Power transformer fault alarm device based on vibration signals

Abstract

The utility model provides a power transformer fault alarm device based on vibration signals. The power transformer fault alarm device comprises a piezoelectric vibration detection module, a master control module and an alarm module. The piezoelectric vibration detection module is in signal connection with the main control module, and the alarm module is in signal connection with the main control module; at least one part of the piezoelectric vibration detection module is fixed on the power transformer; the main control module sends an alarm signal to the alarm module according to a signal collected by the piezoelectric vibration detection module. According to the power transformer fault alarm device based on the vibration signals, fault detection of the power transformer is achieved by continuously monitoring the vibration signals, and the operation condition of equipment can be better known. Compared with an existing detection device, the device has the advantages that problems can be found in advance and in time through vibration detection, fault expansion is avoided, the maintenance cost is reduced, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of equipment failure monitoring, in particular to a power transformer failure alarm device based on vibration signals. Background Art

[0002] Power transformers, especially large ones, are key components of power grids. Their reliability directly impacts the stability of grid operations. However, with the rapid increase in the number of transformers in operation and their increasing service life, environmental adaptability issues inherent in their design, construction, and workmanship are gradually becoming apparent. Over long-term operation, their internal windings and cores can deform, twist, and become loose due to factors such as sudden short circuits, resonance, and aging. Statistics show that mechanical failures in windings and cores account for 55.6% of transformer accidents.

[0003] Current maintenance of power transformers relies primarily on manual inspections. Routine maintenance tasks for maintenance personnel include clearing accumulated water and dirt from the transformer's lower section, flushing the cooler, replacing the silicone inside the breather, and cleaning the transformer's exterior. However, manual inspections are time-consuming and rely on experience, preventing real-time monitoring. Power transformers are generally equipped with integrated alarms, but these devices primarily address typical line fault scenarios, such as phase loss, current loss, and voltage loss. However, they are unable to detect other abnormal operating conditions of the power transformer. For example, when the transformer's internal windings or core exhibit an abnormality, while still functioning and insufficient to cause noticeable line abnormalities, the power transformer is actually faulty and requires urgent maintenance. Such undetected power transformer faults often become early-stage potential hazards that could lead to line failures, and therefore must be promptly identified and addressed. However, existing alarm devices primarily monitor the operating current or voltage of the power transformer, failing to reliably detect early-stage potential hazards within the transformer. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to provide early and timely detection of the working status of the power transformer and discover problems early, the present application provides a power transformer fault alarm device based on vibration signals.

[0005] The utility model provides a power transformer fault alarm device based on vibration signals, comprising a piezoelectric vibration detection module, a main control module and an alarm module; the piezoelectric vibration detection module and the main control module are connected by signal, and the alarm module and the main control module are connected by signal; at least one part of the piezoelectric vibration detection module is fixed on the power transformer; the main control module sends an alarm signal to the alarm module according to the signal collected by the piezoelectric vibration detection module.

[0006] Preferably, it further includes a self-powered module, which is electrically connected to the piezoelectric vibration detection module, the main control module and the alarm module.

[0007] Preferably, the piezoelectric vibration detection module includes a plurality of piezoelectric sensors and a signal processing module matched therewith; the piezoelectric sensors are mechanically fixed to the power transformer; the signal processing module is signal-connected to the piezoelectric sensors and the main control module.

[0008] Preferably, the piezoelectric sensor is placed on the front and top surfaces of the power transformer box.

[0009] Preferably, the main control module includes a main control chip, a memory chip and an analog-to-digital converter; the memory chip and the analog-to-digital converter are both signal-connected to the main control chip.

[0010] Preferably, the alarm module includes a wireless transmission module, which transmits the alarm signal using a wireless transmission method.

[0011] Preferably, the self-powered module includes at least one vibration energy collector to collect the vibration energy of the power transformer and convert it into electrical energy.

[0012] Preferably, the vibration energy collector includes a base fixed on the transformer housing, the coil and the base are elastically connected, and the magnet and the base are fixedly connected.

