Ecological bank protection structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ecological bank protection structure which comprises a bank and fish nest bricks, a bank top area, a fish nest area and a bottom protection area are sequentially arranged on the surface of the bank from top to bottom, baffles are anchored to the bottom and the top of the fish nest area through anchor rods, and the fish nest bricks are laid between the baffles on the upper side and the lower side in a staggered mode. The fish nest brick comprises a brick body, at least two through holes are formed in the brick body in the length direction, a protrusion matched with the through holes is formed on the lower surface of the brick body, and a limiting groove and a limiting block which are matched with each other are formed on the two sides of the brick body in the width direction respectively. A self-locking connection structure is formed by staggered occlusion of the fish nest bricks, so that the structural stability is good; the inhabiting space of aquatic animals is increased, and the ecology is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of river ecological restoration, and specifically designs an ecological bank protection structure. Background Art

[0002] At present, the bank protection constructed on existing river channels is more based on the aspects of river safety and landscape beautification, and is purely based on the perspective of hydrology, hydraulics and hydraulic engineering, with little consideration of biological factors. The final restoration effect does not help to improve the biodiversity in the river basin.

[0003] However, existing revetment structures have the following problems: First, they completely sever the relationship between water and soil, destroying the resource and ecological functions of the river. Second, they encroach on the habitats of fish, shrimp and other organisms, destroying the living environment of aquatic organisms. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides an ecological bank protection structure which can meet the requirements of stability and ecology.

[0005] An ecological revetment structure includes a bank and fish nest bricks. The bank is provided with a crest area, a fish nest area, and a bottom protection area in order from top to bottom. Baffles are anchored at the bottom and top of the fish nest area by anchor rods. The fish nest bricks are staggered and laid between the baffles on the upper and lower sides.

[0006] The fish nest brick includes a brick body, at least two through holes are formed in the length direction of the brick body, a protrusion is formed on the lower surface of the brick body and matches the through holes, and matching limit grooves and limit blocks are formed on both sides of the brick body in the width direction.

[0007] Furthermore, the protrusion is located on the brick body between any two adjacent through holes.

[0008] Furthermore, the number of the through holes is two, and the two through holes are symmetrically arranged.

[0009] Furthermore, the limiting groove and the limiting block are arranged on the symmetry axes of the two through holes.

[0010] Furthermore, the size of the protrusion is consistent with the size of the through hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the size of the protrusion gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the size of the upper end of the protrusion is consistent with the size of the through hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the fish nest bricks are made of concrete.

[0013] Furthermore, the embankment top area includes a coarse sand layer, a non-woven fabric layer, a crushed stone cushion layer, and a polyurethane crushed stone layer laid in sequence from bottom to top.

[0014] Beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. The ecological revetment structure described in the present application is composed of a bank and a crest area, a fish nest area and a bottom protection area on the bank, wherein the fish nest area is self-lockingly connected by staggered bite between fish nest bricks, and after laying, the fish nest bricks adjacent to the left and right and adjacent to the top and bottom can be locked with each other, and the structure has good stability. Under the impact of large waves, the revetment bricks locked with each other can make the overall structure of the ecological revetment structure more stable. At the same time, the through holes provided in the fish nest bricks increase the habitat space for aquatic animals, and the ecology is good.

[0016] 2. The embankment top area described in this application adopts a polyurethane sticky stone structure formed by a coarse sand layer, a non-woven fabric layer, a gravel cushion layer, and a polyurethane gravel layer laid in sequence from bottom to top, forming a three-dimensional open integrated stable structure with a porosity equal to or slightly higher than the natural porosity of bulk granular materials, which is conducive to consuming the impact energy of water flow, and the porous structure supplemented by vegetation planting is conducive to repairing the slope habitat; at the same time, the porous permeable structure between the natural gravel is retained, so the ability of the bank protection to dissipate and absorb wave impact force has been greatly improved compared with traditional methods, which can reduce the wave climb and reduce the occurrence of wave over the embankment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the fish nest brick from one perspective;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the fish nest brick from another perspective;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the fish nest brick;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the coordination of fish nest bricks in the up and down directions;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the coordination of fish nest bricks in the left and right directions;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the dike top area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figure 1-Figure 7As shown, an ecological revetment structure includes a bank 1 and fish nest bricks 7, characterized in that a bank top area 2, a fish nest area 3, and a bottom protection area 4 are sequentially arranged on the surface of the bank 1 from top to bottom, baffles 5 are anchored at the bottom and top of the fish nest area 3 by anchor rods 6, and the fish nest bricks 7 are staggered and laid between the baffles 5 on the upper and lower sides;

