Deicing device for fan blade

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fan blade deicing device, and particularly relates to the field of fan blades, the fan blade deicing device comprises a deicing structure mounted on a fan structure, the fan structure comprises a tower, a cabin is mounted at the top of the tower, a hub seat is mounted at one end of the cabin, and a blade assembly is detachably mounted on the side surface of the hub seat. The engine room drives the blade assembly to rotate through the hub seat, the deicing structure is arranged in the blade assembly, the blade assembly comprises a root plate, a middle plate is fixedly arranged at one end of the root plate, a tip plate is fixedly arranged at the end, away from the root plate, of the middle plate, and a gradual change cavity is formed in the root plate. The rib plates are arranged in the air outlet cavity to divide the air outlet cavity into a plurality of expansion areas which are gradually expanded, so that the initial speed of hot air flow is effectively reduced, the effects of gradually reducing the speed of the hot air flow and reducing energy loss are achieved, a certain pressure gradient is favorably maintained, and the service life of the air outlet cavity is prolonged. And it is ensured that hot air flow stably pushes towards the middle plate in the non-stop state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fan blades, and more specifically, to a fan blade deicing device. Background Art

[0002] De-icing of wind turbine blades is a key step in ensuring that wind turbines can operate safely and efficiently in cold climates. When ice forms on wind turbine blades, their shape changes, which affects the way airflow passes through and reduces efficiency. Therefore, in order to ensure that wind turbines can operate safely and efficiently, especially in cold climates, regular inspections and appropriate de-icing measures are necessary. Common measures include heating systems, the application of anti-icing coatings, and the use of chemical de-icing agents.

[0003] According to Chinese patent publication number CN214366553U, a fan blade deicing system is disclosed, comprising a fan outlet duct, a first air path, a second air path, and a baffle. The fan outlet duct is a straight pipe, and the first and second air paths are arranged in layers and circuitously between the leading edge and the web of the blade, with the first air path being located near the leading edge of the blade. The baffle is fixedly connected to the leading edge and the web of the blade, respectively, and is provided with a first air path interface and a second air path interface. One end of the first air path is connected to the fan outlet duct, and the other end is connected to the first air path interface. One end of the second air path is connected to the fan outlet duct, and the other end is connected to the second air path interface. A valve is provided on the second air path, and a blade leading edge temperature meter is provided on the leading edge of the blade, and a web temperature meter is provided on the web. This utility model optimizes the structure of the deicing duct within the fan blade, improves the heat transfer effect within the blade, and enhances the economy and safety of the deicing system.

[0004] The blades are divided into three sections: the root for connection, the longest middle section, and the tip with the largest rotational stroke. The above-mentioned fan blade deicing system uses a curved air path to adjust the time the hot air flow stays in the blade. The closer to the tip, the denser the distribution of the curved air path, so that the residence time gradually increases from the root to the tip of the blade.

[0005] However, when the fan is in operation, since the fan blades are rotating at high speed, the internal airflow will be accelerated by the centrifugal force to move toward the tip of the blade, that is, the speed of the hot air flow from the root to the tip of the blade gradually increases, and the distribution of the curved air path gradually becomes denser, causing the hot air flow to gradually accelerate in the gradually dense curved air path, resulting in the following problems: 1. Increased pressure drop. With the increase of air flow speed, especially in the curved air path, due to the action of centrifugal force, the pressure on the outer wall will increase, while the pressure on the inner wall will decrease relatively. This uneven pressure distribution will lead to greater friction loss and local pressure drop, thereby increasing the energy consumption of the entire system; 2. Enhanced turbulence. In the curved air path, with the increase of speed, laminar flow will turn into turbulent flow. The emergence of turbulence makes the airflow more unstable, improves the mixing and heat transfer efficiency, but also brings higher energy loss and noise. In addition, turbulence may also cause pressure fluctuations on the air path wall, causing periodic stress on the structure, which will cause long-term damage. 1. The airflow velocity is too high, which may damage the integrity of the blade assembly; 2. The temperature gradient changes. The increase in airflow velocity is usually accompanied by faster heat transfer, which may lead to significant temperature gradients at different locations along the air path, especially at the bends. If the heating is uneven, some areas will overheat, while other areas will fail to reach the required temperature, affecting the de-icing effect; 3. The separation point moves. In the curved section with high curvature, if the airflow velocity is too high, it may cause boundary layer separation, that is, the airflow no longer flows close to the air path wall, but forms vortex or recirculation area. This situation not only reduces the effective heat transfer capacity of the airflow, but also causes additional pressure loss and may impose abnormal mechanical loads on the internal structure of the air path. In severe cases, it causes deformation of the internal structure of the air path; 4. Structural vibration and fatigue. When a fast-flowing hot air flow passes through a curved air path, especially when there is turbulence or boundary layer separation, it may cause vibration of the air path wall. This vibration may cause material fatigue under long-term action, thereby affecting the life and safety of the blade.

