Expansion exhaust device, battery module and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of batteries, and discloses an expansion exhaust device, a battery module and a battery pack, the expansion exhaust device comprises an exhaust part and an expansion support structure; the exhaust part is arranged on one side of the expansion supporting structure, the exhaust part corresponds to the expansion supporting structure, the exhaust part is used for exhausting gas generated by thermal runaway of the battery cell main body, and the expansion supporting structure is used for absorbing acting force generated by expansion deformation of the battery cell main body. According to the utility model, by integrating expansion deformation and exhaust functions, the space required in the battery module is reduced, and more space can be used for arranging battery cells, so that the energy density of the battery module is improved, the number of components and the requirements of different mounting spaces are reduced, the manufacturing process of the battery module is simplified, and the material and production cost is reduced; and the design and the maintenance work are easier.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to an expansion and exhaust device, a battery module and a battery pack. Background Art

[0002] Existing battery modules are provided with an expansion deformation device for absorbing the expansion deformation force when the battery cells expand during charging and discharging, and an exhaust device for directional exhaust when the battery cells diffuse heat. However, the expansion deformation device and the exhaust device are respectively arranged at different positions of the battery module, so that different installation spaces need to be designed when installing the expansion deformation device and the exhaust device in the battery module, thereby increasing the overall design complexity of the battery module. In addition, the devices at different positions require specific materials and manufacturing processes, resulting in an increase in the manufacturing cost of the battery module. In addition, the expansion device and the exhaust device occupy more space in the battery module, greatly reducing the space available for the battery cells, and reducing the space utilization efficiency of the battery module and the energy density of the battery module. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main purpose of the present utility model is to provide an expansion and exhaust device, a battery module and a battery pack, aiming to solve the technical problems that the expansion and deformation device and the exhaust device in the battery module are respectively arranged at different positions of the battery module, resulting in low space utilization efficiency of the battery module, low energy density of the battery module and high manufacturing cost.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the utility model, the utility model provides an expansion and exhaust device, including an exhaust portion and an expansion support structure;

[0005] The exhaust portion is arranged on one side of the expansion support structure, and the exhaust portion corresponds to the expansion support structure. The exhaust portion is used to discharge the gas generated by thermal runaway of the battery cell body, and the expansion support structure is used to absorb the force generated by the expansion and deformation of the battery cell body.

[0006] Furthermore, the expansion support structure includes an expansion deformation portion and a tab support portion, the tab support portion is located at an end of the expansion deformation portion, and a gap is formed between the expansion deformation portion and the tab support portion.

[0007] Furthermore, a first connecting rib is provided in the tab support portion, and a support cavity is formed in the tab support portion through the first connecting rib.

[0008] Furthermore, a plurality of deformation ribs are provided in the expansion deformation portion, and a plurality of buffer chambers are formed in the expansion deformation portion through the deformation ribs.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of second connecting ribs are provided in the exhaust portion, and a plurality of exhaust channels are formed in the exhaust portion through the second connecting ribs.

[0010] Furthermore, the deformation ribs include first deformation ribs and second deformation ribs corresponding to the first deformation ribs, and the second deformation ribs and the second connecting ribs are arranged opposite to each other or staggered.

[0011] Furthermore, the curvature of the deformed rib gradually decreases from the exhaust portion to an end away from the exhaust portion.

[0012] Furthermore, the expansion and exhaust device further includes an insulating member, which is arranged on a side of the expansion support structure away from the exhaust portion.

[0013] The present invention also provides a battery module, comprising the expansion and exhaust device according to any one of the above embodiments, and further comprising a housing assembly, and a battery cell stack formed by stacking a plurality of battery cell assemblies;

[0014] The housing assembly is provided with a housing chamber, the battery cell stack and the expansion and exhaust device are respectively provided in the housing chamber, and the battery cell assembly and the expansion and exhaust device are arranged correspondingly.

[0015] Furthermore, the housing assembly includes an end plate, which is arranged on one side of the battery cell stack, and the expansion and exhaust device is arranged between the battery cell stack and the end plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the expansion and exhaust device is arranged between at least one group of adjacent battery cell assemblies in the battery cell stack.

