Battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, and particularly discloses a battery pack and a vehicle, the battery pack comprises a shell and a battery cell module located in the shell; the battery cell module comprises battery cell groups which are arranged at intervals along a first direction; the shell comprises a top cover, and the top cover is provided with a liquid inlet, a main oil channel and a plurality of branch channels; wherein the first end of the main oil channel communicates with the liquid inlet, and the main oil channel extends in the first direction; each branch flow channel communicates with the main oil channel and extends in the second direction, and the first direction intersects with the second direction; the sectional area of the branch channel is gradually increased from the first end in the first direction; the top cover is also provided with a plurality of liquid outlet holes communicated with each branch flow channel, and at least part of orthographic projection of each liquid outlet hole towards the interior of the shell is positioned on the battery cell group. Through the structure, the manufacturing cost of the battery pack can be reduced, the cooling uniformity of the battery cell module is improved, the service life of the battery cell is prolonged, and the safety performance is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a battery pack and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] While high-rate fast-charging technology for electric vehicles offers convenience and speed, it also creates significant heat generation and introduces heat dissipation and safety issues. When battery cells are exposed to high temperatures for extended periods, their lifespan is shortened and safety is compromised.

[0003] However, the current thermal management cooling solutions for high-rate fast charging batteries have problems such as uneven cooling and high costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present application provides a battery pack and a vehicle. The battery pack has low cost, can improve cooling uniformity and cooling effect, extend the service life of the battery cell, and enhance safety performance.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted in the present application is: providing a battery pack, which includes a shell and a battery cell module located in the shell; the battery cell module includes a battery cell group arranged at intervals along a first direction; the shell includes a top cover, and the top cover is provided with a liquid inlet, a main oil channel and a plurality of branch channels; wherein, the first end of the main oil channel is connected to the liquid inlet, and the main oil channel extends along the first direction; each branch channel is connected to the main oil channel, and each branch channel extends along the second direction, and the first direction intersects with the second direction; starting from the first end along the first direction, the cross-sectional area of ​​the branch channel gradually increases; the top cover is also provided with a plurality of liquid outlets connected to each branch channel, and the orthographic projection of each liquid outlet toward the shell is at least partially located on the battery cell group.

[0006] The increase ratio of the cross-sectional diameter of the tributary channel is between 1:1 and 1:2.

[0007] Wherein, along the second direction, the aperture of the liquid outlet of each branch channel increases successively.

[0008] Among them, along the second direction away from the main oil channel, the liquid outlet of each branch channel includes a first sub-through hole, a second sub-through hole and a third sub-through hole arranged in sequence, wherein the aperture of the second sub-through hole is 1.5 to 2 times the aperture of the first sub-through hole, and the aperture of the third sub-through hole is 2.5 to 3 times the aperture of the first sub-through hole.

[0009] Wherein, along the second direction, the distance between the two outermost liquid outlet holes of each branch channel is greater than or equal to the length of the battery cell module.

[0010] In which, along the first direction, there is a gap extending along the second direction between each adjacent two battery cell groups, and each branch channel is arranged opposite to the corresponding gap; the width of each branch channel along the first direction is greater than the size of the gap, and the orthographic projection of the width part of each branch channel toward the shell at least partially covers the corresponding battery cell group; the liquid outlet of each branch channel is partially arranged at the position where the orthographic projection of the corresponding branch channel covers the corresponding battery cell group, and partially arranged at the position where the orthographic projection of the corresponding branch channel covers the corresponding gap.

[0011] In which, the shell also includes a box body, the top cover seals the box body, the top cover and the box body together form a receiving space for receiving the battery cell module, and the liquid outlet is connected to the receiving space; the box body includes side walls, the side walls extend along the first direction, and are arranged on opposite sides of the battery cell module along the second direction relative to the main oil channel; the side walls are provided with an oil outlet channel and an oil return hole connected to the oil outlet channel, and the oil return hole is connected to the receiving space; there is a gap extending along the second direction between each two adjacent battery cell groups, the oil return holes correspond to the gaps one by one, and the aperture of each oil return hole is larger than the size of the corresponding gap.

[0012] Among them, the oil outlet channel includes a first sub-channel, a second sub-channel and a third sub-channel, the first sub-channel and the second sub-channel are arranged at intervals along the third direction, and the first sub-channel and the second sub-channel both extend along the first direction, and the third direction intersects with the first direction and the second direction; the third sub-channel is arranged at the end of the side wall away from the first end; the third sub-channel extends along the third direction and connects the first sub-channel and the second sub-channel, and the first sub-channel is connected to the oil return hole; the side wall is also provided with a liquid outlet, the liquid outlet and the liquid inlet are located at the same end of the shell, and the liquid outlet is connected to the second sub-channel.

