Sand settling hopper for slag wet separation process
The combined structure of multi-stage sedimentation tanks and cyclones solves the problem of poor fine sand sedimentation in wet slag treatment, achieves efficient recovery of fine sand and separation of sand and water, extends equipment life, and reduces environmental pollution.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422684707.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-05
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-19
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-05
AI Technical Summary
In the existing wet slag treatment process, the fine sand settling effect is poor, resulting in low fine sand recovery rate, affecting the service life of the filter cloth of the filter press and possibly contaminating the groundwater pool.
It adopts a combined structure of multi-stage sedimentation tanks, cyclones and overflow tanks. The sand baffles are used to change the direction of water flow to promote the sedimentation of fine sand. The centrifugal and gravity effects of the cyclones are used to separate sand and water, and the overflow tank is used to separate light suspended matter.
It improves the recovery rate of fine sand, extends the service life of the filter cloth of the filter press, reduces environmental pollution, optimizes water flow distribution, and improves separation efficiency and processing efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223351079U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of slag treatment, in particular to a sand settling hopper used in a slag wet separation process. Background Art
[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization in my country, the amount of municipal solid waste generated has increased rapidly, resulting in a significant increase in land resources. Incineration of municipal solid waste is an effective means of reducing the amount of municipal solid waste. Incineration produces slag, which accounts for 20% to 25% of the total waste incinerated. The timely and stable disposal of slag is crucial to the smooth operation of municipal solid waste incineration power generation projects. Currently, the main domestic slag treatment process is a wet process. Through the impact of water, valuable metals such as iron, copper, and zinc are recovered. The sorted slag is then used to produce recycled building blocks.
[0003] However, wet slag treatment technology requires water to clean and separate metal particles during the production process. The existing sand settling hopper is not structurally designed properly, resulting in inefficient sedimentation and collection of fine sand, and a low fine sand recovery rate. Fine sand and mud flow through the water trough into the underground water tank. The circulating water flowing into the underground water tank is pumped into the filter press by the mud pump for filtration to separate the mud and water. The fine sand in the mud entering the filter press will affect the service life of the filter cloth of the filter press and also affect the recovery rate of fine sand. Therefore, improving the fine sand sedimentation rate can effectively solve the pain points and difficulties faced by the wet slag separation process.
[0004] CN217613482U discloses a sand hopper structure for comprehensive slag utilization and treatment, comprising a sand hopper body and a filter assembly. The sidewalls of the sand hopper body are connected to a water inlet and outlet troughs, respectively, and a sealing assembly is slidably connected to the bottom of the sand hopper body. However, this sand hopper does not effectively settle fine sand. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art and provide a sand settling hopper for the slag wet selection process. The sand settling hopper promotes the sedimentation of fine sand through a multi-stage sedimentation tank, improves the sedimentation rate of fine sand, and then completely separates the fine sand from water through the centrifugal and gravity effects of the cyclone; at the same time, light suspended matter is separated and discharged through the overflow tank, ensuring the effective recovery of fine sand.
[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
[0007] A sand settling hopper for a slag wet separation process comprises a water inlet trough, a multi-stage sedimentation trough, a sand discharge trough, and a sand collection well with a sand pump installed therein; the water inlet trough is arranged at the water inlet end of the multi-stage sedimentation trough, the sand discharge trough is arranged at the sand discharge end of the multi-stage sedimentation trough, the sand collection well is arranged at the output end of the sand discharge trough, and the sand pump is connected to a cyclone;
[0008] The multi-stage sedimentation tank includes a plurality of sedimentation tanks connected in sequence, and the tops of the plurality of sedimentation tanks are interconnected; the lower part of the sedimentation tank is a V-shaped bottom, and a sand discharge port and a regulating valve are provided at the bottom end; the inner cavity of the sedimentation tank is provided with a plurality of sand retaining plates, and the sand retaining plates are inclined and the bottom ends are lower than the top ends of the connecting walls of two adjacent sedimentation tanks; the water outlet end of the multi-stage sedimentation tank is provided with an overflow tank, and the top end of the overflow tank is lower than the top end of the multi-stage sedimentation tank.
[0009] As a preference, an overflow port is provided on the upper end surface of the overflow trough, and a gap is left between the side wall of the overflow trough and the side wall of the multi-stage sedimentation tank.
[0010] As a preference, a serrated structure is provided on the overflow port.