[0017] Furthermore, the housing assembly further includes a side plate, which is disposed on the other side of the battery cell stack, is arranged adjacent to the end plate, and is connected to the expansion and exhaust device.

[0018] Furthermore, the battery cell assembly includes a battery cell body, aluminum fins and a thermal insulation pad, and the aluminum fins and the thermal insulation pad are arranged opposite to each other on the large surface of the battery cell body.

[0019] Furthermore, the battery module further includes a sensor, and the sensor is arranged on the expansion and exhaust device.

[0020] The present invention also provides a battery pack, comprising the battery module described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0021] Beneficial effects:

[0022] The utility model provides an expansion and exhaust device, comprising an exhaust portion and an expansion support structure; the exhaust portion is arranged on one side of the expansion support structure, and the exhaust portion corresponds to the expansion support structure, the exhaust portion is used to discharge the gas generated by thermal runaway of the battery cell body, and the expansion support structure is used to absorb the force generated by the expansion and deformation of the battery cell body. By integrating the expansion deformation and exhaust functions into one device, the space required in the battery module is reduced, so that more space can be used to arrange the battery cell components, thereby improving the energy density of the battery module, and at the same time reducing the number of components and the demand for different installation spaces, which can simplify the manufacturing process of the battery module, reduce material and production costs, and also simplify the structure of the battery module, making design and maintenance work easier, and facilitating modular design and expansion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an expansion and exhaust device and a battery core assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of an expansion and exhaust device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 For an embodiment of the present utility model Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point A.

[0027] in:

[0028] 1. Shell assembly; 2. Battery cell assembly; 3. Expansion exhaust device; 4. Battery cell stack;

[0029] 10. Side panels; 11. End panels;

[0030] 20. Battery cell body; 21. Aluminum fins; 22. Thermal insulation pad;

[0031] 30. Exhaust unit; 31. Expansion support structure; 32. Insulation member; 33. Sensor;

[0032] 310, expansion deformation portion; 311, tab support portion; 312, notch; 313, first connecting rib; 314, support cavity; 315, deformation rib; 316, buffer chamber; 317, second connecting rib; 318, exhaust channel;

[0033] 3150, first deformation rib; 3151, second deformation rib.

[0034] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like, indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the said features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0037] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to mechanical connections, direct connections, or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; they may refer to internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0038] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0039] Reference Figure 1-Figure 2 , this embodiment provides an expansion and exhaust device 3, comprising an exhaust portion 30 and an expansion support structure 31;

[0040] The exhaust portion 30 is arranged on one side of the expansion support structure 31, and the exhaust portion 30 corresponds to the expansion support structure 31. The exhaust portion 30 is used to discharge the gas generated by thermal runaway of the battery cell body, and the expansion support structure 31 is used to absorb the force generated by the expansion and deformation of the battery cell body.

[0041] In the above embodiment, the expansion exhaust device 3 can be applied not only to conventional battery modules, but also to solid-state battery modules with solid electrolytes. The expansion exhaust device 3 includes an exhaust portion 30 and an expansion support structure 31. The exhaust portion 30 is connected to the expansion support structure 31. The exhaust portion 30 is arranged on one side of the expansion support structure 31. The exhaust portion 30 is used to discharge the gas generated by thermal runaway of the battery cell body. The expansion support structure 31 is used to absorb the force generated by the large-surface expansion and deformation of the battery cell body, so that the exhaust portion 30 is arranged corresponding to the expansion support structure 31. At the same time, the material of the expansion exhaust device 3 includes but is not limited to metal materials such as aluminum, copper, and stainless steel, and the exhaust portion 30 and the expansion support device are consistent in the height direction, and the exhaust portion 30 and the expansion support device are also consistent in the length direction, so that the exhaust The gas portion 30 and the expansion support structure 31 are an integrated part, that is, the side of the exhaust portion 30 close to the expansion support device and the side of the expansion support device close to the exhaust portion 30 are on the same side. The integrated design of the exhaust portion 30 and the expansion support device makes the expansion exhaust device 3 more compact, reduces space occupancy, and improves the space utilization of the battery module. Therefore, by integrating the expansion deformation and exhaust functions on the expansion exhaust device 3, the space required in the battery module is reduced, so that more space can be used for arranging battery cells, thereby improving the energy density of the battery module. At the same time, the number of components and the demand for different installation spaces are reduced, which can simplify the manufacturing process of the battery module, reduce material and production costs, and simplify the structure of the battery module, making design and maintenance work easier, and facilitating modular design and expansion.

