Anti-seepage brick masonry structure at bottom of aluminum electrolysis cell

Abstract

The utility model discloses an aluminum electrolysis cell bottom anti-seepage brick masonry structure which comprises an electrolysis cell steel plate shell, a bottom heat insulation plate is arranged inside the lower end of the electrolysis cell steel plate shell, a heat preservation layer is arranged at the upper end of the bottom heat insulation plate, and side heat insulation plates with upward openings are arranged outside the heat preservation layer and the bottom heat insulation plate. The three anti-seepage layers are arranged at the upper end of the heat preservation layer, the three anti-seepage layers are laid in a staggered mode through different brick types (cuboid bricks, equal-height and equal-width bricks, half-width bricks and the like), a staggered joint structure is formed, and the anti-seepage effect is remarkably improved. The positions of the upper impermeable layer and the lower impermeable layer are adjusted through the third bricks, the fifth bricks and the sixth bricks, the positions of the lower impermeable layer are adjusted through the second bricks, the fourth bricks, the fifth bricks and the sixth bricks, dislocation of brick joints is guaranteed, straight joints are prevented, the brick joints are adjusted through the bricks (such as the half-length bricks and the full-length bricks) of the specific size, and it is guaranteed that the brick joints on the same layer are staggered; upper and lower layers of brick joints are staggered, so that the structural stability and the impermeability are enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of refractory materials for nonferrous metal smelting equipment, in particular to an anti-seepage brick masonry structure at the bottom of an aluminum electrolytic cell. Background Art

[0002] Electrolytic aluminum is produced by decomposing aluminum oxide into metallic aluminum through a large electric current in an electrolytic cell. The main equipment for smelting this metallic aluminum is the electrolytic cell. With the continuous advancement of smelting technology, low-energy consumption and high-capacity electrolytic cell equipment is also constantly expanding. The 600 kA large-scale aluminum smelting electrolytic cell also places higher requirements on the refractory and anti-seepage layer at the bottom. The use of traditional anti-seepage technology can no longer meet the requirements.

[0003] In the existing technology, basically all of them refer to the anti-seepage technology of 300-500 kA aluminum electrolytic cells, which adopts a dry-type anti-seepage material dry-laid on the bottom of the furnace. Only a small number of manufacturers use anti-seepage bricks, but they all use single straight bricks or bricks with complex shapes for construction. However, the effect of using them on large electrolytic cells is still not ideal.

[0004] Patent document CN202090068U discloses a new type of anti-seepage lining structure for an aluminum electrolytic cell. The anti-seepage brick structure used is somewhat similar to the anti-seepage lining structure for an aluminum electrolytic cell disclosed in patent document CN202530175U. However, this anti-seepage brick structure is large in size and difficult to produce. When used in large electrolytic cells, there are still brick seams that run through from top to bottom. When used in large electrolytic cells, it is also prone to deformation and cannot achieve the anti-seepage effect. Patent document CN 20170441 Bottom insulation board (9) U aluminum electrolytic cell lining structure, patent document CN112226788A A method for constructing an anti-seepage insulation layer at the bottom of the cathode tank of an aluminum electrolytic cell, patent document CN203200353U A lining device for a pre-trained anode aluminum electrolytic cell, patent document CN100415938CY Aluminum electrolytic cell lining structure, patent document CN111996552A Aluminum electrolytic cell cathode bottom insulation layer structure and construction method, these public materials all describe the entire structure of the bottom of the electrolytic cell, but do not explain how the shape of the anti-seepage bricks and the combination structure are implemented.