[0006] In summary, in order to achieve the deicing effect of the above-mentioned fan blade deicing system without stopping the machine, it is necessary to solve the problem of gradually accelerating the flow of hot air in the air path so that the hot air flows at an appropriate speed difference in the air path. Utility Model Content

[0007] The utility model provides a fan blade deicing device, which aims to solve the problem that the existing fan blade deicing device needs to solve the problem of gradually accelerating the flow of hot air in the air path without stopping the machine.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a wind turbine blade de-icing device, comprising a de-icing structure installed on a wind turbine structure, the wind turbine structure comprising a tower, a cabin installed on the top of the tower, a hub seat installed at one end of the cabin, a blade assembly detachably installed on the side of the hub seat, the cabin drives the blade assembly to rotate through the hub seat, the de-icing structure is arranged inside the blade assembly, the blade assembly comprises a root plate, a middle plate is fixedly provided at one end of the root plate, a tip plate is fixedly provided at an end of the middle plate away from the root plate, the de-icing structure comprises a gradient cavity, and the gradient cavity is opened inside the root plate, the cross-sectional diameter of the gradient cavity gradually increases from one end of the gradient cavity close to the hub seat to one end of the gradient cavity close to the middle plate, a rib is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the root plate, a vent is opened inside the rib, and the cross-sectional diameter of the vent close to the hub seat is smaller than the cross-sectional diameter of the vent close to the middle plate.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, a guide cavity is opened inside the middle plate, a central shaft is fixed inside the guide cavity, spiral blades are fixed on the periphery of the central shaft, a curved air path is opened on the inner wall of the guide cavity, and a flange is fixed at one end of the blade assembly.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, an air outlet duct is installed on the flange, and the air outlet duct runs through the inside of the root plate, the middle plate and the tip plate, and a return flow channel is opened inside the air outlet duct.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a deceleration chamber is provided inside the tip plate, a baffle is installed inside the deceleration chamber, and the baffle is fixedly connected between the air outlet tube and the inner wall of one end of the deceleration chamber, and a single through hole is provided inside the baffle.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, an elastic member is provided below the baffle, a reflux cavity is provided between the baffle and the elastic member, and one end of the reflux cavity is communicated with the air outlet tube.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, a mounting plate is fixedly provided on the outer side of the hub seat, and the mounting plate is detachably connected to the root plate via a flange plate, and a hot air inlet is fixedly provided inside the hub seat.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, a ventilation tube is connected between the hot air inlet and the mounting plate, and the ventilation tube is connected to the air inlet cavity.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, an air outlet is connected to the outside of the ventilation cylinder, and the air outlet passes through the mounting plate and is in communication with the air outlet cylinder.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] The utility model divides the air outlet cavity into a plurality of gradually expanding expansion zones by arranging ribs inside the air outlet cavity. Without increasing the total length of the air outlet cavity, the initial velocity of the hot air flow is effectively reduced, and the problem of local pressure drop caused by a single expansion section is avoided, thereby achieving the effect of gradually decelerating the hot air flow and reducing energy loss, helping to maintain a certain pressure gradient and ensuring that the hot air flow stably advances toward the middle plate without stopping the machine.

