Intermittent flow internal circulation culture system for pond

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pond intermittent flow internal circulation culture system which comprises a culture area, a settling pond, a biological filter, an ecological purification area and a clean water pond, the culture area is provided with a plurality of culture tanks, the front ends of the culture tanks are connected with the clean water pond through water inlet gate valves, and the other ends of the culture tanks are connected with the settling pond through sewage discharge channels. A Z-shaped water distribution channel and an inclined plate are arranged in the sedimentation tank to improve the sedimentation effect; the breeding tail water overflows into the biological filter after being precipitated, ammonia nitrogen and nitrous are eliminated through nitrification, then the breeding tail water enters the ecological purification area through the first filter dam, the water quality is further purified through ecological restoration, and then the breeding tail water sequentially enters the clean water tank and the breeding tank through the second filter dam to form a circulating water breeding closed loop; water lifting equipment is arranged in the clean water tank, clean water is intermittently supplied to the breeding area, power is provided for the breeding system, the pond space layout is optimized through the two-area and three-pond facility, the utilization rate of the breeding space is greatly increased, and the multiple effects of high efficiency, low consumption, energy conservation, emission reduction and green breeding are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of pond aquaculture, and in particular relates to an intermittent flow internal circulation aquaculture system in a pond. Background Art

[0002] my country is a major aquaculture country in the world, and its aquatic product output has ranked first in the world for more than 30 consecutive years. Pond aquaculture is the most important production method of aquaculture. At a time when intensive cage aquaculture in large water bodies such as rivers, lakes and reservoirs is being phased out, the industrial status and product supply role of pond aquaculture will be further highlighted. Therefore, how to improve the comprehensive benefits of pond aquaculture and promote the sustainable and high-quality development of the aquaculture industry has become a focus of the industry. Traditional pond aquaculture is a free-range model, in which farmed fish move freely throughout the aquaculture water body, and their feeding and excretion activities are all in the same relatively closed space. When the stocking density increases and the aquaculture carrying capacity of the water body exceeds the self-purification capacity of the pond, if aquaculture waste such as leftover bait and feces cannot be separated and degraded in time, it will result in slow growth of the aquaculture objects, frequent diseases, large amounts of medication, frequent water changes, low overall aquaculture benefits, and increased pressure on the ecological environment, restricting the sustainable development of aquaculture.

[0003] In recent years, a variety of new pond aquaculture systems have emerged in China. These are primarily categorized into two types, in-situ and ex-situ, based on different water treatment methods. In-situ treatment types include: pond flow trough-internal circulation aquaculture systems, green and efficient pond enclosure systems, plant floating bed-pond composite aquaculture systems, and multi-trophic level integrated aquaculture systems; ex-situ treatment types include: "container + ecological pond" aquaculture systems, "land-based circular pond + pond" aquaculture systems, constructed wetland-based pond recirculating water aquaculture systems, and "three ponds, two dams" pond aquaculture water purification systems. However, both types of pond aquaculture systems present the following challenges: a large area occupied by water treatment facilities, resulting in low space utilization for pond aquaculture production; high energy consumption and low efficiency in system operation; large initial construction investments and high maintenance costs; and difficulties in water quality control and aquaculture tailwater treatment. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a pond intermittent flow internal circulation aquaculture system to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0006] A pond intermittent flow internal circulation aquaculture system, comprising a pond body, wherein the pond body comprises:

[0007] A clear water tank, wherein the clear water tank is provided with a water extraction device, the water extraction device is used to provide power for the aquaculture system and perform intermittent extraction and water replenishment, and the clear water tank is provided with a first filter dam, and the first filter dam is filled with ore filler;

[0008] A breeding area, wherein a water inlet valve is provided between the breeding area and the clean water tank, the breeding area is provided with a plurality of breeding tanks, the breeding tanks are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the clean water tank, and a production management walkway is provided between adjacent breeding tanks, the production management walkway is provided along the length direction of the breeding tanks for people to walk on;

[0009] A sedimentation tank is provided adjacent to the aquaculture area, and the bottom of the sedimentation tank is located at a lower position than the bottom of the aquaculture area. The sedimentation tank and the aquaculture area are connected by a drainage channel, and the drainage channel is used to discharge aquaculture tail water into the sedimentation tank. The sedimentation tank is provided with a "Z"-shaped water distribution channel for extending the sedimentation time. The bottom of the sedimentation tank is provided with an inclined plate for accelerating the sedimentation efficiency.

[0010] A biological filter, comprising a filter tank and a second filter dam, wherein the filter tank is filled with biological fillers and the second filter dam is filled with ore fillers, and the aquaculture tail water precipitated in the sedimentation tank overflows into the filter tank and then into the second filter dam in turn;

[0011] An ecological purification zone is arranged adjacent to the biological filter, the clean water pool and the aquaculture area. Submerged plants, water-purifying fish and shrimp, and aquatic plant planting floating beds are cultivated in the ecological purification zone. The aquaculture tail water passes through the ecological purification zone and enters the first filter dam and the clean water pool in turn.

[0012] Preferably, the area of ​​the breeding zone accounts for 40% to 60% of the total area of ​​the pond body, the area of ​​the ecological purification zone accounts for 25% to 45% of the total area of ​​the pond body, the area of ​​the biological filter accounts for 5% of the total area of ​​the pond body, and the area of ​​the sedimentation tank accounts for 5% of the total area of ​​the pond body.

[0013] Preferably, each of the breeding tanks has a length ranging from 30m to 50m, a width ranging from 10m to 12m, and a height ranging from 2m to 2.5m.

[0014] Preferably, the sedimentation tank is provided with a guide plate, and the sedimentation tank is divided by the guide plate to form the "Z"-shaped water distribution channel.

[0015] Preferably, a water-returning wall is provided between the sedimentation tank and the biological filter tank, and the water-returning wall is used to prevent sediment from entering the biological filter tank.