[0013] Wherein, each battery cell group is further provided with foam on both sides along the first direction, and along the second direction, the size of the foam on each battery cell group decreases successively.

[0014] The present application also includes a second technical solution, which provides a vehicle including the above-mentioned battery pack.

[0015] The present application provides the following beneficial effects: Unlike the prior art, the present application provides a battery pack and a vehicle, wherein the battery pack includes a housing and a cell module located within the housing; the cell module includes cell groups spaced apart along a first direction; the housing includes a top cover, which is provided with a liquid inlet, a main oil channel, and a plurality of branch channels, through which coolant can sequentially pass through the liquid inlet, the main oil channel, and the branch channels to cool the cell module. Specifically, the first end of the main oil channel is connected to the liquid inlet, and the main oil channel extends along a first direction; each branch channel is connected to the main oil channel, and each branch channel extends along a second direction, with the first direction intersecting the second direction. After passing through the liquid inlet, the coolant flows from the first end to the main oil channel and circulates in the main oil channel along the first direction. As the main oil channel flows away from the first end, the flow rate decreases. Therefore, by gradually increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the branch channel from the first end along the first direction, the cross-sectional area of ​​the branch channel near the first end is relatively smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the branch channel away from the first end. The flow rate of the coolant near the first end slows down and can only flow along the main oil channel away from the first end, thereby improving the uniformity of the flow rate. The top cover is also provided with a plurality of liquid outlets connected to each branch channel, and the positive projection of each liquid outlet toward the inside of the shell is at least partially located on the battery cell group, so that the coolant can be sprayed onto the top surface of the battery cell group and then flow into the shell along the side, thereby increasing the cooling area. After the coolant circulates, it can accumulate and immerse the battery cells in the shell, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect. Through the above structure, the production cost of the battery pack can be reduced, the uniformity of the cooling of the battery cell module can be improved, the time the battery cells are in a high temperature state can be reduced, the service life of the battery cells can be extended, and the safety performance can be enhanced. The coolant can immerse the battery cell module through the liquid outlet, thereby increasing the heat dissipation area, reducing thermal resistance, and thus improving the cooling effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive work, among which:

[0017] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of an embodiment of a battery pack of the present application, wherein the battery pack includes a housing and a cell module, wherein the housing includes a top cover and a box body;

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the local structure;

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle top cover;

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle box;

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle side wall;

[0022] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the CEC core module from a top-down perspective;

[0023] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the CEC cell module from the front view.

[0024] Figure numbers: 10, battery pack; 1, shell; 11, top cover; 111, liquid inlet; 112, main oil channel; 1121, first end; 113, branch channel; 114, liquid outlet; 1141, first sub-through hole; 1142, second sub-through hole; 1143, third sub-through hole; 12, box body; 121, side wall; 122, receiving space; 123, oil outlet channel; 1231, first sub-channel; 1232, second sub-channel; 1233, third sub-channel; 124, oil return hole; 125, liquid outlet; 2, battery cell module; 21, battery cell group; 22, gap; 23, foam; 3, insulating sheet; 4, end plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It will be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, rather than to limit the present application. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only some, rather than all, structures related to the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0027] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically specified.