[0042] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 In one embodiment, the expansion support structure 31 includes an expansion deformation portion 310 and a tab support portion 311 , the tab support portion 311 is located at the end of the expansion deformation portion 310 , and a gap 312 is formed between the expansion deformation portion 310 and the tab support portion 311 .

[0043] In the above embodiment, the expansion support structure 31 includes an expansion deformation portion 310 and a tab support portion 311 connected to the expansion deformation portion 310, wherein the tab support portion 311 is located at both ends of the expansion deformation portion 310, and the two tab support portions 311 located at both ends of the expansion deformation portion 310 are arranged symmetrically with each other, and the expansion deformation portion 310 is located at the center of the expansion support structure 31, and is used to directly absorb the force generated by the volume expansion of the battery cell assembly 2 during the charging and discharging process. In addition, on the side of the entire expansion support structure 31 away from the exhaust portion 30, that is, when there are two expansion exhaust devices 3, a broken notch 312 of a specified length is formed between the connection between the expansion deformation portion 310 and the tab support portion 311 on the side of the entire expansion exhaust device 3 close to the large surface of the battery cell assembly 2, wherein the distance between the notch 312 and the top of the tab support portion 311 is preferably 15mm-25mm. Since the expansion of the solid electrolyte battery cell assembly 2 will occur at the large surface of the battery cell assembly 2, and the expansion ratio of the solid electrolyte battery cell assembly 2 is relatively high, the expansion deformation of the expansion exhaust device 3 During the charge and discharge process of the solid-state battery, the expansion deformation portion 310 can absorb the expansion of the solid-state battery through the compression deformation of the expansion deformation portion 310, and since the expansion deformation portion 310 is disconnected from the pole ear support portions 311 at both ends, the module eliminates the upper cover and the bottom plate of the module, and a liquid cooling plate is arranged above or below the module, and heat is dissipated by applying glue between the aluminum fins 21 and the liquid cooling plate. Therefore, the reason for the design of the notch 312 is that the large-surface expansion of the battery cell assembly 2 will correspondingly cause the thermal conductive glue between the battery cell assembly 2 and the liquid cooling plate to be damaged due to movement, thereby affecting the heat dissipation effect. This is to ensure that the large surface of the battery cell assembly 2 expands and displaces, while there is no relative displacement between the aluminum fins 21 on the side of the battery cell and the liquid cooling plate, so as not to damage the thermal conductive glue. Therefore, no force is applied to the tab support portion 311 during the compression and rebound process, allowing the expansion deformation portion 310 to have a larger deformation space when the battery cell expands, and the force will not be transferred to the tab support portion 311. This can effectively prevent the tab support portion 311 from squeezing the battery cell assembly 2 due to deformation, thereby protecting the battery cell assembly 2 from extrusion damage and improving the safety of the battery cell assembly 2.

[0044] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 In one embodiment, a first connecting rib 313 is provided in the tab support portion 311 , and a support cavity 314 is formed in the tab support portion 311 through the first connecting rib 313 .

