Sampling rake for evaluating submerged vegetation coverage and biomass

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sampling harrow for evaluating submerged vegetation coverage and biomass, the sampling harrow comprises two handles, a sampling rod, a lengthening rod, a sampler and harrow teeth, and the outer surface of each handle is provided with anti-slip lines; the number of the sampling rods is two, and the upper end of each sampling rod is detachably connected with the handle; the number of the extension rods is two, and the upper end of each extension rod is detachably connected with the lower end of the sampling rod; the number of the samplers is two, each sampler comprises a rake rod and a first rake surface, the upper end of the rake rod is detachably connected with the lower end of the extension rod, and the middle parts of the two rake rods are connected in a crossed manner; the harrow teeth are divided into two groups, each group comprises two sets of harrow teeth, one end of each set of harrow teeth is detachably connected with the first harrow surface, and one group of harrow teeth is mounted according to the sparse condition of vegetation. The sampling rake provided by the utility model can accurately evaluate the submerged vegetation coverage and biomass of the sampling points.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of water ecological environment investigation, in particular to a sampling rake for evaluating submerged vegetation coverage and biomass. Background Art

[0002] In 2023, 74.6% of the 209 key lakes and reservoirs monitored nationwide had excellent water quality (surface water quality Class I-III). While the proportion of excellent water quality in major water bodies nationwide has increased, and water pollution control has achieved significant results, prominent shortcomings remain, such as the degradation of aquatic vegetation and severe imbalances in aquatic ecosystems. Current ecological and environmental management has shifted from excellent water quality in water environment assessments to healthy water ecosystems in water ecology assessments, such as scientific aquatic vegetation structure, moderate aquatic vegetation cover, and biomass. my country has launched a pilot water ecology assessment program in the Yangtze River Basin, which will be officially implemented in 2025. The water ecology assessment indicators for lakes in the Yangtze River Basin include the coverage of aquatic vegetation (including emergent, floating, submerged, and hygrophytes). This indicator specifically represents the proportion of aquatic vegetation within the lake's boundaries to the lake's surface area. Emergent, floating, and hygrophytes vegetation are all above the water surface, making their coverage data relatively easy to obtain through visual inspection or sampling. However, submerged vegetation spends most of its life cycle submerged in water, and it is difficult to obtain coverage data intuitively and accurately on the water surface. This is the focus and difficulty of the current water ecological assessment work in the Yangtze River Basin.

[0003] Currently, submerged vegetation cover is primarily determined through visual inspection or remote sensing interpretation. Visual inspection involves determining submerged vegetation cover based on visual observations of the sampling area. This method is significantly influenced by the sampler's subjective judgment and factors such as water depth, water transparency, and turbidity, resulting in limited data comparability and accuracy. Remote sensing interpretation, while offering broad spatial and temporal coverage, suffers from difficulties in acquiring imagery data, a lack of valid data, and the influence of factors such as water depth, transparency, and turbidity. Furthermore, it is affected by the interpretation method, resulting in low accuracy and significant discrepancies between results obtained by different interpretation methods, making the results less objective. Visual inspection or remote sensing interpretation cannot accurately determine the true cover and biomass of submerged vegetation in lakes.

[0004] Based on the above background, how to use simple sampling tools to quickly and accurately measure the coverage and biomass of submerged vegetation is an urgent task to support the water ecological assessment work in the Yangtze River Basin. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a sampling rake for evaluating the coverage and biomass of submerged vegetation, aiming to be able to quickly and accurately measure the coverage and biomass of submerged vegetation.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a sampling rake for evaluating submerged vegetation coverage and biomass, comprising:

[0007] There are two handles, and the outer surface of each handle is provided with anti-slip grooves;

[0008] Sampling rods, there are two sampling rods, and the upper end of each sampling rod is detachably connected to the handle;

[0009] Extension rods, there are two extension rods, the upper end of each extension rod is detachably connected to the lower end of the sampling rod; and

[0010] Samplers, wherein there are two samplers, each of the samplers comprises a rake rod and a first rake surface, the upper end of the rake rod is detachably connected to the lower end of the extension rod, and the middle parts of the two rake rods are cross-connected; and,

[0011] The rake teeth are divided into two groups, each group of the rake teeth comprises two sets, each set of the rake teeth is detachably connected to the first rake surface, and one of the groups is installed according to the sparseness of the vegetation.

