Fracturing wellhead water hammer wave tester

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fracturing wellhead water hammer wave tester, which relates to the technical field of petroleum physical exploration, and comprises a wellhead oil pipe buckle joint, a copper gasket, a pressure gauge and a connecting plug, the wellhead oil pipe buckle joint is connected with a wellhead; the copper gasket is arranged between the wellhead oil pipe buckling head and the pressure gauge and is used for sealing and buffering between the wellhead oil pipe buckling head and the pressure gauge; the pressure gauge is used for monitoring wellhead pressure changes in real time; the connecting plug is used for connecting the pressure gauge with an external data processing system. Based on the tester provided by the invention, the pressure change generated during underground fracturing can be accurately and reliably monitored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of petroleum physical exploration, and in particular to a fracturing wellhead water hammer wave tester. Background Art

[0002] In the oil and gas exploration and development industry, hydraulic fracturing (HF) is widely used as a key method to increase well production. During HF, high-pressure fluid is injected into the formation to create fractures and encourage the flow of oil and gas into the wellbore. However, this process is often accompanied by complex hydraulic dynamics, with water hammer being a particularly prominent issue that requires close attention.

[0003] Water hammer waves are caused by the unstable flow of fluid in pipelines, especially when the fluid velocity changes dramatically, such as when a valve suddenly closes or opens, or when a pump station starts or stops. These changes cause the pressure in the pipeline to rise or fall rapidly, resulting in severe pressure fluctuations known as water hammer waves. Water hammer waves not only cause severe mechanical shock to the pipeline system, but can also cause safety accidents such as pipeline ruptures and leaks. They also affect the effectiveness of fracturing and reduce operational efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, to ensure the safety and effectiveness of hydraulic fracturing operations, real-time monitoring and precise control of wellhead pressure are crucial. However, traditional wellhead pressure monitoring systems often suffer from low sampling rates and insufficient accuracy, making them unable to meet the real-time water hammer monitoring requirements of high-speed fracturing operations. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a fracturing wellhead water hammer wave tester that can reliably and accurately monitor downhole pressure change data.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a fracturing wellhead water hammer wave tester, comprising:

[0008] Wellhead tubing joints, copper washers, pressure gauges and connecting plugs.

[0009] The wellhead oil pipe buckle joint is used to connect the wellhead.

[0010] The copper washer is arranged between the wellhead oil pipe buckle joint and the pressure gauge, and is used for sealing and buffering between the wellhead oil pipe buckle joint and the pressure gauge.

[0011] The pressure gauge is used to monitor wellhead pressure changes in real time.

[0012] The connecting plug is used to connect the pressure gauge to an external data processing system.

[0013] Optionally, the sampling modes of the pressure gauge include: fast sampling mode, slow sampling mode and stop sampling mode; the fast sampling mode is to collect data once every 500 microseconds; the slow sampling mode is to collect data once every 1 second.

[0014] Optionally, the wellhead oil pipe buckle joint and the copper gasket adopt a hard sealing method.

[0015] Optionally, the wellhead oil pipe buckle joint and the pressure gauge adopt a threaded connection method.

[0016] Optionally, the copper washer is made of pure copper.

[0017] Optionally, the specification of the copper washer is M20×1.5.

[0018] Optionally, a connection plug protection cover is further provided on the outside of the connection plug; the connection plug protection cover is connected to the external thread of the connection plug through a thread.

[0019] Optionally, the wellhead oil pipe buckle joint is made of 17-4 stainless steel.

[0020] Optionally, the pressure gauge is made of 17-4 stainless steel.

[0021] Optionally, the external data processing system specifically includes:

[0022] A high-speed pressure acquisition and recording module, a wireless data transmission module, and data analysis software; the high-speed pressure acquisition and recording module is used to record downhole pressure change data; the wireless data transmission module is used to transmit the collected data to an external data processing system on the ground in real time; the data analysis software is used to analyze and process the data transmitted to the external data processing system to obtain downhole pressure change information.

