Geological reamer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a geological reamer, which relates to the technical field of reamers and comprises a drill rod, a drill bit is arranged at the bottom end of the drill rod, a positioning frame is rotatably connected onto the drill rod, the reamer can be vertically erected on the ground without other assistance through the positioning frame, and a reaming component is further arranged on the drill rod. The hole expanding assembly is used for expanding the pre-formed hole, and an expanding mechanism is arranged between the positioning frame and the hole expanding assembly and used for adjusting the distance between the positioning frame and the hole expanding assembly. According to the utility model, the reaming assembly is driven by the expanding mechanism, so that the diameter of the reaming assembly on the drill rod is enlarged or reduced, and the reaming diameter can be adjusted under the condition that drill bits with different sizes are prevented from being replaced, so as to meet the reaming requirements of different diameters; the positioning effect on a drill bit on the drill rod is achieved through the positioning frame, so that the drill rod can be aligned to a pre-opened hole, and reaming can be vertically conducted in the pre-opened hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hole reamer, in particular to a geological hole reamer. Background Art

[0002] During geological exploration, in order to facilitate soil sampling and testing by workers, it is necessary to drill and expand the hole in the sampling area.

[0003] Reference announcement number "CN221838257U" discloses a geological drilling reamer, which records: including a guide head, a positioning baffle fixedly connected to the outer surface of the guide head, a hole-opening assembly threadedly connected to the top of the guide head, a pushing assembly rotatably connected to the inner surface of the hole-opening assembly, a vacuum drill rod threadedly connected to the top of the inner surface of the pushing assembly, and a plurality of evenly distributed cutting heads fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide head. The geological drilling reamer of the utility model can achieve the purpose of expanding the drill hole by designing the hole-opening assembly. At the same time, during the operation of the equipment, the drilling rig can perform a high-pressure extraction operation on the inside of the vacuum drill rod to extract gravel and flushing fluid in front of the guide head during the drilling process; the provided pushing assembly can realize a pushing operation on the inner surface of the expanded hole, making the inner surface of the expanded hole smoother and more stable, which is convenient for subsequent operation by staff.

[0004] During the implementation of the patent, the applicant discovered the following technical problems: the width of the hole cannot be adjusted during reaming, resulting in the inner diameter of the hole not meeting the needs in different scenarios. That is, different reaming diameters require the installation of drill bits of different sizes. In order to ensure alignment with the pre-opened hole and vertical reaming, positioning assistance is required during the reaming process. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a geological reamer to provide a new technical solution to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] Based on this, a geological reamer is provided to solve the following technical problems raised in the background technology: different reaming diameters require drill bits of different sizes; it is difficult to ensure that it can be aligned with the pre-opened hole and can be reamed vertically.

[0006] The utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A geological reamer includes a drill rod, a drill bit is provided at the bottom end of the drill rod, and further includes:

[0008] a positioning frame rotatably mounted on the drill rod to assist in vertically erecting the drill rod;

[0009] a reaming assembly disposed on the drill rod and positioned between the drill bit and a portion of the positioning frame;

[0010] The expansion mechanism is rotatable and movable along the axis and is arranged on the drill rod and is respectively connected to the positioning frame and the reaming assembly. The expansion mechanism is used to adjust the distance between the positioning frame and the reaming assembly.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the geological reamer provided by the present invention, a flange is integrally connected to the top of the drill rod, which is used to connect a driving device that provides torque through the flange, and the drill bit is a drill bit with a spiral groove that gradually expands upward.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the geological reamer provided by the present invention, the positioning frame includes at least three structures and a first bearing, and the at least three structures are fixed outside the first bearing at equal distances along the circumference, and the first bearing is fixed on the drill pipe.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the geological reamer provided by the present invention, at least three of the structures include a first frame, a second frame, a sliding member and a damping rod, one end of the first frame is fixed to the outside of the first bearing, the sliding member is respectively connected between one side of the first frame and the second frame, so that the first frame can slide vertically on the second frame, the damping rod is fixed between the first frame and the second frame, and the bottom of the second frame is integrally connected to a cone head;