[0016] Preferably, an aeration plate is provided at the bottom of the filter tank, and the aeration plate is used to provide oxygen to the water body.

[0017] Preferably, the filling rate of the biological filler is 20% to 30% of the volume of the biological filter; and / or the biological filler is hydrophilic polyethylene.

[0018] Preferably, the mineral filler is volcanic rock.

[0019] Preferably, the coverage area of ​​the aquatic plant planting floating bed does not exceed 40% of the area of ​​the ecological water purification area.

[0020] Preferably, the breeding area is provided with nano oxygenation tubes and automatic feeding machines. The nano oxygenation tubes are provided on the wall of the breeding tank and close to the bottom of the breeding tank. The automatic feeding machine is provided on the wall of the breeding tank close to the production management walkway.

[0021] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] By optimizing the spatial layout of the pond aquaculture system with "two zones and three ponds" facilities, the ecological function positioning of the pond as mainly aquaculture production and supplemented by water purification is clarified, as well as the relatively independent ecological functions of different facility units. The pond space area used for aquaculture is increased, the utilization rate of pond aquaculture space is greatly improved, and the aquaculture density stress is reduced, which is conducive to the healthy growth of aquaculture objects and reduces feed consumption, achieving multiple effects of green aquaculture with high efficiency, low consumption, energy saving, and emission reduction, and improving the comprehensive benefits of aquaculture; according to the different ecological functions of each unit module of the system facilities, targeted and precise management and maintenance are achieved, the efficiency of aquaculture effluent purification and treatment is improved, the difficulty and cost of maintenance are reduced, and the risk of aquaculture failure is reduced; the operating energy consumption is low, the construction and maintenance costs are low, there is no need for frequent sewage suction and dredging, and the water quality is monitored regularly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic plan view of the intermittent flow internal circulation aquaculture system in a pond according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intermittent flow internal circulation aquaculture system in the pond of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0026] In the attached figure, 1-breeding area, 11-breeding tank, 12-water inlet valve, 13-drainage channel, 14-nano oxygenation tube, 15-automatic feeding machine, 16-production management trail, 2-sedimentation tank, 21-"Z"-shaped water distribution channel, 22-guide plate, 23-inclined plate, 24-water-overturning wall plate; 3-biological filter, 31-aeration plate, 32-biological filler, 33-second filter dam, 34-ore filler, 35-filter tank, 4-ecological purification area, 41-aquatic plant planting floating bed, 42-water purification fish and shrimp, 43-submerged plants, 44-pond drain, 5-clear water tank, 51-first filter dam, 52-water lifting equipment, 53-water inlet diversion trough. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the following part will further describe the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present invention, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and subsequent associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms used in this specification are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0031] To resolve the above issues, please refer to Figures 1 to 3As shown, the utility model provides a pond intermittent flow internal circulation breeding system, including a pond main body, the pond main body includes a clear water tank 5, a breeding area 1, a sedimentation tank 2, a biological filter 3 and an ecological purification area 4, the clear water tank 5 is provided with a water lifting equipment 52, the water lifting equipment 52 is used to provide power for the breeding system and perform intermittent extraction and water replenishment, the clear water tank 5 is provided with a first filter dam 51, the first filter dam 51 is filled with ore filler; a water inlet valve 12 is provided between the breeding area 1 and the clear water tank 5, the breeding area 1 is provided with a plurality of breeding troughs 11, the breeding troughs 11 are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the clear water tank 5, and a production management walkway 16 is provided between adjacent breeding troughs 11, the production management walkway 16 is provided along the length direction of the breeding troughs 11 for people to walk; the sedimentation tank 2 is arranged adjacent to the breeding area 1, and the bottom of the sedimentation tank 2 is located at the lower position of the bottom of the breeding area 1, so The sedimentation tank 2 is connected to the aquaculture area 1 through a drainage channel 13, and the drainage channel 13 is used to discharge the aquaculture tail water into the sedimentation tank 2. The sedimentation tank 2 is provided with a "Z"-shaped water distribution channel 21 for extending the sedimentation time. The bottom of the sedimentation tank 2 is provided with an inclined plate 23, and the inclined plate 23 is used to accelerate the sedimentation efficiency; the biological filter 3 includes a filter tank 35 and a second filter dam 33, the filter tank 35 is filled with biological filler, and the second filter dam 33 is filled with ore filler. The aquaculture tail water precipitated in the sedimentation tank 2 overflows into the filter tank 35 and enters the second filter dam 33 in turn; the ecological purification area 4 is arranged adjacent to the biological filter 3, the clear water tank 5 and the aquaculture area 1. The ecological purification area 4 is cultured with submerged plants 43, water-purifying fish and shrimp 42, and aquatic plant planting floating beds 41. The aquaculture tail water passes through the ecological purification area 4 and enters the first filter dam 51 and the clear water tank 5 in turn.

[0032] Among them, in this embodiment, the drainage channel 13 can also be provided with a water outlet valve to control the drainage time and drainage flow of the drainage channel 13, and the water inlet diameter of the water inlet valve 12 is 60 cm, the water outlet diameter of the drainage channel 13 is 1.2 m, the water inlet of the water inlet valve 12 is set at the tank wall 40 cm away from the bottom of the breeding tank, and the opening horizontal position of the water outlet of the drainage channel 13 is flush with the bottom of the breeding tank 11, so as to control the breeding tail water to be smoothly discharged from the bottom of the breeding tank 11 into the sedimentation tank. By adopting a semi-closed breeding tank 11, cooperating with the water inlet valve 12, the drainage valve 13 and the water lifting equipment 52, the breeding tank 11 is automatically filled with water for the first time, and then the water is pumped and replenished periodically, and the water is pumped and replenished almost close to the bottom of the breeding tank 11. The water from the pond surface enters the breeding tank 11, and there is no need to pump it ashore for off-situ circulation treatment, which greatly reduces the head and saves energy consumption. At the same time, it can realize the functions of upper water intake and bottom sewage discharge, thereby improving the water exchange and sewage discharge capacity of the breeding area; the width of the production management walkway 16 is 80cm to 100cm, and it is erected on the concrete columns around the breeding tank; further, the water inlet valve 12 can also be controlled by a screen-type double-layer gate plate structure, which is composed of a double-track aluminum alloy frame, a water-blocking plate and a stainless steel fence plate; in addition, the length of the drainage channel can be designed to be the same length as the breeding tank, 45cm wide and 30cm deep, and the drainage channel is covered with an escape-proof net cover and is connected to the sedimentation tank to improve the sewage discharge effect.

