Production equipment of solubilizer for improving low-temperature compatibility of base oil of refrigerating machine oil
Through improved production equipment and process flow, the low-temperature compatibility of refrigeration oil base oil is enhanced, the problems of poor compatibility and environmental pollution in traditional processes are solved, and energy-saving and environmentally friendly production effects are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422726638.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-03-05
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-08
AI Technical Summary
Traditional refrigeration oil base oil has poor compatibility with refrigerants under low temperature conditions, and additive precipitation is prone to occur, resulting in abnormal equipment operation. In addition, the production process has problems of environmental pollution and poor thermal oxidation stability.
A production equipment including an ion exchange membrane filter, a preheater, a fractionating tower, a polymerization reactor, a light hydrogenation reactor and a distillation tower is used to enhance the low-temperature compatibility of the base oil through a series of reaction and fractionation steps, and to achieve energy conservation and consumption reduction by utilizing internal heat circulation.
It improves the compatibility of refrigeration oil base oil under low temperature conditions, reduces heat energy consumption, achieves environmentally friendly production, and improves the stability and efficiency of equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN223373036U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of refrigerator lubricants, in particular to solubilizer production equipment for increasing the low-temperature compatibility of refrigerator oil base oil. Background Art
[0002] Refrigeration oil is a lubricant primarily used in refrigeration equipment, playing a key role in the function and effectiveness of refrigeration systems, particularly in lubrication, cooling, sealing, and noise reduction. To ensure the proper operation of the associated moving equipment and the systems in which it resides, refrigeration oil must exhibit excellent chemical stability when coexisting with the refrigerant, excellent solubility with the refrigerant, good lubricity, excellent low-temperature fluidity, no waxy flocculent separation, no water or mechanical impurities, and excellent insulation properties.
[0003] In addition to the various properties mentioned above, the characteristics of refrigeration oil also require attention to its appearance. Qualified refrigeration oil should be a transparent liquid free of impurities. If the color darkens or becomes whitish or turbid during use, it indicates that the refrigeration oil has deteriorated and needs to be replaced promptly.
[0004] Therefore, refrigeration oil can effectively lubricate and cool the various components of the refrigeration system, thereby improving the operating efficiency and stability of the entire system. However, its disadvantages include high price and the need for regular replacement.
[0005] In terms of the operating process, the refrigeration compressor relies on the decompression and evaporation of the refrigerant to achieve low temperature during operation, while the refrigeration oil lubricates the working parts of the refrigeration system.
[0006] In recent years, the technology behind various refrigeration systems, including refrigerators, freezers, air conditioners, large cold storage facilities, and refrigerated trucks, has steadily improved. Energy conservation, rotational design, compactness, lightweight design, full enclosure, and high efficiency have become the new hallmarks of the refrigeration industry. At the same time, in cold winters and at high altitudes, machinery and equipment must operate at lower temperatures, which can reduce the low-temperature fluidity and additive compatibility of engine oils, impacting normal industrial production. These changes and developments have fueled the development and production of refrigeration oils, while also placing higher demands on their performance and quality.
[0007] Although the production process of traditional refrigeration oil base oil is highly sensitive to additives, it has fatal defects such as severe environmental pollution and poor thermal oxidation stability of the base oil, and is being gradually replaced by new processes.
[0008] While the main production routes currently available on the market are environmentally friendly and offer excellent thermal and oxidative stability, the base oils do not contain aromatics, resulting in poor compatibility with various additives. This compatibility is particularly poor at low temperatures. Additive precipitation is also a common problem, leading to additive inefficiency and consequently, equipment malfunction. Utility Model Content
[0009] In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model proposes a solubilizer production device for increasing the low-temperature compatibility of refrigeration oil base oil.
[0010] The utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
[0011] A solubilizer production device for increasing the low-temperature compatibility of a refrigerator oil base oil comprises an ion exchange membrane filter, a preheater, a fractionating tower, a polymerization reactor, a light hydrogenation reactor, and a rectifying tower connected in sequence;
[0012] The top of the fractionation tower is provided with a first condenser and a first reflux tank, the first reflux tank is connected to the fractionation tower, and the first reflux tank is also connected to the catalytic reforming unit; the bottom of the fractionation tower is provided with a first reboiler, the first reboiler is connected to the bottom of the fractionation tower, and the bottom material is heated and vaporized and then returned to the bottom of the tower.