[0013] The vibration-based power transformer fault alarm device of the present invention detects power transformer faults by continuously monitoring vibration signals, providing a better understanding of equipment operating conditions. Compared to existing detection devices, this device offers the advantage of being able to detect problems early and promptly through vibration detection, preventing further escalation of faults, reducing maintenance costs, and extending equipment life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a power transformer fault alarm device based on vibration signals of the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the piezoelectric vibration detection module 2 of the power transformer fault alarm device based on vibration signals of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the main control module 3 of the power transformer fault alarm device based on vibration signals of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the self-powered module 1 of the power transformer fault alarm device based on vibration signals of the present invention.

[0018] In the picture:

[0019] 1: Self-powered module; 11: Base; 12: Coil; 13: Magnet; 14: Elastic element; 2: Piezoelectric vibration detection module; 3: Main control module; 31: Main control chip; 32: Storage chip; 33: Analog-to-digital converter; 4: Alarm module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following is a detailed description of this patent type in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In this specification, the dimensions of the drawings do not represent the actual size ratios. The drawings are only used to reflect the relative position relationship and connection relationship between the various components. Components with the same name or the same number represent similar or identical structures and are only for illustrative purposes.

[0021] Figure 1 The diagram is a structural diagram of the power transformer fault alarm device based on vibration signals. The power transformer fault alarm device based on vibration signals includes a piezoelectric vibration detection module 2, a main control module 3 and an alarm module 4. Preferably, a self-powered module 1 may also be included. The piezoelectric vibration detection module 2 is connected to the main control module 3 by signal, and the alarm module 4 is connected to the main control module 3 by signal. The piezoelectric vibration detection module 2 is used to collect mechanical vibrations during operation of the power transformer, and for this purpose, at least one part of the module is fixed on the power transformer. The main control module 3 is used to analyze the signal collected by the piezoelectric vibration detection module 2 to determine whether the operating status of the power transformer is normal, and send the corresponding signal to the alarm module 4. The alarm module 4 provides an alarm prompt. The specific alarm method can be local or remote, and the alarm form is not limited to sound, light, text, image and other information.

[0022] The piezoelectric vibration detection module 2 generally includes a number of piezoelectric sensors and a signal processing module supporting them. The piezoelectric sensors are used to obtain the vibration frequency of the power transformer. The piezoelectric sensors are usually mechanically fixed to the housing or other structural parts of the power transformer. Mechanical fixation refers to the piezoelectric vibration detection module 2 being a fixed constraint with no degrees of freedom to the object to which it is fixed. In practical applications, fixing methods such as gluing, welding, and threaded connection can be used. In this way, the piezoelectric sensors in the piezoelectric vibration detection module 2 can follow the vibration of the housing or structural parts of the power transformer and accurately measure the vibration frequency of the power transformer during operation.

[0023] Several piezoelectric sensors can be set to obtain the vibration status of different areas of the power transformer. Figure 2 One implementation method is given, in which the piezoelectric sensors can be arranged on the front and top surfaces of the power transformer box. In the illustrated embodiment, there are 6 piezoelectric sensors, which are fixed at three locations in the lower 1 / 3 of the front surface and three locations on the top of the power transformer box.

[0024] The signal processing module is connected to both the piezoelectric sensor and the main control module. It primarily amplifies and processes the vibration signal collected by the piezoelectric sensor. The piezoelectric sensor simulates the vibration amplitude into a voltage, which the signal processing module filters and amplifies before sending to the main control module 3. The amplifier in the signal processing module can be an LM393 amplifier.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, the main control module 3 includes a main control chip 31, a memory chip 32 and an analog-to-digital converter 33. The memory chip 32 and the analog-to-digital converter 33 are both connected to the main control chip 31 by signal. The signal processing module of the piezoelectric vibration detection module 2 is connected to the analog-to-digital converter 33 of the main control module 3 by signal. The analog-to-digital converter 33 converts the analog signal from the signal processing module of the piezoelectric vibration detection module 2 into an electrical signal and sends it to the input / output port of the main control chip 31. The memory chip 32 is optional to store the operating data of the main control chip 31, such as communication data, monitoring logs and some system configuration parameters that need to be saved when the power is off. In the embodiment of the present application, the main control chip 31 adopts the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer, the memory chip 32 adopts the 24C02C chip, and the analog-to-digital converter 33 adopts the ADC0808 chip.