[0045] In the above embodiment, a first connecting rib 313 is provided in the tab support portion 311, wherein each of the two tab support portions 311 is preferably provided with a straight first connecting rib 313, and the two ends of the first connecting rib 313 are respectively connected to the inner walls of the two sides of the tab support portion 311, and the first connecting rib 313 is preferably provided in the middle position of the entire tab support portion 311, so that the distance from the first connecting rib 313 to the top of the tab support portion 311 is equal to the distance from the first connecting rib 313 to the top of the tab support portion 311, and at the same time, the first connecting rib 313 extends along the entire length direction of the tab support portion 311, so that a support cavity 314 is formed between the first connecting rib 313 and the top of the tab support portion 311 in the tab support portion 311, and the support cavity 314 cannot be deformed, and it is necessary to ensure that the tab support portion 31 1. The distance between the side plate 11 and the end plate 10 remains unchanged (that is, the total length of the module remains unchanged) to ensure that the tabs and thermal conductive adhesive of the battery cell body 20 are not damaged. Due to the notch 312 and a certain length of the side of the tab support part 311 between the first connecting rib 313 and the bottom of the tab support part 311, there is a certain buffer area between the first connecting rib 313 and the expansion deformation part 310. When the part of the battery cell assembly 2 close to the tab expands, part of the expansion and deformation force can be absorbed by the buffer area, and the overall rigidity and strength of the tab support part 311 are improved by the first connecting rib 313, thereby providing more stable support when the battery cell assembly 2 expands, and helping to distribute force more evenly in the tab support part 311, reducing local pressure concentration on the tab support part 311 when the battery cell assembly 2 expands.

[0046] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 In one embodiment, a plurality of deformation ribs 315 are provided in the expansion deformation portion 310 , and a plurality of buffer chambers 316 are formed in the expansion deformation portion 310 through the deformation ribs 315 .

[0047] In the above embodiment, a deformation rib 315 is provided in the expansion deformation portion 310, wherein there are multiple deformation ribs 315, and the multiple deformation ribs 315 are arranged at intervals in the expansion deformation portion 310. At the same time, the deformation ribs 315 extend along the length direction of the expansion deformation portion 310, so that a buffer chamber 316 is formed between adjacent deformation ribs 315 in the expansion deformation portion 310, that is, there are multiple buffer chambers 316 formed between the multiple deformation ribs 315. The buffer chambers 316 provide additional space when the battery cell assembly 2 expands, allowing the deformation ribs 315 to undergo a certain degree of deformation without affecting the performance of the battery cell assembly 2. The thickness of the buffer chamber 316 is calculated as: the number of battery cells * the pre-expansion size of each battery cell. The thickness of the buffer chamber 316 increases with the increase in the number of battery cell assemblies 2. In addition, the cross-section of the deformation rib 315 is preferably a continuous periodic curve, and the curve is composed of multiple arcs with different curvatures. This curve helps to more evenly disperse the force generated when the battery cell assembly 2 expands, reduce local stress concentration, and thus reduce the risk of material fatigue and structural damage. At the same time, the continuous curve design enables the deformation rib 315 to flexibly adapt to different deformation conditions when the battery cell assembly 2 expands, providing a more effective buffering effect.

[0048] Furthermore, the curvature of the arc in the curve preferably decreases gradually from the exhaust portion 30 to the end away from the exhaust portion 30, that is, the closer the arc in the deformation rib 315 is to the large surface of the battery cell assembly 2, the smaller the curvature. By designing the curvature of the deformation rib 315 to gradually decrease, the expansion force generated by the battery cell assembly 2 during the charging and discharging process can be more effectively absorbed. The deformation rib 315 close to the large surface of the battery cell assembly 2 has a smaller curvature, which can provide a larger deformation space, thereby better adapting to the expansion of the battery cell assembly 2 and improving the safety of the battery cell assembly 2.

[0049] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 In one embodiment, a plurality of second connecting ribs 317 are provided in the exhaust portion 30 , and a plurality of exhaust channels 318 are formed in the exhaust portion 30 through the second connecting ribs 317 .

