Ecological intercepting and filtering device for treating non-point source pollution

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of ecological filtering, and particularly relates to an ecological intercepting and filtering device for treating non-point source pollution, which comprises a ditch, a first intercepting net fixedly mounted on the inner side wall of the ditch, a first gabion movably mounted on the inner side wall of the ditch, a second gabion movably mounted on the inner side wall of the ditch, and a third gabion movably mounted on the inner side wall of the ditch, a first filtering mechanism is arranged between the first intercepting net and the first gabion, a second filtering mechanism is arranged between the first gabion and the second gabion, and lifting mechanisms are arranged on the upper portion of the first gabion and the upper portion of the second gabion. According to the ecological intercepting and filtering device for treating non-point source pollution, the first filtering mechanism, the first gabion, the second filtering mechanism and the second gabion are arranged to serve as treatment measures before water catchment of an agricultural non-point source pollution ditch, indexes such as total nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD of a water body can be effectively reduced, and the river regulation pressure after later collection is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of ecological filtration and purification, in particular to an ecological interception and filtration device for treating non-point source pollution. Background Art

[0002] Agricultural water ditches are an important part of farmland water conservancy facilities, playing a key role in ensuring farmland irrigation, drainage, and preventing soil erosion. With the development of agricultural modernization, the design and maintenance of agricultural water ditches are also being continuously optimized and innovated.

[0003] Agricultural water ditches are not only used for traditional irrigation and drainage, but can also be used for ecological interception of nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland, which helps to control agricultural non-point source pollution, protect the water environment, and restore farmland ecology. Therefore, an ecological ditch is needed. By planting aquatic plants and configuring appropriate ditch structures, the ecological purification function of the ditch can be improved and pollutants in farmland drainage can be reduced. Utility Model Content

[0004] Based on the existing ecological filtration technology problems, the utility model proposes an ecological interception and filtration device for treating non-point source pollution.

[0005] The utility model proposes an ecological interception and filtration device for controlling non-point source pollution, comprising a ditch, wherein a first interception net is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the ditch, a first gabion is movably installed on the inner wall of the ditch, a second gabion is movably installed on the inner wall of the ditch, a first filtration mechanism is arranged between the first interception net and the first gabion, a second filtration mechanism is arranged between the first gabion and the second gabion, and a lifting mechanism is arranged on the upper parts of the first gabion and the second gabion.

[0006] Preferably, the first filtering mechanism is arranged in an emergent plant planting area.

[0007] Through the above technical solution, the installation of emergent plants can fix most of the suspended particles through the roots of the emergent plants and reduce the clogging of subsequent modules. The emergent plants directly absorb and assimilate soluble phosphate in the water through their stems and leaves, and transfer the phosphorus to the roots and surrounding sediments through active transport, converting it into organic phosphorus for storage. At the same time, the plankton, unicellular green algae and protozoa attached to the plants can also secrete extracellular enzymes, thereby degrading the phosphorus in the water.

[0008] Preferably, the interior of the first gabion is filled with pebbles of 10-25 cm.

[0009] Through the above technical solution, pebbles are set. Since pebbles are mostly oval or round in shape and have a smooth surface, they can provide good water flowability and at the same time can intercept larger suspended particles, playing a role of physical filtration. Pebbles are not easy to grow algae and bacteria and will not cause secondary pollution to the water quality. Pebbles are made of natural materials, are pollution-free, recyclable, widely available, relatively low in cost, and simple to maintain.

[0010] Preferably, the second filtering mechanism is configured as a submerged plant planting area for growing hornwort.

[0011] Through the above technical solution, duckweed is set up and widely used in water ecological restoration projects because it can absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in water bodies, thereby reducing the eutrophication level of water bodies. Studies have shown that duckweed has a significant removal effect on total nitrogen and total phosphorus in water bodies. In addition, duckweed can also produce ecological effects on water quality through its root secretions, further enhancing the self-purification ability of water bodies.

[0012] Preferably, the second gabion is filled with 5-10 cm thick volcanic rocks.

[0013] Through the above technical solution, volcanic rock is set. As a porous material, volcanic rock has significant filtering and adsorption effects in the water treatment system. Its physical properties make it have low resistance to water flow, not easy to clog, uniform water and air distribution, rough surface, fast biofilm formation speed, and the microbial film is not easy to fall off. The porous structure of volcanic rock provides a large surface area, which is conducive to the attachment and growth of microorganisms, thereby enhancing biodegradation. In addition, the surface of volcanic rock carries a positive charge, which is conducive to the fixation and growth of microorganisms, and has strong hydrophilicity, which helps to improve the removal efficiency of organic pollutants such as COD in water.