[0014] The sliding member includes a guide rail and a slider. The guide rail is fixed on one side of the first frame, and the slider is fixed on one side of the second frame and is slidably connected to the guide rail.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the geological reamer provided by the present invention, the reaming assembly is composed of at least three groups of plates with variable diameters arranged equidistantly along the circumference, and at least three groups of the plates include casing, expansion plates, reaming plates, positioning rings and earth-breaking pieces. At least two limit rods are fixed on the drill rod, and the casing is sleeved on one section of the drill rod with at least two limit rods through the limit grooves. The positioning ring is fixed to the outside of the bottom of the drill rod, the inner side of the top of the expansion plate is rotatably connected to the casing, the inner side of the bottom of the expansion plate is rotatably connected to the inner side of the top of the reaming plate, the inner side of the bottom of the reaming plate is rotatably connected to the positioning ring, and the earth-breaking piece is fixed on the outer surface of the reaming plate.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the geological reamer provided by the present invention, the expansion mechanism includes a support plate, a second bearing, and two brakes. The inner side of the middle part of the support plate is rotatably connected to the sleeve through the second bearing, and the two brakes are respectively fixed at both ends of the support plate and between the first frames of two of the structures.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The utility model provides a geological reamer, which drives the reaming assembly through an expansion mechanism to expand or reduce the diameter of the reaming assembly on the drill rod, thereby achieving the adjustment of the reaming diameter to meet the reaming requirements of different diameters without replacing drill bits of different sizes.

[0019] The utility model provides a geological reamer, which achieves the positioning effect of the drill bit on the drill rod through the positioning frame, so that the drill rod can be aligned with the pre-opened hole and can vertically expand the hole in the pre-opened hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the solutions in the present invention, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a geological reamer provided by the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a positioning frame for a geological reamer provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a single frame of a geological reamer provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a geological reamer provided by the present invention, in which the first frame is separated from the second frame;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a geological reamer provided by the present invention, in which the expansion mechanism is arranged on a positioning frame, a drill rod and components on the rod;

[0026] Figure 6 The utility model provides a geological reamer Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a structure in which the positioning member and the expansion component are removed;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of a set of variable diameter plates of a geological reamer provided by the present invention.

[0028] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are as follows:

[0029] 1. Drill rod; 2. Drill bit; 3. Positioning frame; 31. First bearing; 32. First frame; 33. Second frame; 34. Damping rod; 35. Cone head; 36. Guide rail; 37. Slider; 4. Reaming assembly; 41. Casing; 42. Expansion plate; 43. Reaming plate; 44. Positioning ring; 45. Breaking piece; 5. Expansion mechanism; 51. Support plate; 52. Second bearing; 53. Brake; 6. Limit rod; 7. Limit groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to help those skilled in the art better understand the present invention, the following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the geological reamer includes a drill rod 1, with a drill bit 2 provided at the bottom end of the drill rod 1. Specifically, a flange is integrally connected to the top of the drill rod 1, and the flange is used to connect to a driving device that provides torque. The driving device drives the drill rod 1 and the drill bit 2 to rotate at high speed. A certain downward pressure is applied to the drill rod 1 and the drill bit 2 on the basis of rotation, so that the drill bit 2 contacts the pre-opened hole and drills into the pre-opened hole under the action of the spiral groove on the drill bit 2 that gradually expands upward. Since the overall shape of the drill bit 2 is a cone that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, a first degree of hole expansion is performed when drilling into the pre-opened hole.

[0033] A positioning frame 3 is rotatably connected to the drill rod 1. The positioning frame 3 allows the reamer to be vertically positioned on the ground without any other support. In this way, the drill bit 2 can be aligned with the pre-opened hole with the support of the positioning frame 3. The positioning frame 3 can be retracted in the height direction when under pressure (see below for details), so as not to interfere with the movement of the drill bit 2 drilling into the pre-opened hole and to keep the drill bit 2 vertically descending in the pre-opened hole.