[0018] The utility model introduces multiple smaller branch channels through the vents, dividing the main hot air flow into several thin streams. Each branch channel has the above-mentioned deceleration effect, which not only reduces the overall hot air flow speed, but also improves the heating efficiency. At the same time, the physical obstruction of the ribs slows down the hot air flow speed, promotes the mixing of the hot air flow, and ensures uniform heat distribution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hub seat end structure of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the blade assembly of the present utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the flange end structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the half-section structure of the blade assembly of the present utility model.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the root plate of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle plate of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the tip plate of the present utility model.

[0027] The figures are marked as follows: 1. tower; 2. cabin; 3. hub seat; 31. mounting plate; 32. ventilator; 33. hot air inlet; 34. air outlet; 4. blade assembly; 41. root plate; 411. rib plate; 412. vent; 42. middle plate; 43. tip plate; 44. flange; 441. air outlet; 5. gradient cavity; 51. air inlet cavity; 52. air outlet cavity; 6. guide cavity; 61. central axis; 62. spiral blade; 7. curved air path; 8. deceleration cavity; 81. baffle; 811. single through hole; 82. elastic member; 83. reflux cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out that the following specific implementation methods are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Technicians in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0029] Refer to the instruction manual Figures 1 to 6 The de-icing structure is provided in the interior of the blade assembly 4, and the blade assembly 4 includes a root plate 41, a middle plate 42 is fixedly provided at one end of the root plate 41, and a tip plate 43 is fixedly provided at the end of the middle plate 42 away from the root plate 41. The de-icing structure includes a gradual cavity 5, and the gradual cavity 5 is opened in the interior of the root plate 41, and the cross-sectional diameter of the gradual cavity 5 gradually increases from the end of the gradual cavity 5 close to the hub seat 3 to the end of the gradual cavity 5 close to the middle plate 42. The inner wall of the root plate 41 is fixedly provided with a rib 411, and a vent 412 is opened inside the rib 411. The cross-sectional diameter of the vent 412 close to the hub seat 3 is smaller than the cross-sectional diameter of the vent 412 close to the middle plate 42.

[0030] It should be noted that a drive structure is installed inside the nacelle 2 to drive the hub seat 3 to rotate. The blade assembly 4 is made of glass fiber or carbon fiber reinforced plastic, and is lightweight, high-strength and has good aerodynamic properties. In order to further reduce weight, the blade assembly 4 is a hollow structure. Hollow blades are significantly lighter than solid blades, which is especially important for large wind turbines. Lighter blades reduce the requirements for the tower 1 and the foundation structure, reduce the cost of the entire system, and enable the wind turbine to respond to wind speed changes more efficiently. The root plate 41 is cylindrical, the middle plate 42 and the tip plate 43 are both flat, the gradient cavity 5 is trumpet-shaped, and several groups of ribs 411 are arranged along the length direction of the gradient cavity 5.

[0031] In this embodiment, the implementation scenario is specifically as follows: de-icing is performed during the rotation of the hub seat 3. The hot air flow has an acceleration trend when it enters the root plate 41 through the air inlet cavity 51. When the hot air flow circulates inside the air outlet cavity 52, the hot air flow smoothly transitions from a narrow space to a wider space, thereby slowing down the initial velocity of the hot air flow inside the root plate 41. By arranging ribs 411 inside the air outlet cavity 52, the air outlet cavity 52 is divided into a plurality of gradually expanding expansion zones. Without increasing the total length of the air outlet cavity 52, the initial velocity of the hot air flow is effectively reduced. The problem of local pressure drop caused by a single expansion section is avoided, and the effect of gradually slowing down the hot air flow and reducing energy loss is achieved, which helps to maintain a certain pressure gradient and ensure that the hot air flow stably advances toward the middle plate 42. A plurality of smaller branch channels are introduced through the vents 412 to divide the main hot air flow into several thin streams. Each branch channel has the above-mentioned deceleration effect, which not only reduces the overall hot air flow speed, but also improves the heating efficiency. At the same time, the physical blocking of the ribs 411 slows down the hot air flow speed, promotes the mixing of the hot air flow, and ensures uniform heat distribution.