[0026] The fish nest brick 7 includes a brick body 71, and two through holes 72 are formed in the length direction of the brick body 71. The number of the through holes 72 is two, and the two through holes 72 are symmetrically arranged. A protrusion 73 that matches the through hole 72 is formed on the lower surface of the brick body 71. The protrusion 73 is located on the brick body 71 between two adjacent through holes 72. Matching limiting grooves 74 and limiting blocks 75 are respectively formed on both sides of the brick body 71 in the width direction.

[0027] from Figure 5 and Figure 6 It can be seen that in this embodiment, the fish nest bricks 7 adjacent in the left and right directions are locked to each other through the cooperation of the limit groove 74 and the limit block 75, and the fish nest bricks 7 adjacent in the upper and lower directions are locked to each other through the through hole 72 and the protrusion 73. After laying, the fish nest bricks adjacent to the left and right and adjacent to the upper and lower can be locked to each other, so that the fish nest area 3 forms a self-locking connection structure through the staggered bite between the fish nest bricks 7, and the structural stability is good. Under the impact of large waves, the revetment bricks that are locked to each other can make the overall structure of the ecological revetment structure more stable. At the same time, the through holes set in the fish nest bricks increase the habitat space for aquatic animals, and the ecology is good.

[0028] Preferably, the limiting grooves 74 and the limiting blocks 75 are arranged on the symmetric axes of the two through holes 72. This arrangement can effectively reduce the change in the structural strength of the fish nest bricks 7 caused by the setting of the limiting grooves 74, and at the same time, the adjacent fish nest bricks 7 on the left and right sides can be laid more conveniently during construction, and the revetment structure can be made more beautiful after laying.

[0029] In some embodiments, the size of the protrusion 73 is consistent with the size of the through hole 72. In this way, the cooperation between the through hole 72 and the protrusion 73 can ensure a certain pulling force between two adjacent fish nest bricks 7 in the vertical direction. At the same time, under the action of the gravity of the fish nest bricks 7, the adjacent fish nest bricks 7 can be locked with each other, thereby improving the impact resistance of the bank protection structure and making the overall structure of the ecological bank protection structure more stable.

[0030] In some embodiments, the size of the protrusion 73 gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the size of the upper end of the protrusion 73 is consistent with the size of the through hole 72. By gradually decreasing the size of the protrusion 73 from top to bottom, the construction difficulty can be reduced and the construction efficiency can be improved when laying the fish nest bricks 7 in the vertical direction.

[0031] In this embodiment, the fish nest bricks 7 are cast by concrete to reduce the difficulty of production.

[0032] It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the shapes of the fish nest bricks 7, the limiting grooves 74, the limiting blocks 75, the through holes 72, and the protrusions 73, as long as the fish nest bricks adjacent to each other in the left and right sides and adjacent to each other in the upper and lower sides can be locked with each other. For example, the fish nest bricks 7 can be rectangular, pentagonal, or other polygonal structures, the cross-sections of the through holes 72 and the protrusions 74 can be circular, triangular, rectangular, pentagonal, or other polygonal structures, and the cross-section of the limiting grooves 74 can be C-shaped, U-shaped, rectangular, pentagonal, or other polygonal structures, etc.

[0033] See attached Figure 7 The embankment top area 2 is composed of a coarse sand layer 21, a non-woven fabric layer 22, a crushed stone cushion layer 23, and a polyurethane crushed stone cushion layer 24 laid in sequence from bottom to top.

[0034] The dike top area 2 utilizes a polyurethane adhesive stone structure consisting of a coarse sand layer 21, a non-woven fabric layer 22, a gravel cushion layer 23, and a polyurethane gravel layer 24. The structure comprises a surface protective layer and an internal filter layer. The protective layer is a 10-cm-thick polyurethane gravel layer 24. The filter layer, from top to bottom, consists of a 10-cm-thick gravel cushion layer 23, a non-woven fabric layer 22, and a 10-cm-thick coarse sand layer 21. The gravel cushion layer 23 prevents the gel-like polyurethane from directly contacting the non-woven fabric and clogging the permeable pores, thereby weakening the filter effect.

