Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model relates to a photovoltaic module, belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and solves the problems of delamination and whitening of the appearance of a black bus bar of a conventional black module in the prior art. The photovoltaic module provided by the utility model comprises a backboard material, a rear packaging adhesive film, a battery string array, a front packaging adhesive film, a shielding piece and front plate glass which are arranged in sequence, the shielding piece is attached to the area, corresponding to the bus bar, of the inner layer of the front plate glass. The shielding piece is located between the front packaging adhesive film and the front plate glass; the shielding piece comprises a black light-transmitting layer and a white reflecting layer; the black light-transmitting layer is located on one side adjacent to the front plate glass, and the white reflecting layer is located on one side adjacent to the front packaging adhesive film. Different from the conventional black bus bar and bus bar joint strip scheme, the black bus bar is good in appearance, high in process yield and obvious in power gain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a photovoltaic component. Background Art

[0002] Black photovoltaic module busbar solutions primarily use black busbars or conventional busbar taping to maintain appearance. However, black busbars can cause whitening at bends and delamination due to aging of low-flow adhesive films. Furthermore, taping is currently only used in mass production of single-glass modules, as the yield rate of double-glass modules is low and there are process limitations. Neither method provides any power gain for the module.

[0003] Conventional black modules use black busbar material, which can cause delamination and whitening at the bends of the lead wires. Furthermore, when used with low-flow adhesive films, these materials can also cause initial and aging delamination, posing a risk of cosmetic and reliability failures. Busbar taping solutions are currently only applicable to single-glass modules; dual-glass module manufacturing processes are subject to issues with taping, resulting in low process yields. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above analysis, the embodiments of the present invention aim to provide a photovoltaic module to solve the problem of delamination and whitening of the black busbars of conventional black modules.

[0005] On the one hand, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module, the module structure of which is from top to bottom: backboard material, rear packaging film, battery string array, front packaging film, shielding member, front panel glass; the shielding member is located in the area of ​​the inner layer of the front panel glass corresponding to the bus bar; the shielding member is located between the front packaging film and the front panel glass; the shielding member includes a black light-transmitting layer and a white reflective layer; the black light-transmitting layer is located on the side adjacent to the front panel glass, and the white reflective layer is located on the side adjacent to the front packaging film.

[0006] Furthermore, the cross section of the surface where the black light-transmitting layer and the white reflective layer meet is in a mutually engaging sawtooth shape in a direction perpendicular to the length direction.

[0007] Furthermore, the saw teeth of the shielding member located in the bus bar area corresponding to the middle position of the inner layer of the front glass are isosceles triangles; the saw teeth of the shielding member located in the bus bar area corresponding to the edge position of the inner layer of the front glass are right triangles, and the top angle of the saw teeth is composed of a vertical side and a hypotenuse, and the hypotenuse is facing the middle position of the photovoltaic module.

[0008] Furthermore, the vertex angle of the sawtooth of the right triangle is half of the vertex angle of the sawtooth of the isosceles triangle.

[0009] Furthermore, the vertex angle of the saw teeth of the right triangle ranges from 7.5° to 80°.

[0010] Furthermore, the cross section of the surface where the white reflective layer and the front packaging film meet is in a mutually engaging sawtooth shape in a direction perpendicular to the length direction.

[0011] Furthermore, the busbar is a reflective busbar.

[0012] Furthermore, the shielding member is a film strip.

[0013] Furthermore, the white reflective layer is a white adhesive film layer with a serrated surface; and the black light-transmitting layer is a black adhesive film layer composited with the adhesive film of the white reflective layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the shielding member is a coating formed on the inner layer of the front glass, the contact surface between the front glass and the black light-transmitting layer is serrated, the black light-transmitting layer is a black light-transmitting glaze coating, and the white reflective layer is a white reflective glaze coating.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The black light-transmitting layer in the present invention can ensure the black appearance of the front of the component, solve the problem of delamination of the black busbar, and have a good appearance. The white reflective layer can increase the power of the component and is highly compatible with other materials and versions of the component. There is no appearance and reliability risk, and the component process yield is high.

[0017] 2. Since the photovoltaic module of the present invention is provided with a shielding member, conventional silver busbars can be used without affecting the black appearance of the module. The shielding member is located between the front packaging film and the front glass and is not easy to fall off, so it does not affect the module process yield and aging reliability.

