Multifunctional small excavator

Abstract

The utility model relates to a multifunctional mini-excavator. The excavator comprises an upper vehicle frame and a lower vehicle frame, the upper vehicle frame is installed on the lower vehicle frame, the lower vehicle frame comprises a first supporting leg, a second supporting leg, a steering pull rod, a steering oil cylinder and a plurality of hub assemblies, and the first supporting leg and the second supporting leg are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the lower vehicle frame. The two ends of the steering pull rod are connected with the front ends of the first supporting leg and the second supporting leg through steering mechanisms respectively, one end of the steering oil cylinder is rotationally connected with the first supporting leg or the second supporting leg through a connecting mechanism, the other end of the steering oil cylinder is rotationally connected to the steering pull rod through a first shaft rod, and the hub assemblies are installed at the tail ends of the first supporting leg and the second supporting leg. Each hub assembly is provided with a motor in one-to-one correspondence with the hub assembly. By arranging the motors in one-to-one correspondence with the hub assemblies, the driving speed of the excavator is higher, the steering oil cylinder and the steering pull rod adopt a connecting rod structure to control the angle change of the hub assemblies, the steering is more flexible, and the turning radius is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a multifunctional small excavator. Background Art

[0002] Mini excavators' small size, light weight, and high maneuverability make them an attractive option for many specific scenarios. However, existing mini excavators present significant challenges during use. They are complex, heavy, and employ crawler systems that cause significant damage to the ground, have large turning radii, and are inflexible. Furthermore, their drives are weak, resulting in slow travel and reduced construction efficiency.

[0003] Based on the above situation, we have deeply considered the many shortcomings and inconveniences of existing small excavators, and actively studied and improved them to develop and design this solution. Utility Model Content

[0004] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained through the structures specifically pointed out in the description and other drawings.

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a multifunctional small excavator. By providing a motor that corresponds one-to-one with the wheel hub assembly, this utility model reduces the intermediate links in power transmission, improves energy conversion efficiency, and enables faster excavator travel. The steering cylinder and steering rod use a connecting rod structure to control the angle of the wheel hub assembly, making steering more flexible, significantly reducing the turning radius, and improving the excavator's operational flexibility in confined spaces.

[0006] The utility model provides a multifunctional small excavator, comprising an upper frame and a lower frame, the upper frame being mounted on the lower frame, the lower frame comprising a first leg, a second leg, a steering rod, a steering cylinder and a plurality of wheel hub assemblies, the first leg and the second leg being symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lower frame, the two ends of the steering rod being respectively connected to the front ends of the first leg and the second leg through a steering mechanism, one end of the steering cylinder being rotatably connected to the first leg or the second leg through a connecting mechanism, and the other end being rotatably connected to the steering rod through an axle rod, a plurality of wheel hub assemblies being mounted at the ends of the first leg and the second leg, and each wheel hub assembly being provided with a motor corresponding thereto.

[0007] The utility model reduces the intermediate links of power transmission and improves the energy conversion efficiency by setting a motor that corresponds one to one with the wheel hub assembly, so that the excavator can travel faster. The steering cylinder and the steering rod adopt a connecting rod structure to control the angle change of the wheel hub assembly, which makes the steering more flexible, greatly reduces the turning radius, and improves the operating flexibility of the excavator in a small space.

[0008] In some embodiments, the wheel hub assembly includes a front wheel hub assembly and a rear wheel hub assembly, with two front wheel hub assemblies and two rear wheel hub assemblies. The two front wheel hub assemblies are respectively mounted at the ends of the front ends of the first leg and the second leg through a steering mechanism, and the two rear wheel hub assemblies are respectively rotatably mounted at the ends of the rear ends of the first leg and the second leg. This mini excavator uses a tire-wheel drive method, which enables the mini excavator to travel faster, steer more flexibly, and cause less damage to the surface.