[0033] The water lifting equipment 52 uses a low-lift, high-flow water pump with a power of 2.5 kilowatts or 4 to 5 watts / m per breeding tank. 2 The water lifting lift of the clean water tank 5 is set to ≤50cm, the water lifting frequency is 1 to 2 times / d, and the water lifting time is ≤3h each time. The low-lift and large-flow water pump performs regular intermittent extraction and water replenishment, thereby realizing low-lift and intermittent flow circulating water aquaculture in the aquaculture system, reducing the idling time of the equipment in the pond water aquaculture that needs to continuously push water, and at the same time avoiding the oxygen-rich water in the aquaculture tank 11 from being not fully utilized and being pushed out of the aquaculture tank 11 for consumption, thereby improving the oxygen utilization efficiency, extending the equipment life and reducing energy consumption; further, an inlet diversion trough 53 is provided between the aquaculture area 1 and the clean water tank 5. The inlet diversion trough 53 is made of PE, PVC and other materials to make the water inlet ditch, which is horizontally installed on the upper edge of the front end of the aquaculture tank 11 and is connected to the water outlet of the low-lift and large-flow water pump in the middle, so that after the clean water is pumped into the inlet diversion trough 53, it can be evenly diverted into each aquaculture tank 11 in a water curtain manner.

[0034] The bottoms of the breeding area 1, the clear water tank 5, the sedimentation tank 2 and the biological filter 3 are paved with a new environmentally friendly material cement blanket. The thickness of the cement blanket is 6mm to 8mm. Furthermore, the material cost of the cement blanket is lower than that of the traditional cement concrete hardened bottom protection, and the construction speed is higher than that of the traditional cement concrete hardened bottom protection, which is conducive to the system's integrated sewage treatment and saving the construction cost of pond facility breeding; the ecological purification area 4 is provided with a pond drain outlet 44.

[0035] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the area of ​​the breeding zone 1 accounts for 40% to 60% of the total area of ​​the pond body, the area of ​​the ecological purification zone 4 accounts for 25% to 45% of the total area of ​​the pond body, the area of ​​the biological filter 3 accounts for 5% of the total area of ​​the pond body, and the area of ​​the sedimentation tank 2 accounts for 5% of the total area of ​​the pond body. The sedimentation tank 2 is formed by using a plastic steel template to separate 5% of the total area of ​​the pond body. The sedimentation tank 2 has a rectangular structure. The bottom plane of the sedimentation tank 2 is 50 cm lower than the bottom of the breeding tank 11. The long side of the sedimentation tank 2 is equal to the wide side of the parallel breeding tank 11, and the wide side of the breeding tank 11 is not less than 5m.

[0036] Preferably, if Figure 2 As shown, each of the aquaculture troughs 11 has a length ranging from 30m to 50m, a width ranging from 10m to 12m, and a height ranging from 2m to 2.5m. Specifically, the aquaculture trough 11 is composed of a frame and an assembled pool wall. The frame foundation is constructed according to the foundation construction requirements of a brick-concrete cement pool. On the long side of the frame foundation ring beam, a 25cm*25cm*200cm concrete column is erected every 6 meters. The pool wall is composed of a new environmentally friendly and corrosion-resistant plastic steel formwork vertically installed on the frame foundation. The formwork specifications are 200cm*100cm in length and width, and 4cm to 8cm in thickness. Adjacent plastic steel formworks are connected by bolts or snaps. The plastic steel formwork has the characteristics of low cost, long service life, and can be disassembled and recycled for reuse. Furthermore, the aquaculture trough 11 adopts a frame foundation design, which saves engineering materials while increasing the firmness of the aquaculture trough 11 and the safety of the production and management walkway 16. It can also provide reliable support for upgrading the pond aquaculture system, such as building a sunshade / heat-insulating shed above the aquaculture area 1, and photovoltaic panels for complementary fish and solar power.

[0037] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the sedimentation tank 2 is provided with a guide plate 22, and the sedimentation tank 2 is divided by the guide plate 22 to form the "Z"-shaped water distribution channel 21. Specifically, after the aquaculture tail water enters the sedimentation tank 2 from the bottom of the aquaculture tank 11, the guide plate 22 is used in the sedimentation tank 2 to distribute the aquaculture tail water in the "Z"-shaped water distribution channel 21. The width of the "Z"-shaped water distribution channel 21 is 1.5m. A certain number of inclined plates 23 are set in the "Z"-shaped water distribution channel 21 according to relevant specifications. While saving the area ratio of water treatment facilities, it increases the hydraulic retention time, activated sludge age and microbial abundance of the aquaculture tail water treatment process, thereby improving the precipitation and degradation of suspended solid waste and the denitrification and phosphorus removal treatment effect of the aquaculture tail water.

[0038] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 2As shown, a water-returning wall 24 is provided between the sedimentation tank 2 and the biological filter 3. The water-returning wall 24 is used to prevent sediment from entering the biological filter 3. Specifically, the water-returning wall 24 is provided at the end of the sedimentation tank 2. After sedimentation, the aquaculture tailwater overflows from the water-returning wall 24 and flows into the biological filter 3, effectively preventing sediment from entering the biological filter 3 along with the aquaculture tailwater.