[0012] Preferably, the rake teeth include first coarse rake teeth, first through holes and second rake surfaces, the first coarse rake teeth are provided in plurality, the cross section of the first coarse rake teeth is sawtooth-shaped, the vertical outer cross section of the first coarse rake teeth is wavy or sawtooth-shaped, and rake holes are formed between the plurality of the first coarse rake teeth.

[0013] Preferably, the rake teeth include second coarse rake teeth, micro rake teeth, second through holes and third rake surfaces, the second coarse rake teeth and micro rake teeth are provided in plurality, the second coarse rake teeth are long strips, rake holes are formed between the plurality of second coarse rake teeth, and the micro rake teeth are provided between the rake holes.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of connection holes are provided in the middle portion of the rake rod.

[0015] Preferably, the middle parts of the two rake rods are cross-connected by screws, and the opening angle is limited by a limit nut. The maximum opening angle between the two rake rods is 120 degrees, and the opening angle is further adjusted through the connecting hole.

[0016] Preferably, the handle is sleeved on the upper end of the sampling rod.

[0017] Preferably, the sampling rod is connected to the extension rod via a thread; and / or,

[0018] The rake rod is connected to the extension rod through threads.

[0019] Preferably, the handle has an inner diameter of 1.0-3.5 cm and a thickness of 0.3-0.5 cm; and / or,

[0020] The outer diameter of the extension rod is 1.0-3.5 cm and the length is 0.5-1.2 m; and / or,

[0021] The sampling rod has an outer diameter of 1.0-3.5 cm and a length of 0.5-1.2 m.

[0022] Preferably, a hollow hole is provided in the middle of the extension rod and the sampling rod.

[0023] Preferably, the rake rod is a hollow rod, and the length of the rake rod is 0.3-1.5m.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] (1) The sampling rake for evaluating the coverage and biomass of submerged vegetation provided by the utility model is composed of a handle, a sampling rod, an extension rod, a sampler, and rake teeth. The handle is put on the upper end of the sampling rod, and the sampling rod, the extension rod and the sampler are connected in sequence. The sampling rake is opened to the maximum opening angle through the limit nut of the sampler, and is put into the water perpendicular to the water surface. The sampling rake is combined to collect underwater submerged vegetation out of the water.

[0026] (2) The sampling rake provided by the utility model is simple in method for collecting vegetation, easy to use, applicable to different water bodies, and can accurately assess the coverage and biomass of submerged vegetation. The sampling process can reduce labor loss.

[0027] (3) When preparing the sampling rake, a hollow extension rod was designed, which can be flexibly connected according to the depth of the water body. This design solves the applicability problem when monitoring and sampling the submerged vegetation coverage of different water bodies; the sampling rake is designed with two sets of rake teeth, which can be flexibly configured according to the lushness of the submerged vegetation in the actual sampling water body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a sampling rake for evaluating submerged vegetation coverage and biomass according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of one set of rake teeth of the middle sampling rake;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 1Schematic diagram of another set of rake teeth structure of the middle sampling rake;

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the sampler structure.

[0033] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0034]

[0035]

[0036] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0039] In addition, the descriptions of "first," "second," etc. in this utility model are for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the fact that they can be implemented by ordinary technicians in this field. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this utility model.