[0005] Therefore, in the face of the anti-seepage bricks used at the bottom of the 600 kA large-scale aluminum smelting electrolytic cell, the anti-seepage bricks are simple in shape, easy to make and construct, stagger all brick joints, block the through gaps, prevent the erosion of the electrolyte, achieve good anti-seepage effect, improve the use effect and service life of the electrolytic cell, achieve the purpose of increasing efficiency and prolonging life, and meet user needs. Utility Model Content

[0006] The main purpose of the utility model is to propose an anti-seepage brick masonry structure for the bottom of an aluminum electrolytic cell, aiming to solve the problem of poor anti-seepage performance caused by the existing refractory anti-seepage layer proposed in the above background technology, which is paved with anti-seepage bricks of a single shape.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model proposes an anti-seepage brick masonry structure for the bottom of an aluminum electrolytic cell, comprising an electrolytic cell steel plate shell, a bottom insulation board is arranged inside the lower end of the electrolytic cell steel plate shell, an insulation layer is arranged on the upper end of the bottom insulation board, side insulation boards with openings upward are arranged outside the insulation layer and the bottom insulation board, three anti-seepage layers are arranged on the upper end of the insulation layer, and the three anti-seepage layers are composed of a plurality of No. 1 bricks, a plurality of No. 2 bricks, a plurality of No. 3 bricks, a plurality of No. 4 bricks, a plurality of No. 5 bricks and a plurality of No. 6 bricks.

[0008] In one embodiment, the anti-seepage layers on the upper and lower sides are both composed of a plurality of No. 1 bricks, a plurality of No. 3 bricks, a plurality of No. 5 bricks and a No. 6 brick, and the internal arrangement of the anti-seepage layers on the upper and lower sides is exactly the same.

[0009] In one embodiment, the middle anti-seepage layer is composed of a plurality of No. 1 bricks, a plurality of No. 2 bricks, a plurality of No. 4 bricks, a plurality of No. 5 bricks and a plurality of No. 6 bricks, and the plurality of No. 1 bricks, a plurality of No. 2 bricks, a plurality of No. 3 bricks, a plurality of No. 4 bricks, a plurality of No. 5 bricks and a plurality of No. 6 bricks all contain Al2O3 and SiO2.

[0010] In one embodiment, the Al2O3 content in the No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5 and No. 6 bricks is 18-21%, and the SiO2 content in the No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5 and No. 6 bricks is 65-70%.

[0011] In one embodiment, the volume density of the No. 1 brick, No. 2 brick, No. 3 brick, No. 4 brick, No. 5 brick and No. 6 brick are all 1.9-2.1 g / cm3, and the compressive strength at room temperature is ≥30 MPa, and the anti-cryolite penetration depth is ≤3.0 mm.

[0012] In one embodiment, the heights of bricks No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5 and No. 6 are the same as those of brick No. 1, and the front-to-back widths of bricks No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 are the same as those of brick No. 1.

[0013] In one embodiment, the width of the No. 5 brick and the No. 6 brick is half of the width of the No. 1 brick, and the left-right length of the No. 5 brick is the same as the left-right length of the No. 1 brick.

[0014] In one embodiment, the left and right lengths of the No. 3 and No. 6 bricks are both half of the No. 1 brick, the left and right lengths of the No. 2 brick are three quarters of the No. 1 brick, and the left and right lengths of the No. 4 brick are one quarter of the No. 1 brick.

[0015] Beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. Staggered Brick Layout for Anti-Seepage: Three layers of anti-seepage layer are laid in a staggered pattern using different brick types (rectangular bricks, bricks of equal height and width, and half-width bricks, etc.), creating a staggered joint structure that significantly improves anti-seepage effectiveness. The upper and lower anti-seepage layers are positioned using bricks numbered 3, 5, and 6, while the lower anti-seepage layer is positioned using bricks numbered 2, 4, 5, and 6, ensuring brick joints are staggered to prevent the formation of straight seams.

[0017] 2. Efficient brick joint adjustment mechanism: Use bricks of specific sizes (such as half-length bricks and full-length bricks) to adjust the brick joints, ensure that the joints of bricks on the same layer are staggered, and the joints of bricks on the upper and lower layers are also staggered, thereby enhancing structural stability and impermeability.

[0018] 3. Optimized brick composition and performance: The bricks contain a specific proportion of alumina and silica, optimized volume density and compressive strength, ensuring the structural stability and anti-penetration ability of the anti-seepage bricks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the dimensions of different types of bricks of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the plan view of the construction structure of the upper and lower anti-seepage layers of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the construction plan of the middle anti-seepage layer of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the three-layer anti-seepage layer paving of the utility model.