[0014] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a fixed plate, support rods are fixedly installed on the upper parts of both sides of the ditch, a cross bar is fixedly connected between the opposite surfaces of each two support rods, a slide groove is opened on the side of the cross bar, the fixed plate is slidably inserted into the inner side walls of the two slide grooves, a mounting plate 1 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the fixed plate, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected between the opposite surfaces of the two mounting plates 1 through a ball bearing, the arc surface of the two rotating shafts is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 2, the lower part of the mounting plate 2 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the fixed plate, and the arc surface of the rotating shaft is fixed A winder is installed, and a pull rope is fixedly connected to the arc surface of the winder. A sliding hole is opened on the surface of the fixed plate, and the arc surface of the pull rope is slidably inserted into the inner wall of the sliding hole. The upper parts of the first Binger gabion and the second Binger gabion are respectively fixedly installed with hanging rings, and the upper parts of the hanging rings are threadedly connected to one end of the pull rope. A motor is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting plate, and the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft through a coupling. One end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a pulley, and the pulley grooves of the two pulleys are both connected with transmission belts.

[0015] Through the above technical solution, a motor is set, and the motor is started to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, which drives the winder to rotate, so that the pull rope is wound and wound, so that the first Bingge gabion and the second Bingge gabion are lifted, and a fixed plate is set, and the fixed plate and the movable plate are slidably plugged. When the first Bingge gabion and the second Bingge gabion are lifted to a suitable height, the fixed plate is pulled to make the fixed plate move out, so that the first Bingge gabion and the second Bingge gabion are moved to the slope of the ditch, so that the staff can replace the pebbles and volcanic rocks in the first Bingge gabion and the second Bingge gabion. A pulley is set, and when one rotating shaft rotates, under the action of the transmission belt and the pulley, the two rotating shafts rotate synchronously, driving the four winders to rotate synchronously, so that the first Bingge gabion and the second Bingge gabion are steadily lifted.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. Set up the first interception net to intercept floating garbage and rotten aquatic plants on the water surface.

[0018] 2. By setting up the first filtration mechanism, the first bin gabion, the second filtration mechanism and the second bin gabion as treatment measures before the agricultural non-point source pollution ditch is collected, the total nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD indicators of the water body can be effectively reduced, and the pressure on river management after the later collection can be reduced.

[0019] 3. By setting up a motor, starting the motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, driving the winder to rotate, making the pull rope wind up and reel up, so that the first and second Binge gabions are lifted, setting a fixed plate, and slidingly plugging the fixed plate with the movable plate. When the first and second Binge gabions are lifted to a suitable height, pull the fixed plate to make the fixed plate move out, so that the first and second Binge gabions are moved to the slope of the ditch, making it convenient for the staff to replace the pebbles and volcanic rocks in the first and second Binge gabions. Setting a pulley, when one shaft rotates, under the action of the transmission belt and the pulley, the two shafts rotate synchronously, driving the four winders to rotate synchronously, so that the first and second Binge gabions are steadily lifted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an ecological interception and filtration device for treating non-point source pollution proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the lifting ring structure of an ecological interception and filtration device for treating non-point source pollution proposed in the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the motor structure of an ecological interception and filtration device for treating non-point source pollution proposed in the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the pulley structure of an ecological interception and filtration device for controlling non-point source pollution proposed in the utility model.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Ditch; 2. First interception net; 3. First gabion; 4. Second gabion; 5. First filtering mechanism; 6. Second filtering mechanism; 7. Fixed plate; 8. Support rod; 9. Cross bar; 10. Slide; 11. Mounting plate 1; 12. Rotating shaft; 13. Mounting plate 2; 14. Winder; 15. Slide hole; 16. Pull rope; 17. Lifting ring; 18. Motor; 19. Pulley; 20. Drive belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0026] Reference Figures 1-4An ecological interception and filtration device for controlling non-point source pollution includes a ditch 1, a first interception net 2 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the ditch 1, a first gabion 3 is movably installed on the inner wall of the ditch 1, a second gabion 4 is movably installed on the inner wall of the ditch 1, a first filtering mechanism 5 is arranged between the first interception net 2 and the first gabion 3, a second filtering mechanism 6 is arranged between the first gabion 3 and the second gabion 4, and a lifting mechanism is arranged on the upper parts of the first gabion 3 and the second gabion 4. By setting the first interception net 2, floating garbage and rotten aquatic plants on the water surface are intercepted.

