Total station for investigation and measurement of water conservancy project

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of total stations, and discloses a total station for water conservancy project investigation and measurement, which comprises an observation part and a leveling part, the observation part is rotatably connected with the leveling part, the leveling part comprises a top plate and a bottom plate, three studs are fixedly mounted at the bottom of the top plate, foot spirals are sleeved on the outer sides of the studs, and the foot spirals are connected with the observation part. The foot screw is annular, a gear, a permanent magnet and an electromagnet are arranged in the foot screw, a reset spring is arranged between the foot screw and the top plate, a detection bin is arranged at the bottom of the top plate, a positive plate and a negative plate are arranged in the detection bin, and when the observation part and the leveling part are violently inclined, the electromagnet is powered off; and meanwhile, the permanent magnet is separated from the gear, the gear restores free rotation, and the stud enables the middle of the stud to reset to be flush with the foot screw under the action of the elastic force of the reset spring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of total stations, in particular to a total station for water conservancy engineering survey and measurement. Background Art

[0002] The total station has the functions of measuring elevation, angle, slope distance, horizontal distance, etc., and is widely used in various engineering surveying operations.

[0003] Total stations are usually used in conjunction with tripods. To ensure measurement accuracy, the total station needs to be leveled, which is achieved by adjusting the foot screws on the total station base. However, during the measurement process, measurements often need to be taken at multiple locations. After completing the measurement work at each station, the surveyor is often busy rushing to the next location and forgets to adjust the foot screws back to the position flush with the centerline of the stud. The next time leveling is performed, the tripod may need to be re-set up because the foot screws do not have sufficient adjustment travel. This not only delays the project progress but also makes the operation cumbersome. Therefore, it is very necessary to create a total station that can automatically restore the foot screws to the position flush with the centerline of the stud after measurement. Utility Model Content

[0004] In response to the shortcomings of the existing total station mentioned in the background technology during use, the utility model provides a total station for water conservancy engineering survey and measurement. By arranging a gear in the foot screw, the gear is engaged with the thread on the side of the stud, and the connection state of the gear and the foot screw is changed, the center line of the stud can automatically return to a position flush with the foot screw after the measurement is completed.

[0005] The utility model provides the following technical solution: a total station for surveying and measuring water conservancy projects, comprising an observation part and a leveling part, wherein the observation part is rotatably connected to the leveling part, the leveling part comprises a top plate and a bottom plate, three studs are fixedly installed on the bottom of the top plate, foot screws are sleeved on the outer side of the studs, the bottom surface of the foot screws is rotatably connected to the top surface of the bottom plate, gears, permanent magnets and electromagnets are arranged inside the foot screws, a reset spring is arranged between the foot screws and the top plate, and the bottom center of the top plate is fixedly installed There is a detection chamber, and a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet are provided inside the detection chamber. When the observation part and the leveling part are roughly leveled, the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet inside the detection chamber are attached to each other and the electromagnet is energized. The magnetic force of the electromagnet pushes the permanent magnet toward the gear and fits it with it, so that the gear and the foot screw are relatively fixed. When the observation part and the leveling part are sharply tilted, the electromagnet is powered off and the permanent magnet is separated from the gear. The gear resumes free rotation, and the middle part of the stud is reset to be flush with the foot screw under the elastic force of the reset spring.

[0006] Preferably, the detection chamber is a circular cake-shaped empty shell and the bottom surface of the detection chamber is funnel-shaped. Balls are provided in the detection chamber and the balls roll freely in the detection chamber.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom surface of the detection chamber is recessed downward to form a trigger chamber, an elastic membrane is fixedly installed on the top of the trigger chamber, a positive electrode sheet is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the elastic membrane, a negative electrode sheet is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the trigger chamber below the positive electrode sheet, and a compression spring is provided on the outer side of the positive and negative electrode sheets, the elastic force of the compression spring is less than the gravity of the ball, and the two ends of the compression spring are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the elastic membrane and the bottom inner wall of the trigger chamber respectively.

[0008] Preferably, a mounting block is fixedly installed inside the foot screw, and a gear is provided at the end of the mounting block facing the axis of the foot screw. The gear is rotatably connected to the mounting block, and the gear is engaged with the thread on the side wall of the stud. A permanent magnet is provided in the mounting block, and the permanent magnet is slidably connected to the mounting block. A tension spring is provided between the permanent magnet and the inner wall of the mounting block, and the two ends of the tension spring are respectively fixedly connected to the side walls of the mounting blocks on both sides and the side walls of the permanent magnet. The side of the permanent magnet facing the gear is provided with a protrusion that is adapted to the shape of the tooth groove on the gear, and an electromagnet is fixedly installed inside the foot screw outside the permanent magnet.

