Charging and discharging control circuit of energy storage equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to a charging and discharging control circuit of energy storage equipment, and aims to simplify system design, reduce cost and improve control precision. According to the control circuit, the traditional BMS (battery management system) function is integrated into a unified control unit, so that the repetition of the power supply and the BMS function is avoided, and the simplification of the system is realized. The circuit comprises a battery control monitoring unit, a battery voltage monitoring unit, a battery current monitoring unit and a battery temperature monitoring unit, and can monitor electric energy parameters in real time and control the on-off state of energy storage equipment. Meanwhile, the integrated inversion or charging device and the voltage detection unit simplify the assembly configuration of a traditional system. The use of the NMOSFET-switching tube further optimizes the control of the energy storage device. According to the design, the complexity and cost of the system are effectively reduced, and the reliability and efficiency of the system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery circuits, and in particular to a charge and discharge control circuit for an energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] Existing charge and discharge management systems such as Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a power supply, a BMS (battery management system), and batteries. As an independent component, the BMS performs functions such as battery status monitoring, charge and discharge control, protection management, and external communication for power supply regulation. However, this system design presents some inherent problems. First, the power supply and BMS are separate components, each with its own independent design and functional definitions, resulting in functional duplication between the power supply and the BMS. For example, both the power supply and the BMS have voltage and current sampling features, independent protection measures for overvoltage and undervoltage, and charge and discharge overcurrent, and independent control chips. This duplication not only increases system complexity but also drives up costs.

[0003] Furthermore, during system operation, the power supply and the BMS need to communicate. This requires designing communication circuitry and software protocols between the two systems. This further increases the difficulty and cost of system design. Because the power supply and BMS are independently controlled, inconsistencies in their protection management and control strategies can occur, increasing the risk of system failure. These issues have resulted in limitations in existing charge-discharge management systems in terms of cost, reliability, and efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of this application is to provide a charge and discharge control circuit for an energy storage device to solve the problems of duplicate power supply and BMS functions, high system complexity, increased cost, and inconsistent protection management and control strategies due to independent control in existing charge and discharge management systems.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present application provides a charge and discharge control circuit for an energy storage device, characterized in that it includes: a battery control and monitoring unit, which is used to monitor at least one electric energy parameter of the energy storage device and control the circuit on / off state of the energy storage device according to the at least one electric energy parameter; a battery voltage monitoring unit, which includes multiple groups of first circuits, the multiple groups of first circuits correspond one-to-one to the battery cells in the energy storage device, and one end of each group of first circuits is connected to the two ends of the battery cells in the energy storage device, and the other end of each group of first circuits is connected to the battery control and monitoring unit, which is used to transmit the voltage parameters of the battery cells in the energy storage device to the battery control and monitoring unit; a battery current monitoring unit, which includes a group of second circuits and a second resistor, the second resistor is arranged on the negative electrode transmission circuit of the energy storage device, one end of the second circuit is connected to the two sides of the second resistor, and the other end of the second circuit is connected to the battery control and monitoring unit, which is used to transmit the current parameters of the energy storage device to the battery control and monitoring unit.

[0006] Optionally, the charge and discharge control circuit also includes: a battery temperature monitoring unit, including a third circuit, one end of the third circuit is connected to the negative electrode transmission circuit of the energy storage device, and a temperature-sensitive resistor is provided on the transmission third circuit, and the other end of the third circuit is connected to the battery control monitoring unit for transmitting the temperature data of the energy storage device to the battery control monitoring unit.

[0007] Optionally, the charge and discharge control circuit also includes: an inverter or charging device, connected to the positive transmission circuit and the negative transmission circuit of the energy storage device, used to receive the electric energy transmitted by the energy storage device, and invert and convert the electric energy for external output, as well as receive the electric energy transmitted from the outside, and rectify and convert the electric energy to charge the energy storage device; and a voltage detection unit of the inverter or charging device, including a fourth circuit and a fifth circuit, a plurality of first resistors are connected in series on the fourth circuit, and the two ends of the fourth circuit are respectively connected to the inverter or charging device, one end of the fifth circuit is connected to the third circuit, and the other end is connected to the battery control and monitoring unit, for transmitting the voltage data of the inverter or charging device to the battery control and monitoring unit.