[0050] In the above embodiment, a second connecting rib 317 is provided in the exhaust portion 30, wherein there are multiple second connecting ribs 317, and the multiple second connecting ribs 317 are arranged at intervals in the exhaust portion 30, and the second connecting ribs 317 extend along the length direction of the exhaust portion 30, so that an exhaust channel 318 is formed between adjacent second connecting ribs 317 in the exhaust portion 30, that is, there are multiple exhaust channels 318 formed between the multiple second connecting ribs 317, and the multiple exhaust channels 318 can increase the gas discharge path, thereby improving the exhaust efficiency of the battery in thermal runaway or other abnormal conditions, reducing internal pressure accumulation, reducing safety risks, and at the same time helping to dissipate heat inside the battery, especially when the battery cell assembly 2 generates a large amount of heat, it can be quickly discharged through the exhaust channel 318, which is helpful for thermal management of the battery module; in addition, the buffer chamber The thickness of 316 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the support cavity 314, and the thickness of the exhaust channel 318 is less than or equal to the thickness of the buffer chamber 316 and / or the support cavity 314. The thicker design of the buffer chamber 316 can provide a larger space to accommodate the expansion of the battery cell assembly 2 during the charging and discharging process, reduce the pressure on the battery cell assembly 2, and thus reduce the risk of damage to the battery cell assembly 2. The thickness of the support cavity 314 is equal to or smaller than that of the buffer chamber 316, which can ensure that the support structure does not excessively restrict the natural expansion of the battery cell assembly 2 while providing sufficient support force, thereby maintaining the structural integrity of the battery cell assembly 2. In addition, the appropriate thickness of the buffer chamber 316 and the exhaust channel 318 can reduce the mechanical stress of the battery cell assembly 2 during the charging and discharging process, which helps to maintain the electrical performance of the battery cell assembly 2 and extend the service life of the battery.

[0051] Furthermore, the deformation rib 315 includes a first deformation rib 3150 and a second deformation rib 3151, wherein the first deformation rib 3150 and the second deformation rib 3151 are arranged correspondingly, and the first deformation rib 3150 and the second deformation rib 3151 are of the same size. There are two first deformation ribs 3150, so that the two first deformation ribs 3150 are respectively located at the ends of the expansion deformation portion 310, that is, the two ends of the first deformation rib 3150 are connected to the inner walls on both sides of the expansion deformation portion 310, and one end of the first deformation rib 3150 is connected near the notch 312. There are multiple second deformation ribs 3151, and the distances between adjacent second deformation ribs 3151 are the same. In addition, the second deformation rib 3151 and the second connecting rib 317 are in a relative arrangement state, that is, the first The centers of the second deforming rib 3151 and the second connecting rib 317 are located on the same plane, which can more effectively disperse the stress generated by the expansion of the battery cell assembly 2, reduce local stress concentration, and thus reduce the risk of damage to the battery cell assembly 2, or the second deforming rib 3151 and the second connecting rib 317 are in a staggered arrangement, that is, the center plane of the second deforming rib 3151 and the center plane of the second connecting rib 317 are parallel to each other, which can provide additional support and enhance the structural stability of the entire expansion and exhaust device 3, so that it remains stable when the battery cell assembly 2 expands or contracts. The reasonable arrangement of the second deforming rib 3151 and the second connecting rib 317 can improve the structural strength of the expansion and exhaust device 3, so that the expansion and exhaust device 3 can better withstand the expansion of the battery cell assembly 2 and other mechanical stresses.

[0052] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 In one embodiment, the expansion and exhaust device 3 further includes an insulating member 32 , and the insulating member 32 is disposed on a side of the expansion support structure 31 away from the exhaust portion 30 .

[0053] In the above embodiment, the expansion and exhaust device 3 also includes an insulating member 32, which is arranged on the side of the expansion support structure 31 away from the exhaust portion 30, that is, the insulating member 32 is adhered to the side of the expansion and exhaust device 3 close to the large surface of the battery cell assembly 2, and the height of the insulating member 32 is the same as the height of the expansion support structure 31, and the length of the insulating member 32 is less than or equal to the length of the expansion support structure 31. The insulating member 32 can be made of a variety of materials, such as high-performance engineering plastics or special composite materials, to ensure good insulation and mechanical strength. The insulating member 32 can effectively prevent arcing and electrical short circuits, improve the safety of the battery module, and increase the electrical distance through the insulating member 32, which helps to meet higher standards of insulation requirements and reduce the risk of electrical failures.