[0009] In some embodiments, the steering mechanism includes a steering motor block, a second shaft, and a third shaft. The steering motor block is connected to the front wheel hub assembly. The steering motor block is rotationally connected to the steering tie rod via the second shaft. The steering motor block is rotationally connected to the first leg and the second leg via the third shaft. The configuration of the steering mechanism provides more flexible rotational connections between the steering motor block, the steering tie rod, the first leg, and the second leg.

[0010] In some embodiments, the connection mechanism includes an ear plate and a shaft rod 4. The ear plate is fixedly connected to the first leg or the second leg, and the steering cylinder is rotatably connected to the ear plate via the shaft rod 4. This connection mechanism design facilitates control of the steering cylinder, thereby achieving flexible steering of the mini excavator.

[0011] In some embodiments, the angle between the steering cylinder and the steering tie rod is acute. A larger angle between the steering cylinder and the steering tie rod results in a closer distance between the two, making it difficult to adjust the steering cylinder's extension and contraction, and thus, difficult to control the angular changes of the wheel hub assembly. Therefore, an acute angle between the steering cylinder and the steering tie rod ensures that the steering cylinder and the steering tie rod can more efficiently transmit force and torque during operation.

[0012] In some embodiments, a support frame is welded between the first leg and the second leg. The provision of the support frame is beneficial to the structural stability of the lower frame and to increase the distance between the upper frame and the wheel hub assembly or tire, making the wheel hub assembly more flexible in steering.

[0013] In some embodiments, the support frame is trapezoidal in shape. Using a trapezoidal support frame can save raw materials and provide greater room for the rotation of the hub assembly.

[0014] In some embodiments, the upper frame is provided with a control handle and an operating valve, and the control handle is connected to the operating valve via a mechanical linkage. The control handle is connected to the operating valve via a mechanical linkage, eliminating a complex electronic control system, reducing the failure rate, and improving the intuitiveness and reliability of operation.

[0015] In some embodiments, the motor is connected to the wheel hub assembly in a driving manner. The motor directly drives the wheel hub assembly, reducing the intermediate links in power transmission, improving energy conversion efficiency, and making the excavator travel faster.

[0016] In some embodiments, a bulldozer and a bulldozer cylinder are provided at one end of the lower frame. One end of the bulldozer cylinder is hinged to the lower frame, and the other end is connected to the bulldozer. The bulldozer is provided to stabilize the small excavator and can be used to level the road surface and clear debris.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0018] 1. The utility model reduces the intermediate links of power transmission and improves the energy conversion efficiency by setting a motor that corresponds one to one with the wheel hub assembly, making the excavator travel faster. The steering cylinder and the steering rod adopt a connecting rod structure to control the angle change of the wheel hub assembly, making the steering more flexible, greatly reducing the turning radius, and improving the operating flexibility of the excavator in a small space.

[0019] 2. The control handle of the utility model is connected to the operating valve through a mechanical connecting rod, which abandons the complex electronic control system, reduces the failure rate, and improves the intuitiveness and reliability of operation. Moreover, manual control replaces the control of hands and feet, making the small excavator easier to operate and more responsive.

[0020] 3. The excavator of the present invention has a simple structure and a small size, which effectively reduces the overall weight and is easy to transport and store.

[0021] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.

[0022] Undoubtedly, these and other objects of the present invention will become more apparent after the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments with reference to various drawings and figures.

[0023] In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, one or more preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

[0025] In the drawings, like components are given like reference numerals, and the drawings are schematic and not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only one or several embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on such drawings without paying any creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the lower frame structure in some embodiments of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower frame with a bulldozer in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a multifunctional small excavator in some embodiments of the present utility model.