[0008] Optionally, the charge and discharge control circuit further includes: an NMOSFET-switch tube, which is arranged in the positive electrode transmission circuit of the energy storage device and is connected to the battery control and monitoring unit, wherein the battery control and monitoring unit controls the conduction or shutdown of the energy storage device by controlling the state of the NMOSFET-switch tube.

[0009] That is, the present application provides a charge and discharge control circuit for an energy storage device, the core of which is to integrate the BMS function into the charge and discharge control circuit, thereby simplifying the system design, reducing system components, reducing costs, and improving the overall reliability and efficiency of the system.

[0010] The design of the charge and discharge control circuit includes the following main features:

[0011] First, the battery control and monitoring unit (BCMU) monitors at least one energy storage device parameter (such as voltage, current, and temperature) and controls the device's circuit on / off status based on that parameter. This design centrally controls the acquisition and processing of energy parameters, avoiding the duplication of power supply and monitoring functions found in traditional BMS systems.

[0012] Secondly, the battery voltage monitoring unit corresponds one-to-one with the battery cells in the energy storage device through multiple sets of first lines, and transmits the voltage parameters of the battery cells to the battery control monitoring unit. This method can monitor the voltage status of the battery in real time and transmit the data to the control unit to ensure the voltage control accuracy during the charging and discharging process. The battery current monitoring unit includes a set of second lines and a second resistor, which are arranged on the negative electrode transmission circuit of the energy storage device to measure and transmit current parameters. The setting of the second resistor makes the current measurement more accurate and avoids the errors that may be caused by traditional current sensors.

[0013] To further enhance control accuracy, the charge-discharge control circuit also includes a battery temperature monitoring unit. This unit monitors the energy storage device's temperature via a third circuit and a temperature-sensing rheostat, and transmits this temperature data to the battery control monitoring unit. This design effectively prevents safety issues caused by overheating or overcooling.

[0014] The charge and discharge control circuit also integrates an inverter or charger, connecting to the positive and negative transmission circuits of the energy storage device for rectifying and converting electrical energy or performing charging processing. The device is also equipped with a voltage detection unit, including fourth and fifth circuits, for measuring the voltage data of the inverter or charger and feeding it back to the battery control and monitoring unit. This integrated design eliminates the multiple separate components found in traditional systems, thereby simplifying the system architecture.

[0015] Finally, to further enhance the system's control capabilities, the charge and discharge control circuit also includes an NMOSFET switch to control the energy storage device's on / off state. The battery control and monitoring unit precisely controls the energy storage device by controlling the state of the NMOSFET switch. This design further integrates the charging switch (MOSFET) and communication interface found on traditional BMS boards, simplifying system design, reducing the number of components, lowering overall costs, and improving system stability and reliability.

[0016] In summary, the energy storage device charge and discharge control circuit provided in this application simplifies system design, improves control accuracy, and effectively reduces system cost and complexity by integrating a BMS controller and removing the charging switch (MOS) and communication interface on the traditional BMS board. This improved solution not only improves the overall system efficiency but also enhances the safety and reliability of the energy storage device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a charge and discharge control circuit diagram of an energy storage device in the prior art;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a charge and discharge control circuit diagram of an energy storage device in one embodiment of the present application.

[0019] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clear, the following further describes this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 , an embodiment of the present application provides a charge and discharge control circuit for an energy storage device, comprising:

[0022] The battery control and monitoring unit 1 is used to monitor at least one electric energy parameter of the energy storage device and control the on / off state of the circuit of the energy storage device according to the at least one electric energy parameter.

[0023] The battery voltage monitoring unit 2 includes multiple groups of first circuits, which correspond one-to-one to the battery cells in the energy storage device, and one end of each group of first circuits is connected to the two ends of the battery cells in the energy storage device, and the other end of each group of first circuits is connected to the battery control and monitoring unit, so as to transmit the voltage parameters of the battery cells in the energy storage device to the battery control and monitoring unit.

[0024] The battery current monitoring unit 3 includes a set of second circuits and a second resistor, the second resistor is arranged on the negative electrode transmission circuit of the energy storage device, one end of the second circuit is connected to the two sides of the second resistor, and the other end of the second circuit is connected to the battery control and monitoring unit, for transmitting the current parameters of the energy storage device to the battery control and monitoring unit.