[0023] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application discloses the following technical effects:

[0024] The present application provides a fracturing wellhead water hammer wave tester, which is composed of a wellhead oil pipe buckle joint, a copper gasket, a pressure measuring device and a connecting plug. Among them, the wellhead oil pipe buckle joint is used to connect the wellhead; the copper gasket is arranged between the wellhead oil pipe buckle joint and the pressure measuring device, and its main function is to ensure the sealing between the wellhead oil pipe buckle joint and the pressure measuring device, and to play a buffering role; the pressure measuring device is used to continuously and in real time monitor the changes in the wellhead pressure; and the connecting plug is used to effectively connect the pressure measuring device with the external data processing system. Based on the test instrument proposed in this application, it is possible to accurately and reliably monitor the pressure fluctuations generated during the downhole fracturing operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a fracturing wellhead water hammer wave tester provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a fracturing wellhead water hammer wave tester, comprising:

[0031] Wellhead tubing buckle joint, copper washer, pressure gauge and connecting plug; the wellhead tubing buckle joint is used to connect to the wellhead; the copper washer is arranged between the wellhead tubing buckle joint and the pressure gauge, and is used for sealing and buffering between the wellhead tubing buckle joint and the pressure gauge; the pressure gauge is used to monitor the wellhead pressure changes in real time; the connecting plug is used to connect the pressure gauge to an external data processing system.

[0032] The sampling modes of the pressure gauge include: fast sampling mode, slow sampling mode and stop sampling mode; the fast sampling mode is to collect data once every 500 microseconds; the slow sampling mode is to collect data once every 1 second.

[0033] Specifically, the water hammer wave tester at the fracturing wellhead adopts a sampling method of one data point per second in routine monitoring. Once a sudden change in downhole pressure is detected, the pressure gauge will switch to high-speed sampling mode and collect data at a frequency of 2000 data points per second. The microcontroller achieves different sampling frequencies by setting different timed sampling times. For example, the 1-1 mode means collecting one data point per second, while the 1-2000 mode means collecting one data point every 500 microseconds, thereby adapting to sampling requirements at different speeds. The microcontroller program can respond to three specific commands sent by the host computer: fast (1-1), slow (1-2000), and stop, allowing the host computer to control changes in the sampling frequency by sending commands.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the wellhead tubing connector and the copper washer utilize a hard seal, achieved by squeezing the copper washer. The wellhead tubing connector and the pressure gauge utilize a threaded connection, sealed by squeezing the copper washer. The copper washer is made of pure copper and measures M20 x 1.5. A rubber protective cover is provided on the outside of the connector plug; the cover is threadedly connected to the external thread of the connector plug. The wellhead tubing connector is made of 17-4 stainless steel. The pressure gauge is also made of 17-4 stainless steel. 17-4 is a stainless steel alloy with high strength and excellent corrosion resistance. It is a martensitic precipitation-hardening stainless steel whose hardness and strength can be adjusted through heat treatment. 17-4 stainless steel is widely used in aerospace, chemical, petroleum, food processing, and medical equipment. The use of 17-4 material for the wellhead tubing connector and pressure gauge means these components possess excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, making them suitable for use in harsh environments.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the wellhead tubing buckle joint and the copper washer are connected using a hard seal. In this connection method, the sealing effect is mainly achieved by applying pressure to the copper washer. Specifically, the connection between the wellhead tubing buckle joint and the pressure gauge is achieved through a threaded connection, which also relies on squeezing the copper washer to achieve the purpose of sealing. As for the copper washer itself, it is made of pure copper. This material selection ensures that the washer has excellent sealing performance and pressure resistance. In addition, the specifications of the copper washer are clearly specified as M20×1.5, which means that its diameter is 20 mm and the pitch is 1.5 mm. These specifications ensure that it precisely matches the threads of the wellhead tubing buckle joint and the pressure gauge, thereby ensuring the reliability of the connection and the tightness of the seal.