[0018] 3. In the present invention, different sawtooth top angles are designed in different busbar areas or glazes with different structures are applied to maximize the component power.

[0019] 4. In the present invention, the shielding member has a double-sided reflective layer and is equipped with a reflective bus bar, which can utilize the oblique sunlight incident on the component to maximize the power gain of the component.

[0020] In the present invention, the above-mentioned technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combination solutions. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent description, and some advantages will become apparent from the description or be understood through practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained through the contents particularly pointed out in the description and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings are only used for the purpose of illustrating specific embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Throughout the accompanying drawings, the same reference symbols denote the same components.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the photovoltaic module of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional views of the shielding member of the photovoltaic module of the present invention (across a plane perpendicular to the length direction), wherein (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the shielding member corresponding to the position of the middle busbar, and (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the shielding member corresponding to the position of the edge busbar;

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagrams of the three-dimensional structure of the shielding member of Example 1 of the present utility model, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the shielding member corresponding to the position of the middle bus bar, and (b) is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the shielding member corresponding to the position of the edge bus bar;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the shielding member of Example 2 of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagrams of sunlight reflection paths in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the shielding member corresponding to the middle bus bar position in Example 1 reflecting infrared light to the cell area, (b) is a schematic diagram of the shielding member corresponding to the edge bus bar position in Example 1 reflecting infrared light to the cell area, and (c) is a schematic diagram of the shielding member in Example 2 combined with the reflective bus bar reflecting infrared light to the cell area;

[0027] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of light reflection when using a reflective bus bar in accordance with Example 2;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the component structure of Example 3;

[0029] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the shielding member of Example 3, wherein (a) is a plan view of the shielding member structure, and (b) is a three-dimensional view of the shielding member structure;

[0030] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the specific position of the busbar in the component.

[0031] 1-Front glass; 2-Shield; 21-Black light-transmitting layer; 22-White reflective layer; 3-Front encapsulation film; 4-Cell string array; 5-Rear encapsulation film; 6-Backplane material; 7-Middle bus bar, 8 / 9-Edge bus bars. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0033] The utility model provides a photovoltaic module, see Figure 1 、 Figure 9 The component structure includes the following arranged in sequence: backboard material 6, rear packaging film 5, battery string array 4, front packaging film 3, shielding member 2, front panel glass 1, and also includes bus bars arranged on the same layer as the battery string array 4. The bus bars include a middle bus bar 7 arranged in the middle position of the component and edge bus bars 8 and 9 arranged at the edge positions.

[0034] The shielding member 2 is located in the area of ​​the inner layer of the front glass 1 corresponding to the bus bar, including the area corresponding to the middle bus bar 7 and the area corresponding to the edge bus bars 8 and 9. The shielding member 2 can block the bus bar so that the color and state of the bus bar cannot affect the appearance of the photovoltaic module.

[0035] The shielding member 2 is located between the front encapsulation film 3 and the front glass 1. The shielding member 2 comprises a black translucent layer 21 and a white reflective layer 22. The black translucent layer 21 is located adjacent to the front glass 1, while the white reflective layer 22 is located adjacent to the front encapsulation film 3. The black translucent layer 21 blocks the color of the busbars, giving the photovoltaic module of this invention an overall black appearance. The white reflective layer 22 reflects infrared light toward the cell area, increasing the module's power output.

[0036] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, the cross section perpendicular to the length direction of the surface where the black light-transmitting layer 21 and the white reflective layer 22 meet is a sawtooth shape that engages with each other, wherein the cross section perpendicular to the length direction is along the Figure 9 The cross section produced by cutting along the AA axis is shown in .

[0037] The range of the top angle of the saw teeth is 7.5°-160°.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the saw teeth of the shielding member 2 corresponding to the area where the busbar 7 is located in the middle position are isosceles triangle bilaterally symmetrical structures, with a vertex angle ranging from 15° to 160°, preferably 60°, such as Figure 2 (a) and 3(a), the reflection path of sunlight is as follows Figure 5 As shown in (a).