[0013] The polymerization reactor is a continuously operated moving bed reactor, and the polymerization reactor is connected to a regenerator;
[0014] The top of the light hydrogenation reactor is connected to a cyclone separator, and the bottom is provided with a hydrogen storage tank, and the cyclone separator is connected to the bottom of the light hydrogenation reactor via the hydrogen storage tank;
[0015] The top of the distillation tower is provided with a second condenser and a second reflux tank, the second reflux tank is connected to the distillation tower, and the second reflux tank is also connected to the aromatics extraction unit; the bottom of the distillation tower is provided with a second reboiler.
[0016] Furthermore, the distillation tower is connected to a storage tank via a third condenser.
[0017] Furthermore, the distillation tower is connected to a refrigeration oil production unit via a third condenser.
[0018] Furthermore, the polymerization reactor is connected to the light hydrogenation reactor via a heat exchanger.
[0019] Furthermore, the upper outlet of the preheater is connected to the third condenser.
[0020] Furthermore, the heat exchanger and the third condenser are connected to the preheater and the first reboiler via a heat source transmission pipeline.
[0021] Its working process is:
[0022] The raw oil is passed through an ion exchange membrane filter to remove metallic salts, colloids, and a small amount of solid impurities from the raw oil, thereby obtaining decontaminated naphtha. The decontaminated naphtha is then heated to 40-55°C by a preheater to obtain preheated oil. The preheated oil is then passed into a fractionating tower to undergo fraction cutting, primarily to obtain fractions with a distillation range of 60-170°C, thereby obtaining distillate oil. The distillate oil is then drawn out of the fractionating tower and enters a polymerization reactor, where low-carbon organic molecules in the distillate undergo a polymerization reaction under certain conditions to obtain polymerized oil. After heat exchange, the polymerized oil enters a light hydrogenation reactor, where it is countercurrently contacted with hydrogen and subjected to a light hydrogenation reaction under the action of a catalyst to obtain refined oil. The refined oil is further fractionated in the distillation tower, and the fraction with a distillation range of 180-205°C extracted from the distillation tower is the solubilizer product. The solubilizer product is then condensed in a condenser and then flows into a solubilizer storage tank or is directly pumped into a refrigeration oil production unit for component blending.
[0023] The beneficial technical effects achieved by adopting the above technical solution are:
[0024] The installation of a preheater can achieve energy savings and consumption reductions throughout the production process in two ways: first, the preheater heats the decontaminated naphtha to a certain temperature, reducing heat consumption in the fractionator; second, the heat source in the preheater comes from the solubilizer obtained from the final distillation, thus achieving internal heat circulation in the production process.
[0025] A first condenser and a first reflux tank are provided at the top of the distillation tower. The first reflux tank is connected to the distillation tower, and the first reflux tank is also connected to the catalytic reforming unit. After the top product is condensed, part of it is sent back to the distillation tower, and the other part is sent to the catalytic reforming unit for producing gas or gasoline blending components.
[0026] A first reboiler is installed at the bottom of the fractionating tower. This reboiler heats and vaporizes the bottom material before returning it to the bottom of the tower, providing further heat for fractionation. The heat for the reboiler also comes from the solubilizer obtained from the final distillation, ensuring full utilization of the solubilizer product.
[0027] In the polymerization reactor, low-carbon organic molecules in the distillate oil undergo polymerization under certain conditions, producing a polymerized oil containing a high concentration of polyphenyl ring organic molecules. As the reaction progresses, the polymerization catalyst flows out of the reactor and is lifted to a regenerator. The regenerated catalyst is then fed back into the polymerization reactor to catalyze the polymerization of the distillate oil, completing a cycle.
[0028] After heat exchange, the polymerized oil enters the light hydrotreating reactor. There, the polymerized oil contacts hydrogen in countercurrent flow, undergoing a mild hydrogenation reaction under the action of a catalyst to produce refined oil. A cyclone separator is installed on top of the light hydrotreating reactor to separate the hydrogen from the refined oil and hydrogenation catalyst carried over. The separated hydrogen returns to the hydrogen storage tank, while the refined oil and catalyst return to the light hydrotreating reactor via the cyclone separator feedleg.