[0034] The drill rod 1 is also provided with a reaming assembly 4. The reaming assembly 4 is positioned above the drill bit 2 on the drill rod 1. When the drill bit 2 drills into the pre-opened hole, the reaming assembly 4 will then drill into the pre-opened hole. Since the middle diameter of the reaming assembly 4 is initially larger than the maximum diameter of the drill bit 2, the reaming assembly 4 performs a second degree of reaming on the pre-opened hole.

[0035] An expansion mechanism 5 is provided between the positioning frame 3 and the reaming assembly 4. The expansion mechanism 5 is used to adjust the distance between the positioning frame 3 and the reaming assembly 4. That is, as the portion of the positioning frame 3 (that is, the connection node between the positioning frame 3 and the drill rod 1) moves away from the portion of the reaming assembly 4, the middle portion of the reaming assembly 4 will further protrude outward, so that the diameter of the portion will be further expanded, thereby further expanding the diameter of the second degree of reaming of the pre-opening, that is, the diameter of the pre-opening to be expanded is further expanded, so that the adjustment of the reaming diameter can be achieved without replacing the drill bit 2 of different sizes to meet the reaming requirements of different diameters.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the positioning frame 3 includes at least three structures (four are shown in the figure, including but not limited to these) and a first bearing 31. The structures are fixed to the outside of the first bearing 31 at equal intervals along the circumference. The first bearing 31 is fixed on the drill rod 1. With the support of the multiple structures, the drill rod 1 and the components on the rod are vertically erected above the pre-opening, and the drill rod 1 and the components on the rod are restricted to drilling vertically into the pre-opening to ensure the correct vertical expansion direction.

[0037] Further, such as Figure 3 As shown, one structure is taken as an example, which includes a first frame 32, a second frame 33, a sliding member and a damping rod 34. One end of the first frame 32 is fixed to the outside of the first bearing 31. The sliding member is respectively connected between one side of the first frame 32 and the second frame 33 so that the first frame 32 can slide vertically on the second frame 33. The damping rod 34 is fixed between the first frame 32 and the second frame 33. The bottom of the second frame 33 is integrally connected to a cone head 35.

[0038] By inserting the cone head 35 into the vicinity of the pre-opening, the single structure is connected to the vicinity of the pre-opening, so that when Figure 2 The structures shown in the figure are connected to support each other so that the drill rod 1 and its components can be erected and aligned in the pre-opened hole under certain conditions;

[0039] When subjected to downward drilling pressure, the first frame 32 is provided with a sliding member between the second frame 33, which allows the first frame 32 to slide on the second frame 33, so that the first frame 32 is overlapped on the second frame 33, thereby shortening the overall length of the structure, thereby allowing the drill bit 2 and the reaming assembly 4 on the drill rod 1 to drill into the pre-drilled hole;

[0040] A damping rod 34 is disposed between the first frame 32 and the second frame 33. Specifically, the damping rod 34 is capable of causing its piston rod to retract into the mother rod when under pressure, and of elastically releasing part or all of the piston rod outside the mother rod when not under pressure, including but not limited to a reference gas strut. Thus, when the downward force applied to drilling is removed, the damping rod 34 slowly drives the first frame 32 upward on the second frame 33, restoring the assembly to its maximum height and allowing the drill bit 2 and reaming assembly 4 on the drill rod 1 to escape from the pre-drilled hole.

[0041] Further, if Figure 4 As shown, this component refers to the previous figure. On the basis of the structure shown in the previous figure, the sliding part includes a guide rail 36 and a slider 37. The guide rail 36 is fixed on one side of the first frame 32, and the slider 37 is fixed on one side of the second frame 33 and is slidably connected to the guide rail 36. It should be noted that: the setting of the guide rail 36 and the slider 37 is not limited to the above-mentioned, and the guide rail 36 and the slider 37 can also be set in opposite positions. In this way, the first frame 32 slides on the guide rail 36 or the slider 37 on the second frame 33 through the guide rail 36 or the slider 37, so that the length of the first frame 32 overlaps with the length of the second frame 33. In addition, by observing the overlapping length, the depth of the drill rod 1 drilled into the pre-opened hole can be intuitively understood.

