple grain silos require multiple grain condition monitoring devices. For example, monitoring the internal temperature of each silo requires inserting multiple temperature measurement cables into the grain. Each cable has multiple built-in temperature measurement points, and each cable is connected via two parallel temperature collectors. This requires hundreds of temperature measurement cables. However, existing grain condition monitoring equipment lacks compatibility, making seamless integration and connection difficult. This, to a certain extent, limits overall efficiency and ease of management.

[0005] Therefore, the existing grain condition detection equipment has poor compatibility, and it is difficult to achieve seamless docking and integration between different grain condition detection equipment, which is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model provides a grain condition detection device, which aims to solve the technical problems that existing grain condition detection devices have poor compatibility and different grain condition detection devices are difficult to achieve seamless connection and integration.

[0007] The utility model relates to a grain condition detection device, comprising a monitoring main station, a grain condition host, a grain condition extension and a sensor unit, wherein the grain condition extension is respectively connected to the output end of the sensor unit and the input end of the grain condition host; the grain condition host is respectively connected to the output end of the grain condition extension and the input end of the monitoring main station; the grain condition extension comprises a central processing unit, a multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit and a communication unit, and the central processing unit is respectively connected to the multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit and the communication unit.

[0008] Furthermore, the central processing unit includes an MCU chip, and the model of the MCU chip is TM32F103VET6.

[0009] Furthermore, the multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit includes multiple temperature and humidity acquisition modules, each temperature and humidity acquisition module includes a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a third switching tube, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor and a ninth resistor. The base of the first switching tube is connected to the first resistor, the collector of the first switching tube is connected to the working voltage through the second resistor, the collector of the first switching tube is connected to the base of the second switching tube through the third resistor, the emitter of the first switching tube is grounded, and the two ends of the fourth resistor are respectively connected to the base of the second switching tube and the emitter of the second switching tube; the collector of the second switching tube is connected to the collector of the third switching tube through the fifth resistor, the collector of the second switching tube is connected to the working voltage through the sixth resistor, and the emitter of the second switching tube is connected to the working voltage through the seventh resistor; the emitter of the third switching tube is grounded, and the base of the third switching tube is grounded after passing through the eighth resistor and the ninth resistor connected in series.

[0010] Furthermore, the sensor unit includes a plurality of temperature sensors, and the model of the temperature sensors is DS18B20.

[0011] Furthermore, the multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit also includes an integrated driver chip, which is connected to multiple temperature sensors respectively. The model of the integrated driver chip is L9110S.

[0012] Furthermore, the communication unit includes a 485 communication circuit, a TCP / IP network communication circuit and a wireless communication circuit, and the MCU chip is connected to the 485 communication circuit, the TCP / IP network communication circuit and the wireless communication circuit respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the 485 communication circuit includes an optocoupler isolation circuit and a 485 circuit connected to the optocoupler isolation circuit.

[0014] Furthermore, the TCP / IP network communication circuit includes a network communication module, and the model of the network communication module is ZLSN3007S.

[0015] Furthermore, the wireless communication circuit includes a wireless communication module, and the model of the wireless communication module is TAS-LTE-364.

[0016] Furthermore, the grain condition detection equipment also includes a power supply circuit, which includes a power supply voltage regulator chip. The power supply voltage regulator chip is connected to the MCU chip, and the model of the power supply voltage regulator chip is URB2405S-6WR3.

[0017] The beneficial effects achieved by the utility model are:

[0018] The utility model provides a grain condition detection device, comprising a monitoring main station, a grain condition host, a grain condition extension, and a sensor unit, wherein the grain condition extension is respectively connected to the output end of the sensor unit and the input end of the grain condition host; the grain condition host is respectively connected to the output end of the grain condition extension and the input end of the monitoring main station; the grain condition extension comprises a central processing unit, a multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit, and a communication unit; the central processing unit is respectively connected to the multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit and the communication unit; the sensor unit is used to monitor the internal temperature of the grain pile and the humidity of the granary; the grain condition extension is responsible for collecting, processing, and forwarding the temperature data and humidity data monitored by the sensor unit; the grain condition host is responsible for centrally managing the grain condition extension and uploading the temperature data and humidity data to the monitoring main station. The multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit is used to collect multi-channel temperature and humidity data; the central processing unit is used to collect the multi-channel temperature and humidity data collected by the multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit and forward it to the grain condition host via the communication unit. The grain condition detection equipment provided by the utility model has low production cost and high degree of automation; it adopts a multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit, has good compatibility, and can read data from thousands of temperature sensors at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a functional block diagram of the grain condition detection equipment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a functional block diagram of the first embodiment of the grain information extension in the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is the hardware framework diagram of the second embodiment of the grain information extension in the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the central processing unit of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of a multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit in the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the communication unit in the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the power supply circuit in the utility model.

[0026] 10. Monitoring main station; 20. Grain condition host; 30. Grain condition extension; 40. Sensor unit; 31. Central processing unit; 32. Multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit; 33. Communication unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first embodiment of the present invention proposes a grain condition detection device, including a monitoring main station 10, a grain condition host 20, a grain condition extension 30 and a sensor unit 40, wherein the grain condition extension 30 is respectively connected to the output end of the sensor unit 40 and the input end of the grain condition host 20; the grain condition host 20 is respectively connected to the output end of the grain condition extension 30 and the input end of the monitoring main station 10, the grain condition extension 30 includes a central processing unit 31, a multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit 32 and a communication unit 33, the central processing unit 31 is respectively connected to the multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit 32 and the communication unit 33, the sensor unit 40 is used to realize the monitoring of the internal temperature of the grain pile and the monitoring of the humidity of the granary; the grain condition extension 30 is responsible for collecting, processing and forwarding the temperature data and humidity data monitored by the sensor unit 40; the grain condition host 20 is responsible for centrally managing the grain condition extension 30, and uploading the temperature data and humidity data to the monitoring main station 10. The multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit 32 is used to collect multiple channels of temperature and humidity data. The central processing unit 31 is used to collect the multiple channels of temperature and humidity data collected by the multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit 32 and forward it to the grain condition host 20 via the communication unit 33. In this embodiment, the monitoring master station 10, the grain condition host 20, the grain condition extension 30, and the sensor unit 40 can utilize existing devices. The central processing unit 31, the multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit 32, and the communication unit 33 can utilize existing functional modules. For example, using an existing single-chip microcomputer for the central processing unit 31 and an existing wireless communication module or an existing wired communication module for the communication unit 33 are all within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0029] Further, see Figures 1 to 7In the grain condition detection equipment provided in this embodiment, the central processing unit 31 includes an MCU chip U10, and the model of the MCU chip U10 is TM32F103VET6. The multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit 32 includes multiple temperature and humidity acquisition modules. In this embodiment, one of the temperature and humidity acquisition modules includes a first switch tube Q4, a second switch tube Q8, a third switch tube Q12, a first resistor R8, a second resistor R16, a third resistor R20, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R36, a sixth resistor R29, a seventh resistor R24, an eighth resistor R32 and a ninth resistor R12. The base of the first switch tube Q4 is connected to the first resistor R8, the collector of the first switch tube Q4 is connected to the operating voltage +5V through the second resistor R16, and the collector of the first switch tube Q4 is connected to the first resistor R20 through the third resistor R36. The base of the second switching transistor Q8 is connected, the emitter of the first switching transistor Q4 is grounded, and the two ends of the fourth resistor R4 are connected to the base and emitter of the second switching transistor Q8, respectively. The collector of the second switching transistor Q8 is connected to the collector of the third switching transistor Q12 via the fifth resistor R36. The collector of the second switching transistor Q8 is connected to the operating voltage +5V via the sixth resistor R29. The emitter of the second switching transistor Q8 is connected to the operating voltage +5V via the seventh resistor R24. The emitter of the third switching transistor Q12 is grounded, and the base of the third switching transistor Q12 is connected to ground via the eighth resistor R32 and the ninth resistor R12 connected in series. The grain condition detection device provided in this embodiment uses a multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition module to separately collect temperature data collected by multiple temperature sensors in the sensor unit 40, with low manufacturing cost and high degree of automation. The use of a multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit has good compatibility and can simultaneously read data from thousands of temperature sensors.