[0025] Specifically, embodiments of the present application provide a charge and discharge control circuit for an energy storage device, aiming to improve system control accuracy and simplify design. This circuit primarily comprises three core units. First, the battery control and monitoring unit (BCMU) monitors multiple electrical parameters of the energy storage device, such as voltage, current, and temperature, in real time, and automatically controls the device's circuit on / off state based on these parameters. It is a core component of the entire system, ensuring the stability and safety of the energy storage device. Second, the battery voltage monitoring unit (BMU) consists of multiple sets of first circuits, each corresponding to a battery cell in the energy storage device. One end of each circuit connects to the two ends of a battery cell, and the other end connects to the BMU to transmit battery voltage data. This design ensures accurate monitoring of battery voltage, enabling the control unit to make appropriate adjustments. Finally, the battery current monitoring unit (BMU) comprises a set of second circuits and a second resistor located in the negative electrode transmission circuit. The two ends of the second circuit connect to the two sides of the resistor, respectively, and transmit current data to the BMU. The configuration of this unit facilitates accurate current measurement and control, thereby improving the efficiency and safety of the charging and discharging process. Overall, this design effectively integrates the battery's power parameter monitoring and control functions, optimizing the charge and discharge management of energy storage equipment.

[0026] In one example, the charge and discharge control circuit further includes: a battery temperature monitoring unit, including a third circuit, one end of the third circuit is connected to the negative electrode transmission circuit of the energy storage device, and a temperature-sensitive resistor is provided on the transmission third circuit, and the other end of the third circuit is connected to the battery control monitoring unit for transmitting the temperature data of the energy storage device to the battery control monitoring unit.

[0027] That is, the charge and discharge control circuit further includes a battery temperature monitoring unit. This unit is composed of a third circuit, one end of which is connected to the negative electrode transmission circuit of the energy storage device. A temperature-sensitive resistor is installed on the third circuit to detect the temperature of the energy storage device. The resistance value of the temperature-sensitive resistor changes with temperature. This characteristic enables the third circuit to accurately reflect the temperature status of the energy storage device. The other end of the third circuit is connected to the battery control monitoring unit to transmit the temperature data to the unit. The battery control monitoring unit adjusts the working state of the energy storage device according to the received temperature data to prevent safety problems or performance degradation caused by overheating or overcooling. This integrated design ensures the stable operation of the energy storage device under different temperature conditions, while improving the safety and reliability of the system. By monitoring the temperature in real time and making corresponding adjustments, the battery temperature monitoring unit effectively supports temperature management during the charging and discharging process.

[0028] In one example, the charge and discharge control circuit further includes: an inverter or charging device, connected to the positive transmission circuit and the negative transmission circuit of the energy storage device, for receiving the electric energy transmitted by the energy storage device, and inverting and converting the electric energy for external output, as well as receiving the electric energy transmitted from the outside and rectifying and converting the electric energy to charge the energy storage device; and a voltage detection unit of the inverter or charging device, including a fourth circuit and a fifth circuit, a plurality of first resistors are connected in series on the fourth circuit, and the two ends of the fourth circuit are respectively connected to the inverter or charging device, one end of the fifth circuit is connected to the third circuit, and the other end is connected to the battery control and monitoring unit, for transmitting the voltage data of the inverter or charging device to the battery control and monitoring unit.

[0029] Specifically, the charge-discharge control circuit also includes an integrated inverter or charging device. This device connects to the positive and negative transmission circuits of the energy storage device and performs two primary functions: first, receiving electrical energy from the energy storage device and rectifying and converting it for external output; second, receiving external electrical energy and rectifying and converting it to charge the energy storage device. This bidirectional inverter and charging function enables the device to flexibly switch between discharging and charging the energy storage device, improving system functionality.

[0030] The charge and discharge control circuit also includes a voltage detection unit, which consists of a fourth circuit and a fifth circuit. Multiple first resistors are connected in series to the fourth circuit, with both ends of the fourth circuit connected to the inverter or charging device to monitor its voltage status. One end of the fifth circuit is connected to the third circuit (the battery temperature monitoring unit) and the other end is connected to the battery control and monitoring unit, which transmits voltage data from the inverter or charging device to the battery control and monitoring unit.