[0024] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals:

[0025] 1. Brick No. 1; 2. Brick No. 2; 3. Brick No. 3; 4. Brick No. 4; 5. Brick No. 5; 6. Brick No. 6; 7. Side insulation board; 8. Insulation layer; 9. Bottom insulation board; 10. Steel plate shell of electrolytic cell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0028] In this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can mean fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing throughout the text includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme in which A and B are satisfied at the same time. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0030] The utility model provides Figure 1-Figure 4The bottom anti-seepage brick masonry structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell shown in the figure comprises an electrolytic cell steel plate shell 10, a bottom heat insulation board 9 is arranged inside the lower end of the electrolytic cell steel plate shell 10, an insulation layer 8 is arranged on the upper end of the bottom heat insulation board 9, and a side heat insulation board 7 with an upward opening is arranged outside the insulation layer 8 and the bottom heat insulation board 9. The upper end of the insulation layer 8 is provided with three layers of anti-seepage layers, and the three layers of anti-seepage layers are composed of a plurality of No. 1 bricks 1, a plurality of No. 2 bricks 2, a plurality of No. 3 bricks 3, a plurality of No. 4 bricks 4, a plurality of No. 5 bricks 5 and a plurality of No. 6 bricks 6. The anti-seepage layers on the upper and lower sides are The anti-seepage layer in the middle is composed of multiple No. 1 bricks 1, multiple No. 2 bricks 2, multiple No. 4 bricks 4, multiple No. 5 bricks 5 and No. 6 bricks. The height of No. 2 bricks 2, No. 3 bricks 3, No. 4 bricks 4, No. 5 bricks 5 and No. 6 bricks are the same as that of No. 1 brick, and the front and rear widths of No. 2 bricks 2, No. 3 bricks 3 and No. 4 bricks 4 are the same as those of No. 1 brick, and the widths of No. 5 bricks 5 and No. 6 bricks 6 are the same as those of No. 1 brick. The length of the No. 5 brick 5 is the same as that of the No. 1 brick 1, the length of the No. 3 brick 3 and the No. 6 brick 6 is half of that of the No. 1 brick 1, the length of the No. 2 brick 2 is three-quarters of that of the No. 1 brick 1, and the length of the No. 4 brick 4 is one-quarter of that of the No. 1 brick 1. Electrolytic aluminum is smelted in an aluminum electrolytic cell, and the aluminum electrolytic cell can prevent internal heat loss through the side insulation board 7 and the bottom insulation board 9, and isolate the high temperature from the insulation layer 8 through the three layers of internal anti-seepage layer to prevent Damage is caused to the thermal insulation layer 8, wherein the anti-seepage layer on the upper and lower sides is laid from front to back by multiple bricks of different types, and when laying the first strip, first lay No. 6 brick 6 from left to right, and then lay multiple No. 5 bricks 5 in sequence, when laying the second strip, first lay multiple No. 1 bricks 1 from left to right, and then lay No. 3 brick 3 as the last piece, when laying the third strip, first lay No. 3 brick 3, and then lay multiple No. 1 bricks 1 in sequence, and the subsequent multiple anti-seepage bricks are laid alternately using the second and third strips for arrangement.

[0031] Preferably, the middle anti-seepage layer is laid from back to front with multiple bricks of different types, and when laying the first strip, multiple No. 5 bricks 5 are laid from left to right first, and then the No. 6 brick 6 is laid on the last piece. When laying the second strip, No. 2 brick 2 is laid from left to right first, and then multiple No. 1 bricks 1 are laid in sequence, and the No. 2 brick 2 is laid on the last piece. When laying the third strip, No. 4 brick 4 is laid first, and then multiple No. 1 bricks 1 are laid in sequence, and the No. 4 brick 4 is laid on the last piece. Subsequent multiple anti-seepage bricks are laid alternately using the arrangement of the second and third strips.