[0039] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the filter tank 35 is provided with an aeration disc 31, which is used to provide oxygen to the water. Specifically, the main function of the aeration disc 31 is to transfer oxygen from the air to the water, thereby increasing the dissolved oxygen content in the water, thereby supporting the growth and activity of aerobic microorganisms, promoting biological activity and material circulation in the water, and accelerating the decomposition of organic matter and nutrient circulation. The density of the aeration disc 31 is 1 / m 2 Aerators with a power of 10W / m2 are evenly arranged at the bottom of the filter tank 35.

[0040] In an optional embodiment, the filling rate of the biological filler 32 is 20% to 30% of the volume of the biological filter tank; the biological filler 32 is hydrophilic polyethylene. Specifically, the hydrophilic polyethylene is K3 polyethylene, K5 polyethylene, etc. The hydrophilic polyethylene mainly serves as a biological carrier in the filter tank for filtering, removing organic matter, denitrifying, promoting the growth and metabolism of microorganisms, and achieving efficient biological treatment effects.

[0041] In an optional embodiment, the mineral filler 34 is volcanic rock. Specifically, both the first filter dam 51 and the second filter dam 33 are hollow brick wall structures. The first filter dam 51 is at least 5 meters long, the second filter dam 33 is 10 meters long, and both are 2 meters wide. The height of the second filter dam 33 is the same as the pond embankment. The volcanic rock stabilizes water quality, absorbs harmful substances, and cultivates nitrifying bacteria.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, the coverage area of ​​the aquatic plant planting floating bed 41 does not exceed 40% of the area of ​​the ecological water purification zone 4. Specifically, the aquatic plant planting floating bed 41 includes water hyacinth and hydrilla verticillata. The water hyacinth and other floating plants are planted in a bamboo planting bed, covering an area not exceeding 40% of the area of ​​the ecological water purification zone 4. Submerged plants 43, such as hydrilla verticillata, are scattered throughout the remaining 60% of the area. The water purification fish and shrimp 42 include filter-feeding or omnivorous fish such as silver carp, bighead carp, common carp, and crucian carp, as well as snails, shrimp, and shellfish. The filter-feeding or omnivorous fish are stocked at a density of 300 to 500 per mu. The various fish species are reasonably matched. Snails, shrimp, and shellfish can naturally proliferate through the inflow of water into the pond without the need for special stocking. Plankton also exists in the ecological water purification zone, and the plankton fully utilizes sunlight to naturally reproduce, enhancing the water purification effect.

[0043] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the aquaculture area 1 is provided with a nano oxygenation tube 14 and an automatic feeding machine 15. The nano oxygenation tube 14 is provided on the wall of the aquaculture tank 11 and close to the bottom of the aquaculture tank 11. The automatic feeding machine 15 is provided on the wall of the aquaculture tank 11 close to the production management walkway 16. Specifically, the power of the aerator configured with the nano oxygenation tube 14 is 10 watts / m 2 The setting density of multiple automatic bait throwing machines 15 is one every 15m to 20m.

[0044] Furthermore, the clear water pool 5, breeding area 1, sedimentation pool 2, biological filter 3 and ecological purification area 4 are also equipped with water quality monitoring equipment for real-time monitoring of water quality changes and early warning; the monitoring parameters include dissolved oxygen, redox potential and pH value indicators. According to the water quality test results, corresponding water quality control measures are taken in a timely manner to provide a basis for staff to make decisions.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] We upgraded a traditional aquaculture pond with an engineered recirculating aquaculture system, transforming a 4.5-acre square pond into an intermittent flow recirculating aquaculture system primarily for largemouth bass. The system construction method and aquaculture techniques are as follows:

[0047] 1. Pond system construction

[0048] The pond is 60m long, 50m wide, and has a total area of ​​3000m 2, with an average depth of 2m, and consists of "two zones and three pools", including a breeding area 1, a sedimentation tank 2, a biological filter 3, an ecological purification area 4 and a clear water tank 5, and also includes water lifting equipment, nano-aeration tubes 14, automatic feeding machines 15, water quality monitoring equipment, etc. The breeding area 1 occupies 50% of the total area of ​​the pond, and is composed of 3 adjacent semi-enclosed rectangular breeding tanks 11. The single tank is 40m long, 12m wide and 2m high. The breeding tank 11 consists of a tank body, a water inlet and a water inlet valve 12, a drainage channel 13, a nano-aeration tube 14 or a nano-aeration disk, an automatic feeding machine 15 and a production management trail 16; the sedimentation tank 2 is located at the end of the breeding tank 11, accounting for 5% of the total area of ​​the pond, and is composed of a tank body, a guide plate 22, an inclined plate 23 and a water-turning wall plate 24; the biological filter 3 is set downstream of the sedimentation tank 2, accounting for 5% of the total area of ​​the pond, and is composed of an aeration system. The pond comprises a tray 31, a filter tank 35, biological filler 34, and a second filter dam 33. The ecological purification zone 4 is located on the other side of the pond from the aquaculture zone 1, adjacent to the aquaculture zone 1 and the biological filter 3. It occupies 35% of the pond's total area and is composed of submerged plants 43, natural algae, and filter-feeding fish, shrimp, snails, and shellfish. The clean water tank 5 is located at the end of the ecological purification zone 4 and in front of the aquaculture tank 11, occupying 5% of the pond's total area. It is separated from the ecological purification zone 4 by a first filter dam 51, which houses a water pumping device that regularly replaces clean water for the aquaculture tank 11 and provides power for the intermittent internal circulation of the entire pond system. See Table A-1 for a description of facility and equipment parameters.

[0049] Table A-1 Description of technical parameters of system facilities and equipment

[0050]

[0051] 2. Breeding management technology

[0052] (1) Preparation before stocking

[0053] 1. Pond system debugging

[0054] After the system is built and installed, for the first use, water should be injected into the system to a depth of 1m and allowed to soak for 15 to 20 days. During this period, the water retention performance of the pond system should be observed. The water extraction, aeration, feeding and other equipment of the test system should be started one by one to ensure that the system operates normally and meets the design requirements.