[0011] As a preference, the water outlet of the water inlet tank is arranged above the multi-stage sedimentation tank, and the water outlet is provided with a mesh structure.
[0012] As a preference, the sand discharge trough is arranged below the sand discharge port, the end of the sand discharge trough is erected above the sand collecting well, and the output port of the sand discharge trough is provided with a mesh structure.
[0013] As a preference, the side wall of the sand collecting well is an inclined surface inclined in the vertical direction.
[0014] As a preference, the cyclone is provided with a sand settling port and a drainage pipe, the sand settling port corresponds to the feed port of the vibrating dewatering screen, and the drainage pipe is connected to an underground water pool.
[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the cyclones are connected in series and in parallel through pipelines.
[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the cyclone includes a primary cyclone and a secondary cyclone;
[0017] The input end of the primary cyclone is connected to the output end of the sand pump, and the sand settling port of the primary cyclone corresponds to the feed port of the vibrating dewatering screen; the drainage pipe of the primary cyclone is respectively connected to the input ends of multiple secondary cyclones;
[0018] The sand settling port of the secondary cyclone corresponds to the feed port of the vibrating dewatering screen; and the drainage pipes of the plurality of secondary cyclones are respectively connected to the underground water pool.
[0019] As a preference, a support frame is provided at the bottom of the multi-stage sedimentation tank.
[0020] In general, the utility model has the following advantages:
[0021] 1. Improve the recovery rate of fine sand: The sand baffle changes the direction of water flow, effectively promoting the sinking of fine sand and improving the recovery rate of fine sand. The multi-stage sedimentation tank is formed by setting up multiple sedimentation tanks connected in sequence to further promote the sedimentation of fine sand and improve the sedimentation rate of fine sand. The fine sand is discharged from the sand outlet into the sand collection well and then pumped into the cyclone for further separation. The cyclone completely separates the fine sand from the water through centrifugal and gravity effects. The light suspended matter is separated and discharged through the overflow tank, ensuring the effective recovery of fine sand.
[0022] 2. Extend the service life of the filter cloth of the filter press: By increasing the fine sand recovery rate, reducing the amount of fine sand entering the underground water pool with the water flow, thereby reducing the amount of fine sand entering the filter press, significantly reducing the wear of the filter cloth of the filter press by fine sand, extending the service life of the filter cloth and reducing maintenance costs.
[0023] 3. Optimize water flow distribution: The mesh structure set at the water outlet of the water inlet trough, the mesh structure set at the output port of the sand discharge trough, and the serrated structure set at the overflow port of the overflow trough are used to evenly distribute the water flow, which can slow down the direct impact of the water flow on the multi-stage sedimentation tank, the bottom of the sand collection well and the overflow trough, reduce the impact on the equipment, and extend the service life of the equipment; the sand retaining plate, mesh structure and serrated structure change the speed and direction of the water flow, and disperse the water flow into multiple small streams, increasing the surface area of the water flow, which is conducive to the further precipitation of fine particles, enhances the precipitation of fine particles, improves the separation effect of materials with different densities, and improves the overall precipitation efficiency to ensure that the device can achieve the best sorting effect in the hydraulic sorting link of the wet separation process.
[0024] 4. Improve processing efficiency: The side walls of the sand collecting well gradually tilt inward from top to bottom, forming a cone or funnel-shaped space, which helps the fine sand to slide naturally to the bottom of the sand collecting well under the action of gravity, reducing the retention time of the fine sand and improving the working efficiency of the sand pump.
[0025] 5. Simplified operation and maintenance: A regulating valve is provided at the sand outlet, which can conveniently adjust the sand content in the sand-water mixture at the sand outlet, simplifying the operation process.
[0026] 6. Enhance the efficiency of sand-water separation: cyclones coexist in series and parallel. The efficiency of sand-water separation is ensured by increasing the number of cyclone series stages and adjusting the cyclone model. The on-site processing capacity requirements are met by increasing the number of cyclone parallel stages.
[0027] 7. A support frame is provided at the bottom of the multi-stage sedimentation tank, which increases the stability of the device and ensures the reliability of long-term operation.