[0032] Refer to the instruction manual Figure 7 A guide cavity 6 is opened inside the middle plate 42, a central shaft 61 is fixed inside the guide cavity 6, a spiral sheet 62 is fixed on the periphery of the central shaft 61, a curved air path 7 is opened on the inner wall of the guide cavity 6, and a flange 44 is fixed at one end of the blade assembly 4.

[0033] It should be noted that the spiral sheet 62 is a long spiral component, and the curved air path 7 is the existing technology cited in the background technology.

[0034] In this embodiment, the implementation scenario is specifically as follows: Since the length of the middle plate 42 in the three sections of the blade assembly 4 is longer than the root plate 41 and the tip plate 43, the central axis 61 and the spiral blade 62 are arranged inside the guide cavity 6, so that the hot air flow is evenly distributed and flows along the axial and circumferential directions of the spiral blade 62, ensuring the consistency of heat along the length of the middle plate 42, avoiding the problem of local overheating or insufficient heating, and the spiral blade 62 will guide the hot air flow to form a spiral flow, increasing the turbulence of the air flow. The enhancement of turbulence promotes the heat transfer between the hot air flow and the inner wall surface of the guide cavity 6, making the heat exchange more It increases efficiency, speeds up the de-icing speed at the middle plate 42, improves energy utilization efficiency, and cooperates with the curved air path 7 of the existing technology to extend the residence time of the hot air flow in the channel, providing more time for heat transfer, ensuring more sufficient heating, and at the same time helping to stabilize the direction of the hot air flow inside the guide cavity 6, preventing the hot air flow from separating or generating unnecessary vortices, thereby ensuring that the hot air flow flows along a predetermined path. In addition to guiding the airflow, the central shaft 61 and the spiral blades 62 can also serve as part of the internal support structure to provide additional mechanical strength to help resist centrifugal force and other external loads.

[0035] Refer to the instruction manual Figure 8 An air outlet duct 441 is installed on the flange 44, and the air outlet duct 441 passes through the inside of the root plate 41, the middle plate 42 and the tip plate 43, and a return flow channel is opened inside the air outlet duct 441.

[0036] It should be noted that a space is left between one end of the air outlet tube 441 and one inner end of the tip plate 43 .

[0037] Furthermore, a deceleration chamber 8 is opened inside the tip plate 43, a baffle 81 is installed inside the deceleration chamber 8, and the baffle 81 is fixedly connected between the air outlet tube 441 and the inner wall of one end of the deceleration chamber 8, and a single through hole 811 is opened inside the baffle 81.

[0038] It should be noted that the baffle 81 is arranged on the outside of the return channel of the air outlet duct 441, and the single-through hole 811 is a hole with a check valve. The hot air flow inside the deceleration chamber 8 passes through the single-through hole 811 in one direction and enters the return channel of the air outlet duct 441.

[0039] Furthermore, an elastic member 82 is provided below the baffle 81 , a reflux cavity 83 is provided between the baffle 81 and the elastic member 82 , and one end of the reflux cavity 83 is communicated with the air outlet tube 441 .

[0040] It should be noted that the elastic member 82 will rebound when reaching the maximum elastic extension, and the reflux cavity 83 is semi-closed, with its openings only consisting of the single through hole 811 and the reflux channel of the air outlet tube 441 .

[0041] In this embodiment, the implementation scenario is specifically as follows: the hot air flow flowing in the deceleration chamber 8 enters the inside of the reflux chamber 83 through the deceleration of the single-through hole 811, and is normally discharged directly through the reflux channel of the air outlet 441. When the speed of the hot air flow through the single-through hole 811 increases significantly, the elastic expansion of the elastic member 82 is used for buffering, so as to prevent the high-speed hot air flow from impacting the air outlet 441 and causing it to vibrate or separate from the baffle 81, thereby ensuring the normal reflux operation of the air outlet 441. When the elastic member 82 is an airbag, the local pressure increases when the airbag expands. When the airbag reaches the maximum elastic extension, the airbag will contract and rebound to accelerate the discharge of the internal gas to the air outlet 441, which is similar to the effect of a "pump", pushing the internal airflow of the reflux chamber 83 to accelerate the reflux to the inside of the air outlet 441.