[0027] The first filtering mechanism 5 is set as the emergent plant planting area; the establishment of emergent plants can fix most of the suspended particles through the root system of the emergent plants and reduce the clogging of subsequent modules. The emergent plants directly absorb and assimilate soluble phosphate in the water through their stems and leaves, and transfer the phosphorus to the root system and surrounding sediments through active transport, converting it into organic phosphorus for storage. At the same time, the plankton, unicellular green algae and protozoa attached to the surrounding of the plants can also secrete extracellular enzymes, thereby degrading the phosphorus in the water.

[0028] The interior of the first gabion 3 is filled with 10-25 cm pebbles; the pebbles are arranged. Since the pebbles are mostly oval or round in shape and have a smooth surface, they can provide good water flowability and at the same time can intercept larger suspended particles, playing a role of physical filtration. The pebbles are not easy to grow algae and bacteria and will not cause secondary pollution to the water quality. The pebbles are made of natural materials, are pollution-free, recyclable, widely available, relatively low in cost, and simple to maintain.

[0029] The second filtering mechanism 6 is configured as a submerged plant planting area for planting duckweed; duckweed is widely used in water ecological restoration projects because it can absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in water bodies, thereby reducing the eutrophication level of water bodies. Studies have shown that duckweed has a significant removal effect on total nitrogen and total phosphorus in water bodies. In addition, duckweed can also produce ecological effects on water quality through its root secretions, further enhancing the self-purification ability of water bodies.

[0030] The second gabion 4 is filled with 5-10cm volcanic rocks; volcanic rocks are set. As a porous material, volcanic rocks have significant filtering and adsorption effects in water treatment systems. Its physical properties make it have low resistance to water flow, not easy to clog, uniform water and air distribution, rough surface, fast film formation speed, and microbial film is not easy to fall off. The porous structure of volcanic rocks provides a large surface area, which is conducive to the attachment and growth of microorganisms, thereby enhancing biodegradation. In addition, the surface of volcanic rocks carries a positive charge, which is conducive to the fixation and growth of microorganisms, and has strong hydrophilicity, which helps to improve the removal efficiency of organic pollutants such as COD in water.

[0031] By setting up the first filtering mechanism 5, the first bin gabion 3, the second filtering mechanism 6 and the second bin gabion 4 as treatment measures before the agricultural non-point source pollution ditch 1 is collected, the total nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD indicators of the water body can be effectively reduced, and the pressure on river management after the later collection can be reduced.

[0032] The lifting mechanism includes a fixed plate 7, support rods 8 are fixedly installed on the upper part of both sides of the ditch 1, and a cross bar 9 is fixedly connected between the opposite surfaces of each two support rods 8. A slide groove 10 is opened on the side of the cross bar 9, and the fixed plate 7 is slidably inserted into the inner side wall of the two slide grooves 10. A mounting plate 11 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the fixed plate 7, and a rotating shaft 12 is rotatably connected between the opposite surfaces of the two mounting plates 11 through a ball bearing. The arc surface of the two rotating shafts 12 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 2 13. The lower part of the mounting plate 2 13 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the fixed plate 7, and a winding machine is fixedly installed on the arc surface of the rotating shaft 12 14. A pull rope 16 is fixedly connected to the arc surface of the winder 14. A sliding hole 15 is opened on the surface of the fixed plate 7. The arc surface of the pull rope 16 is slidably plugged into the inner side wall of the sliding hole 15. The upper parts of the first Binge stone cage 3 and the second Binge stone cage 4 are respectively fixedly installed with a lifting ring 17. The upper part of the lifting ring 17 is threadedly connected to one end of the pull rope 16. A motor 18 is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting plate 11. The output end of the motor 18 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 12 through a coupling. One end of the rotating shaft 12 is fixedly connected to a pulley 19. The pulley grooves of the two pulleys 19 are connected with a transmission belt 20.

[0033] By setting a motor 18, starting the motor 18 drives the rotating shaft 12 to rotate, driving the winder 14 to rotate, and making the pull rope 16 wind and wind, so that the first Bingge gabion 3 and the second Bingge gabion 4 are lifted, and setting a fixed plate 7, and the fixed plate 7 is slidably plugged with the movable plate. When the first Bingge gabion 3 and the second Bingge gabion 4 are lifted to a suitable height, the fixed plate 7 is pulled to make the fixed plate 7 move out, so that the first Bingge gabion 3 and the second Bingge gabion 4 are moved to the slope of the ditch 1, so that the staff can replace the pebbles and volcanic rocks in the first Bingge gabion 3 and the second Bingge gabion 4. A pulley 19 is set. When one rotating shaft 12 rotates, under the action of the transmission belt 20 and the pulley 19, the two rotating shafts 12 rotate synchronously, driving the four winders 14 to rotate synchronously, so that the first Bingge gabion 3 and the second Bingge gabion 4 are steadily lifted.