[0028] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections, electrical connections, or mutual communication; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; they can refer to internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 yes Figure 1Schematic diagram of a partial structure. In one aspect of the present application, a battery pack 10 is provided, which includes a shell 1 and a battery cell module 2 located in the shell 1; the battery cell module 2 includes battery cell groups 21 spaced apart along a first direction D1; the shell 1 includes a top cover 11, and the top cover 11 is provided with a liquid inlet 111, a main oil channel 112 and a plurality of branch channels 113, and the coolant can pass through the liquid inlet 111, the main oil channel 112, the branch channels 113 in sequence and cool the battery cell module 2. Specifically, the first end 1121 of the main oil channel 112 is connected to the liquid inlet 111, and the main oil channel 112 extends along the first direction D1; each branch channel 113 is connected to the main oil channel 112, and each branch channel 113 extends along the second direction D2, and the first direction D1 intersects with the second direction D2. After passing through the liquid inlet 111, the coolant flows from the first end 1121 to the main oil channel 112 and circulates in the main oil channel 112 along the first direction D1. As the main oil channel 112 flows away from the first end 1121, the flow rate becomes smaller. Therefore, by gradually increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the branch channel 113 along the first direction D1 from the first end 1121, the cross-sectional area of ​​the branch channel 113 near the first end 1121 is relatively smaller than that of the branch channel 113 away from the first end 1121. The cross-sectional area of ​​the battery pack 13 is 13. The coolant flow rate slows near the first end 1121 and can only flow along the main oil channel 112 away from the first end 1121, thereby improving flow uniformity. The top cover 11 is also provided with a plurality of outlet holes 114 connected to each branch channel 113. The orthographic projection of each outlet hole 114 into the housing 1 is at least partially located on the battery cell group 21. This allows the coolant to spray onto the top surface of the battery cell group 21 and then flow along the side into the housing 1, increasing the cooling area. After circulation, the coolant can accumulate and immerse the battery cells in the housing 1, improving the heat dissipation effect. This structure can reduce the manufacturing cost of the battery pack 10, improve the uniformity of the cooling of the battery cell module 2, reduce the time that the battery cells are exposed to high temperatures, extend the service life of the battery cells, and enhance safety performance. The coolant can immerse the battery cell module 2 through the outlet holes 114, and then achieve self-convection heat dissipation through the upper and lower temperature differences of the coolant and its own weight, achieving a uniform temperature difference within the battery pack 10. It should be noted that both the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 are directions away from the first end 1121 .

[0030] Furthermore, the main oil channel 112 is located on one side of the top cover 11, and all the branch channels 113 are distributed on the other side of the top cover 11, so that the coolant can flow into the branch channels 113 in the same direction, improving the smoothness of the coolant circulation. The liquid outlet 114 is located on the side of the top cover 11 facing the interior of the housing 1 and corresponds to the branch channels 113. In a specific embodiment, please combine Figure 6 , Figure 6 yes Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of the central cell module from a top view shows that the diameter of the liquid outlet 114 can be slightly larger than the gap 22 between two adjacent cell groups 21. This allows the coolant to spray onto the top surface of the cell group and flow along the sides, increasing the heat dissipation area, reducing thermal resistance, lowering the maximum cell temperature, and improving the cooling effect. Simply by designing the liquid inlet 111, main oil channel 112, branch channel 113, and liquid outlet 114 on the top cover 11, uniform cooling of the cell module 2 is achieved, reducing the manufacturing cost of the battery pack 10.

[0031] During use, the coolant flows into the main oil channel 112 through the liquid inlet 111 in a first direction D1, then enters the branch channel 113 in a second direction D2, and is then sprayed onto the battery cell assembly 21 through the liquid outlet 114, dissipating heat and cooling the battery cell module 2, before finally flowing out from the interior of the housing 1. Because the flow resistance decreases and the flow rate increases as the cell approaches the first end 1121 and the liquid inlet 111, the cross-sectional area of ​​the branch channel 113 gradually increases in a direction away from the first end 1121 to reduce the flow resistance and increase the flow rate away from the first end 1121. This improves the uniformity of the flow rate and the cooling effect, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell and enhancing safety performance.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present application, the cross-sectional diameter of the branch channel 113 is increased at a ratio of 1:1 to 1:2, thereby increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the branch channel 113 located at the rear in the first direction D1, thereby increasing the coolant flow rate, making it close to or equal to the flow rate of the front branch channel 113, improving the uniformity of the coolant flow rate, and thus improving the uniformity of cooling. It should be noted that the ratio of 1:1 to 1:2 is a value derived from theoretical calculations and practical experience. Of course, in another embodiment, the ratio of the cross-sectional diameter of the branch channel 113 can also be adjusted according to actual conditions, which will not be further described here.

[0033] Specifically, along the first direction D1, the branch channel 113 is located between two battery cell groups 21. Assuming that the number of battery cell groups 21 is n, the number of branch channels 113 is (n-1). In one specific embodiment, the number of battery cell groups 21 can be 14, and correspondingly, the number of branch channels 113 is 13. Starting from the first end 1121 and along the first direction D1, the cross-sectional diameters of the branch channels 113 are 5mm, 5.2mm, 5.4mm, 5.6mm, 6mm, 6.6mm, 8mm, 8.2mm, 8.4mm, 8.6mm, 9mm, 9.2mm, and 9.6mm, respectively, with a ratio of 1:1 to 1:1.8. Of course, in another specific embodiment, the cross-section of the branch channel 113 can also be rectangular or other shapes, and its width gradually increases along the first direction D1 to achieve the effect of improving the uniformity of the coolant flow.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present application, along the second direction D2, the aperture of the liquid outlet 114 of each branch channel 113 increases sequentially to improve the uniformity of the flow rate.

