Directional energy-gathered cartridge bag for blasting side slope boulders by unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of mining blasting, in particular to a directional energy-gathered cartridge bag for blasting side slope boulders by an unmanned aerial vehicle. Comprising two sets of cartridges which intersect at a set angle to form a V-shaped structure, the cartridges are connected with a primer detonator, and the position of the primer detonator is away from the range of an opening formed by the cartridges. The directional energy-gathered cartridge bag is provided with energy-gathered holes, the V-shaped structure is formed by crossing the two groups of cartridge bags, the explosive tends to gather energy towards the opening direction during detonation, and the capability of directional blasting of boulders can be achieved under the condition that the boulders are not contacted. The device is easy and convenient to manufacture, low in cost, suitable for blasting operation of various boulders and large blocks in various slope free face areas, and capable of being popularized and used in various boulder and large block blasting areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mining blasting, and in particular to a directional shaped charge used for blasting boulders on slopes by a drone. Background Art

[0002] Dealing with boulders near the open face of open-pit mine slopes has always been a challenge in open-pit mining and blasting operations. Due to their inherent instability, boulders may slide or roll under the influence of natural conditions such as vibration or rainfall, posing a significant threat to workers and equipment below. Furthermore, boulder movement or sliding can trigger secondary slope instability accidents and cause large-scale landslides. Dealing with boulders near the open face is particularly critical, but due to their location and the stability of the open face, drilling and charging equipment cannot carry out related blasting operations on the boulders.

[0003] The difficulty and influencing factors of boulder blasting are numerous, often involving the boulder's physical properties, location, surrounding environment, and the blasting technique itself. Currently, the primary approach to blasting boulders on the open face of open-pit mine slopes is to use engineering machinery to correct and fill the gap between the boulder and the open face, creating a safe working platform within the area. Drilling and charging equipment are then used for blasting.

[0004] Using drones for remote control to implement blasting projects is one of the safe and feasible methods for dealing with boulders on slopes. However, in this detonation method, since the explosives cannot be placed directly on the boulders, the effectiveness of using ordinary explosives will be greatly reduced. Ordinary explosives cannot achieve directionally blasting, and the flying fragments or falling rocks caused by the shattering of the boulders may pose additional dangers to the site and personnel.

[0005] Therefore, how to improve explosives to increase their directional blasting capability is a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a directional shaped charge for blasting boulders on slopes by unmanned aerial vehicles.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A directional shaped charge for drone blasting of boulders on slopes comprises two groups of charges intersecting at a set angle to form a V-shaped structure. The charges are connected to blasting caps, which are positioned to avoid the opening formed by the charges.

[0009] Preferably, it further comprises a fixing plate and a connecting rod, wherein the fixing plate comprises a V-shaped plate arranged at a set angle, the fixing plate is arranged to fit the medicine package, and a connecting rod is arranged between adjacent sides of the plate to stabilize the structure.

[0010] Preferably, the setting angle of the medicine bag and the setting angle of the fixing plate are both adjustable, and the setting angle of the medicine bag is the same as the setting angle of the fixing plate, which is in the range of 30° to 70°.

[0011] Preferably, the fixing plate and the medicine pack are fixedly connected by glue or tape.

[0012] Preferably, the fixing plate is provided with a through hole or an anchoring structure, and the medicine pack is bound to the fixing plate by passing a cable tie through the through hole, or the medicine pack is connected to the anchoring structure by a cable tie and fixedly connected to the fixing plate.

[0013] Preferably, the cartridge is an emulsion explosive cartridge.

[0014] Preferably, the medicine packs are symmetrically arranged, and the number of medicine packs in the two groups is the same, which is 3 to 7.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] Using drones for directional focused blasting of isolated boulders on slopes can significantly improve blasting safety through remote operation. To achieve this directional blasting capability, a directional focused charge with a "focusing hole" is designed. Two groups of charges are crossed to form a V-shaped structure, secured with a fixing plate. During detonation, the explosive tends to focus energy toward the opening, allowing for directional blasting of isolated boulders without contacting them.

[0017] The device is simple and convenient to manufacture, and the fixing plate can be replaced by a template, wood board, acrylic board, etc., which has a low manufacturing cost. The use of drones for the placement of directional shaped charge charges has a high degree of automation and can ensure the safety of blasting operators while performing blasting operations.