[0030] Further, see Figures 1 to 7In the grain condition detection device provided in this embodiment, the sensor unit 40 includes multiple temperature sensors, the model of which is DS18B20. The multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit 32 also includes an integrated driver chip TC2, which is connected to each of the multiple temperature sensors, and the model of the integrated driver chip TC2 is L9110S. The integrated driver chip TC2 is used to provide current when the current supply is insufficient during temperature conversion. The communication unit 33 includes a 485 communication circuit, a TCP / IP network communication circuit, and a wireless communication circuit. The MCU chip is connected to the 485 communication circuit, the TCP / IP network communication circuit, and the wireless communication circuit, respectively. The 485 communication circuit includes an optocoupler isolation circuit and a 485 circuit connected to the optocoupler isolation circuit. The TCP / IP network communication circuit includes a network communication module, and the model of the network communication module is ZLSN3007S. Preferably, the wireless communication circuit includes a wireless communication module, and the model of the wireless communication module is TAS-LTE-364. The grain condition detection device also includes a power supply circuit, which includes a power supply voltage regulator chip connected to the MCU chip. The power supply voltage regulator chip used is the URB2405S-6WR3. The grain condition detection device provided in this embodiment uses an integrated driver chip to provide current when the current supply is insufficient during temperature conversion, thereby enabling simultaneous reading of data from thousands of temperature sensors.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the grain condition detection device provided in this embodiment has the following working principle:

[0032] Internal grain silo temperature monitoring: N temperature measurement cables (DS18B20 temperature sensors) are inserted into the grain. Each cable has N built-in temperature measurement points. Each cable is connected via a two-stage parallel multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition module. The multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition module converts the temperature cable signals into wired signals and transmits them via the network to the monitoring master station 10, enabling the grain warehouse software to monitor the internal temperature of the grain pile.

[0033] The grain condition sub-machine can collect temperature and humidity data collected by the temperature and humidity sensors to detect the temperature and humidity inside and outside the granary.

[0034] (1) The grain status sub-machine is responsible for collecting, processing and forwarding data from temperature and humidity sensors, including temperature data under the grain pile; temperature and humidity data inside the warehouse; and temperature and humidity data outside the warehouse.

[0035] (2) The grain information host is responsible for centrally managing the grain information extensions and uploading relevant data to the monitoring main station 10, which is completed using an MCU chip (STM32F103VET6) and a PCB board.

[0036] 1. Grain Information Extension Function

[0037] (1) Data collection function

[0038] This system collects data on temperature under the grain pile, temperature and humidity inside the warehouse, and temperature and humidity outside the warehouse. It has eight data collection channels and can collect data from up to 1,200 sensors simultaneously.

[0039] (2) Extension communication function

[0040] The grain information extension can achieve network communication with third-party devices through wired means, and a wireless hardware interface is reserved.

[0041] (3) Status information collection

[0042] The grain status extension can read the extension's own status information as well as the sensor data and status information of the temperature measuring cable through the management software.

[0043] (4) Set the line sequence

[0044] The temperature measuring cable sensors can be numbered.

[0045] (5) Host status check

[0046] Confirm whether the host is working properly through the reply of the heartbeat packet.

[0047] (6) Set the IP address

[0048] Can set IPV4 address.

[0049] (7) Set the line sequence

[0050] Able to set the line sequence of the temperature measurement line connected to the extension.

[0051] (8) Read line sequence

[0052] Read the line sequence of the temperature measurement line connected to the extension.

[0053] 2. Grain Information Host Function

[0054] (1) Host function

[0055] The grain information host 20 can communicate with third-party devices, including servers and mobile phones (tablets), via wired or wireless (4G or 5G) networks. It supports the MQTT protocol and communicates with the monitoring master station 10. The grain information host 20 can also be configured with extension IP addresses and other functions.

[0056] (2) Setting and reading acquisition cycle function

[0057] The grain information host 20 supports the setting and acquisition of data collection cycles of extensions through the network.