[0055] 2. Pond system disinfection

[0056] Seven days before stocking fingerlings, drain the pond and disinfect it with quicklime and bleach. Use 100-150 kg of quicklime and 10-15 kg of bleach per mu (approximately 1.5 to 2.5 acres). Dissolve the quicklime in water and spray it throughout the pond to kill pathogens, parasites, and other predators.

[0057] 3. Water cultivation and water testing

[0058] After 24 hours of disinfection, water is injected into the system through a 60-mesh filter at a rate of 1.2 m3. In the ecological water purification area 4, the water is filtered at a rate of 300 kg / 667 m3. 2 Add decomposed organic fertilizer to cultivate water quality; operate the system intermittently for 5 to 6 days to initially enrich, acclimate, and cultivate functional bacteria such as nitrification, denitrification, and polyphosphate in the system's water treatment unit; after 5 days of water cultivation, add 30 to 50 red carp fry to the clear water area as indicator organisms to test the water, observe for 24 hours for normal activity, and only add aquaculture fry after judging the water quality to be safe.

[0059] (2) Stocking of seedlings

[0060] 1. Seedling selection

[0061] We specialize in raising largemouth black bass, using healthy, disease-free, and uniformly sized fry. The fry are 8-10 cm in size, domesticated on artificial feed, and sourced from legitimate fry companies.

[0062] 2. Stocking time

[0063] Generally, they are stocked in spring and autumn. In spring, the water temperature should be kept above 15℃. You can also choose the appropriate stocking time according to the local climate, breeding conditions and production plan. The breeding cycle is 6 to 8 months.

[0064] 3. Stocking situation

[0065] The main breeding area is largemouth bass, with a stocking density of 35 per m 2 In Ecological Purification Area 4, silver carp, bighead carp, common carp, crucian carp, black carp, and other water-purifying fish were stocked at a density of 400 per mu, for a total of 630 fish. See Table A-2 for stocking information.

[0066] Table A-2 Stocking of seedlings in intermittent flow circulation aquaculture system in ponds

[0067] Stocking time variety Specifications (cm) density Quantity (tail) 3.15 Largemouth Bass 8～10 <![CDATA[35 tails / m 2 > 50000 3.20 Silver Carp ≥10 <![CDATA[200 tails / 667 m 2 > 315 3.20 Silver carp (bighead carp) ≥10 <![CDATA[100 tails / 667 m 2 > 160 3.20 Carp and Crucian Carp 5～8 <![CDATA[60 tails / 667 m 2 > 95 4.23 herring 15～20 <![CDATA[40 tails / 667 m 2 > 60

[0068] (3) Feeding management

[0069] 1. Feed selection

[0070] Choose high-quality largemouth bass feed that is nutritionally complete, palatable, and stable. The protein content is generally between 40% and 45%.

[0071] 2. Feeding method

[0072] Adopt the "four fixed" feeding method: fixed time, fixed quantity, fixed quality, and fixed location. Feed 3-5% of the fish's body weight daily, using an automatic feeding machine, divided into 2-3 feedings. Each feeding should be sufficient for the fish to consume within 1 hour. Observe the fish's feeding behavior and adjust the feeding amount promptly.

[0073] 3. Daily feeding management

[0074] Adjust the particle size and feeding amount of feed according to the growth stage of the fish and the changes in water temperature. During the peak growth season of fish, increase the feeding amount appropriately; when the water temperature is low (15℃) or above 30℃, reduce the feeding amount or stop feeding.

[0075] (4) Water quality management

[0076] 1. Water source management

[0077] Choose a high-quality, pollution-free water source. Regularly test the water quality to ensure it meets aquaculture requirements. Install filtration facilities at the water inlet to prevent harmful organisms and impurities from entering the pond.

[0078] 2. Water exchange

[0079] Before the system's water filling depth reaches the designated level (1.5-1.8 m), the inlet valve 12 of the aquaculture tank 11 is open. New water automatically enters the aquaculture tank 11 through the water inlet from the clean water tank 5, eliminating the need for extraction. After the system's water filling depth reaches the designated level, the inlet valve 12 is closed. The water pumping equipment 52 of the clean water tank 5 periodically replenishes the aquaculture tank 11 with new water and drains water from the bottom of the outlet, achieving intermittent water circulation in the system. The frequency of water exchange is regulated from low to constant throughout the various aquaculture stages. In the first stage, water exchange occurs every seven days for four weeks; in the second stage, it occurs every three days for three weeks; and in the third stage, it is maintained at one to two times daily until the end of the aquaculture period. Each exchange lasts three hours, or the exchange volume does not exceed one-third of the aquaculture tank volume. This reduces stress on the aquaculture fish and the impact of significant fluctuations in the load on the aquaculture effluent treatment system, gradually establishing a relatively constant intermittent flow within the pond, promoting fish growth.

[0080] 3. Water quality monitoring

[0081] Regularly test water quality, primarily for dissolved oxygen, redox potential, and pH. Dissolved oxygen in aquaculture area 1 must be ≥5 mg / L, and redox potential must be ≥300 mVA; dissolved oxygen in the water treatment area must be ≥3 mg / L, and redox potential must be ≥100 mVA. Maintain a pH value between 7.0 and 8.5. Implement appropriate water quality control measures promptly based on the test results.

[0082] 4. System water quality adjustment and maintenance

[0083] Regularly add new water to keep the water fresh. Generally, add new water every 7-10 days, with the amount added each time being 5%-10% of the pond water depth, to replenish the system's daily evaporation and leakage losses to the calibrated water level in a timely manner.

[0084] Plant and maintain aquatic plants in the ecological purification area 4. Floating plants are confined to the ecological purification area 440% area with bamboo fences, and submerged plants are planted in the remaining 60%. Clean up once a year or at the end of the production period and remove the excess part.

