Soil surface roughness measuring device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a soil surface roughness measuring device, the roughness of the soil surface is described through the fluctuation generated when a vertical metal needle is in contact with the ground, and a laser range finder at the top of the device is used for measuring the distance between the laser range finder and a metal needle cap to obtain the ground gradient required for calculating the roughness. The device is light in structure, convenient to disassemble, suitable for field soil roughness measurement, high in data precision and high in measurement speed, and the measurement task can be efficiently completed even in a plot with high plant shielding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a soil measuring device, in particular to a soil surface roughness measuring device. Background Art

[0002] Soil surface roughness is a key parameter that characterizes soil hydrological characteristics and influences soil properties. In microwave remote sensing, soil surface roughness is a key parameter for inferring soil moisture and plays a crucial role in improving the accuracy and reliability of remote sensing data. In hydrology, soil surface roughness affects the rate of water infiltration into the soil and surface runoff patterns, and is crucial for understanding and predicting the hydrological cycle and soil erosion. Common soil surface roughness measurement methods include the metal needle method and the full laser method. The metal needle method requires taking a photograph and then identifying the curve of the needle in the photograph to determine soil surface roughness. This method is inconvenient in plots obscured by tall vegetation, requiring the crops to be removed or a large background panel to be used to block the vegetation. Furthermore, measurement accuracy is highly dependent on the angle and resolution of the image, making it prone to inaccuracy. The full laser method uses a laser to directly scan the soil under test to measure roughness. However, in practice, this method often encounters abnormal points in the soil where crops or weeds are present, making analysis impossible. Considering other testing methods such as the cross-section panel method, stereo camera method, image shadow method, ultrasonic method, etc., among the current measurement methods, the more efficient methods are also relatively expensive, while the lower-cost methods have certain accuracy deficiencies. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In response to the above problems, the utility model proposes a soil surface roughness measuring device, which is suitable for measuring soil roughness in the field; it meets the requirements of efficiently completing measurement tasks in plots with tall plants or weeds.

[0004] Technical solution: The technical solution adopted by the utility model is a soil surface roughness measuring device, which includes vertical support rods on both sides, and a metal needle array plate movably connected to the vertical support rods through a connecting piece, and the height of the metal needle array plate can be adjusted up and down; the metal needle array plate includes two horizontal bars, and a plurality of metal needles vertically inserted into the two horizontal bars, the metal needles are arranged in a horizontal direction to form a metal needle array, and the height of the metal needles can be adjusted up and down; it also includes a screw rod located above the metal needle array plate, and a laser rangefinder is provided on the screw rod. The laser rangefinder can slide along the screw rod and measure the distance from itself to the upper end of each metal needle during the sliding period.

[0005] Furthermore, the device also includes a stepper motor for driving the laser rangefinder to slide along the lead screw. Still further, the device also includes a stepper motor controller for controlling the operation of the stepper motor.

[0006] The laser rangefinder measures the distance from the metal needle by emitting laser light to the metal needle and receiving the reflected signal.

[0007] Preferably, a metal needle cap is provided at the upper end of the metal needle to increase the laser irradiation area.

[0008] The crossbar of the metal needle array plate also includes a handle for driving the metal needle array plate to slide up and down.

[0009] The device further comprises a fixing screw for fixing the position of the metal needle array plate.

[0010] In terms of data processing, one solution is to export the data through a USB interface. The device also includes a USB interface, which is electrically connected to the laser rangefinder and is used to export the test data of the laser rangefinder for processing.

[0011] Another solution is to directly process the test data locally. The device also includes a microprocessor electrically connected to the laser rangefinder, and the microprocessor is used to process the test data.

[0012] Finally, the device also includes a power supply battery to power the entire device.

[0013] Beneficial effects: Compared with the existing technology, the utility model has the following advantages: the utility model cleverly combines a metal needle and a laser device, physically locates the undulations of the soil surface through the metal needle, and then automatically measures the distance through a laser rangefinder, and processes the distance data to indirectly obtain the roughness. The utility model has higher accuracy than the traditional picture shooting method and the full laser method. It has a simple structure, a light structure, is easy to disassemble and carry, has a wide range of applications, and has high accuracy. For plots of land with tall plants or ordinary grasslands, the obstruction of the plants no longer affects the use of the device, so that the device can be tested in such areas without damage, and has better applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the soil surface roughness measuring device described in the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The technical solution of the present utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] The soil surface roughness measuring device described in the utility model has a structural schematic diagram as shown in FIG. Figure 1As shown. It includes vertical support rods 1 on both sides, with a metal needle array plate movably connected to the vertical support rods 1 via connectors 4. The metal needle array plate can be adjusted up and down along a slide rail 8. The metal needle array plate includes two horizontal bars 3 and a number of metal needles 6 vertically inserted into the two horizontal bars 3. The metal needles 6 are arranged horizontally to form a metal needle array, and the metal needles can be adjusted up and down. It also includes a screw rod 15 located above the metal needle array plate. The screw rod 15 is equipped with a laser rangefinder 13. The laser rangefinder 13 can slide along the screw rod 15 and measure the distance from itself to the top of each metal needle during the sliding process. The vertical support rods of the device can also be provided with metal handles 9 for easy transportation.