[0054] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 This embodiment provides a battery module, comprising the expansion and exhaust device 3 described in any of the above embodiments, and further comprising a housing assembly 1, and a battery cell stack 4 formed by stacking a plurality of battery cell assemblies 2;

[0055] The housing assembly 1 is provided with a housing chamber, the battery cell stack 4 and the expansion and exhaust device 3 are respectively provided in the housing chamber, and the battery cell assembly 2 and the expansion and exhaust device 3 are arranged correspondingly.

[0056] In the above embodiment, the battery module includes an expansion and exhaust device 3, and also includes a shell component 1 and a cell stack 4, wherein the cell stack 4 is formed by stacking multiple cell components 2, and a accommodating chamber is formed in the shell component 1, so that the cell stack 4 is installed in the accommodating chamber of the shell component 1, and the expansion and exhaust device 3 is also installed in the accommodating chamber, and the cell components 2 in the cell stack 4 and the expansion and exhaust device 3 are arranged correspondingly when they are in the accommodating chamber, so that the expansion and exhaust device 3 can be used to absorb the force generated by the expansion and deformation of the cell components 2 during charging and discharging, so as to reduce the problems of the life of the cell components 2 being shortened or the cell components 2 being damaged due to excessive extrusion pressure, and at the same time, when the cell component 2 has thermal runaway and dissipates a large amount of heat and gas in the pole ear, the expansion and exhaust device 3 can also be used to discharge the gas generated by the thermal runaway of the cell component 2, thereby effectively improving the space utilization efficiency of the entire battery module and improving the energy density of the battery module.

[0057] Furthermore, the battery module also includes a sensor 33, which is arranged on the expansion support structure 31 and the exhaust portion 30 of the expansion and exhaust device 3, and the sensor 33 passes through the expansion support structure 31 and the exhaust portion 30 respectively. At the same time, the sensor 33 is located in the middle position between the expansion support structure 31 and the exhaust portion 30. The sensor 33 can be used to determine in real time the magnitude of the expansion force exerted on the solid electrolyte battery cell assembly 2 during charging and discharging, as well as the temperature and time when thermal diffusion occurs. The magnitude of the expansion force can be used to infer the life of the entire battery module, thereby making the battery module safer and more reliable. In addition, when the battery module experiences thermal runaway and produces a large amount of gas, the gas flows through the exhaust channel 318 through directional exhaust, allowing the sensor 33 to detect the gas in the exhaust channel 318. For example, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the gas can be detected, and the severity of the thermal runaway and the possible fire risk can be assessed. That is, the sensor 33 is a temperature-gas-pressure sensor 33. Through real-time monitoring by the sensor 33, timely measures can be taken when an abnormality occurs in the battery, such as cutting off the power supply, starting the cooling system, or performing emergency exhaust, thereby improving the safety of the battery module.

[0058] Reference Figure 1-Figure 2 In one embodiment, the housing assembly 1 includes an end plate 11, which is disposed on one side of the battery cell stack 4, and the expansion and exhaust device 3 is disposed between the battery cell stack 4 and the end plate 11.

[0059] In the above embodiment, the housing assembly 1 includes an end plate 11, and the end plate 11 is arranged on one side of the battery cell stack 4, wherein the end plates 11 are two, and the two end plates 11 are arranged on one side of the large surface of the battery cell assembly 2, and the end surface of the end plate 11 is parallel to the large surface of the battery cell assembly 2. The two end plates 11 are divided into a front end plate 11 and a rear end plate 11. When there are two expansion and exhaust devices 3, the two expansion and exhaust devices 3 are respectively located at both ends of the large surface of the entire battery cell stack 4, and one expansion and exhaust device 3 is located between the front end plate 11 and the battery cell stack 4, and the other expansion and exhaust device 3 is located at the rear Between the end plate 11 and the battery cell stack 4, that is, the expansion and exhaust device 3 is attached between the large surface of the battery cell assembly 2 and the end plate 11. Therefore, the two expansion and exhaust devices 3 are concentratedly arranged at both ends of the battery cell stack 4, which can reduce the complexity inside the battery module, so that the middle area of ​​the battery cell stack 4 can be more fully used to arrange the battery cells, thereby improving space utilization. At the same time, by reducing the number and distribution of the expansion and exhaust devices 3, the internal structure of the battery module can be simplified, and unnecessary occupation of space can be reduced, so that more space can be used to arrange the battery cells, thereby increasing the energy density of the battery module.