[0035] Mixing polyurethane and granular aggregate is similar to mixing concrete; after approximately 3-5 minutes, the mixture is ready for construction. The polyurethane begins to cure after 20 minutes at an ambient temperature of 23°C and reaches its final strength after 24-48 hours. Because the polyurethane accounts for a very small proportion of the overall system, the porous structure of the natural gravel is preserved. This significantly improves the revetment's ability to dissipate and absorb wave impact compared to traditional methods, reducing wave run-up and minimizing the risk of wave overtopping.

[0036] It can be seen that the embankment top area 2 fixes the gravel together only by polyurethane adhesive, forming a three-dimensional open integrated stable structure with a porosity equal to or slightly higher than the natural porosity of bulk granular materials, which is beneficial to consuming the impact energy of water flow, and the porous structure supplemented by vegetation planting is conducive to repairing the slope habitat.

[0037] Working principle: The fish nest area 3 of the revetment structure described in this embodiment is mutually locked by the cooperation of the fish nest bricks 7 adjacent to each other in the left and right directions through the limiting grooves 74 and the limiting blocks 75, and the fish nest bricks 7 adjacent to each other in the upper and lower directions are mutually locked through the through holes 72 and the protrusions 73. After laying, the fish nest bricks adjacent to each other in the left and right directions and adjacent to each other in the upper and lower directions can be mutually locked, so that the fish nest area 3 forms a self-locking connection structure through the staggered bite between the fish nest bricks 7, which has good structural stability. Under the impact of large waves, the revetment bricks locked with each other can make the overall structure of the ecological revetment structure more stable. At the same time, the through holes provided in the fish nest bricks increase the habitat space for aquatic animals, which has good ecological properties.

[0038] At the same time, the top area 2 of the bank protection structure adopts a polyurethane adhesive stone structure composed of a coarse sand layer 21, a non-woven fabric layer 22, a gravel cushion layer 23, and a polyurethane gravel layer 24. The gravels are fixed together only by polyurethane adhesive to form a three-dimensional open integrated stable structure. The porosity is equal to or slightly higher than the natural porosity of bulk granular materials, which is conducive to consuming the impact energy of water flow, and the porous structure is supplemented by vegetation planting, which is conducive to repairing the slope habitat.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can make various similar expressions without violating the purpose and claims of the present invention. Such changes fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological bank protection structure, comprising a bank (1) and fish nest bricks (7), characterized in that: The surface of the bank (1) is provided with a bank top area (2), a fish nest area (3) and a bottom protection area (4) in sequence from top to bottom, baffles (5) are anchored at the bottom and top of the fish nest area (3) via anchor rods (6), and the fish nest bricks (7) are staggered and laid between the baffles (5) on the upper and lower sides; The fish nest brick (7) comprises a brick body (71), at least two through holes (72) are formed in the length direction of the brick body (71), a protrusion (73) is formed on the lower surface of the brick body (71) and matches the through hole (72), and matching limiting grooves (74) and limiting blocks (75) are respectively formed on both sides of the brick body (71) in the width direction.

2. The ecological revetment structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The protrusion (73) is located on the brick body (71) between any two adjacent through holes (72).

3. The ecological revetment structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The number of the through holes (72) is two, and the two through holes (72) are symmetrically arranged.

4. The ecological revetment structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The limiting groove (74) and the limiting block (75) are arranged on the symmetry axes of the two through holes (72).

5. The ecological revetment structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The size of the protrusion (73) is consistent with the size of the through hole (72).

6. The ecological revetment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the protrusion (73) gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the size of the upper end of the protrusion (73) is consistent with the size of the through hole (72).

7. The ecological revetment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fish nest brick (7) is cast by concrete.

8. The ecological revetment structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The embankment top area (2) comprises a coarse sand layer (21), a non-woven fabric layer (22), a crushed stone cushion layer (23), and a polyurethane crushed stone layer (24) which are laid sequentially from bottom to top.

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