Monitoring device for monitoring over-machine suspended load sediment grading of water turbine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sediment grading monitoring device for a water turbine, which relates to the technical field of flowing water quality sediment characteristic monitoring and comprises a single chip microcomputer and a plurality of monitoring pipe sections which are sequentially connected, and each monitoring pipe section is sequentially provided with a filter screen, a turbidity sensor and an ultrasonic oscillator. The ultrasonic oscillator and the turbidity sensor are connected with the single chip microcomputer. The filter screen is used for filtering suspended load silt with different particle sizes step by step, the turbidity sensor and the ultrasonic oscillator are used for monitoring the sand content in front of and behind the filter screen and further calculating the difference value of the sand content in front of and behind the filter screen, and the single-chip microcomputer collects data such as particle size data, the sand content and the mass percentage of a certain particle size of the filter screen and is used for statistical analysis of grading of the suspended load silt passing through the machine. The device can monitor and analyze the grading of the sediment passing through the water turbine in real time, greatly enhances the reliability of data, reduces the consumption of human resources, further provides technical support for the safe and efficient operation of the water turbine, and reduces the operation cost of an enterprise.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of monitoring water quality and sediment characteristics, in particular to a monitoring device for monitoring the gradation of suspended sediment passing through a turbine. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the commonly used sediment gradation detection technologies include manual sampling methods: technicians use professional sampling instruments (such as water samplers, grab samplers, etc.) to collect water samples containing sediment at different depths and locations at the turbine water inlet or specific water intake points. The water samples are then brought back to the laboratory and the sediment is separated through sedimentation, filtration and other steps. After that, the sieving method is used to screen the sediment using standard sieves with different apertures, and the sediment gradation is determined based on the retention of sediment of different particle sizes on each sieve. Electrical impedance method: The sediment gradation is judged based on the effect of sediment particles on current conduction in water. When electrodes are set in a water body containing sediment and an electric field is applied, sediment of different particle sizes and concentrations will change the electrical impedance characteristics of the water body. The sediment gradation is analyzed by measuring the changes in electrical impedance between electrodes and combining them with the corresponding theoretical model.

[0003] However, these two existing technologies have the following problems:

[0004] Although the principle of manual sampling is simple, it has the following problems: manual operation is labor-intensive, and it is difficult to ensure the comprehensiveness and representativeness of the sampling. Different sampling points and sampling times may lead to large deviations in the results.

[0005] The electrical impedance method has high requirements on the electrodes. The electrodes are easily corroded and polarized. In addition, changes in the electrolyte concentration in the water flow will also interfere with the measurement results, requiring complex compensation and calibration.

[0006] In the current field of turbine sediment gradation testing, manual sampling is a relatively primitive and widely used method. This manual sampling method is extremely complex, requiring significant manpower and time, from preliminary preparation to the actual sampling process. During the preparation phase, professionals are required to determine sampling points and prepare sampling tools, and the selection and calibration of these sampling tools is itself a complex task. During the sampling process, technicians must collect sediment-containing water samples at various depths and locations at the turbine inlet or other relevant locations based on experience and established rules. This process requires extensive professional knowledge and practical experience to ensure scientific and reasonable sampling. However, even experienced personnel cannot fully guarantee sampling accuracy due to the high degree of subjectivity and uncertainty in the selection of different sampling points and times.

[0007] As a result of this uncertainty, the collected water samples often fail to fully and accurately reflect the actual gradation of the turbine's sediment, resulting in significant deviations in the results. Furthermore, since the water samples must be taken back to the laboratory for subsequent analysis after manual sampling, the time lag between the samples makes it impossible to reflect the dynamic changes in the turbine's sediment gradation in real time. This delay is a serious drawback for turbine systems that need to adjust operating parameters according to sediment conditions, potentially leading to increased equipment wear and reduced operating efficiency.