[0017] The device may also be provided with a stepper motor 14 for driving the laser rangefinder 13 to slide along the lead screw 15. Furthermore, the device may also be provided with a stepper motor controller 11 for controlling the operation of the stepper motor 14.

[0018] The laser rangefinder 13 measures the distance from itself to the metal needle by emitting laser light to the metal needle and receiving the reflected signal.

[0019] Preferably, a metal needle cap 5 is provided at the upper end of the metal needle 6 to increase the laser irradiation area.

[0020] A handle 7 is also provided on the crossbar 3 of the metal needle array plate for driving the metal needle array plate to slide up and down.

[0021] The device further comprises a fixing screw 2 for fixing the position of the metal needle array plate.

[0022] As for data processing, one solution is to export the data through a USB interface. The device also includes a USB interface 12, which is electrically connected to the laser rangefinder 13 and is used to export the test data of the laser rangefinder 13 for processing.

[0023] Another solution is to directly process the test data locally. The device also includes a microprocessor electrically connected to the laser rangefinder, and the microprocessor is used to process the test data.

[0024] Finally, the device also includes a power supply battery 10 to provide power for the entire device.

[0025] The overall height of the device is 1.3 to 1.4 meters. Sliding connectors are located on both sides of the device and are used to connect the vertical support rods and the horizontal rod. The horizontal rod is located in the middle of the device and can slide up and down with the sliding connector, thereby driving the metal needle to move. The screw is located above the device and provides a moving track for the laser rangefinder. At the same time, batteries, stepper motors and their controllers, and USB interfaces are installed on the left and right sides of the screw to power the laser rangefinder and send control signals, respectively. The laser rangefinder measures the distance between the two by emitting laser light to the metal needle caps, and can move with the screw to obtain the distance to each metal needle. The metal needles are located vertically downward on the horizontal rod and arranged horizontally, each with a length of 0.8 meters. The metal needle caps are fixed above the metal needles to increase the laser irradiation area and to fix the metal needles in the reset state.

[0026] The specific operating procedure for this device to measure soil roughness is as follows: First, place the device steadily on the soil surface to be measured. Then, adjust the set screws, move the vertical support rod and the sliding connector to ensure the metal pins are at the appropriate height and level. Start the measurement process, moving the laser rangefinder on the screw to quickly determine the initial distance to each metal pin. If tall plants are blocking the laser rangefinder from the metal cap, manually move the plant's leaves to make room. Lower the horizontal bar to ensure the metal pins are in full contact with the soil surface being measured, taking care to operate gently to avoid damaging the soil surface. If short plants are blocking the metal pins from the soil, move the plant's leaves to make room. Start the process again, slide the laser rangefinder to determine the final distance to each metal pin, completing the measurement. Rotate the device to perform multiple measurements on a two-dimensional surface.

Claims

1. A soil surface roughness measuring device, characterized in that: It includes vertical support rods on both sides, and a metal needle array plate is movably connected to the vertical support rods through a connecting piece, and the height of the metal needle array plate can be adjusted up and down; the metal needle array plate includes two horizontal bars and a plurality of metal needles vertically inserted into the two horizontal bars, and the metal needles are arranged in a horizontal direction to form a metal needle array, and the height of the metal needles can be adjusted up and down; it also includes a screw rod located above the metal needle array plate, and a laser rangefinder is provided on the screw rod. The laser rangefinder can slide along the screw rod and measure the distance from itself to the upper end of each metal needle during the sliding period.

2. The soil surface roughness measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a stepping motor, which is used for driving the laser rangefinder to slide along the lead screw.

3. The soil surface roughness measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The device also includes a stepper motor controller for controlling the operation of the stepper motor.

4. The soil surface roughness measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser rangefinder measures the distance from the metal needle by emitting laser light to the metal needle and receiving the reflected signal.

5. The soil surface roughness measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A metal needle cap is provided at the upper end of the metal needle to increase the laser irradiation area.

6. The soil surface roughness measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crossbar of the metal needle array plate is also provided with a handle for driving the metal needle array plate to slide up and down.

7. The soil surface roughness measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a USB interface, which is electrically connected to the laser rangefinder and is used to export and process the test data of the laser rangefinder.

8. The soil surface roughness measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device further comprises a fixing screw for fixing the position of the metal needle array plate.

9. The soil surface roughness measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device further comprises a microprocessor electrically connected to the laser rangefinder, and the microprocessor is used for processing test data.

10. The soil surface roughness measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a battery for power supply.

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