[0028] 8. Environmental protection: By effectively separating fine sand, it reduces the situation where fine sand enters the underground water pool with water flow, thus reducing pollution to the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0029] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a sand settling hopper used in a slag wet separation process of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 2 This is a top view of the sand settling hopper used in the slag wet separation process of the utility model;
[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sand collecting well of the present utility model;
[0032] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sedimentation tank of the utility model;
[0033] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the overflow trough of the utility model;
[0034] Among them: 1. Water inlet trough; 2. Multi-stage sedimentation tank; 2-1. Sedimentation tank; 2-2. Sand discharge port; 2-3. Regulating valve; 2-4. Connecting wall; 3. Sand discharge trough; 4. Sand collecting well; 5. Cyclone; 6. Sand pump; 7. Sand retaining plate; 8. Overflow trough; 9. Support frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.
[0036] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a sand settling hopper for slag wet selection process includes a water inlet trough, a multi-stage sedimentation trough, a sand discharge trough and a sand collection well with a sand pump arranged inside.
[0037] The water inlet trough is arranged at the water inlet end of the multi-stage sedimentation tank, the water outlet of the water inlet trough is set above the multi-stage sedimentation tank, and the water outlet is provided with a mesh structure (see Figure 2 The mesh structure consists of multiple evenly spaced small holes with a pore size of 5-10 mm (the pore size can be customized to meet specific needs). This ensures even water distribution and filters out larger impurities. The mesh structure is welded or bolted to the outlet of the inlet trough, ensuring a secure and reliable fit that will not fall off due to the impact of the water flow. The mesh structure of the inlet trough helps evenly distribute the water flow, balances the water flow at the inlet end, mitigates the impact of the water flow on the multi-stage sedimentation tank, and prevents large impurities from entering the multi-stage sedimentation tank.
[0038] The sand discharge trough is set at the sand discharge end of the multi-stage sedimentation tank, the sand discharge trough is set below the sand discharge port, the end of the sand discharge trough is erected above the sand collection well, the top of the sand collection well is lower than the sand discharge end of the multi-stage sedimentation tank, ensuring that the sand discharge trough is at a certain inclination angle, so that the fine sand can flow smoothly under the action of gravity and reduce retention. The output port of the sand discharge trough is provided with a mesh structure (see Figure 2The mesh structure consists of multiple evenly spaced small holes with a pore size of 5-10 mm (the pore size can be customized to meet specific needs). This ensures even water distribution and filters out larger impurities. The mesh structure is welded or bolted to the outlet of the inlet trough, ensuring a secure and reliable fit that will not fall apart due to water flow. The mesh structure of the sand trough helps evenly distribute the water flow, balancing the water flow at the inlet and mitigating the impact of the water flow on the sand collection well.
[0039] The mesh structure of the sand discharge trough is used to balance the water flow at the output port and reduce the impact of the water flow on the bottom of the sand collection well.
[0040] The sand collecting well is arranged at the output end of the sand drain trough; the side wall of the sand collecting well is an inclined surface inclined in the vertical direction. Specifically, the bottom of the sand collecting well of the utility model is parallel to the horizontal plane, which is convenient for placing the sand pump. The side wall of the sand collecting well gradually tilts inward from the top to the bottom, forming an inclined surface (see Figure 3 This design allows the fine sand to naturally slide to the bottom of the sand collection pit under the action of gravity. The sand pump inlet is located at the lowest point of the sand collection pit, ensuring that all fine sand entering the sand collection pit is effectively extracted by the sand pump. The angle of the inclined surface is usually set between 30° and 45° to ensure that the fine sand slides smoothly without being trapped on the side walls. The inner wall of the sand collection pit can be made of smooth materials such as stainless steel or steel plates with a wear-resistant coating to reduce friction and further promote the flow of fine sand.
[0041] The sand pump is connected to a cyclone, which is equipped with a sand settling port and a drainage pipe. The sand settling port corresponds to the feed port of the vibrating dewatering screen, and the drainage pipe is connected to the underground water pool. The cyclone separates fine sand from water through centrifugal and gravity effects.
[0042] The cyclones are connected in series and in parallel through pipelines.
[0043] Specifically, the cyclone includes a primary cyclone and a secondary cyclone. The input end of the primary cyclone is connected to the output end of the sand pump. The sand settling port of the primary cyclone corresponds to the feed port of the vibrating dewatering screen. The separated solid particles are fed into the vibrating dewatering screen through a pipeline or position setting. The drainage pipe of the primary cyclone is respectively connected to the input ends of the two secondary cyclones. The liquid and fine particles after preliminary separation are transported to the secondary cyclone through the pipeline.
[0044] The sedimentation port of the secondary cyclone corresponds to the feed port of the vibrating dewatering screen, and the separated fine solid particles are fed into the vibrating dewatering screen through pipelines or position settings; the drainage pipes of the two secondary cyclones are respectively connected to the underground water pool to discharge the separated liquid into the underground water pool.