[0008] Furthermore, the high labor costs of manual sampling are a significant issue. As time passes and testing needs increase, these labor costs accumulate, placing a heavy burden on companies. Furthermore, frequent manual operations can introduce human error, further impacting the reliability of test results. Utility Model Content

[0009] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a monitoring device for monitoring the gradation of suspended sediment passing through a turbine, which can realize online monitoring without frequent manual intervention.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0011] A monitoring device for monitoring the gradation of suspended sediment passing through a turbine comprises a single-chip microcomputer and a plurality of monitoring pipe sections connected in sequence. Each monitoring pipe section is provided with a filter, an ultrasonic oscillator and a turbidity sensor in sequence. The ultrasonic oscillator and the turbidity sensor are both connected to the single-chip microcomputer.

[0012] In a specific embodiment, the number of the ultrasonic oscillator and the number of the turbidity sensor are 1-2 respectively.

[0013] In a specific embodiment, the two ultrasonic oscillators and the two turbidity sensors are arranged opposite to each other in the radial direction of the monitoring pipe section.

[0014] In a specific embodiment, the ultrasonic oscillator and the turbidity sensor are arranged at 90° in the radial direction of the monitoring pipe section.

[0015] In a specific embodiment, the pore size of the filter on each monitoring pipe section is different.

[0016] In a specific embodiment, each monitoring pipe section is detachably connected to each other.

[0017] In a specific embodiment, each monitoring pipe section is connected via a flange.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The structure of the utility model is simple and of low manufacturing cost. It can continuously and in real time monitor the water quality and sediment, and can obtain more comprehensive and accurate data, which greatly enhances the reliability of the data while reducing the consumption of human resources, lowering the operating costs of the enterprise, and providing a strong guarantee for the safe and efficient operation of the turbine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the monitoring pipe section of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the monitoring pipe section of the utility model.

[0023] As shown in the figure:

[0024] 1. Monitoring pipe section, 2. Filter, 3. Ultrasonic oscillator, 4. Turbidity sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 A monitoring device for monitoring the suspended sediment gradation of a turbine's flow through a turbine comprises multiple monitoring pipe sections 1, connected in sequence by flanges. A filter screen 2 is installed between two monitoring pipe sections 1, and the flange connections are sealed with sealing rings to prevent leakage. The inlet of the first monitoring pipe section 1 is connected to the turbine's water inlet. A pair of turbidity sensors and a pair of ultrasonic oscillators 3 are installed in sequence on the first monitoring pipe section 1.

[0027] The filter screen 2 is a micron-grade filter screen. The aperture of the filter screen 2 on each monitoring pipe section 1 is different, and becomes smaller in sequence according to the water flow direction in the monitoring pipe section 1 (the aperture is the largest at the inlet and the smallest at the outlet), so as to filter sediment of different particle sizes in sequence.

[0028] The filter screen 2 is circular and made of stainless steel / low-carbon steel wire material. It is wrapped with a metal shell in the circumference. The diameter of the filter screen 2 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the monitoring pipe section 1. The filter screen 2 is arranged between the flanges of the two monitoring pipe sections 1 for easy installation and maintenance.

[0029] A pair of turbidity sensors 4 are also mounted radially opposite to each other on the monitoring pipe section 1. The line connecting the two turbidity sensors 4 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane within the pipe, equivalent to one turbidity sensor 4 being located at the bottom of the water flow within the pipe and the other at the top. The two turbidity sensors 4 measure the turbidity of the water flow in the pipe at the top and bottom, respectively. When calculating the turbidity within the pipe, the average of the data collected from the two is taken, resulting in a more accurate turbidity measurement. The connection between the turbidity sensor 4 and the outer wall of the monitoring pipe section 1 is sealed with a waterproof ring made of NBR rubber.

[0030] A pair of ultrasonic oscillators 3 are mounted radially opposite each other on the monitoring pipe section 1, with the line connecting the two ultrasonic oscillators 3 parallel to the horizontal plane within the pipe. The ultrasonic oscillators 3 are positioned on the monitoring pipe section 1 behind the turbidity sensor 4 to minimize any interference with the turbidity measurement of the water flow by the turbidity sensor 4.

[0031] The utility model also includes a single-chip microcontroller, the STC89C52, which is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 8KB of in-system programmable Flash memory. The STC89C52 single-chip microcontroller combines a compact 8-bit CPU and in-system programmable Flash memory on a single chip. It also includes 8KB of Flash, 512KB of RAM, 32-bit I / O lines, a watchdog timer, a built-in 4KB BEEPROM, a MAX810 reset circuit, three 16-bit timer / counters, a 6-vector 2-level interrupt structure, and a full-duplex serial port.