[0058] (3) Heartbeat sending

[0059] By receiving the heartbeat packet of grain information extension 30, the software version, extension number, network address and firmware version information are parsed.

[0060] (4) Setting the extension network address function

[0061] The extension network configuration parameter information is sent down through the monitoring master station 10.

[0062] (5) Data collection function

[0063] Able to obtain the temperature and humidity data of the extension connected to the host.

[0064] (6) Read the line sequence of the specified extension

[0065] The monitoring master station 10 issues a command to read the line sequence of a designated extension, which is parsed by the grain information host 20 and sent to the designated grain information extension 30, which then uploads the information.

[0066] (7) Read extension status

[0067] After the monitoring main station 10 issues an instruction to read the status of the designated grain information extension, the instruction is parsed by the grain information host 20 and sent to the designated grain information extension 30, which then uploads the status information.

[0068] The equipment hardware consists of power supply circuit, central processing unit, 8-channel temperature and humidity acquisition module, 2-channel 485 communication circuit, one TCP / IP network communication circuit, one wireless (4G or 5G) communication circuit, indication circuit, timing circuit and storage circuit, etc. Figure 3 shown.

[0069] 3. Power supply circuit design

[0070] The input is direct current (DC) 9V-36V, and a stable VCC-5V DC is output through the anti-reverse polarity diode (D20), current limiting self-recovery fuse (F2), common-mode filter circuit (FL1), and switching voltage regulator module URB2405S-6WR3 (U13), providing power to the 8-channel data acquisition module, TCP / IP network communication circuit (ZL1) and wireless (4G or 5G) communication circuit.

[0071] Based on VCC-5V DC, another switching voltage regulator module B0505LS-1W (U12) outputs 5VB DC to supply power to two 485 peripheral isolation circuits to reduce external interference.

[0072] The core power supply is 3V3, which supplies the central processing unit, indication circuit, timing circuit and storage circuit, etc. This power supply is +5V and is output by the U11 power chip AMS1117-3.3 linear regulated voltage to further improve the stability performance.

[0073] 4. Single-chip microcomputer minimum system design

[0074] The core of the STM32F103VET6 (LQFP-100) is based on the ARM architecture, 32 bits, and has 256KB to 512KB of Flash storage space. It is a high-performance single-chip microcomputer. On this basis, program code can be written according to needs to process, save data and drive peripherals to meet user requirements. Figure 4 shown.

[0075] 5. Multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit design

[0076] The device is designed with 8 data acquisition channels, which are mainly used to collect data from temperature sensors and humidity sensors. Each channel port of this device acts as a data bus to drive 64 DS18B20 temperature sensors. There are many types of driving methods. The most common circuit using DS18B20 multi-point temperature measurement currently drives a maximum of 8 DS18B20 chips on one data bus. To achieve driving more DS18B20 chips on one bus, the most important problem is the load capacity of the channel port. Multi-point temperature measurement circuit experiments have shown that when the number of DS18B20 chips on the same data bus is greater than 8, it will not work properly. This is because the power consumed by the DS18B20 chip when executing temperature conversion instructions and only transmitting data is different. Therefore, an L9110S integrated driver chip is added to this device to provide a solution to the problem of insufficient current supply when performing temperature conversion. The circuit is designed as follows: Figure 5 shown.

[0077] 6. 485 communication circuit design

[0078] This device considers that 485 communication is a multi-purpose circuit. In addition to meeting the needs of DS18B20 temperature and humidity measurement, it can also be used for debugging, inter-level communication and networking requirements. It uses optical coupler isolation ISP281A (U4, U5 and U7, etc.) to more effectively filter out interference and improve circuit reliability. In this embodiment, two 485 communication circuits are designed according to the equipment requirements, such as Figure 6 shown.

[0079] 7. TCP / IP network communication circuit design

[0080] The ZLSN3007S is a "super network port" that converts TTL-level serial ports to Ethernet. It comes with a built-in network transformer and RJ45 network port, making it easy to connect microcontrollers and various TTL-level serial devices to the network. The TTL level must be 3.3V. The ZLSN3007S utilizes Shanghai ZLAN's 7th-generation product technology, offering excellent features such as low hardware power consumption, an industrial-grade temperature range, and a higher cost-performance ratio.