[0029] The top of the distillation column is equipped with a second condenser and a second reflux tank, which is connected to the distillation column and the aromatics extraction unit. The overhead product from the distillation column is condensed, with a portion returned to the distillation column and the remainder sent to the aromatics extraction unit for the production of benzene, toluene, and xylene products. A reboiler is located at the bottom of the column, where the bottom material is heated, vaporized, and returned to the bottom of the column, providing further heat for the distillation of the refined oil.
[0030] The heat exchanger and third condenser are connected to the preheater and first reboiler via heat source pipelines. The heat source energy in the preheater comes from the solubilizer obtained from the final distillation, thus achieving internal heat circulation in the production process. The heat source energy in the fractionation tower reboiler also comes from the solubilizer obtained from the final distillation, fully utilizing the heat of the solubilizer product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the production equipment for solubilizers used to increase the low-temperature compatibility of refrigeration oil base oils.
[0032] In the picture:
[0033] 1. Ion exchange membrane filter, 2. Preheater, 3. Fractionation tower, 31. First condenser, 32. First reflux tank, 33. First reboiler, 4. Polymerization reactor, 41. Regenerator, 42. Heat exchanger, 5. Light hydrogenation reactor, 51. Cyclone separator, 52. Hydrogen storage tank, 6. Distillation tower, 61. Second condenser, 62. Second reflux tank, 63. Second reboiler, 7. Third condenser, 8. Storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] Combined with attachment Figure 1 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0035] A solubilizer production device for increasing the low-temperature compatibility of refrigerator oil base oil comprises an ion exchange membrane filter 1, a preheater 2, a fractionating tower 3, a polymerization reactor 4, a light hydrogenation reactor 5, and a rectifying tower 6 which are connected in sequence.
[0036] The installation of preheater 2 can achieve energy savings and consumption reductions throughout the production process in two ways: first, the preheater heats the decontaminated naphtha to a certain temperature, reducing heat consumption in the fractionation tower; second, the heat source in the preheater comes from the solubilizer obtained from the final distillation, thus achieving internal heat recycling within the production process.
[0037] A first condenser 31 and a first reflux tank 32 are provided at the top of the distillation tower 3. The first reflux tank is connected to the distillation tower, and the first reflux tank is also connected to the catalytic reforming unit. After the top product is condensed, part of it is sent back to the distillation tower, and the other part is sent to the catalytic reforming unit for producing gas or gasoline blending components.
[0038] The first reboiler 33 is provided at the bottom of the fractionating tower. The first reboiler is connected to the bottom of the fractionating tower. The bottom material is heated and vaporized and then returned to the bottom of the tower. This provides further heat for fractionation. The heat of the fractionating tower reboiler also comes from the solubilizer obtained from the final distillation, so that the solubilizer product is fully utilized.
[0039] In the polymerization reactor, the low-carbon organic molecules in the distillate oil complete a polymerization reaction under certain conditions, producing a polymerized oil containing a high concentration of polyphenyl ring organic molecules. As the reaction progresses, the polymerization catalyst flows out of the reactor from top to bottom and is lifted to the regenerator 41. The regenerated catalyst is then fed back into the polymerization reactor to catalyze the polymerization reaction of the distillate oil, thus completing one cycle.
[0040] The polymerization reactor 5 is connected to the light hydrogenation reactor 5 via a heat exchanger 42 .
[0041] After heat exchange, the polymerized oil enters the light hydrogenation reactor 5. In this reactor, the polymerized oil contacts hydrogen in countercurrent flow, undergoing a mild hydrogenation reaction under the action of a catalyst to produce refined oil. A cyclone separator 51 is located atop the light hydrogenation reactor to separate the hydrogen from the refined oil and hydrogenation catalyst carried over. The separated hydrogen returns to the hydrogen storage tank 52, while the refined oil and catalyst are returned to the light hydrogenation reactor via the cyclone separator feedleg.
[0042] The top of the distillation tower 6 is equipped with a second condenser 61 and a second reflux drum 62. The second reflux drum 62 is connected to the distillation tower, which is also connected to the aromatics extraction unit. The overhead product from the distillation tower is condensed, with a portion returned to the distillation tower, while the remaining portion is sent to the aromatics extraction unit for the production of benzene, toluene, and xylene products. A second reboiler is located at the bottom of the tower. The bottom material is heated and vaporized before returning to the bottom of the tower, providing further heat for the distillation of the refined oil.