[0032] The single chip microcomputer is connected to the ultrasonic oscillator 3 and the turbidity sensor 4, and is connected to a host computer (computer) via a wireless transmission module, such as a 4G module, and uses a lithium battery as a power source.

[0033] When in use, the device is connected to the water inlet of the turbine and powered on. The single-chip microcomputer transmits the data collected by the turbidity sensor 4 to the computer, which calculates the turbidity of the water flowing in the pipe. The single-chip microcomputer controls the intermittent operation of the ultrasonic oscillator 3 (it does not operate when the turbidity sensor 4 is collecting data) to prevent sediment deposition in the pipe. The host computer analyzes data such as particle size, sand content, and the mass percentage of a certain particle size to statistically analyze the sediment gradation passing through the machine. The specific analysis method is as follows:

[0034] The relationship between turbidity and sediment content is:

[0035] Q = f(P);

[0036] Then, the reduction in sediment content from the first filter to the second filter is:

[0037] ΔQ1=Q0-Q1=f(P0)-f(P1);

[0038] Where Q0 is the initial sediment content; Q1 is the amount of sediment after passing through the first filter; f() is the turbidity; f(P0) is the turbidity before the first filter; f(P1) is the turbidity before the second filter;

[0039] Since the aperture of the first filter layer is d1, the particle size of the sand and gravel screened out by the first filter layer is larger than d1, and the content is ΔQ1.

[0040] Similarly,

[0041] After the water flows through the second filter, the reduction in sediment content is:

[0042] ΔQ2=Q1-Q2=f(P1)-f(P2);

[0043] Correspondingly, the content of gravel particles with a diameter between d2 and d3 is ΔQ2, and so on, the content of gravel particles with a diameter between d2 and d3, d3 and d4...d n-1 and d n The content between them is ΔQ3, ΔQ4... ΔQ n . The particle size is smaller than d n The gravel content is:

[0044] Q a =f(P n );

[0045] And there are

[0046]

[0047] As shown in Table 1, it is the correspondence table of sediment content change and sediment gradation;

[0048] Table 1 Correspondence between sediment content change and sediment gradation

[0049] Particle size range <![CDATA[[d1,+∞)]]> <![CDATA[[d2,d1)]]> …… <![CDATA[[d n ,d n-1 )]]> <![CDATA[(0,d n )]]> Corresponding sediment content <![CDATA[ΔQ1]]> <![CDATA[ΔQ2]]> …… <![CDATA[ΔQ n ]]> <![CDATA[Q a ]]>

[0050] The present invention uses specific embodiments to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A monitoring device for monitoring the suspended sediment gradation of a turbine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a single chip microcomputer and a plurality of monitoring pipe sections (1) connected in sequence, wherein each monitoring pipe section (1) is provided with a filter (2), a turbidity sensor (4) and an ultrasonic oscillator (3) in sequence, and the ultrasonic oscillator (3) and the turbidity sensor (4) are both connected to the single chip microcomputer.

2. A monitoring device for monitoring suspended sediment gradation during turbine operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are 1-2 ultrasonic oscillators (3) and turbidity sensors (4).

3. A monitoring device for monitoring suspended sediment gradation during turbine operation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two ultrasonic oscillators (3) and the two turbidity sensors (4) are arranged opposite to each other in the radial direction of the monitoring pipe section (1).

4. A monitoring device for monitoring suspended sediment gradation during turbine operation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ultrasonic oscillator (3) and the turbidity sensor (4) are arranged at an angle of 90° in the radial direction of the monitoring pipe section (1).

5. The monitoring device for monitoring the suspended sediment gradation of a turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pore size of the filter screen (2) on each monitoring pipe section (1) is different.

6. The monitoring device for monitoring the suspended sediment gradation of a turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each monitoring pipe section (1) is detachably connected.

7. A monitoring device for monitoring suspended sediment gradation during passage through a turbine according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each monitoring pipe section (1) is connected via a flange.

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