[0042] like Figure 5 As shown, the reaming assembly 4 is composed of at least three groups (including but not limited to these, four groups are shown in the figure) of plates with variable diameters arranged equidistantly around the drill rod 1 along the circumference. The multiple groups of the positioning frame 3 are rotatably mounted on the drill rod 1 via first bearings 31, and the expansion mechanism 5 is also rotatably mounted on the drill rod 1 and can move along the axis, and is fixed to the top portion of the plates.

[0043] Based on the above, when the drill rod 1 rotates, the drill rod 1 will not drive the positioning frame 3 and the expansion mechanism 5 to rotate as a whole, and the expansion mechanism 5 can also move in a directional manner based on the rotation, providing a push or pull force to the reaming assembly 4 to achieve diameter adjustment. The push or pull force transmitted by the expansion mechanism 5 allows the maximum diameter of the middle part of the reaming assembly 4 to be changed.

[0044] like Figure 6As shown, taking a set of plates as an example, the plate body includes a sleeve 41, an expansion plate 42, a reaming plate 43, a positioning ring 44 and a soil-breaking piece 45. At least two limiting rods 6 (including but not limited to these) are fixed on the drill rod 1. The sleeve 41 (depending on the number of limiting rods 6) is sleeved on one section of the drill rod 1 having at least two limiting rods 6 through the opening limiting groove 7. The positioning ring 44 is fixed to the outside of the bottom of the drill rod 1. The inner side of the top end of the expansion plate 42 is rotatably connected to the sleeve 41. The inner side of the bottom of the expansion plate 42 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the top of the reaming plate 43. The inner side of the bottom of the reaming plate 43 is rotatably connected to the positioning ring 44. The soil-breaking piece 45 is fixed to the outer surface of the reaming plate 43.

[0045] When the sleeve 41 at the top receives the thrust transmitted by the expansion mechanism 5, it will slide downward on the limit rod 6 on the drill pipe 1 through the limit groove 7 on the sleeve 41. At this time, the movement of the sleeve 41 will cause the top of the expansion plate 42 to move downward and rotate on the sleeve 41. At the same time, since the positioning ring 44 is fixed to the outside of the bottom of the drill pipe 1, the downward movement of the expansion plate 42 will not drive the expansion plate 43 connected to the positioning ring 44 to move downward on the drill pipe 1 through the positioning ring 44, thereby causing the rotation connection node between the bottom end of the expansion plate 42 and the top end of the expansion plate 43 to rotate and protrude outward. Since this number of plates will all be affected by the movement of the sleeve 41 and make corresponding changes, the diameter of the middle part of the expansion assembly 4 is expanded. When the middle part with the adjusted diameter is drilled into the pre-opened hole, the diameter of the pre-opened hole after expansion is equal to the part of the expansion assembly 4 with the adjusted diameter;

[0046] When it is necessary to expand multiple pre-opened holes to a specified diameter, the specified expanded diameter can be obtained by adjusting the expansion mechanism 5 to any position of the limit rod 6 on the drill rod 1; the rotating expanding plate 43 is allowed to interfere with the soil in the pre-opened hole through the soil-breaking member 45, thereby breaking the soil in the pre-opened hole. The soil-breaking member 45 includes but is not limited to the spiral blade shape, convex point shape or pointed convex shape as shown in the figure, as long as the structure can break the soil.

[0047] like Figure 7 As shown, the expansion mechanism 5 includes a support plate 51, a second bearing 52, and two brakes 53. The outer side of the second bearing 52 is fixedly embedded in a bearing hole opened in the middle of the support plate 51. The inner side of the second bearing 52 is fixed to the portion of the sleeve 41 that enters the second bearing 52, so that the support plate 51 is rotatably connected to the sleeve 41 through the second bearing 52. The two brakes 53 are respectively fixed at both ends of the support plate 51 and between the first frames 32 of two of the structures.