[0035] Specifically, the closer to the first end 1121 and the liquid inlet 111, the smaller the flow resistance and the greater the flow rate. Therefore, by increasing the aperture of the liquid outlet 114 away from the first end 1121, the flow resistance can be reduced and the flow rate can be increased, so that the flow rate of the coolant is uniform and the cooling uniformity is improved.

[0036] Further, please continue to combine Figure 3 , Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle top cover. Along the second direction D2, away from the main oil channel 112, the liquid outlet 114 of each branch channel 113 includes a first sub-through hole 1141, a second sub-through hole 1142, and a third sub-through hole 1143 arranged in sequence. The first sub-through hole 1141, the second sub-through hole 1142, and the third sub-through hole 1143 are arranged in sequence along the second direction D2. The diameter of the second sub-through hole 1142 is 1.5 to 2 times the diameter of the first sub-through hole 1141, and the diameter of the third sub-through hole 1143 is 2.5 to 3 times the diameter of the first sub-through hole 1141.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the interval between two adjacent battery cell groups 21 can be 3 mm, and the aperture of the first sub-through hole 1141 can be 2 mm, slightly smaller than 3 mm, so that the coolant can be sprayed on the large surfaces opposite to each other of the two battery cell groups 21; the aperture of the second sub-through hole 1142 can be 4 mm, which can ensure that the coolant submerges the battery cell group 21 and improve the cooling effect; the aperture of the third sub-through hole 1143 can be 5 mm. By increasing the aperture of the second sub-through hole 1142 and the third sub-through hole 1143 to reduce the flow resistance, the flow rate of the coolant can be increased, thereby improving the uniformity of the flow rate.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present application, along the second direction D2, the distance between the two outermost liquid outlets 114 on each branch channel 113 is greater than or equal to the length of the battery cell module 2, so as to include the battery cell module 2 within the spray range of the coolant, thereby improving or avoiding the situation where the coolant does not completely immerse the battery cell module 2, thereby increasing the temperature difference.

[0039] Specifically, it can also be understood that the span of the liquid outlet 114 along the first direction is greater than or equal to the length of the battery cell module 2. In one specific embodiment, the length of the battery cell module 2 can be 590 mm, the length of the branch channel 113 can be 595 mm, and the span of the liquid outlet 114 can be 593 mm, so that the battery cell module 2 is within the spray range of the coolant.

[0040] In one embodiment of this application, please combine Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 6 Along the first direction D1, a gap 22 extending along the second direction D2 is defined between each adjacent battery cell group 21. Each branch channel 113 is disposed directly opposite the corresponding gap 22. The width of each branch channel 113 along the first direction D1 is greater than the size of the gap 22, so that the coolant can be sprayed directly from the liquid outlet 114 onto the top surface of the battery cell group 21 or into the gap 22. The orthographic projection of the width portion of each branch channel 113 toward the interior of the housing 1 at least partially covers the corresponding battery cell group 21. The liquid outlet 114 of each branch channel 113 is partially disposed where the orthographic projection of the corresponding branch channel 113 covers the corresponding battery cell group 21, and partially disposed where the orthographic projection of the corresponding branch channel 113 covers the corresponding gap 22. This ensures that the battery cell group 21 is within the spray range of the coolant, thereby improving cooling uniformity.

[0041] Specifically, the centerline of each branch channel 113 along the second direction D2 can coincide with the centerline of the corresponding gap 22, so that the branch channel 113 can be located above the corresponding gap 22. The provision of the liquid outlet 114 allows the coolant to be sprayed directly onto the top surface of the battery cell group 21 and flow from top to bottom along the side, increasing the heat dissipation area. Alternatively, the coolant can flow directly from top to bottom within the gap 22, thereby achieving self-convection heat dissipation through the upper and lower temperature differences and the coolant's own weight, and achieving a uniform temperature difference within the battery pack 10. The coolant can also accumulate within the housing 1 to immerse the battery cell group 21, improving the cooling effect.

[0042] Furthermore, the bottom of the liquid outlet 114 can be directly opposite the gap 22 and have a certain safety distance from the top of the battery cell group 21 to facilitate aluminum bar welding, module collection unit layout, etc. Due to the existence of the safety distance, the coolant can also cool the battery cell poles, welded aluminum bars, module collection units and other structures.