[0081] 8. Wireless (4G or 5G) communication circuit design

[0082] The wireless (4G or 5G) communication circuit uses the TAS-LTE-364 module, which is only used on the host board to enable network communication between the grain information host and third-party devices.

[0083] Compared with the prior art, the grain condition detection equipment provided in this embodiment adopts a monitoring main station, a grain condition host, a grain condition extension, and a sensor unit, wherein the grain condition extension is respectively connected to the output end of the sensor unit and the input end of the grain condition host; the grain condition host is respectively connected to the output end of the grain condition extension and the input end of the monitoring main station; the grain condition extension includes a central processing unit, a multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit, and a communication unit, and the central processing unit is respectively connected to the multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit and the communication unit. The sensor unit is used to monitor the internal temperature of the grain pile and the humidity of the granary; the grain condition extension is responsible for collecting, processing, and forwarding the temperature data and humidity data monitored by the sensor unit; the grain condition host is responsible for centrally managing the grain condition extension and uploading the temperature data and humidity data to the monitoring main station. The multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit is used to collect multi-channel temperature and humidity data; the central processing unit is used to collect multi-channel temperature and humidity data collected by the multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit and forward it to the grain condition host through the communication unit. The grain condition detection equipment provided in this embodiment has low production cost and high degree of automation; it adopts a multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit, has good compatibility, and can read data from thousands of temperature sensors at the same time.

[0084] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they are aware of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention. Clearly, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, to the extent such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to encompass such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A grain condition detection device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a monitoring main station (10), a grain condition host (20), a grain condition extension (30) and a sensor unit (40), wherein the grain condition extension (30) is respectively connected to the output end of the sensor unit (40) and the input end of the grain condition host (20); the grain condition host (20) is respectively connected to the output end of the grain condition extension (30) and the input end of the monitoring main station (10); the grain condition extension (30) comprises a central processing unit (31), a multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit (32) and a communication unit (33); the central processing unit (31) is respectively connected to the multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit (32) and the communication unit (33); The multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit (32) includes a multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition module, each channel of the temperature and humidity acquisition module includes a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor and a ninth resistor, the base of the first switch tube is connected to the first resistor, the collector of the first switch tube is connected to the working voltage through the second resistor, the collector of the first switch tube is connected to the base of the second switch tube through the third resistor, the emitter of the first switch tube is grounded, and the two ends of the fourth resistor are respectively connected to the base of the second switch tube and the emitter of the second switch tube; the collector of the second switch tube is connected to the collector of the third switch tube through the fifth resistor, the collector of the second switch tube is connected to the working voltage through the sixth resistor, and the emitter of the second switch tube is connected to the working voltage through the seventh resistor; the emitter of the third switch tube is grounded, and the base of the third switch tube is grounded after passing through the eighth resistor and the ninth resistor connected in series.

2. The grain condition detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central processing unit (31) includes an MCU chip.

3. The grain condition detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sensor unit (40) includes a plurality of temperature sensors.

4. The grain condition detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The multi-channel temperature and humidity acquisition circuit (32) further includes an integrated driver chip, and the integrated driver chip is respectively connected to the plurality of temperature sensors.

5. The grain condition detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The communication unit (33) includes a 485 communication circuit, a TCP / IP network communication circuit and a wireless communication circuit, and the MCU chip is connected to the 485 communication circuit, the TCP / IP network communication circuit and the wireless communication circuit respectively.

6. The grain condition detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The 485 communication circuit includes an optocoupler isolation circuit and a 485 circuit connected to the optocoupler isolation circuit.

7. The grain condition detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The TCP / IP network communication circuit includes a network communication module.

8. The grain condition detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wireless communication circuit includes a wireless communication module.

9. The grain condition detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The grain condition detection device further includes a power supply circuit, which includes a power supply voltage stabilizing chip, and the power supply voltage stabilizing chip is connected to the MCU chip.

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