[0039] The saw teeth of the shielding member 2 corresponding to the busbars 8 and 9 at the edge position are right triangles, the vertex angle of the saw teeth ranges from 7.5° to 80°, and the vertex angle of the saw teeth is composed of a vertical side and a hypotenuse, and the hypotenuse faces the middle position of the photovoltaic module, such as Figure 2 (b) and 3(b), the reflection path of sunlight is as follows Figure 5 (b) shown.

[0040] Preferably, the vertex angle of the saw teeth of the right triangle is half of the vertex angle of the saw teeth of the isosceles triangle. In some embodiments, the vertex angle of the saw teeth of the right triangle is 30°.

[0041] Furthermore, the surface where the white reflective layer 22 and the front packaging film 3 meet each other is in a sawtooth shape, such as Figure 4 、 Figure 6 As shown, the reflection path of sunlight is as follows Figure 5 (c) shown.

[0042] Preferably, the busbar is a reflective busbar.

[0043] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0044] Example 1:

[0045] This embodiment 1 relates to a photovoltaic module, wherein the shielding member 2 is a film strip. Figure 1 As shown, a black adhesive film strip is attached to the inner bus bar area of ​​the front glass 1. The specific laying position of the black adhesive film strip is as shown in FIG. Figure 1 、 Figure 9 shown.

[0046] The black film strip is divided into a black light-transmitting layer 21 and a white reflective layer 22. Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown. The white reflective layer 22 is formed by a triangular prism or pyramid shaped embossing roller after being cast through a white film, and then shaped by an irradiation process. The film of the black light-transmitting layer 21 is compounded with the film of the white reflective layer 22 through a lamination process to form a black film strip. The film of the white reflective layer 22 is a white film filled with titanium dioxide, and the film of the black light-transmitting layer 21 is a black film filled with benzene black, iron chrome black, etc. The black film can absorb visible light and transmit infrared light. The cross-section of the white reflective layer 22 corresponding to the middle bus bar area is designed to have a 60° vertex angle serration, as shown Figure 2 (a) and 3 (a) show that the effect of bilateral reflection is achieved. The cross section of the white reflective layer 22 in the area corresponding to the edge bus bars 8 and 9 is designed with a 30° top angle, as shown in FIG. Figure 2As shown in (b) and 3(b), a unilateral reflection effect is achieved, which can reflect the infrared light in this area to the surface of the front glass 1 to the maximum extent, and then reflect it to the battery area through the glass mirror, achieving a power gain effect.

[0047] The specific manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module of this embodiment 1 includes the following steps:

[0048] S1, laying the front glass 1;

[0049] S2. Attach black adhesive film strips with different vertex angles to the inner busbar area of ​​the front glass 1;

[0050] S3, laying the front encapsulation film 3 on the attached front glass 1;

[0051] S4, laying a battery string array 4 on the front packaging film 3;

[0052] S5, laying the packaging film 5;

[0053] S6, laying the backboard material 6 on the rear packaging film 5;

[0054] S7. Laminating the above-stacked components to obtain the photovoltaic component of this embodiment 1.

[0055] In the photovoltaic module of Example 1, the black translucent layer 21 transmits infrared light. This infrared light then reaches the white reflective layer 22, where it is reflected back to the solar cell area. Because the center area has solar cells on both sides, a 60° double-sided reflector is used. Because the edge areas only have solar cells on one side, a 30° top angle is used to reflect the cells toward one side.

[0056] Example 2:

[0057] On the basis of Example 1, the black film strip of the photovoltaic module in Example 2 is designed with a double-sided reflection angle, that is, the surface where the white reflective layer 22 and the front encapsulation film 3 meet is also a sawtooth shape that engages with each other, such as Figure 4 As shown, with the reflective busbar, the oblique sunlight of the module can be utilized to maximize the power gain of the module. The white reflective layer 22 adopts a double-sided embossed design and is also shaped by the irradiation process. The black transparent layer 21 is laminated with the white reflective layer 22 to form a black film strip. With the reflective busbar material, the reflection path is as follows Figure 5 As shown in (c), the side incident light in this area can be reflected to the battery area to the maximum extent, achieving the effect of power gain.