[0018] This device is suitable for blasting various types of boulders and large blocks in the open areas of various slopes, and can achieve directional blasting, ensuring the blasting throwing direction of the boulders to the greatest extent, ensuring the safety and stability of the slope structure, and can be promoted and used in various types of boulders and large blocks blasting areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a directional shaped charge.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top view of the directional shaped charge.

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of drone directional blasting of boulders on slope.

[0022] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the suspension of the drone and the towing rope.

[0023] The meanings of the symbols in the figure are as follows:

[0024] 10. Slope; 20. Boulder; 30. Directed shaped charge; 31. Charge; 32. Fixing plate; 33. Connecting rod; 40. Detonating network; 41. Detonating cord; 42. Detonating cap; 50. UAV; 60. Towing rope; 61. Suspension ring; 62. Fixing nail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0026] Example 1

[0027] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 A directional shaped charge consists of two groups of charges 31 intersecting at a set angle to form a V-shaped structure. The openings of the charges 31 form a focused hole, enhancing directional blasting performance. Each charge 31 is connected to a blasting cap 42, which is positioned away from the opening formed by the charge 31.

[0028] The directional focused charge 30 also includes a fixing plate 32 and a connecting rod 33. The fixing plate 32 includes a V-shaped plate set at a set angle. The material can be a metal element, alloy, carbon plate, wood board or polymer material, etc. The fixing plate 32 is set in contact with the charge 31, and a connecting rod 33 is set between adjacent sides of the plate to stabilize the structure.

[0029] The angles of the fixed plate 32 and the explosive charge 32 are generally set within a range of 30° to 90°. In practice, the opening angle is adjusted based on the hardness and structure of the material and the desired crushing effect. For example, hard rock generally requires a smaller opening angle to concentrate the blasting energy, while softer materials or when a larger crushing area is desired can use a larger opening angle.

[0030] The two plates of the fixing plate 32 can be provided as a whole or connected by a hinge or the like. According to the engineering conditions, the setting angle between the charge packs 31 can be adjusted to meet the energy-gathering hole design of different directional energy-gathering charges 30 .

[0031] In this embodiment, the explosive packages 31 are emulsion explosive packages. Two groups of explosive packages 31 are symmetrically arranged. The number of explosive packages 31 in each group is determined according to the specific project conditions. For example, when the diameter is within the range of 30 to 50 mm, the number of explosive packages in each group is the same, namely 3 to 7.

[0032] The medicine bag 31 and the fixing plate 32 can be connected by means of electrical tape, adhesive bonding, etc.

[0033] In order to further fix the medicine package 31 and the fixing plate 32, a hole can be opened on the fixing plate 32, and the medicine package 31 can be fixed to the fixing plate 32 by a cable tie, or an anchoring structure can be set on the fixing plate 32, and the anchoring structure can be connected by a cable tie to fix the medicine package 31 to the fixing plate 32.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, there is a large crack between the isolated rock 20 on the free surface of the side slope 10 of the open pit mine and the free surface of the side slope 10. The drilling and charging machinery cannot enter, and the construction is difficult. Unmanned aerial vehicle blasting can be used. The directional blasting package 30 is used to blast the isolated rock on the side slope, which includes the following steps:

[0036] S1. Use the camera system on the airborne drone 50 to determine the size of the boulder 20 and the engineering environment, assess the potential risk of blasting, determine the throwing direction of the boulder 20, and find the optimal blasting location.

[0037] S2. Select an appropriate amount of emulsion explosive based on the size of the boulder 20 and the project environment, and prepare it into a directional shaped charge 30. Then, select a traction rope 60 of appropriate length based on the distance from the safe position on the slope 10 to the blasting position of the boulder 20. The end of the traction rope is fixedly connected to the directional shaped charge 30, and the directional shaped charge 30 is connected to the detonation network 40. In the detonation network 40, the detonating cord 41 is fixedly arranged along the traction rope 60.

[0038] S3. A suspension ring 61 is provided on the rope segment of the traction rope 60. The suspension ring 61 is an electric hook, or the suspension ring 61 is connected to the drone 50 via an electric hook, and the drone 50 pulls the directional shaped charge 30 to the blasting location.

[0039] S4. Control the UAV 50 to disconnect from the suspension ring 61, and adjust the length of the traction rope 60 by pulling the traction rope 60 and adjusting the fixed position of the traction rope 60 to keep the directional shaped charge 30 in the optimal blasting position.