[0045] The first-stage cyclone is a 500-type cyclone, and the second-stage cyclone is a 300-type cyclone.
[0046] The multi-stage sedimentation tank includes a plurality of sedimentation tanks connected in sequence, the tops of the plurality of sedimentation tanks are interconnected; the lower part of the sedimentation tank is a V-shaped bottom, and the bottom end is provided with a sand discharge port and a regulating valve; the inner cavity of the sedimentation tank is provided with a plurality of sand retaining plates, the bottom end of the sand retaining plates is tilted and lower than the top end of the connecting wall of the two adjacent sedimentation tanks, and is used to change the direction of water flow and promote the sinking of fine sand. The two ends of the sand retaining plates are respectively fixed on the inner walls of the sedimentation tank on both sides (see Figure 4 ).
[0047] Specifically, the multi-stage sedimentation tank of the utility model includes three sedimentation tanks connected in sequence, namely the first sedimentation tank, the second sedimentation tank and the third sedimentation tank. The tops of these three sedimentation tanks are interconnected to form a continuous water flow channel, ensuring that the water flow can flow smoothly from one sedimentation tank to the next.
[0048] The multi-stage sedimentation tank can effectively and gradually separate the fine sand in the water, thereby improving the recovery rate of fine sand. The V-shaped bottom and sand retaining plate design of each sedimentation tank enable the fine sand to settle step by step according to the particle size, while the sand discharge port and regulating valve ensure the orderly discharge of fine sand. This structure not only optimizes the fine sand separation process, but also improves the processing efficiency and stability of the entire sand settling hopper device.
[0049] The multi-stage sedimentation tank is provided with an overflow trough at the water outlet. The top of the overflow trough is lower than the top of the multi-stage sedimentation tank. The output end of the overflow trough passes through the side wall of the multi-stage sedimentation tank and extends to the outside of the multi-stage sedimentation tank. Water flows from the multi-stage sedimentation tank to the underground water pool and finally discharges out of the sedimentation hopper. The overflow trough is used to discharge light suspended matter.
[0050] The upper end face of the overflow trough is provided with an overflow port, and a gap is left between the side wall of the overflow trough and the side wall of the multi-stage sedimentation tank. The overflow trough is located at the top of the water outlet end of the multi-stage sedimentation tank, and is used to collect and discharge light suspended matter after multi-stage sedimentation. A distance is maintained between the side wall of the overflow trough and the side wall of the multi-stage sedimentation tank, and this distance is set to 5-15 cm (the specific value can be adjusted according to actual needs). This gap design is to ensure that lightweight materials can flow smoothly from the multi-stage sedimentation tank into the overflow trough, prevent solid particles from accumulating at the overflow port, avoid solid particle accumulation and blockage problems caused by direct contact, and if a small amount of solid particles accumulate, it can be maintained through simple cleaning operations, which will not affect the use of the entire device.
[0051] The overflow port is provided with a sawtooth structure (see Figure 5The serrations consist of multiple evenly spaced small triangular or trapezoidal protrusions, each 20 mm high and 30 mm wide, with a spacing of 50 mm. (The height and width of each protrusion can be customized based on actual needs.) The overflow's serrations disperse the water flow into multiple smaller streams, reducing direct impact on the overflow trough's sidewalls and ensuring a smoother flow. Furthermore, the serrations increase the surface area of the water flow, aiding in the further settling of fine particles.
[0052] A support frame is provided at the bottom of the multi-stage sedimentation tank, and the support frame is used to ensure the stability and reliability of the device.