[0031] This design integrates the inverter or charger with the BMS (Battery Management System) controller, simplifying several components in traditional systems. For example, the charging switch (MOSFET) and communication interface on the traditional BMS board are eliminated, resulting in a simpler system design, lower costs, and reduced system complexity. This integration not only improves system efficiency but also enhances reliability and ease of use.

[0032] It should be noted that the battery control monitoring unit is in communication with the control inverter or charging device, and is used to control the inverter or charging device to invert and convert electrical energy for external output according to various detection parameters, as well as to control the inverter or charging device to rectify and convert electrical energy to charge the energy storage device. In other words, the controller not only completes the real-time detection of the voltage, current and temperature at the battery end, but also realizes the control of the inverter at the same time. It is precisely because of this that the communication requirement between the BMS and the inverter control board is eliminated. In this way, not only an independent controller is reduced, but also the circuit design is simplified and the system cost is reduced.

[0033] In one example, the charge and discharge control circuit further includes: an NMOSFET-switch tube, which is arranged in the positive electrode transmission circuit of the energy storage device and is connected to the battery control and monitoring unit, wherein the battery control and monitoring unit controls the conduction or shutdown of the energy storage device by controlling the state of the NMOSFET-switch tube.

[0034] That is, the charge and discharge control circuit further includes an NMOSFET switch tube, which is installed in the positive electrode transmission circuit of the energy storage device and is responsible for controlling the flow of current.

[0035] NMOSFET is a type of field-effect transistor with excellent switching characteristics and low on-resistance. In this charge and discharge control circuit, the main function of the NMOSFET switch is to adjust the circuit on or off state of the energy storage device according to the instructions of the battery control and monitoring unit. Specifically, the battery control and monitoring unit determines whether current can flow through the positive transmission circuit of the energy storage device by controlling the switching state of the NMOSFET. At this time, when the NMOSFET switch is set to the on state, it allows current to flow out of the positive transmission circuit of the energy storage device, realizing battery discharge or power supply to external loads. Conversely, when the NMOSFET switch is set to the off state, it prevents current from flowing, thereby cutting off the power output of the energy storage device or stopping the charging process.

[0036] This design enables the charge and discharge control circuit to precisely control the power state of the energy storage device, enhancing system safety and flexibility. Furthermore, the integration of NMOSFET switches reduces the complex switching components required in traditional systems, simplifying the overall circuit design and improving system reliability.

[0037] In summary, the core of this application is to integrate the power control and BMS (battery management system) functions into a single controller, which significantly simplifies the design of the traditional charge and discharge management system. Figure 1As shown, the power supply and BMS are independent components, each responsible for battery status monitoring, charge and discharge control, protection management, and external communication. This independent design results in duplication of sampling and protection functions for parameters such as voltage and current between the power supply and the BMS, increasing system complexity and cost. Furthermore, to enable communication between the power supply and the BMS, the system requires additional communication circuitry and software protocols, further increasing the design complexity.

[0038] This application integrates the power supply control and BMS control functions into the same controller, thus achieving the merging of the power supply and BMS functions. Figure 2 As shown, the integrated system eliminates the separation of the power controller and the BMS controller in the traditional design, and uses a single controller to simultaneously complete the battery voltage, current and temperature sampling, charging control, discharge control, and protection functions. This integration not only eliminates the communication function requirements in the traditional system, but also eliminates the charging switch Q1 in the previous BMS, thereby simplifying the circuit design and reducing system costs. Through this technical solution, this patent simplifies the system design and improves the reliability and cost-effectiveness of the system.

[0039] In order to facilitate a deeper understanding of the technical solution of this application, it is necessary to further explain its design concept and technical implementation. The core of this application is to integrate the functions of the inverter and the battery management system (BMS) into the same single controller, thereby greatly simplifying the design of the traditional power system. In the traditional design, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the inverter and BMS are independent components, each responsible for different functions. The BMS primarily monitors the battery voltage, temperature, and current, manages the charging and discharging processes, and protects the battery. The inverter, on the other hand, is primarily responsible for power conversion and executing charging and discharging operations. However, this separate design leads to duplication of voltage and current sensing and control functions within the system, increasing system complexity, design difficulty, and cost.