[0032] Preferably, the three anti-seepage layers are paved with bricks of different types and arranged in different ways, so that the brick joints within the same anti-seepage layer are staggered with each other. At the same time, the upper and lower anti-seepage layers are adjusted by No. 5 bricks 5 and No. 6 bricks 6, so that the brick joints between the three anti-seepage layers are staggered, avoiding the occurrence of straight joints running through the upper and lower parts, thereby improving the anti-seepage effect, and the upper and lower staggered bricks can form support to improve the stability between the anti-seepage layers.

[0033] Preferably, multiple No. 1 bricks 1, multiple No. 2 bricks 2, multiple No. 3 bricks 3, multiple No. 4 bricks 4, multiple No. 5 bricks 5 and multiple No. 6 bricks 6 all contain Al2O3 and SiO2. The Al2O3 content of No. 1 brick 1, No. 2 brick 2, No. 3 brick 3, No. 4 brick 4, No. 5 brick 5 and No. 6 brick 6 is 18-21%, and the SiO2 content of No. 1 brick 1, No. 2 brick 2, No. 3 brick 3, No. 4 brick 4, No. 5 brick 5 and No. 6 brick 6 is 65-70%. The volume density of No. 1 brick 1, No. 2 brick 2, No. 3 brick 3, No. 4 brick 4, No. 5 brick 5 and No. 6 brick 6 is 1.9-2.1 g / cm3, and the compressive strength at room temperature is ≥30 MPa, and the anti-cryolite penetration depth is ≤3.0 mm. By designing the internal components of various types of bricks, the structure of various types of bricks is more stable, the structural performance is improved, and the anti-seepage effect is improved.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the utility model concept, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-seepage brick masonry structure at the bottom of an aluminum electrolytic cell, characterized in that: The invention comprises an electrolytic cell steel plate shell (10), wherein a bottom heat insulation board (9) is provided inside the lower end of the electrolytic cell steel plate shell (10), a heat preservation layer (8) is provided on the upper end of the bottom heat insulation board (9), a side heat insulation board (7) with an opening facing upward is provided outside the heat preservation layer (8) and the bottom heat insulation board (9), and a three-layer anti-seepage layer is provided on the upper end of the heat preservation layer (8), and the three-layer anti-seepage layer is formed by arranging a plurality of No. 1 bricks (1), a plurality of No. 2 bricks (2), a plurality of No. 3 bricks (3), a plurality of No. 4 bricks (4), a plurality of No. 5 bricks (5) and a plurality of No. 6 bricks (6).

2. The anti-seepage brick masonry structure at the bottom of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-seepage layers on the upper and lower sides are both formed by arranging a plurality of No. 1 bricks (1), a plurality of No. 3 bricks (3), a plurality of No. 5 bricks (5) and a plurality of No. 6 bricks (6), and the internal arrangement of the anti-seepage layers on the upper and lower sides is exactly the same.

3. The anti-seepage brick masonry structure at the bottom of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle anti-seepage layer is formed by arranging a plurality of No. 1 bricks (1), a plurality of No. 2 bricks (2), a plurality of No. 4 bricks (4), a plurality of No. 5 bricks (5) and a No. 6 brick (6).

4. The anti-seepage brick masonry structure at the bottom of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heights of the No. 2 brick (2), No. 3 brick (3), No. 4 brick (4), No. 5 brick (5) and No. 6 brick (6) are the same as those of the No. 1 brick (1), and the front-to-back widths of the No. 2 brick (2), No. 3 brick (3) and No. 4 brick (4) are the same as those of the No. 1 brick (1).

5. The anti-seepage brick masonry structure at the bottom of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The width of the No. 5 brick (5) and the No. 6 brick (6) is half of the width of the No. 1 brick (1), and the left and right lengths of the No. 5 brick (5) are the same as the left and right lengths of the No. 1 brick (1).

6. The anti-seepage brick masonry structure at the bottom of an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The left and right lengths of the No. 3 brick (3) and the No. 6 brick (6) are both half of the No. 1 brick (1), the left and right lengths of the No. 2 brick (2) are three quarters of the No. 1 brick (1), and the left and right lengths of the No. 4 brick (4) are one quarter of the No. 1 brick (1).

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