[0009] Preferably, the top end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top plate, the bottom end of the return spring is rotatably connected to the top surface of the foot screw, and a dust cover is provided on the outside of the return spring. The dust cover is in the shape of a telescopic tube, and the two ends of the dust cover are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top plate and the top surface of the foot screw.

[0010] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] 1. The utility model sets a gear inside the foot screw. When the gear and the foot screw are relatively fixed, the height of the stud can be adjusted by turning the foot screw. When the gear and the foot screw are separated, the center line of the stud can automatically return to a position flush with the foot screw under the action of the spring force.

[0012] 2. The utility model provides a detection device on the base, and automatically cuts off the power supply to the electromagnet when the total station is moved and the gear and the foot screw are separated from each other due to the sharp tilt. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the base of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 For this utility model Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle part;

[0016] Figure 4 For this utility model Figure 2A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Observation part; 2. Leveling part; 21. Top plate; 211. Stud; 22. Bottom plate; 3. Detection chamber; 4. Trigger chamber; 41. Elastic membrane; 42. Positive electrode; 43. Negative electrode; 44. Compression spring; 5. Ball bearing; 6. Foot screw; 7. Mounting block; 71. Permanent magnet; 72. Tension spring; 73. Electromagnet; 8. Gear; 9. Return spring; 91. Dust cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 A total station for water conservancy engineering survey and measurement includes an observation part 1 and a leveling part 2. The observation part 1 is rotatably connected to the leveling part 2. The leveling part 2 includes a top plate 21 and a bottom plate 22. Three foot screws 6 are provided between the top plate 21 and the bottom plate 22. The foot screws 6 are rotatably connected to the top surface of the bottom plate 22. A stud 211 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the top plate 21 corresponding to the position above the foot screw 6. The stud 211 is sleeved inside the foot screw 6. By rotating the foot screw 6, the vertical distance between the top plate 21 and the bottom plate 22 is changed, and the top plate 21 is leveled to complete the leveling of the observation part 1.

[0020] See also Figure 2 and Figure 4 The gear 8 and the reset spring 9 are relatively fixed by rotating the foot screw 6, and the mounting block 7 and the gear 8 are rotated synchronously, and the gear 8 is pressed against the thread on the side of the stud 211 by the gear 8 and rotated relative to it, thereby lifting or lowering the stud 211.

[0021] See also Figure 2 and Figure 4 A return spring 9 is provided on the outer side of the stud 211 above the foot screw 6. The top of the return spring 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top plate 21, and the bottom end of the return spring 9 is rotatably connected to the top surface of the foot screw 6. The length of the return spring 9 is half the length of the stud 211. When the electromagnet 73 is powered off, the permanent magnet 71 moves outward under the tension of the tension spring 72 and separates from the gear 8. The gear 8 can rotate freely. Under the action of the elastic force of the upper return spring 9, the stud 211 moves relative to the foot screw 6, and finally the middle part of the stud 211 is roughly flush with the foot screw 6. A dust cover 91 is provided on the outer side of the return spring 9. The dust cover 91 is a telescopic tubular structure, and the two ends of the dust cover 91 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top plate 21 and the top surface of the foot screw 6 respectively.

[0022] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 A detection chamber 3 is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the top plate 21. The detection chamber 3 is a hollow shell structure with a flat top and a funnel-shaped bottom. A ball 5 is provided inside the detection chamber 3. When the observation part 1 is roughly leveled, the ball 5 rolls to the bottom center of the detection chamber 3. The bottom center of the detection chamber 3 is recessed downward to form a trigger chamber 4. An elastic membrane 41 is fixedly installed on the top of the trigger chamber 4. A positive electrode sheet 42 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the elastic membrane 41. A negative electrode sheet 43 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom surface of the trigger chamber 4 opposite the positive electrode sheet 42. A compression spring 44 is provided in the trigger chamber 4. The elastic force of the compression spring 44 is less than the gravity of the ball 5. The two ends of the compression spring 44 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the elastic membrane 41 and the inner wall of the bottom surface of the trigger chamber 4 respectively. When the ball 5 is located above the elastic membrane 41, the elastic membrane 41 is pressed down, and the compression spring 44 is compressed accordingly. The elastic membrane 41 and the positive electrode sheet 42 move downward and fit with the negative electrode sheet 43 below, so that the electromagnet 73 is energized.