[0040] In existing distributed systems, the BMS and inverter require collaborative communication protocols. Since charging and discharging are primarily performed by the inverter, while the BMS monitors battery status, coordination between the two requires the design of complex communication circuits and software protocols, further increasing system design complexity. Furthermore, the independent inverter and BMS controllers in traditional designs must each implement voltage and current detection, which not only increases hardware costs but also limits the real-time performance and reliability of the entire system.

[0041] This application overcomes the above problems by integrating the control functions of BMS and inverter on the same control board. Figure 2As shown, the integrated system eliminates the traditional separation of the inverter and BMS, unifying the BMS's battery detection function with the inverter's control function. Specifically, the controller not only performs real-time detection of the battery's voltage, current, and temperature, but also simultaneously controls the inverter (specifically, controlling the inverter or charging device to invert and convert electrical energy for external output, and controlling the inverter or charging device to rectify and convert electrical energy for charging the energy storage device), eliminating the need for communication between the two. This not only reduces the need for a separate controller, but also simplifies circuit design and reduces system costs.

[0042] In addition, the integrated design also brings about an improvement in the system response speed and reliability. Since all signal transmission is completed within the same controller, the system's detection of battery status and control of the inverter become more real-time, avoiding the reaction lag problem that may be caused by communication delays in traditional designs. Another significant advantage of this design is the reduction in the difficulty of software design. Since the communication requirement between the BMS and the inverter is eliminated, the relevant communication protocols and software design become simpler and more efficient. Therefore, through this technical solution, the present application successfully simplifies the system design and improves the reliability and cost-effectiveness of the system.

[0043] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, apparatus, article, or method comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, apparatus, article, or method. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, apparatus, article, or method comprising the element.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A charge and discharge control circuit for an energy storage device, characterized in that: include: a battery control and monitoring unit, configured to monitor at least one electric energy parameter of the energy storage device and control the on / off state of a circuit of the energy storage device according to the at least one electric energy parameter; a battery voltage monitoring unit, comprising a plurality of groups of first circuits, the plurality of groups of first circuits corresponding one to one with the battery cells in the energy storage device, and one end of each group of first circuits connected to both ends of the battery cells in the energy storage device, and the other end of each group of first circuits connected to the battery control and monitoring unit, for transmitting voltage parameters of the battery cells in the energy storage device to the battery control and monitoring unit; The battery current monitoring unit includes a set of second circuits and a second resistor, the second resistor is arranged on the negative electrode transmission circuit of the energy storage device, one end of the second circuit is connected to the two sides of the second resistor, and the other end of the second circuit is connected to the battery control and monitoring unit, which is used to transmit the current parameters of the energy storage device to the battery control and monitoring unit.

2. The charge and discharge control circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The charge and discharge control circuit further includes: The battery temperature monitoring unit includes a third circuit, one end of which is connected to the negative electrode transmission circuit of the energy storage device, and a temperature-sensitive resistor is provided on the transmission third circuit. The other end of the third circuit is connected to the battery control and monitoring unit, and is used to transmit the temperature data of the energy storage device to the battery control and monitoring unit.

3. The charge and discharge control circuit according to claim 2, wherein: The charge and discharge control circuit further includes: an inversion or charging device connected to the positive transmission circuit and the negative transmission circuit of the energy storage device, configured to receive electric energy transmitted by the energy storage device and invert and convert the electric energy for external output, and receive electric energy transmitted from the outside and rectify and convert the electric energy for charging the energy storage device; and The voltage detection unit of the inverter or charging device includes a fourth circuit and a fifth circuit. The fourth circuit is connected in series with multiple first resistors, and the two ends of the fourth circuit are respectively connected to the inverter or charging device. One end of the fifth circuit is connected to the third circuit, and the other end is connected to the battery control and monitoring unit, and is used to transmit voltage data of the inverter or charging device to the battery control and monitoring unit.

4. The charge and discharge control circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The charge and discharge control circuit also includes: an NMOSFET-switch tube, which is arranged in the positive electrode transmission circuit of the energy storage device and connected to the battery control and monitoring unit, wherein the battery control and monitoring unit controls the conduction or shutdown of the energy storage device by controlling the state of the NMOSFET-switch tube.

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