[0040] In view of the fact that the existing methods for evaluating submerged vegetation coverage and biomass are complex or not accurate enough, the utility model proposes a sampling rake for evaluating submerged vegetation coverage and biomass, referring to Figures 1 to 4 , Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a sampling rake for evaluating submerged vegetation coverage and biomass according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 for Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of one set of rake teeth of the middle sampling rake; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of another set of rake teeth structure of the middle sampling rake; Figure 4 for Figure 1 The following is a detailed description of the sampling rake for assessing submerged vegetation coverage and biomass, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present utility model, Figure 1 Figure 4 As shown, the sampling rake 100 for evaluating submerged vegetation coverage and biomass includes a handle 1, a sampling rod 2, an extension rod 3, a sampler 4 and rake teeth 5. There are two handles 1, and the outer surface of each handle 1 is provided with anti-slip grooves; there are two sampling rods 2, and the upper end of each sampling rod 2 is detachably connected to the handle 1; there are two extension rods 3, and the upper end of each extension rod 3 is detachably connected to the lower end of the sampling rod 2; there are two samplers 4, and each sampler 4 includes a rake rod and a first rake surface 42, the upper end of the rake rod is detachably connected to the lower end of the extension rod 3, and the middle parts of the two rake rods are cross-connected; there are two groups of rake teeth 5, each group of rake teeth 5 consists of two sets, each set of rake teeth 5 is detachably connected to the first rake surface 42, and one group is installed according to the sparseness of the vegetation.

[0043] The technical solution of the present utility model comprises a sampling rake 100 composed of a handle 1, a sampling rod 2, an extension rod 3, a sampler 4 and rake teeth 5. The handle 1 is put on the upper end of the sampling rod 2, and the sampling rod 2, the extension rod 3 and the sampler 4 are connected in sequence. The extension rod 3 can be flexibly connected according to the depth of the water body. This design solves the applicability problem when sampling the coverage of submerged vegetation in different water bodies. The vegetation collection method is simple and easy to use. It is applicable to different water bodies and can accurately evaluate the coverage and biomass of submerged vegetation. By designing a hollow extension rod 3, the sampling process can reduce the weight of the sampling rake, thereby reducing labor loss. The sampling rake is designed with two groups of rake teeth 5, and the rake teeth 5 can be flexibly configured according to the actual monitoring of the lushness of submerged vegetation in the sampling water body.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 2Preferably, when collecting relatively sparse submerged vegetation, the rake teeth 5 include first coarse rake teeth 51, first through holes 52 and second rake surfaces 53, the first coarse rake teeth 51 are provided in plurality, the cross section of the first coarse rake teeth 51 is serrated, the vertical outer cross section of the first coarse rake teeth 51 is wavy or serrated, and rake holes are formed between the plurality of first coarse rake teeth 51. The number of the first through holes 52 is two and they are located at both ends of the second rake surface 53. The first through holes 52 are used to connect the rake teeth 5 and the first rake surface 42. The screw is passed through the first through holes 52 to connect the sampler 4 to the rake teeth 5. A plurality of serrated first coarse rake teeth 51 are provided, and the rake holes between the first coarse rake teeth 51 form a plurality of rake sample belts at the bottom of the water. The coverage of the submerged vegetation is determined by calculating the proportion of the rake sample belts in which submerged vegetation is collected to the total rake sample belts, and the submerged vegetation biomass per unit area is determined by the ratio of the submerged vegetation biomass in the rake sample belts in which submerged vegetation is collected to the total rake sample belt area. At the same time, the vertical outer cross-section of each of the first coarse rake teeth 51 is set to be wavy or serrated to increase friction, prevent the collected submerged vegetation from floating up and dispersing, and facilitate pulling the submerged vegetation out of the water. When collecting, the sampling rake 100 is opened to the maximum opening angle through the limiting nut of the sampler 4, and enters the water perpendicularly to the water surface. The sampling rake 100 is combined to collect underwater submerged vegetation out of the water surface.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 3 , Preferably, when collecting relatively dense submerged vegetation, the rake teeth 5 include second coarse rake teeth 54, micro rake teeth 55, second through holes 56 and third rake surface 57, the second coarse rake teeth 54 and the micro rake teeth 55 are both provided in plurality, the second coarse rake teeth 54 are long strips, rake holes are formed between the plurality of second coarse rake teeth 54, the micro rake teeth 55 are provided between the rake holes, two second through holes 56 are provided, which are located at both ends of the third rake surface 57, the second through holes 56 are used to connect the rake teeth 5 with the first rake surface 42, and the screws are passed through the second through holes 56 to connect the sampler 4 with the rake teeth 5, and by arranging the micro rake teeth 55 between the second coarse rake teeth 54, the friction force can be increased to prevent the collected submerged vegetation from floating up and dispersing, and by the mutual cooperation of the second coarse rake teeth 54 and the micro rake teeth 55, all the submerged vegetation in the rake sample zone can be collected above the water surface.