[0023] The method of use (working principle) of the present invention is as follows: fix the total station on a tripod, and adjust the tripod so that the observation part 1 is roughly leveled, the ball 5 rolls along the funnel-shaped bottom surface of the detection chamber 3 to the top of the elastic membrane 41, and then presses the elastic membrane 41 downward and concaves it, and the compression spring 44 is compressed synchronously, so that the negative electrode piece 43 and the positive electrode piece 42 fit together to energize the electromagnet 73, and the permanent magnet 71 is then pushed toward the direction of the gear 8 and fits with the tooth surface of the gear 8, so that the gear 8 is relatively fixed to the mounting block 7 and the foot screw 6, and the foot screw 6 is rotated to lift or lower the stud 211 through the contact and sliding of the tooth surface of the gear 8 with the side thread of the stud 211, and the top plate 21 is adjusted to a horizontal state. While adjusting the height of the stud 211, the reset spring 9 undergoes elastic deformation.

[0024] When the measurement is completed or the measuring station needs to be changed, the surveyor moves the total station. At this time, the total station as a whole tilts sharply. The ball 5 rolls to the inner edge of the detection chamber 3 under the action of gravity. The elastic membrane 41 resets upward under the elastic force of the compression spring 44, so that the positive electrode 42 is separated from the negative electrode 43 and the electromagnet 73 is powered off. The permanent magnet 71 moves outward under the tension of the tension spring 72 and separates from the gear 8. Under the elastic force of the reset spring 9, the middle part of the stud 211 automatically resets to be flush with the foot screw 6, omitting the manual reset operation and avoiding the problem of insufficient stud adjustment stroke due to forgetting to reset, which requires re-setting the tripod.

Claims

1. A total station for surveying and measuring water conservancy projects, comprising an observation portion (1) and a leveling portion (2), wherein the observation portion (1) is rotatably connected to the leveling portion (2), the leveling portion (2) comprises a top plate (21) and a bottom plate (22), three studs (211) are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the top plate (21), foot screws (6) are sleeved on the outside of the studs (211), and the bottom surface of the foot screws (6) is rotatably connected to the top surface of the bottom plate (22), characterized in that: A gear (8), a permanent magnet (71) and an electromagnet (73) are provided inside the foot screw (6); a reset spring (9) is provided between the foot screw (6) and the top plate (21); a detection chamber (3) is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the top plate (21); a positive electrode sheet (42) and a negative electrode sheet (43) are provided inside the detection chamber (3); when the observation portion (1) and the leveling portion (2) are sharply tilted, the electromagnet (73) is powered off and the permanent magnet (71) is separated from the gear (8), the gear (8) resumes free rotation, and the stud (211) is reset to the middle portion flush with the foot screw (6) under the elastic force of the reset spring (9).

2. A total station for water conservancy engineering survey and measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection chamber (3) is a circular cake-shaped empty shell, and the bottom surface of the detection chamber (3) is funnel-shaped. A ball (5) is provided in the detection chamber (3), and the ball (5) rolls freely in the detection chamber (3).

3. A total station for water conservancy engineering survey and measurement according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the detection chamber (3) is recessed downward to form a trigger chamber (4); an elastic membrane (41) is fixedly installed on the top of the trigger chamber (4); a positive electrode sheet (42) is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the elastic membrane (41); a negative electrode sheet (43) is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the trigger chamber (4) below the positive electrode sheet (42); compression springs (44) are provided on the outer sides of the positive electrode sheet (42) and the negative electrode sheet (43); the elastic force of the compression spring (44) is less than the weight of the ball (5); and the two ends of the compression spring (44) are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the elastic membrane (41) and the bottom inner wall of the trigger chamber (4), respectively.

4. A total station for water conservancy engineering survey and measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting block (7) is fixedly installed inside the foot screw (6), and a gear (8) is provided on the end of the mounting block (7) facing the axis of the foot screw (6). The gear (8) is rotatably connected to the mounting block (7), and the gear (8) is engaged with the thread on the side wall of the stud (211). A permanent magnet (71) is provided inside the mounting block (7), and the permanent magnet (71) is slidably connected to the mounting block (7). A tension spring (72) is provided between the permanent magnet (71) and the inner wall of the mounting block (7), and the two ends of the tension spring (72) are respectively fixedly connected to the side walls of the mounting blocks (7) and the side walls of the permanent magnet (71) on both sides. A protrusion that matches the tooth groove shape on the gear (8) is provided on the side of the permanent magnet (71) facing the gear (8). An electromagnet (73) is fixedly installed inside the foot screw (6) outside the permanent magnet (71).

5. The total station for water conservancy engineering survey and measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the return spring (9) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top plate (21), and the bottom end of the return spring (9) is rotatably connected to the top surface of the foot screw (6). A dust cover (91) is provided on the outside of the return spring (9), and the dust cover (91) is in the shape of a telescopic tube. The two ends of the dust cover (91) are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top plate (21) and the top surface of the foot screw (6), respectively.

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