[0030] Description of main reference numerals:

[0031] 1. Mount the vehicle frame;

[0032] 2. Get off the frame;

[0033] 21. First leg; 22. Second leg; 23. Steering rod; 24. Steering cylinder; 25. Wheel hub assembly; 251. Front wheel hub assembly; 252. Rear wheel hub assembly; 26. Motor; 27. Steering mechanism; 271. Steering motor block; 272. Shaft rod two; 273. Shaft rod three; 28. Connecting mechanism; 281. Ear plate; 282. Shaft rod four; 29. ​​Shaft rod one; 30. Support frame; 31. Bulldozer blade; 32. Bulldozer cylinder; 33. Rear motor bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0035] In addition, in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0036] In this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "installed," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, removable connections, or integration; they may refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; they may refer to internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. However, the term "direct connection" indicates that the two connected entities are not connected through a transitional structure, but are connected solely through a connecting structure to form a single entity. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature "above" or "below" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 3 , Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the lower frame structure in some embodiments of the present utility model; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a multifunctional small excavator in some embodiments of the present utility model.

[0039] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the utility model provides a multifunctional small excavator, including an upper frame 1 and a lower frame 2, the upper frame 1 is installed on the lower frame 2, the lower frame 2 includes a first leg 21, a second leg 22, a steering rod 23, a steering cylinder 24 and a plurality of wheel hub assemblies 25, the first leg 21 and the second leg 22 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lower frame 2, the two ends of the steering rod 23 are respectively connected to the front ends of the first leg 21 and the second leg 22 through a steering mechanism 27, one end of the steering cylinder 24 is rotatably connected to the first leg 21 or the second leg 22 through a connecting mechanism 28, and the other end is rotatably connected to the steering rod 23 through an axle rod 29, and a plurality of wheel hub assemblies 25 are installed at the ends of the first leg 21 and the second leg 22, and each wheel hub assembly 25 is provided with a motor 26 corresponding thereto.

[0040] The utility model reduces the intermediate links of power transmission and improves the energy conversion efficiency by providing a motor 26 that corresponds one-to-one with the wheel hub assembly 25, so as to make the excavator travel faster. The steering cylinder 24 and the steering rod 23 use a connecting rod structure to control the angle change of the wheel hub assembly 25, making the steering more flexible, greatly reducing the turning radius, and improving the operating flexibility of the excavator in a small space.

[0041] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the wheel hub assembly 25 optionally includes a front wheel hub assembly 251 and a rear wheel hub assembly 252. There are two front wheel hub assemblies 251 and two rear wheel hub assemblies 252. The two front wheel hub assemblies 251 are respectively mounted on the ends of the front ends of the first leg 21 and the second leg 22 via a steering mechanism 27, and the two rear wheel hub assemblies 252 are respectively rotatably mounted on the ends of the rear ends of the first leg 21 and the second leg 22. This small excavator adopts a tire and wheel drive method, which can make the small excavator travel faster, more flexible in steering, and less damage to the surface.

[0042] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the steering mechanism 27 optionally includes a steering motor block 271, a second shaft 272, and a third shaft 273. The steering motor block 271 is connected to the front wheel hub assembly 251. The steering motor block 271 is rotationally connected to the steering tie rod 23 via the second shaft 272. The steering motor block 271 is rotationally connected to the first leg 21 and the second leg 22 via the third shaft 273. The configuration of the steering mechanism 27 makes the rotational connection between the steering motor block 271 and the steering tie rod 23, the first leg 21, and the second leg 22 more flexible.

[0043] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the connection mechanism 28 optionally includes an ear plate 281 and a shaft rod 282. The ear plate 281 is fixedly connected to the first leg 21 or the second leg 22, and the steering cylinder 24 is rotatably connected to the ear plate 281 via the shaft rod 282. This design of the connection mechanism 28 facilitates control of the steering cylinder 24, thereby achieving flexible steering of the mini excavator.

[0044] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the included angle between the steering cylinder 24 and the steering tie rod 23 is optionally acute. The larger the included angle between the steering cylinder 24 and the steering tie rod 23, the closer the distance between them becomes, which is not conducive to adjusting the extension and contraction of the steering cylinder 24, and thus, is not conducive to controlling the angle change of the wheel hub assembly 25. Therefore, the acute angle between the steering cylinder 24 and the steering tie rod 23 can ensure that the steering cylinder 24 and the steering tie rod 23 can more efficiently transmit force and torque during operation.