[0085] Rationally use the variable frequency aerator and water pumping equipment 52 to maintain sufficient dissolved oxygen in the water. In the event of a temporary failure of the variable frequency aerator, the water pumping equipment 52 should be activated in time to replace the aerator.

[0086] Flocculants, photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus and other preparations can be added to the sedimentation tank 2 and the biological filter 3 on a regular basis to enhance the water treatment effect; the residual sludge at the bottom of the tank can be centrally desilted once every 1 to 2 years.

[0087] (5) Disease prevention and control

[0088] 1. Strengthen feeding management to improve the fish's physique and disease resistance. Feed fish appropriately and avoid overfeeding and feeding spoiled feed.

[0089] 2. Disinfect the water pool and breeding tank regularly. Use quicklime, bleaching powder, chlorine dioxide and other drugs to kill bacteria and parasites.

[0090] 3. Manage water quality well to keep it fresh and stable to reduce stress on fish. Test water quality regularly and adjust it in a timely manner to prevent it from deteriorating.

[0091] 4. Strengthen daily management, observe the activity and feeding habits of fish, and promptly detect and treat problems.

[0092] 5. Once a fish disease is discovered, it must be diagnosed promptly to determine the cause and provide symptomatic treatment. When treating fish diseases, pay attention to the method and dosage of medication to avoid drug abuse and misuse. Also, pay attention to the withdrawal period of medication to ensure the quality and safety of aquatic products.

[0093] 3. Benefit Analysis

[0094] 1. Output and output value

[0095] The pond system was stocked with largemouth black bass fingerlings in March. After six months of cultivation, the fish were harvested in batches in August when they generally weighed over 400g. The three breeding tanks produced and sold a total of 50,670 catties of commercial largemouth black bass, with an average yield of 16,890 catties per tank or 35.2 catties per cubic meter. 2 The average weight of commercial individuals is 1.12 catties, and the survival rate is over 90%, which is equivalent to an output of 11,260 catties per mu in the pond.

[0096] The average pond price of largemouth black bass is 15.3 yuan per catty, with a total output value of 775,300 yuan.

[0097] 2. Cost Analysis

[0098] The annual project cost investment consists of two parts:

[0099] ① Fixed costs: One-time investments in fixed assets, including pond system renovation and construction, installation costs, and the purchase of aquaculture facilities and equipment, totaled 115,000 yuan, as shown in Table A-3. Based on the characteristics of the aquaculture industry, the project's fixed investments (such as pond construction, facility installation, and the purchase of equipment for water, electricity, and oxygen supply) are amortized over 10 years, resulting in an annual fixed cost of 11,500 yuan.

[0100] ② Production costs: These include fish species, feed, labor, utilities, medicines, and other expenses. The production costs vary for different commercial fish species. According to estimates, the production cost of a single largemouth bass farm is 467,500 yuan, as shown in Table A-4, equivalent to a unit price of 9.23 yuan per kilogram.

[0101] Table A-3 Project Construction Investment (Unit: 10,000 Yuan)

[0102]

[0103] Table A-4 Production and operation costs (10,000 yuan)

[0104] Cost Items unit Unit price (yuan) quantity Amount fish species Ten thousand tails 8000 5 4.0 feed ton 11500 23 26.45 Artificial people 48000 2 9.6 hydropower Wandu 5000 5 2.5 Animal health reagents batch 6000 2 1.2 other item 15000 2 3.0 total 46.75

[0105] ③Total cost: annual fixed asset depreciation and amortization (fixed cost) is 11,500 yuan, annual production and operation cost is 467,500 yuan, and the total annual cost of single-crop breeding is 479,000 yuan.

[0106] 4. Input-Output Analysis

[0107] The pond system covers 4.5 mu, and the one-time investment in infrastructure, installation fees, and fixed asset investment such as the purchase of aquaculture facilities and equipment totals 115,000 yuan. The engineering construction investment is equivalent to about 80 yuan / m2 of aquaculture tank. 2 A total of 50,670 kilograms of commercial largemouth black bass were produced, equivalent to a pond yield of 11,260 kilograms per mu, which is 3 to 4 times that of traditional pond farming. The farming profit rate was 38.20%, and the input-output ratio was 1:1.6, as shown in Table A-5.

[0108] Table A-5 Input-Output Analysis (10,000 Yuan)

[0109]

[0110] Under the premise of zero emissions, the system can produce 50,670 kilograms of commercial fish in a single batch, with a total energy consumption of 50,000 kWh, equivalent to an energy consumption of 1.8 kWh / kg per unit product, saving about 50% of energy consumption compared with the ordinary pond engineering farming model (generally 3 to 4 kWh / kg); 23 tons of feed are input, the feed coefficient (meat-to-feed ratio) is 0.91, the feed conversion rate is high, and the saving effect is significant.

[0111] Example 2

[0112] A traditional pond with a flat bottom and good water retention, approximately 7.5 mu, was transformed into an intermittent flow internal circulation aquaculture system, primarily for hybrid snakehead (snakehead). The system construction, usage, and aquaculture results are as follows:

[0113] 1. Pond system construction

[0114] The total area of ​​the pond is about 5000m 2 The pond has an average depth of 2.3m and consists of two zones and three pools, including a breeding zone 1, a sedimentation pool 2, a biological filter 3, an ecological purification zone 4, and a clear water pool 5. It also includes water extraction equipment, nano-aeration tubes 14, automatic feeding machines 15, and water quality monitoring equipment. The breeding zone 1 accounts for 36% of the total pond area, about 1800m 2 , consisting of three adjacent semi-enclosed rectangular breeding tanks 11, each tank is 50m long, 12m wide and 2m high. The breeding tank 11 consists of a tank body, a water inlet and a water inlet valve 12, a drainage channel 13, a nano-aeration tube 14 or a nano-aeration disk, an automatic feeding machine 15 and a production management walkway 16; the sedimentation tank 2 is located at the end of the breeding tank 11, accounting for 5% of the total area of ​​the pond, and is composed of a tank body, a guide plate 22, an inclined plate 23 and a water-turning wall plate 24; the biological filter 3 is set downstream of the sedimentation tank 2, accounting for 5% of the total area of ​​the pond, and is composed of an aeration plate 31, a filter tank 35, The ecological purification zone 4 is located on the other side of the pond from the aquaculture zone 1, adjacent to the aquaculture zone 1 and the biological filter 3. It occupies 49% of the total pond area and is composed of submerged plants 43, natural algae, and filter-feeding fish, shrimp, snails, and shellfish. The clean water tank 5 is located at the end of the ecological purification zone 4 and in front of the aquaculture tanks 11, occupying 5% of the total pond area. It is separated from the ecological purification zone 4 by a first filter dam 51 and contains a water pumping device 52 that regularly replaces clean water in the aquaculture tanks 11 and provides power for the intermittent internal circulation of the entire pond system. See Table B-1 for a description of facility and equipment parameters.

[0115] Table B-1 Description of technical parameters of system facilities and equipment

[0116]

[0117] 2. Breeding management technology

[0118] (1) Preparation before stocking

[0119] The preparation work including operation and debugging, disinfection, water cultivation and water testing of the pond system is the same as that of Example 1 in terms of implementation steps and technical requirements.

[0120] (2) Stocking of seedlings

[0121] 1. Seedling selection

[0122] We specialize in breeding hybrid snakehead (snakehead) fish. We select healthy, disease-free, and uniformly sized fry, ranging in size from 8 to 10 cm. They are domesticated on artificial feed and sourced from legitimate fry companies.

[0123] 2. Stocking time

[0124] Stocking in spring and autumn requires a stable water temperature above 15°C. The appropriate stocking time can also be selected based on local climate, breeding conditions, and production plans. The breeding cycle is 8 to 10 months.

[0125] 3. Stocking situation

[0126] The main breeding area is snakehead fish, with a stocking density of 30 fish / m 2 , totaling 54,000 fish; silver carp, bighead carp, crucian carp and other water-purifying fish were stocked in the ecological purification area at a stocking density of 400 fish per mu, totaling 1,475 fish. See Table B-2 for stocking information.

[0127] Table B-2 Seedling Stocking Status of Intermittent Flow Internal Circulation Aquaculture System in Ponds

[0128] Stocking time variety Specifications (cm) density Quantity (tail) 5.12 Snakehead fish 8～10 <![CDATA[30 tails / m 2 > 54000 5.18 Silver Carp ≥10 <![CDATA[200 tails / 667 m 2 > 735 5.18 Silver carp (bighead carp) ≥10 <![CDATA[80 tails / 667 m 2 > 300 5.18 Crucian carp 5～8 <![CDATA[120 tails / 667 m 2 > 440

[0129] (3) Feeding management

[0130] 1. Feed selection

[0131] Choose high-quality snakehead fish feed that is nutritionally complete, palatable, and stable, sourced from a high-quality, legally licensed company. The protein content is generally between 40% and 45%.

[0132] 2. Feeding method

[0133] Feed the fish at a daily rate of 3-5% of their body weight, once at 8:00 AM and 5:30 PM. Each feeding should be sufficient for the fish to consume within 1 hour. Observe the fish's feeding behavior and adjust the feeding amount accordingly.

[0134] (4) Daily management

[0135] The dissolved oxygen requirement in the aquaculture area is ≥3 mg / L, and other water quality indicators, system maintenance, and disease prevention and control requirements are the same as those in Example 1.

[0136] 3. Benefit Analysis

[0137] 1. Output and output value

[0138] In mid-May, 18,000 snakehead fry were stocked in each aquaculture tank. After eight months of cultivation, the fish were harvested in batches in February of the following year, when they generally weighed over 1 kg. The fish were sold in early April. The three aquaculture tanks produced and sold a total of 56,856.78 kg of commercial snakehead fish, with an average yield of 31.59 kg / m 2 The average weight of commercial snakehead fish was 1.14 kg, with a survival rate of over 90%. The per-mu yield of snakehead fish was 7,580.9 kg. The average selling price at the pond gate was 19.09 yuan / kg, with a total output value of 1.0853 million yuan.

[0139] Table B-3 Output of snakehead fish farming in intermittent flow internal circulation pond aquaculture system

[0140]

[0141] 2. Cost Analysis

[0142] ① Fixed costs: One-time investments in fixed assets, including pond system renovation and construction, installation costs, and the purchase of aquaculture facilities and equipment, totaled 142,100 yuan (Table B-4). Based on the characteristics of the aquaculture industry, the project's fixed investments (such as pond construction, facility installation, and the purchase of equipment for water, electricity, and oxygen supply) are amortized over 10 years, resulting in an annual fixed cost of 14,200 yuan.

[0143] ② Production costs: This includes fish species, feed, labor, utilities, medicines, and other expenses. The production costs of different commercial fish species vary. It is estimated that the production cost of a single hybrid snakehead (snakehead) is 716,800 yuan (Table B-4), equivalent to a unit price of 12.61 yuan per kilogram.

[0144] Table B-4 Project Construction Investment (Unit: 10,000 Yuan)

[0145]

[0146] Table B-5 Production and operation costs (10,000 yuan)

[0147] Cost Items unit Unit price (yuan) quantity Amount fish species Ten thousand tails 7000 5.4 3.78 feed ton 8500 56 47.6 Artificial people 60000 2 12.0 hydropower Wandu 5000 5 2.5 Animal health reagents batch 6000 3 1.8 other item 20000 2 4.0 total 71.68

[0148] ③Total cost: annual depreciation and amortization of fixed assets (fixed cost) is RMB 14,200, and annual production and operation cost is RMB 716,800 (Table B-5). The total annual cost of single-crop breeding is RMB 731,000.