[0034] Working principle: When water passes through the ditch 1, the first interception net 2 intercepts the floating garbage and rotten water plants on the water surface, and then passes through the first filtering mechanism 5, where most of the suspended particles are fixed by the roots of the emergent plants, and the blockage of the subsequent modules is reduced. After passing through the first gabion 3, the larger suspended particles are intercepted by pebbles, which plays a role of physical filtration. After passing through the second filtering mechanism 6, the hornwort absorbs nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients, thereby reducing the eutrophication level of the water body. Finally, after passing through the second gabion 4, the volcanic rocks further adsorb organic pollutants such as COD in the water body. When the first gabion 3 is needed, the volcanic rocks adsorb organic pollutants such as COD in the water body. When replacing the pebbles and volcanic rocks in the Binge gabion 3 and the second Binge gabion 4, start the motor 18 to drive the rotating shaft 12 to rotate, drive the winder 14 to rotate, and make the pull rope 16 wind and reel, so that the first Binge gabion 3 and the second Binge gabion 4 are lifted, and a fixed plate 7 is set, and the fixed plate 7 is slidably plugged with the movable plate. When the first Binge gabion 3 and the second Binge gabion 4 are lifted to a suitable height, pull the fixed plate 7 to make the fixed plate 7 move out, and move the first Binge gabion 3 and the second Binge gabion 4 to the slope of the ditch 1, so that the staff can replace the pebbles and volcanic rocks in the first Binge gabion 3 and the second Binge gabion 4 conveniently.

[0035] The above is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and utility model concept of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological interception and filtration device for treating non-point source pollution, comprising a ditch (1), characterized in that: A first interception net (2) is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the ditch (1), a first gabion (3) is movably installed on the inner side wall of the ditch (1), a second gabion (4) is movably installed on the inner side wall of the ditch (1), a first filtering mechanism (5) is provided between the first interception net (2) and the first gabion (3), a second filtering mechanism (6) is provided between the first gabion (3) and the second gabion (4), and a lifting mechanism is provided on the upper parts of the first gabion (3) and the second gabion (4); The first filtering mechanism (5) realizes the action of absorbing suspended particles in water; The second filtering mechanism (6) realizes the action of reducing the nitrogen and phosphorus eutrophic elements in the water body; The lifting mechanism realizes the lifting and replacement action of the first Bingge gabion (3) and the second Bingge gabion (4).

2. The ecological interception and filtration device for treating non-point source pollution according to claim 1 is characterized by: The first filtering mechanism (5) is arranged as an emergent plant planting area.

3. The ecological interception and filtration device for treating non-point source pollution according to claim 1 is characterized by: The interior of the first gabion (3) is filled with pebbles of 10-25 cm.

4. The ecological interception and filtration device for treating non-point source pollution according to claim 1 is characterized by: The second filtering mechanism (6) is configured as a submerged plant planting area for planting hornwort.

5. The ecological interception and filtration device for treating non-point source pollution according to claim 1 is characterized by: The second gabion (4) is filled with 5-10 cm thick volcanic rocks.

6. The ecological interception and filtration device for treating non-point source pollution according to claim 1 is characterized by: The lifting mechanism includes a fixed plate (7), support rods (8) are fixedly installed on the upper parts of both sides of the ditch (1), and a cross bar (9) is fixedly connected between the opposite surfaces of each two support rods (8), and a sliding groove (10) is opened on the side of the cross bar (9). The fixed plate (7) is slidably inserted into the inner side walls of the two sliding grooves (10), and a mounting plate (11) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the fixed plate (7). The opposite surfaces of the two mounting plates (11) are rotatably connected through ball bearings. A rotating shaft (12), the arc surfaces of the two rotating shafts (12) are rotatably connected to a second mounting plate (13), the lower portion of the second mounting plate (13) is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the fixed plate (7), a winder (14) is fixedly installed on the arc surface of the rotating shaft (12), a pull rope (16) is fixedly connected to the arc surface of the winder (14), a sliding hole (15) is opened on the surface of the fixed plate (7), and the arc surface of the pull rope (16) is slidably plugged into the inner wall of the sliding hole (15).

7. The ecological interception and filtration device for treating non-point source pollution according to claim 6, characterized in that: A lifting ring (17) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the first gabion (3) and the second gabion (4), respectively. The upper part of the lifting ring (17) is threadedly connected to one end of the pull rope (16). A motor (18) is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting plate (11). The output end of the motor (18) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft (12) through a coupling. One end of the rotating shaft (12) is fixedly connected to a pulley (19). The pulley grooves of the two pulleys (19) are both connected to a transmission belt (20).

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