[0048] Specifically, the brake 53 is a cylinder, a hydraulic rod or an electric cylinder. The brake 53 is fixed in an inverted position at the bottom of the first frame 32. The piston rod of the brake 53 is fixed to the top of one end of the support plate 51. When the two brakes 53 work synchronously, their piston rods will drive the support plate 51 together. The support plate 51 drives the sleeve 41 on the drill pipe 1 through the second bearing 52 and moves downward on at least two limit rods 6. When resetting, the piston rod of the brake 53 contracts and drives the support plate 51. The support plate 51 drives the sleeve 41 on the at least two limit rods 6 through the second bearing 52 and moves upward.

Claims

1. A geological reamer, comprising a drill rod (1), the bottom end of which is provided with a drill bit (2), characterized in that: Also includes: A positioning frame (3) rotatably mounted on the drill rod (1) and used to assist the drill rod (1) in vertically erecting; a reaming assembly (4) disposed on the drill rod (1) and located between the drill bit (2) and a portion of the positioning frame (3); An expansion mechanism (5) is rotatably and axially movable on the drill rod (1) and is connected to the positioning frame (3) and the reaming assembly (4) respectively. The expansion mechanism (5) is used to adjust the distance between the positioning frame (3) and the reaming assembly (4) so ​​as to expand or reduce the diameter of the reaming assembly (4) on the drill rod (1); The expansion mechanism (5) comprises a support plate (51), a second bearing (52) and two brakes (53). The inner side of the middle portion of the support plate (51) is rotatably connected to the sleeve (41) via the second bearing (52). The two brakes (53) are respectively fixed at both ends of the support plate (51) and between the first frames (32) of two of the structures.

2. The geological reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that The top of the drill rod (1) is integrally connected with a flange plate, which is used to connect a driving device that provides torque through the flange plate. The drill bit (2) is a drill bit (2) with a spiral groove that gradually expands upwards.

3. The geological reamer according to claim 2, characterized in that The positioning frame (3) comprises at least three structures and a first bearing (31), wherein the at least three structures are fixed outside the first bearing (31) at equal distances along the circumference, and the first bearing (31) is fixed on the drill rod (1).

4. The geological reamer according to claim 3, characterized in that At least three of the structures include a first frame (32), a second frame (33), a sliding member and a damping rod (34), one end of the first frame (32) is fixed to the outside of the first bearing (31), the sliding member is respectively connected between one side of the first frame (32) and the second frame (33), so that the first frame (32) can slide vertically on the second frame (33), the damping rod (34) is fixed between the first frame (32) and the second frame (33), and the bottom of the second frame (33) is integrally connected with a cone head (35); The sliding member comprises a guide rail (36) and a slider (37), wherein the guide rail (36) is fixed on one side of the first frame (32), and the slider (37) is fixed on one side of the second frame (33) and is slidably connected to the guide rail (36).

5. The geological reamer according to claim 4, characterized in that The reaming assembly (4) is composed of at least three groups of plates with variable diameters arranged equidistantly along the circumference, and the at least three groups of plates each include a sleeve (41), an expansion plate (42), a reaming plate (43), a positioning ring (44) and a soil-breaking piece (45). At least two limiting rods (6) are fixed on the drill rod (1). The sleeve (41) is sleeved on one section of the drill rod (1) having at least two limiting rods (6) through a limiting groove (7). The positioning ring (44) is fixed to the outside of the bottom of the drill rod (1). The inner side of the top end of the expansion plate (42) is rotatably connected to the sleeve (41). The inner side of the bottom end of the expansion plate (42) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the top end of the reaming plate (43). The inner side of the bottom end of the reaming plate (43) is rotatably connected to the positioning ring (44). The soil-breaking piece (45) is fixed to the outer surface of the reaming plate (43).

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