[0045] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a support frame 30 is optionally welded between the first leg 21 and the second leg 22. The provision of the support frame 30 not only contributes to the structural stability of the lower frame 2, but also helps to increase the distance between the upper frame 1 and the wheel hub assembly 25 or the tire, making the wheel hub assembly 25 more flexible in steering.

[0046] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the support frame 30 is optionally trapezoidal. Using the trapezoidal support frame 30 can save raw materials and provide more room for the rotation of the hub assembly 25.

[0047] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the upper frame 1 is optionally provided with a control handle and an operating valve, and the control handle is connected to the operating valve via a mechanical connecting rod. The control handle is connected to the operating valve via a mechanical connecting rod, thereby eliminating a complex electronic control system, reducing the failure rate, and improving the intuitiveness and reliability of operation.

[0048] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the motor 26 is optionally connected to the wheel hub assembly 25. The motor 26 directly drives the wheel hub assembly 25, which reduces the intermediate links of power transmission, improves energy conversion efficiency, and makes the excavator travel faster.

[0049] Reference Figure 2 、 Figure 3 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower frame with a bulldozer in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a multifunctional small excavator in some embodiments of the present utility model.

[0050] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a bulldozer 31 and a bulldozer cylinder 32 are optionally provided at one end of the lower frame 2, wherein one end of the bulldozer cylinder 32 is hinged to the lower frame 2 and the other end is connected to the bulldozer 31. The bulldozer 31 is provided to stabilize the small excavator and can be used to level the road surface and clear debris.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 3 This embodiment provides a multifunctional small excavator, which includes an upper frame 1 and a lower frame 2. A swing arm is hinged to the front end of the upper frame 1. A driver's seat is provided on the upper frame 1. A control handle is provided in front of the driver's seat. The control handle is connected to an operating valve through a mechanical connecting rod, and the operating valve is connected to a hydraulic system for controlling the movement of an actuator.

[0053] The upper frame 1 is mounted on the lower frame 2. A slewing support is provided between the upper frame 1 and the lower frame 2 so that the upper frame 1 can rotate. The lower frame 2 includes a first leg 21, a second leg 22, a steering tie rod 23, a steering cylinder 24, and a plurality of wheel hub assemblies 25. The first leg 21 and the second leg 22 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lower frame 2. In addition, a support frame 30 is welded between the first leg 21 and the second leg 22. The support frame 30 is connected to the slewing support and is preferably trapezoidal.

[0054] The steering rod 23 is provided at the front end of the lower frame 2. The two ends of the steering rod 23 are connected to the front ends of the first leg 21 and the second leg 22 respectively through the steering mechanism 27. Specifically, the two ends of the steering rod 23 are connected to the steering motor block 271 through the second shaft 272, and the steering motor block 271 is rotationally connected to the first leg 21 and the second leg 22 through the third shaft 273.

[0055] The steering cylinder 24 is arranged at the front end of the lower frame 2, and one end thereof is rotatably connected to the first leg 21 or the second leg 22 through a connecting mechanism 28. Specifically, the connecting mechanism 28 includes an ear plate 281 and a shaft rod four 282. The ear plate 281 is fixedly connected to the first leg 21 or the second leg 22. The steering cylinder 24 is rotatably connected to the ear plate 281 through the shaft rod four 282. The other end of the steering cylinder 24 is rotatably connected to the steering rod 23 through the shaft rod one 29. Therefore, the angle formed by the steering cylinder 24 and the steering rod 23 is an acute angle.