[0040] In steps S3-S4, the blasting operator controls the drone 50 by remote control to lift the directional shaped charge 30 to the blasting location of the boulder 20. After the drone 50 reaches the blasting location of the boulder 20, the drone 50 is controlled to gradually move the directional shaped charge 30 closer to the blasting location of the boulder 20 from far above the boulder 20 with the assistance of the drone's camera system.

[0041] First, the flying altitude of the UAV 50 is lowered so that the traction rope 60 gradually approaches the boulder 20. During the process of controlling the UAV 50 to slowly descend, the traction rope 60 is pulled at a safe position on the slope 10, and the posture of the directional shaped charge 30 is adjusted by the flight posture of the UAV 50 to maintain the posture and position of the directional shaped charge 30 at the blasting position of the boulder 20, so that the energy-gathering hole of the directional shaped charge 30 faces the boulder.

[0042] During the process of the UAV 50 hoisting the directional focused charge 30 , the operator is also configured to remotely observe the hoisting posture of the directional focused charge 30 through a telescope to ensure the accurate positioning of the directional focused charge 30 .

[0043] Then, the directional shaped charge 30 is released by remotely controlling the drone 50 to be unhooked from the suspension ring 61. The downward displacement of the directional shaped charge 30 after release is fine-tuned by pulling the traction rope 61 at a safe position on the slope 10. The directional shaped charge 30 is positioned at the blasting position by pulling it at a safe position on the slope 10. After the directional shaped charge 30 is accurately positioned at the blasting position of the boulder 20, the traction rope 60 is anchored at a safe position at the top of the slope 10 by the fixing nail 62.

[0044] S5. After the deployment is complete, the drone 50 is controlled to inspect the entire detonation network 40 and the reliability of the directional shaped charge 30 at the blasting location. The workers are evacuated to a safe area, the directional shaped charge 30 is detonated, and the boulder 20 is directionally blasted. During the blasting, it is necessary to ensure that no personnel or construction machinery are within the range of the boulder 20 after the blast to avoid casualties and property losses.

[0045] After the blasting is completed, the blasting effect can be checked again by the drone 50. For particularly thick and large boulders, if one directional focused energy blasting cannot eliminate the impact of the boulder 20 on the free surface of the slope 10, steps S1 to S5 are repeated to perform directional blasting on the boulder 20 again. The subsequent blasting is as close to the same vertical direction as the previous blasting as possible to facilitate the throwing of the boulder 20 until the boulder 20 is completely processed.

[0046] In the above method, the specific form of the detonation network 40 can be selected from existing means, as long as it can ensure that the directed shaped charge 30 can be safely detonated.

[0047] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A directional shaped charge for blasting boulders on slopes by drone, characterized in that: The invention comprises two groups of explosive bags (31) intersecting at a set angle to form a V-shaped structure. The explosive bags (31) are connected to blasting caps (42). The positions of the blasting caps (42) avoid the opening range formed by the explosive bags (31).

2. The directional shaped charge for blasting boulders on slopes by drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a fixing plate (32) and a connecting rod (33), wherein the fixing plate (32) includes a V-shaped plate arranged at a set angle, the fixing plate (32) is arranged to fit the medicine bag (31), and a connecting rod (33) is arranged between adjacent sides of the plate to stabilize the structure.

3. The directional shaped charge for blasting boulders on slopes by drone according to claim 2, characterized in that: The setting angle of the medicine bag (31) and the setting angle of the fixing plate (32) are both adjustable, and the setting angle of the medicine bag (31) and the setting angle of the fixing plate (32) are the same, ranging from 30° to 90°.

4. The directional shaped charge for blasting boulders on slopes by drone according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing plate (32) and the medicine bag (31) are fixedly connected by glue or tape.

5. The directional shaped charge for blasting boulders on slopes by drone according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing plate (32) is provided with a through hole or an anchoring structure, and the medicine pack (31) is bound to the fixing plate (32) by passing a cable tie through the through hole, or the medicine pack (31) is connected to the anchoring structure by a cable tie and fixedly connected to the fixing plate (32).

6. The directional shaped charge for blasting boulders on slopes by drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drug package (31) is an emulsion explosive drug package.

7. The directional shaped charge for blasting boulders on slopes by drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medicine bags (31) are symmetrically arranged, and the number of the two groups of medicine bags (31) is the same, which is 3 to 7.

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