[0042] Furthermore, a mounting plate 31 is fixedly provided on the outer side of the hub seat 3 , and the mounting plate 31 is detachably connected to the root plate 41 via a flange 44 , and a hot air inlet 33 is fixedly provided inside the hub seat 3 .

[0043] Furthermore, a ventilation tube 32 is connected between the hot air inlet 33 and the mounting plate 31 , and the ventilation tube 32 is connected to the air inlet cavity 51 .

[0044] It should be noted that the hot air flow passes through the hot air inlet 33 and flows to the inside of the ventilation tube 32 , the air inlet cavity 51 and the guide cavity 6 in sequence.

[0045] Furthermore, an air outlet 34 is connected to the outer side of the ventilation tube 32 . The air outlet 34 passes through the mounting plate 31 and is in communication with the air outlet tube 441 .

[0046] It should be noted that the hot air flow after heat exchange is discharged through the air outlet 34, and a connection method of the existing technology is provided. The air outlet of the external air pump is connected to the hot air inlet 33, and the air exhaust port of the external air pump is connected to the hot air box with a heater, and the air inlet of the hot air box is connected to the air outlet 34. This solution is an existing common technology.

[0047] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the scope of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fan blade deicing device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a deicing structure installed on a wind turbine structure, wherein the wind turbine structure comprises a tower (1), a cabin (2) is installed on the top of the tower (1), a hub seat (3) is installed at one end of the cabin (2), a blade assembly (4) is detachably installed on the side of the hub seat (3), and the cabin (2) drives the blade assembly (4) to rotate through the hub seat (3); The deicing structure is arranged inside the blade assembly (4), and the blade assembly (4) includes a root plate (41), a middle plate (42) is fixedly provided at one end of the root plate (41), and a tip plate (43) is fixedly provided at one end of the middle plate (42) away from the root plate (41); The deicing structure includes a gradient cavity (5), and the gradient cavity (5) is opened inside the root plate (41), and the cross-sectional diameter of the gradient cavity (5) gradually increases from one end close to the hub seat (3) to one end close to the middle plate (42), and the inner wall of the root plate (41) is fixedly provided with a rib plate (411), and a vent (412) is opened inside the rib plate (411), and the cross-sectional diameter of the vent (412) close to the hub seat (3) is smaller than the cross-sectional diameter of the vent (412) close to the middle plate (42).

2. A fan blade deicing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide cavity (6) is provided inside the middle plate (42), a central shaft (61) is fixedly provided inside the guide cavity (6), a spiral blade (62) is fixedly provided on the periphery of the central shaft (61), a curved air path (7) is provided on the inner wall of the guide cavity (6), and a flange (44) is fixedly provided at one end of the blade assembly (4).

3. A fan blade deicing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An air outlet duct (441) is installed on the flange (44), and the air outlet duct (441) passes through the inside of the root plate (41), the middle plate (42) and the tip plate (43). A return flow channel is opened inside the air outlet duct (441).

4. A fan blade deicing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A deceleration chamber (8) is provided inside the tip plate (43), a baffle (81) is installed inside the deceleration chamber (8), and the baffle (81) is fixedly connected between the air outlet cylinder (441) and the inner wall of one end of the deceleration chamber (8), and a single through hole (811) is provided inside the baffle (81).

5. A fan blade deicing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: An elastic member (82) is provided below the baffle (81), a reflux chamber (83) is provided between the baffle (81) and the elastic member (82), and one end of the reflux chamber (83) is in communication with the air outlet tube (441).

6. A fan blade deicing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A mounting plate (31) is fixedly provided on the outer side of the wheel hub seat (3), and the mounting plate (31) and the root plate (41) are detachably connected via a flange (44). A hot air inlet (33) is fixedly provided inside the wheel hub seat (3), a ventilation tube (32) is connected between the hot air inlet (33) and the mounting plate (31), and the ventilation tube (32) is connected to the air inlet chamber (51), and an air outlet (34) is connected to the outer side of the ventilation tube (32), and the air outlet (34) passes through the mounting plate (31) and is connected to the air outlet tube (441).

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