[0056] There are four wheel hub assemblies 25, which are installed at the ends of the first leg 21 and the second leg 22. Each wheel hub assembly 25 is provided with a motor 26 corresponding to it. Specifically, the wheel hub assembly 25 includes two front wheel hub assemblies 251 and two rear wheel hub assemblies 252. The two front wheel hub assemblies 251 are respectively installed at the ends of the front ends of the first leg 21 and the second leg 22 through the steering motor block 271, and the two rear wheel hub assemblies 252 are respectively rotatably installed at the ends of the rear ends of the first leg 21 and the second leg 22 through the rear motor bracket 33. The motor 26 is drive-connected to the wheel hub assembly 25. Furthermore, the motor 26 connected to the front wheel hub assembly 251 is installed on the steering motor block 271, and the motor 26 connected to the rear wheel hub assembly 252 is installed on the rear motor bracket 33.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] Reference Figure 2-Figure 3 This embodiment provides a multifunctional small excavator. The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the small excavator is further provided with a bulldozer 31 and a bulldozer cylinder 32 connected to the bulldozer 31 at one end of the lower frame 2. The bulldozer 31 is hinged to the lower frame 2, and one end of the bulldozer cylinder 32 is connected to the bulldozer 31 and the other end is hinged to the lower frame 2. The bulldozer 31 is used to effectively clear the accumulated soil around the excavator, thereby improving the functional effect of the small excavator.

[0059] It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited to the specific processing steps or materials disclosed herein, but should extend to equivalent substitutions of such features understood by those skilled in the relevant art. It should also be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting.

[0060] The "embodiment" mentioned in the specification means that the specific features or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the phrase or "embodiment" appearing in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0061] Furthermore, the described features or characteristics may be combined in any other suitable manner into one or more embodiments. In the above description, some specific details, such as thickness, quantity, etc., are provided to provide a comprehensive understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. However, those skilled in the relevant art will appreciate that the present invention may be implemented without one or more of the above specific details or may be implemented using other methods, components, materials, etc.

Claims

1. A multifunctional small excavator, characterized in that: The vehicle body comprises an upper frame and a lower frame, wherein the upper frame is mounted on the lower frame, and the lower frame comprises a first leg, a second leg, a steering rod, a steering cylinder and a plurality of wheel hub assemblies, wherein the first leg and the second leg are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lower frame, and the two ends of the steering rod are respectively connected to the front ends of the first leg and the second leg through a steering mechanism, one end of the steering cylinder is rotatably connected to the first leg or the second leg through a connecting mechanism, and the other end is rotatably connected to the steering rod through an axle rod, and a plurality of wheel hub assemblies are mounted on the ends of the first leg and the second leg, and each wheel hub assembly is provided with a motor corresponding thereto.

2. The multifunctional small excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheel hub assembly includes a front wheel hub assembly and a rear wheel hub assembly, and there are two front wheel hub assemblies and two rear wheel hub assemblies. The two front wheel hub assemblies are respectively installed at the ends of the front ends of the first leg and the second leg through a steering mechanism, and the two rear wheel hub assemblies are respectively rotatably installed at the ends of the rear ends of the first leg and the second leg through a rear motor bracket.

3. The multifunctional small excavator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steering mechanism includes a steering motor block, shaft rod 2 and shaft rod 3. The steering motor block is connected to the front wheel hub assembly. The steering motor block is rotationally connected to the steering rod through shaft rod 2. The steering motor block is rotationally connected to the first leg and the second leg through shaft rod 3.

4. The multifunctional small excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism includes an ear plate and a shaft rod four, the ear plate is fixedly connected to the first leg or the second leg, and the steering cylinder is rotationally connected to the ear plate through the shaft rod four.

5. The multifunctional small excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle between the steering oil cylinder and the steering rod is an acute angle.

6. The multifunctional small excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support frame is welded between the first leg and the second leg.

7. The multifunctional small excavator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The supporting frame is trapezoidal.

8. The multifunctional small excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper frame is provided with a control handle and an operating valve, and the control handle is connected to the operating valve through a mechanical connecting rod.

9. The multifunctional small excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor is drivingly connected to the wheel hub assembly.

10. The multifunctional small excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: A bulldozer blade and a bulldozer cylinder are provided at one end of the lower frame. One end of the bulldozer cylinder is hinged to the lower frame, and the other end is connected to the bulldozer blade.

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