[0060] Furthermore, when there are multiple expansion and exhaust devices 3, the expansion and exhaust devices 3 are arranged in the battery stack 4 at specified intervals, so that the expansion and exhaust devices 3 are fitted between the adjacent battery cell assemblies 2 in the battery stack 4. The fitting design between the expansion and exhaust device 3 and the battery cell assembly 2 can more effectively absorb the force generated by the volume change of the battery cell assembly 2 during the charging and discharging process, reduce damage to the battery cell structure, and thus extend the service life of the battery. In addition, arranging the expansion and exhaust devices 3 at intervals in the battery stack 4 helps to more evenly distribute the pressure between the battery cells, avoiding local battery cells from being damaged due to excessive pressure. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell, multiple expansion and exhaust devices 3 can respond quickly and discharge gas from multiple directions, reducing the risk and impact of thermal runaway.

[0061] Reference Figure 1-Figure 2 In one embodiment, the housing assembly 1 further includes a side plate 10 , which is disposed on the other side of the battery cell stack 4 , and is adjacent to the end plate 11 , and is connected to the expansion and exhaust device 3 .

[0062] In the above embodiments, the housing assembly 1 further includes side plates 10. There are two side plates 10, which are arranged on the other side of the battery cell stack 4. The side plates 10 and the end plates 11 are arranged perpendicular to each other, so as to form an accommodation chamber for accommodating the battery cell assembly 2 and the expansion exhaust device 3 by enclosing with the two side plates 10 and the two end plates 11. The side plates 10 are arranged at the end of the battery cell assembly 2 where the electrode tabs are located, that is, the side plates 10 are arranged along the stacking direction of the battery cell stack 4. In addition, the side plates 10 are connected to the expansion exhaust device 3, so that the cavity inside the side plates 10 is in communication with the exhaust passage 318 inside the expansion exhaust device 3, ensuring that when a large amount of gas is generated due to thermal runaway in the battery module, the gas discharged from the electrode tabs of the battery cell assembly 2 can flow through the cavity of the side plates to the exhaust passage 318, effectively improving the detection accuracy of the sensor 33 and enhancing the safety of the battery module.

[0063] Referring to Figure 1-Figure 2 , in one embodiment, the battery cell assembly 2 includes a battery cell body 20, aluminum fins 21 and a heat insulation pad 22. The aluminum fins 21 and the heat insulation pad 22 are oppositely arranged on the large surfaces of the battery cell body 20.

[0064] In the above embodiments, the battery cell assembly 2 includes a battery cell body 20, aluminum fins 21 and a heat insulation pad 22. Among them, the aluminum fins 21 are arranged on one large surface of the battery cell body 20, and the heat insulation pad 22 is arranged on the other large surface of the battery cell body 20, so that the aluminum fins 21 and the heat insulation pad 22 are oppositely arranged on the large surfaces of the battery cell body 20. When there are two expansion exhaust devices 3, the aluminum fins 21 are arranged on the side of the battery cell body 20 close to the expansion exhaust device 3, so that the aluminum fins 21 are located between the battery cell body 20 and the expansion exhaust device 3, and the heat insulation pad 22 is arranged on the side of the battery cell body 20 far from the expansion exhaust device 3, so that the heat insulation pad 22 is located between adjacent battery cell assemblies 2. In addition, the aluminum fins 21 are preferably in a U shape, so that bending parts are formed on both sides of the aluminum fins 21 in the length direction, and an installation avoidance notch 312 is formed in the middle of the top bending part. The length and width of the heat insulation pad 22 are the same as the length and width of the battery cell body 20. The aluminum fins 21 are arranged on one large surface of the battery cell body 20, which can increase the heat dissipation area and improve the heat exchange efficiency, helping the heat generated during the charge and discharge process of the battery cell body 20 to be quickly dissipated, thereby reducing the battery cell temperature and improving the thermal management performance of the battery module. The heat insulation pad 22 is arranged on the other large surface of the battery cell body 20 and is located between adjacent battery cell bodies 2, which can effectively isolate the heat transfer between the battery cell bodies 20, prevent the spread of heat during thermal runaway, and improve the safety of the battery module.