[0046] See also Figure 1 In order to adapt to different water depths, a plurality of connection holes 411 are provided in the middle portion of the rake rod (41). The connection holes 411 are used to cross-connect two of the rake rods with steel cables, ropes or screws and nuts. In this way, different connection holes 411 can be selected according to different water depths during sampling to facilitate control of the opening angle.

[0047] Further, see Figure 1The middle parts of the two rake rods (41) are cross-connected by screws, and the opening angle is limited by a limit nut. The maximum angle between the two rake rods 41 is 120 degrees, and the opening angle is further adjusted through the connecting hole 411. The opening angle is limited by the limit nut and adjusted in conjunction with different connecting holes 411. This makes sampling operation convenient on the one hand and can fully collect submerged vegetation samples on the other hand.

[0048] Preferably, please refer to Figure 1 The handle 1 is sleeved onto the upper end of the sampling rod 2. The handle 1 is made of rubber or silicone, and is elastic and non-slip. The inner diameter of the handle 1 is 1.0-3.5 cm, and the thickness is 0.3-0.5 cm. The outer diameter of the sampling rod 2 is 1.0-3.5 cm, and the length is 0.5-1.2 m. The inner diameter of the handle 1 is equal to the outer diameter of the sampling rod 2, making it easy to sleeve onto the handle and not easy to slip. The handle 1 can increase the friction of the sampling rod 2. The hollow hole design of the sampling rod can reduce the weight pressure of the sampling tool, increase buoyancy, and prevent the sampling rake 100 from falling into the water during the sampling process.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 1 Furthermore, the sampling rod 2 and the extension rod 3 are connected by threads, the outer diameter of the sampling rod 2 is 1.0-3.5 cm, the outer diameter of the extension rod 3 is 1.0-3.5 cm, the upper end of the sampling rod 2 is an external thread with a diameter of 1.0-3.5 cm, and the lower end is an internal thread with a diameter of 0.8-3.3 cm. The upper end of the extension rod 3 is provided with an external thread that matches the internal thread of the lower end of the sampling rod 2, and the diameter of the internal thread of the extension rod 3 is 0.8-3.3 cm. The diameter of the lower end of the sampling rod 2 is equal to that of the upper end of the extension rod 3 to facilitate threaded connection.

[0050] Preferably, please refer to Figure 1 The rake rod 41 is connected to the extension rod 3 by a thread. The length of the rake rod 41 is 0.3-1.5m. The upper end of the rake rod 41 is an external thread with an outer diameter of 0.8-3.3cm. The lower end of the extension rod 3 is provided with an internal thread matching the upper end external thread of the rake rod 41. The diameter of the internal thread is 0.8-3.3cm. The diameter of the lower end of the extension rod 3 is equal to that of the upper end of the rake rod 41 to facilitate threaded connection.

[0051] For further information, please refer to Figure 1 The sampling rod 2 and the extension rod 3 are both provided with hollow holes in the middle, which can reduce the weight of the sampling rake 100, increase buoyancy, make the sampling process less labor-intensive, and more flexible to use. Preferably, the rake rod 41 is a hollow rod to further reduce weight and facilitate operation.