[0053] The working principle of this utility model:
[0054] Fine sand sedimentation process:
[0055] The slurry water after wet treatment of slag flows into the multi-stage sedimentation tank through the water inlet trough. The mesh structure of the water inlet and outlet prevents the water flow from impacting the multi-stage sedimentation tank. When the water flows into the first sedimentation tank, the large and fine sand in the water will change its movement direction when encountering the sand retaining plate in the first sedimentation tank, and will change from forward movement to downward movement, and gradually settle to the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the first sedimentation tank, and these large and fine sand will settle above the sand discharge port of the first sedimentation tank; the medium and fine sand that has not settled in the water will continue to move forward with the water flow into the second sedimentation tank. When the medium and fine sand in the water encounter the sand retaining plate in the second sedimentation tank, it will change its movement direction from forward movement to downward movement, and gradually settle to the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the second sedimentation tank, and these medium and fine sand will settle above the sand discharge port of the second sedimentation tank; the remaining small fine sand will enter the third sedimentation tank with the water flow. When the small fine sand in the water encounters the sand retaining plate in the third sedimentation tank, it will change its movement direction from forward movement to downward movement, and gradually settle to the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the third sedimentation tank, and these small fine sand will settle above the sand discharge port of the third sedimentation tank;
[0056] The settled fine sand is discharged through the sand discharge port. The regulating valve at the sand discharge port can adjust the sand discharge volume to control the discharge speed of the fine sand; the sand discharge trough is set below the sand discharge port, and the fine sand discharged from each sand discharge port is finally collected in the sand discharge trough, and then flows into the sand collecting well through the sand discharge trough. The mesh structure of the sand discharge trough output port prevents the water flow from impacting the sand collecting well; the sand pump in the sand collecting well draws the fine sand into the cyclone, and the cyclone separates the fine sand and water through centrifugal and gravity action. The fine sand is discharged from the sand settling port and falls into the vibrating dewatering screen for dehydration, and then sent to the conveyor belt and finally piled in the sand pile. The water flows into the underground water pool through the drainage pipe.
[0057] Overflow process:
[0058] The top of the overflow trough is slightly lower than the top of the multi-stage sedimentation tank, and the serrated structure of the overflow port causes an impact on the multi-stage sedimentation tank. The muddy water after sedimentation flows into the underground water pool through the overflow trough.
[0059] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present invention. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A sand settling hopper for slag wet separation process, characterized by: It includes a water inlet trough, a multi-stage sedimentation trough, a sand discharge trough, and a sand collection well with a sand pump installed inside; the water inlet trough is arranged at the water inlet end of the multi-stage sedimentation trough, the sand discharge trough is arranged at the sand discharge end of the multi-stage sedimentation trough, the sand collection well is arranged at the output end of the sand discharge trough, and the sand pump is connected to a cyclone; The multi-stage sedimentation tank includes a plurality of sedimentation tanks connected in sequence, and the tops of the plurality of sedimentation tanks are interconnected; the lower part of the sedimentation tank is a V-shaped bottom, and a sand discharge port and a regulating valve are provided at the bottom end; the inner cavity of the sedimentation tank is provided with a plurality of sand retaining plates, and the sand retaining plates are inclined and the bottom ends are lower than the top ends of the connecting walls of two adjacent sedimentation tanks; the water outlet end of the multi-stage sedimentation tank is provided with an overflow tank, and the top end of the overflow tank is lower than the top end of the multi-stage sedimentation tank.
2. The grit hopper for slag wet separation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: An overflow port is provided on the upper end surface of the overflow trough, and a gap is left between the side wall of the overflow trough and the side wall of the multi-stage sedimentation tank.
3. The sand settling hopper for slag wet separation process according to claim 2, characterized in that: The overflow port is provided with a sawtooth structure.
4. The sand settling hopper for slag wet separation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet of the water inlet tank is arranged above the multi-stage sedimentation tank, and the water outlet is provided with a mesh structure.
5. The sand settling hopper for slag wet separation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand discharge trough is arranged below the sand discharge port, the end of the sand discharge trough is erected above the sand collecting well, and the output port of the sand discharge trough is provided with a mesh structure.
6. The sand settling hopper for slag wet separation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the sand collecting well is an inclined surface inclined in the vertical direction.
7. The sand settling hopper for slag wet separation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone is provided with a sand settling port and a drainage pipe. The sand settling port corresponds to the feed port of the vibrating dewatering screen, and the drainage pipe is connected to the underground water pool.
8. The sand settling hopper for slag wet separation process according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cyclones are connected in series and in parallel through pipelines.
9. The sand settling hopper for slag wet separation process according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cyclone includes a primary cyclone and a secondary cyclone; The input end of the primary cyclone is connected to the output end of the sand pump, and the sand settling port of the primary cyclone corresponds to the feed port of the vibrating dewatering screen; the drainage pipe of the primary cyclone is respectively connected to the input ends of multiple secondary cyclones; The sand settling port of the secondary cyclone corresponds to the feed port of the vibrating dewatering screen; The drainage pipes of the plurality of secondary cyclones are respectively connected to the underground water pool.
10. The sand settling hopper for slag wet separation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support frame is provided at the bottom of the multi-stage sedimentation tank.