[0043] The distillation tower 6 is connected to a storage tank 8 via a third condenser 7. Alternatively, the distillation tower is connected to a refrigeration oil production unit via a third condenser.
[0044] The upper outlet of the preheater is connected to the third condenser. The preheater is heated to 40-55°C and a small amount of distillate is produced, which can be directly used as a solubilizer.
[0045] The heat exchanger and third condenser are connected to the preheater and first reboiler via heat source pipelines. The heat source energy in the preheater comes from the solubilizer obtained from the final distillation, thus achieving internal heat circulation in the production process. The heat source energy in the fractionation tower reboiler also comes from the solubilizer obtained from the final distillation, fully utilizing the heat of the solubilizer product.
[0046] The raw oil is passed through an ion exchange membrane filter to remove metallic salts, colloids, and a small amount of solid impurities from the raw oil, thereby obtaining decontaminated naphtha. The decontaminated naphtha is then heated to 40-55°C by a preheater to obtain preheated oil. The preheated oil is then passed into a fractionating tower to undergo fraction cutting, primarily to obtain fractions with a distillation range of 60-170°C, thereby obtaining distillate oil. The distillate oil is then drawn out of the fractionating tower and enters a polymerization reactor, where low-carbon organic molecules in the distillate undergo a polymerization reaction under certain conditions to obtain polymerized oil. After heat exchange, the polymerized oil enters a light hydrogenation reactor, where it is countercurrently contacted with hydrogen and subjected to a light hydrogenation reaction under the action of a catalyst to obtain refined oil. The refined oil is further fractionated in the distillation tower, and the fraction with a distillation range of 180-205°C extracted from the distillation tower is the solubilizer product. The solubilizer product is then condensed in a condenser and then flows into a solubilizer storage tank or is directly pumped into a refrigeration oil production unit for component blending.
[0047] It should be noted that, in this document, positional terms such as up, down, left, and right are used for descriptive purposes only. Furthermore, the terms "comprise," "include," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0048] Of course, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. It should be noted that all equivalent substitutions and obvious deformation forms made by any technician familiar with this field under the guidance of this specification fall within the substantive scope of this specification and should be protected by the present invention.
Claims
1. A solubilizer production device for increasing the low-temperature compatibility of refrigeration oil base oil, characterized in that: It comprises an ion exchange membrane filter (1), a preheater (2), a fractionation tower (3), a polymerization reactor (4), a light hydrogenation reactor (5), and a rectification tower (6) which are connected in sequence; The top of the fractionation tower (3) is provided with a first condenser (31) and a first reflux tank (32), the first reflux tank (32) is connected to the fractionation tower (3), and the first reflux tank (32) is also connected to the catalytic reforming unit; the bottom of the fractionation tower (3) is provided with a first reboiler (33), and the first reboiler (33) is connected to the bottom of the fractionation tower (3); The polymerization reactor (4) is a continuously operated moving bed reactor, and the polymerization reactor (4) is connected to a regenerator (41); The light hydrogenation reactor (5) is connected to a cyclone separator (51) at the top and a hydrogen storage tank (52) at the bottom. The cyclone separator (51) is connected to the bottom of the light hydrogenation reactor (5) via the hydrogen storage tank (52). The top of the distillation tower (6) is provided with a second condenser (61) and a second reflux tank (62), the second reflux tank (62) is connected to the distillation tower (6), and the second reflux tank (62) is also connected to the aromatics extraction unit; the bottom of the distillation tower (6) is provided with a second reboiler (63).
2. The solubilizer production equipment for increasing the low-temperature compatibility of refrigerator oil base oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distillation tower (6) is connected to a storage tank (8) via a third condenser (7).
3. The solubilizer production equipment for increasing the low-temperature compatibility of refrigerator oil base oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distillation tower (6) is connected to a refrigeration oil production unit via a third condenser (7).
4. A solubilizer production device for increasing the low-temperature compatibility of refrigerator oil base oil according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The polymerization reactor (4) is connected to the light hydrogenation reactor via a heat exchanger (42).
5. The solubilizer production equipment for increasing the low-temperature compatibility of refrigerator oil base oil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat exchanger (42) and the third condenser (7) are connected to the preheater (2) and the first reboiler (33) via a heat source delivery pipeline.
6. The solubilizer production equipment for increasing the low-temperature compatibility of refrigerator oil base oil according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The upper outlet of the preheater (2) is connected to the third condenser (7).