[0052] Preferably, please refer to Figure 2 Figure 3 , both the first coarse rake teeth 51 and the second coarse rake teeth 54 are multiple, and the multiple first coarse rake teeth 51 or second coarse rake teeth 54 form 10 or not limited to 10 rake holes. When using the sampling rake to sample and monitor submerged vegetation, 10 sampling strips can be formed after 10 times of sampling. According to the specific proportion of submerged vegetation collected in the 100 rake strips and the biomass per unit area, the accurate submerged vegetation coverage and biomass per unit area of ​​the sampling point in the sampling plot can be obtained. After the submerged vegetation coverage and biomass of all points are sorted out and the spatial interpolation method is used, the submerged vegetation coverage and biomass of the entire lake can be obtained. The two sets of the first coarse rake teeth 51 or the second coarse rake teeth 54 can be interlocked with each other, and there is a gap of 0.5-5.0 cm in each tooth.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sampling rake for assessing submerged vegetation coverage and biomass, characterized in that: include: Handles (1), there are two handles (1), and the outer surface of each handle (1) is provided with anti-slip grooves; Sampling rods (2), there are two sampling rods (2), and the upper end of each sampling rod (2) is detachably connected to the handle (1); Extension rods (3), there are two extension rods (3), the upper end of each extension rod (3) is detachably connected to the lower end of the sampling rod (2); and, A sampler (4), wherein there are two samplers (4), each of the samplers (4) comprises a rake rod (41) and a first rake surface (42), the upper end of the rake rod (41) is detachably connected to the lower end of the extension rod (3), and the middle parts of the two rake rods (41) are cross-connected; and, The rake teeth (5) are divided into two groups, each group of the rake teeth (5) is divided into two sets, each set of the rake teeth (5) is detachably connected to the first rake surface (42), and one of the groups is installed according to the sparseness of the vegetation.

2. The sampling rake for assessing submerged vegetation coverage and biomass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rake teeth (5) include first coarse rake teeth (51), first through holes (52) and second rake surfaces (53). The first coarse rake teeth (51) are provided in plurality, the cross section of the first coarse rake teeth (51) is sawtooth-shaped, the vertical outer cross section of the first coarse rake teeth (51) is wavy or sawtooth-shaped, and rake holes are formed between the plurality of the first coarse rake teeth (51).

3. The sampling rake for assessing submerged vegetation coverage and biomass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rake teeth (5) include second coarse rake teeth (54), micro rake teeth (55), second through holes (56) and third rake surfaces (57). The second coarse rake teeth (54) and the micro rake teeth (55) are both provided in a plurality. The second coarse rake teeth (54) are in a strip shape. Rake holes are formed between the plurality of second coarse rake teeth (54). The micro rake teeth (55) are provided between the rake holes.

4. The sampling rake for assessing submerged vegetation coverage and biomass according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of connection holes (411) are provided in the middle portion of the rake rod (41).

5. The sampling rake for assessing submerged vegetation coverage and biomass according to claim 4, characterized in that: The middle parts of the two rake rods (41) are cross-connected by screws, and the opening angle is limited by a limit nut. The maximum opening angle between the two rake rods (41) is 120 degrees, and the opening angle can be further adjusted through the connecting hole (411).

6. The sampling rake for assessing submerged vegetation coverage and biomass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The handle (1) is sleeved on the upper end of the sampling rod (2).

7. The sampling rake for assessing submerged vegetation coverage and biomass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling rod (2) is connected to the extension rod (3) via a threaded connection; and / or, The rake rod (41) is connected to the extension rod (3) via threads.

8. The sampling rake for assessing submerged vegetation coverage and biomass according to claim 1, wherein: The handle (1) has an inner diameter of 1.0-3.5 cm and a thickness of 0.3-0.5 cm; and / or, The extension rod (3) has an outer diameter of 1.0-3.5 cm and a length of 0.5-1.2 m; and / or, The sampling rod (2) has an outer diameter of 1.0-3.5 cm and a length of 0.5-1.2 m.

9. The sampling rake for assessing submerged vegetation coverage and biomass according to claim 1, wherein: The middle of the extension rod (3) and the sampling rod (2) are both provided with hollow holes.

10. The sampling rake for assessing submerged vegetation coverage and biomass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rake rod (41) is a hollow rod, and the length of the rake rod (41) is 0.3-1.5m.

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