[0058] The specific manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module of this embodiment 2 includes the following steps:

[0059] S1, laying the front glass 1;

[0060] S2. Attach a black adhesive film strip with a double-sided reflection angle to the inner busbar area of ​​the front glass 1;

[0061] S3, laying the front encapsulation film 3 on the attached front glass 1;

[0062] S4, laying a battery string array 4 using reflective bus bars on the front packaging film 3;

[0063] S5, laying the packaging film 5;

[0064] S6, laying the backboard material 6 on the rear packaging film 5;

[0065] S7. Laminating the above-stacked components to obtain the photovoltaic component of this embodiment 2.

[0066] This solution is based on Example 1 and utilizes the reflected light from the bus bar, resulting in a higher theoretical power.

[0067] Example 3:

[0068] This embodiment 3 relates to a photovoltaic module, such as Figure 7 As shown, the shielding member 2 is a coating formed on the inner layer of the front glass 1. The inner layer of the front glass 1 adopts a triangular column or pyramid embossing design, so that the contact area between the front glass 1 and the black light-transmitting layer 21 is serrated, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown, a black light-transmitting glaze is thinly applied to form a black light-transmitting layer 21, and a white glaze is thickly applied to form a white reflective layer 22.

[0069] like Figure 8 As shown, the inner glass layer corresponding to the busbar area is first sprayed with a black, translucent glaze layer with a thickness of 1-5μm and a morphology consistent with the embossed pattern of the glass. A white glaze layer is then roller-applied to fill the embossed grooves and create a reflective angle. The black glaze, while black in appearance, transmits infrared light, forming a black translucent layer 21; the white glaze, which reflects infrared light, forms a white reflective layer 22. This structural design reflects infrared light from the busbar area onto the surface of the front glass 1, where it is then reflected back to the cell area via the glass mirror, achieving power gain. It can also be combined with a low-temperature glaze system to reduce stress on the front glass 1 and improve component reliability.

[0070] The specific manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module of this embodiment 3 includes the following steps:

[0071] S0. Setting a shielding member 2 in the area of ​​the inner layer of the front glass 1 corresponding to the bus bar;

[0072] S1, laying the front glass 1;

[0073] S2, laying the front packaging film 3;

[0074] S3, laying a battery string array 4 on the front packaging film 3;

[0075] S4, laying the packaging film 5;

[0076] S5, laying the backboard material 6 on the rear packaging film 5;

[0077] S6. Laminating the above-stacked components to obtain the photovoltaic component of this embodiment 3.

[0078] The above is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any changes or replacements that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: It includes a back panel material, a rear packaging film, a battery string array, a front packaging film, a shielding member and a front panel glass arranged in sequence; the shielding member is located in the area of ​​the inner layer of the front panel glass corresponding to the bus bar; the shielding member is located between the front packaging film and the front panel glass; the shielding member includes a black light-transmitting layer and a white reflective layer; the black light-transmitting layer is located on the side adjacent to the front panel glass, and the white reflective layer is located on the side adjacent to the front packaging film.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that The cross section of the surface where the black light-transmitting layer and the white reflective layer meet each other is in a sawtooth shape perpendicular to the length direction.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that The saw teeth of the shielding member located in the busbar area corresponding to the middle position of the inner layer of the front glass are isosceles triangles; the saw teeth of the shielding member located in the busbar area corresponding to the edge position of the inner layer of the front glass are right triangles, and the top angle of the saw teeth is composed of a vertical side and a hypotenuse, and the hypotenuse is facing the middle position of the photovoltaic module.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that The vertex angle of the saw tooth of the right triangle is half of the vertex angle of the saw tooth of the isosceles triangle.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The vertex angle of the right triangle saw teeth ranges from 7.5° to 80°.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross section of the surface where the white reflective layer and the front packaging film meet is in a mutually engaged sawtooth shape in a direction perpendicular to the length direction.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The busbar is a reflective busbar.

8. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 2-4, 6-7, characterized in that: The shielding member is a film strip.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The white reflective layer is a white adhesive film layer with a serrated surface; the black light-transmitting layer is a black adhesive film layer composited with the adhesive film of the white reflective layer.

10. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 2-4, 6-7, characterized in that: The shielding member is a coating formed on the inner layer of the front glass. The contact surface between the front glass and the black light-transmitting layer is serrated. The black light-transmitting layer is a black light-transmitting glaze coating. The white reflective layer is a white reflective glaze coating.

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