[0036] On the outside of the connecting plug, a connecting plug protective cover is provided in this embodiment. The main function of this protective cover is to protect the connecting plug from damage by the external environment, such as preventing dust, moisture and other pollutants from entering the inside of the plug, thereby affecting its performance and life. The connecting plug protective cover is made of rubber material, which has good elasticity and weather resistance and can adapt to various harsh environmental conditions. In order to ensure that the protective cover can be firmly fixed on the connecting plug, the designer adopts a threaded connection method. Specifically, the inner side of the connecting plug protective cover is designed with a thread that matches the external thread of the connecting plug. By tightening, the protective cover can be firmly fixed on the connecting plug, thereby achieving effective protection of the connecting plug.

[0037] In addition, the test system of the fracturing wellhead water hammer wave tester involved in this embodiment includes the following components: first, a portable external power supply with a battery life of more than 80 hours; second, a portable instrument box with the characteristics of small size, light weight and easy to carry; third, a wellhead high-rate pressure sensor with a pressure resistance of 140MPa and a measurement accuracy of 0.1%; fourth, a maximum sampling rate of up to 2000 times per second; and fifth, an operating temperature range that can operate normally between -45°C and +65°C.

[0038] The external data processing system in this embodiment specifically includes:

[0039] A high-speed pressure acquisition and recording module, a wireless data transmission module, and data analysis software; the high-speed pressure acquisition and recording module is used to record downhole pressure change data; the wireless data transmission module is used to transmit the collected data to an external data processing system on the ground in real time; the data analysis software is used to analyze and process the data transmitted to the external data processing system to obtain downhole pressure change information.

[0040] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0041] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above examples is only intended to help understand the method and core concept of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, based on the concept of this application, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting this application.

Claims

1. A fracturing wellhead water hammer wave tester, characterized in that: include: Wellhead tubing joints, copper washers, pressure gauges and connecting plugs; The wellhead oil pipe buckle joint is used to connect the wellhead; The copper washer is arranged between the wellhead oil pipe buckle joint and the pressure gauge to seal and buffer between the wellhead oil pipe buckle joint and the pressure gauge; The pressure gauge is used to monitor wellhead pressure changes in real time. The sampling modes of the pressure gauge include: fast sampling mode, slow sampling mode, and stop sampling mode. The fast sampling mode collects data every 500 microseconds; the slow sampling mode collects data every 1 second. The pressure gauge is a high-rate wellhead pressure sensor with a measurement accuracy of 0.1%. The connecting plug is used to connect the pressure gauge to an external data processing system.

2. A fracturing wellhead water hammer wave tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wellhead oil pipe buckle joint and the copper washer adopt a hard sealing method.

3. A fracturing wellhead water hammer wave tester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wellhead oil pipe buckle joint and the pressure gauge adopt a threaded connection method.

4. A fracturing wellhead water hammer wave tester according to claim 3, characterized in that: The copper washer is made of pure copper.

5. A fracturing wellhead water hammer wave tester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specification of the copper washer is M20×1.

5.

6. A fracturing wellhead water hammer wave tester according to claim 5, characterized in that: A connection plug protection cover is further provided on the outside of the connection plug; the connection plug protection cover is connected to the external thread of the connection plug through a thread.

7. The fracturing wellhead water hammer wave tester according to claim 6, characterized in that: The material of the wellhead oil pipe buckle joint is 17-4 stainless steel.

8. The fracturing wellhead water hammer wave tester according to claim 7, characterized in that: The material of the pressure gauge is 17-4 stainless steel.

9. The fracturing wellhead water hammer wave tester according to claim 8, characterized in that: The external data processing system specifically includes: A high-speed pressure acquisition and recording module, a wireless data transmission module, and data analysis software; the high-speed pressure acquisition and recording module is used to record downhole pressure change data; the wireless data transmission module is used to transmit the collected data to an external data processing system on the ground in real time; the data analysis software is used to analyze and process the data transmitted to the external data processing system to obtain downhole pressure change information.

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