[0149] 5. Input-Output Analysis

[0150] The pond system is 7.5 mu, and the one-time investment in infrastructure, installation costs, and fixed asset investment such as the purchase of aquaculture facilities and equipment totaled RMB 142,100 (Table B-4). 1,800m2 of fish tanks were built. 2 The construction investment is equivalent to about 80 yuan / m2 Compared with the investment of ordinary water trough construction (400-500 yuan / m 2 ) has a very significant saving effect; a total of 56,856.78 kg of commercial snakehead fish were produced, equivalent to a pond yield of 7,580.9 kg / mu, an increase of about 50% compared with the traditional pond farming model; the farming output value profit rate was 32.64%, and the input-output ratio was 1:1.48 (see Table B-6).

[0151] Table B-6 Input-Output Analysis (10,000 Yuan)

[0152]

[0153] Under the premise of zero emissions, the system can produce 56,856.78 kg of commercial fish in a single batch, with a total energy consumption of 50,000 kWh, equivalent to an energy consumption of 0.88 kWh / kg per unit product; 56 tons of feed are input, and the feed coefficient (meat-to-feed ratio) is about 1.0, which saves energy and feed significantly compared with the ordinary pond engineering farming model.

[0154] In summary, the intermittent flow internal circulation aquaculture system in the pond has distinct ecological green circulation aquaculture technology characteristics of energy saving, high efficiency and low carbon emission reduction, and has significant comprehensive benefits. By optimizing the spatial layout of the pond aquaculture system with "two zones and three ponds" facilities, the ecological function positioning of the pond with aquaculture production as the main and water purification as the auxiliary is clarified, and the relatively independent ecological functions of different facility units are also clarified. The pond space area used for aquaculture is increased, the utilization rate of the pond aquaculture space is greatly improved, and the aquaculture density stress is reduced, which is conducive to the healthy growth of aquaculture objects and reduces feed consumption, thereby improving the comprehensive benefits of aquaculture. According to the different ecological functions of each unit module of the system facility, targeted and precise management and maintenance are achieved, reducing dimensions, difficulty and cost, and reducing the risk of aquaculture failure.

[0155] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of this embodiment correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships, they are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0156] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pond intermittent flow internal circulation aquaculture system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pond body, wherein the pond body comprises: A clear water tank, wherein the clear water tank is provided with a water extraction device, the water extraction device is used to provide power for the aquaculture system and perform intermittent extraction and water replenishment, and the clear water tank is provided with a first filter dam, and the first filter dam is filled with ore filler; A breeding area, wherein a water inlet valve is provided between the breeding area and the clean water tank, the breeding area is provided with a plurality of breeding tanks, the breeding tanks are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the clean water tank, and a production management walkway is provided between adjacent breeding tanks, the production management walkway is provided along the length direction of the breeding tanks for people to walk on; A sedimentation tank is provided adjacent to the aquaculture area, and the bottom of the sedimentation tank is located at a lower position than the bottom of the aquaculture area. The sedimentation tank and the aquaculture area are connected by a drainage channel, and the drainage channel is used to discharge aquaculture tail water into the sedimentation tank. The sedimentation tank is provided with a "Z"-shaped water distribution channel to extend the sedimentation time. The bottom of the sedimentation tank is provided with an inclined plate to accelerate the sedimentation efficiency. A biological filter, comprising a filter tank and a second filter dam, wherein the filter tank is filled with biological fillers and the second filter dam is filled with ore fillers, and the aquaculture tail water precipitated in the sedimentation tank overflows into the filter tank and then sequentially enters the second filter dam; and An ecological purification zone is arranged adjacent to the biological filter, the clean water pool and the aquaculture area. Submerged plants, water-purifying fish and shrimp, and aquatic plant planting floating beds are cultivated in the ecological purification zone. The aquaculture tail water passes through the ecological purification zone and enters the first filter dam and the clean water pool in turn.

2. The pond intermittent flow internal circulation aquaculture system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The area of ​​the breeding zone accounts for 40% to 60% of the total area of ​​the pond body, the area of ​​the ecological purification zone accounts for 25% to 45% of the total area of ​​the pond body, the area of ​​the biological filter accounts for 5% of the total area of ​​the pond body, and the area of ​​the sedimentation tank accounts for 5% of the total area of ​​the pond body.

3. The pond intermittent flow internal circulation aquaculture system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the breeding tanks has a length ranging from 30m to 50m, a width ranging from 10m to 12m, and a height ranging from 2m to 2.5m.

4. The pond intermittent flow internal circulation aquaculture system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sedimentation tank is provided with a guide plate, and the sedimentation tank is divided by the guide plate to form the "Z"-shaped water distribution channel.

5. The pond intermittent flow internal circulation aquaculture system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A water-turning wall plate is provided between the sedimentation tank and the biological filter tank, and the water-turning wall plate is used to prevent sediment from entering the biological filter tank.

6. The pond intermittent flow internal circulation aquaculture system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An aeration plate is provided at the bottom of the filter tank, and the aeration plate is used to provide oxygen to the water body.

7. The pond intermittent flow internal circulation aquaculture system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling rate of the biological filler is 20% to 30% of the volume of the biological filter; And / or, the biological filler is hydrophilic polyethylene.

8. The pond intermittent flow internal circulation aquaculture system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mineral filler is volcanic rock.

9. The pond intermittent flow internal circulation aquaculture system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coverage area of ​​the aquatic plant planting floating bed shall not exceed 40% of the area of ​​the ecological purification zone.

10. The pond intermittent flow internal circulation aquaculture system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The breeding area is provided with nano oxygenation tubes and automatic feeding machines. The nano oxygenation tubes are arranged on the wall of the breeding tank and close to the bottom of the breeding tank. The automatic feeding machine is arranged on the wall of the breeding tank close to the production management walkway.

Images