[0065] This embodiment provides a battery pack, including the battery module described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0066] In the above embodiments, the battery pack includes a battery module, which enables the battery pack to fully utilize the advantages of the battery module to provide an energy storage solution with high energy density, high safety and long life, which is suitable for electric vehicles, energy storage systems and other applications requiring high power and high energy density.

[0067] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An expansion and exhaust device, characterized in that: including an exhaust portion and an expansion support structure; The exhaust portion is arranged on one side of the expansion support structure, and the exhaust portion corresponds to the expansion support structure. The exhaust portion is used to discharge the gas generated by thermal runaway of the battery cell body, and the expansion support structure is used to absorb the force generated by the expansion and deformation of the battery cell body.

2. The expansion and exhaust device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion support structure includes an expansion deformation portion and a tab support portion. The tab support portion is located at an end of the expansion deformation portion, and a gap is formed between the expansion deformation portion and the tab support portion.

3. The expansion and exhaust device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first connecting rib is provided in the tab support portion, and a support cavity is formed in the tab support portion through the first connecting rib.

4. The expansion and exhaust device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of deformation ribs are provided in the expansion deformation portion, and a plurality of buffer chambers are formed in the expansion deformation portion through the deformation ribs.

5. The expansion and exhaust device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of second connecting ribs are provided in the exhaust portion, and a plurality of exhaust channels are formed in the exhaust portion through the second connecting ribs.

6. The expansion and exhaust device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The deformation ribs include first deformation ribs and second deformation ribs corresponding to the first deformation ribs, and the second deformation ribs and the second connecting ribs are arranged opposite to each other or in an alternating manner.

7. The expansion and exhaust device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The curvature of the deformed rib gradually decreases from the exhaust portion to an end away from the exhaust portion.

8. The expansion and exhaust device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion and exhaust device further includes an insulating member, which is disposed on a side of the expansion support structure away from the exhaust portion.

9. A battery module, characterized in that: The expansion and exhaust device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 further comprises a housing assembly, and a cell stack formed by stacking a plurality of cell assemblies; The housing assembly is provided with a housing chamber, the battery cell stack and the expansion and exhaust device are respectively provided in the housing chamber, and the battery cell assembly and the expansion and exhaust device are arranged correspondingly.

10. The battery module according to claim 9, characterized in that: The housing assembly includes an end plate, which is disposed on one side of the battery cell stack, and the expansion and exhaust device is disposed between the battery cell stack and the end plate.

11. The battery module according to claim 10, characterized in that: The expansion and exhaust device is arranged between at least one group of adjacent battery cell assemblies in the battery cell stack.

12. The battery module according to any one of claims 10-11, characterized in that: The housing assembly further includes a side plate, which is disposed on the other side of the battery cell stack, is arranged adjacent to the end plate, and is in communication with the expansion and exhaust device.

13. The battery module according to claim 9, characterized in that: The battery core assembly includes a battery core body, aluminum fins and a thermal insulation pad, wherein the aluminum fins and the thermal insulation pad are arranged on a large surface of the battery core body opposite to each other.

14. The battery module according to claim 9, characterized in that: The battery module further includes a sensor, which is disposed on the expansion and exhaust device.

15. A battery pack, characterized in that: A battery module comprising any one of claims 9 to 14.

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