[0026] The alarm module 4 receives the signal sent by the main control module 3 and acts. If an alarm signal is received, an alarm signal is sent. The alarm module 4 can be a local sound and light alarm device. In a preferred embodiment, considering that the system power supply is limited and it is inconvenient to receive local alarm information, it is preferred to use a wireless method to realize remote alarm. Therefore, it includes a wireless transmission module, which uses wireless serial port communication to achieve signal transmission operations with a transmission distance of at least 1km and a transmission speed of 4~5KB / s. For specific applications, reference can be made to the implementation of the HC-12 wireless module. After the host computer or the main control console receives the alarm information sent by the alarm module 4, it can output the corresponding alarm content to remind relevant personnel to pay attention.

[0027] The self-powered module 1 obtains energy from the mechanical vibration of the power transformer to realize the self-power of the system. It includes at least one vibration energy harvester to collect the vibration energy of the power transformer and convert it into electrical energy. It is also preferably provided with a rechargeable battery as a backup for the vibration energy harvester and as an energy buffer during normal operation to ensure the stability and reliability of the system power supply. The vibration energy harvester can be referred to Figure 4 The transformer includes a base 11 fixed to the transformer housing, with a coil 12 elastically connected to the base 11. Specifically, the base 11 and coil 12 are connected via an elastic element 14. A magnet 13 is fixedly connected to the base 11, and the coil 12 is sleeved around the magnet 13. After the base 11 is fixed to the power transformer, the coil 12 vibrates around the magnet 13 due to vibration, generating electricity.

[0028] The control function of the main control module 3 can be simply implemented as follows. Since the frequency range of the power transformer's casing vibration is 0 to 2 kHz during normal operation, there is a significant increase in amplitude at the 150 Hz-200 Hz frequency division during a fault. Therefore, the frequency range of the piezoelectric sensor in the piezoelectric vibration detection module 2 is 0 to 2 kHz, and its resonant frequency is set to approximately 200 Hz, with a resolution of no less than 0.0005 g. After receiving the voltage signal collected by the piezoelectric vibration detection module 2, the main control module 3 simply determines whether the collected frequency exceeds a preset threshold. If so, the radio alarm module is activated. The preset threshold can be set at around 200 Hz.

[0029] The above content only describes the preferred implementation methods of this patent type and does not limit the scope of this patent type. Without departing from the design spirit of this patent type, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of this patent type by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of this patent type.

Claims

1. A power transformer fault alarm device based on vibration signal, characterized in that: It comprises a piezoelectric vibration detection module (2), a main control module (3) and an alarm module (4); A signal connection is established between the piezoelectric vibration detection module (2) and the main control module (3), and a signal connection is established between the alarm module (4) and the main control module (3); at least one portion of the piezoelectric vibration detection module (2) is fixed on a power transformer; the main control module (3) sends an alarm signal to the alarm module (4) based on a signal collected by the piezoelectric vibration detection module (2); and a self-powered module (1) is also included, and the self-powered module (1) is electrically connected to the piezoelectric vibration detection module (2), the main control module (3), and the alarm module (4); The self-powered module (1) comprises at least one vibration energy collector for collecting vibration energy of the power transformer and converting it into electrical energy; The vibration energy collector comprises a base (11) fixedly mounted on a transformer housing, a coil (12) elastically connected to the base (11), and a magnet (13) fixedly connected to the base (11); The coil is arranged on the periphery of the magnet. After the base is fixed on the power transformer, the coil vibrates around the magnet under the influence of vibration to generate electricity.

2. The power transformer fault alarm device based on vibration signal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric vibration detection module (2) comprises a plurality of piezoelectric sensors and a signal processing module matched therewith; the piezoelectric sensors are mechanically fixed to the power transformer; and the signal processing module is signal-connected to the piezoelectric sensors and the main control module.

3. The power transformer fault alarm device based on vibration signal according to claim 2, characterized in that: The piezoelectric sensors are placed on the front and top surfaces of the box body of the power transformer.

4. The power transformer fault alarm device based on vibration signal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control module (3) comprises a main control chip (31), a memory chip (32) and an analog-to-digital converter (33); the memory chip (32) and the analog-to-digital converter (33) are both signal-connected to the main control chip (31).

5. The power transformer fault alarm device based on vibration signal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm module (4) comprises a wireless transmission module, which transmits the alarm signal in a wireless transmission manner.

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