[0043] Even in the case of thermal runaway, the battery pack 10 of the embodiment of the present application can quickly melt the liquid outlet 114 of the top cover 11 through the high-temperature gas or high-temperature solid ejected from the battery cell module 2, so that the aperture of the liquid outlet 114 becomes larger and the flow rate is increased, so that the coolant in the branch channel 113 can be directly poured into the interior of the shell 1 to cool the battery cell module 2, thereby increasing the cooling speed, thereby improving or avoiding the occurrence of heat diffusion and improving safety.

[0044] Please continue to combine Figure 4-6 , Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle box; Figure 5 yes Figure 4Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle side wall. In one embodiment of the present application, the housing 1 also includes a box body 12, and the top cover 11 seals the box body 12. The top cover 11 and the box body 12 together form a receiving space 122 for accommodating the battery cell module 2. The liquid outlet 114 is connected to the receiving space 122 to facilitate the spraying of coolant onto the battery cell module 2. The box body 12 includes a side wall 121, which extends along the first direction D1 and is arranged on opposite sides of the battery cell module 2 along the second direction D2 relative to the main oil channel 112. The side wall 121 is provided with an oil outlet channel 123 and an oil return hole 124 connected to the oil outlet channel 123, and the oil return hole 124 is connected to the receiving space 122. A gap 22 extending along the second direction D2 is defined between each adjacent battery cell group 21. The oil return holes 124 correspond to the gaps 22 one by one, and the aperture of each oil return hole 124 is larger than the size of the corresponding gap 22 to ensure that coolant can enter the oil return hole 124 from the gap 22.

[0045] Specifically, the coolant enters the main oil channel 112 from the liquid inlet 111 on one side of the cell module 2, then flows into the branch channel 113 from the main oil channel 112 and is sprayed into the gap 22 through the liquid outlet 114, cooling the cell module 2. The coolant then flows through the gap 22 into the oil return hole 124 on the other side of the cell module 2, and finally flows out of the oil outlet channel 123. This structure enables unidirectional flow of the coolant, improving heat dissipation efficiency and cooling effectiveness. In one embodiment, the diameter of each oil return hole 124 is the same to simplify the process and achieve uniform flow. If the gap 22 is 3 mm, the diameter of the oil return hole 124 can be 4 mm, thereby improving or preventing blockage of the oil return hole 124 due to cell dimensional tolerances or assembly tolerances. In another embodiment, the oil return hole 124 can be rectangular or a quadrilateral with rounded corners, with its width along the first direction D1 greater than the gap size. In other embodiments, the oil return hole 124 can have other shapes. To prevent the structural glue at the bottom of the battery cell from overflowing and blocking the oil return hole 124, the height of the oil return hole 124 from the bottom of the receiving space 122 is greater than or equal to 5 mm. It should be noted that 5 mm is the maximum height of the glue overflow after the glue is applied to the bottom of the battery cell.

[0046] Furthermore, the oil outlet channel 123 includes a first sub-channel 1231, a second sub-channel 1232 and a third sub-channel 1233. The first sub-channel 1231 and the second sub-channel 1232 are spaced apart along the third direction D3, and the first sub-channel 1231 and the second sub-channel 1232 both extend along the first direction D1, and the third direction D3 intersects with the first direction D1 and the second direction D2; the third sub-channel 1233 is arranged at the end of the side wall 121 away from the first end 1121, and connects the first sub-channel 1231 and the second sub-channel 1232. The first sub-channel 1231 is connected to the oil return hole 124. The side wall 121 is also provided with a liquid outlet 125. The liquid outlet 125 and the liquid inlet 111 are located at the same end of the shell 1, and the liquid outlet 125 is connected to the second sub-channel 1232.

[0047] In this embodiment of the present application, in the third direction D3, the first sub-channel 1231 is located below the second sub-channel 1232 and connects to the second sub-channel 1232 via the third sub-channel 1233, which is located further away from the first end 1121. After the coolant flows through the oil return hole 124 and converges with the first sub-channel 1231, it flows through the third sub-channel 1233 into the second sub-channel 1232 and then out of the liquid outlet 125. This structure extends the distance the coolant travels out of the housing 1, making it substantially similar to the distance the coolant travels into the housing 1 through the liquid inlet 111, thereby achieving flow uniformity and improving heat dissipation performance.

[0048] Please continue to combine Figure 7 , Figure 7 yes Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present application, each battery cell group 21 is further provided with foam 23 on both sides along the first direction D1.

[0049] Specifically, the two foams 23 and the large surfaces of the two adjacent battery cell groups 21 can be enclosed to form a cooling channel for the circulation of coolant. The coolant is sprayed into the cooling channel through the liquid outlet 114 and flows to the bottom surface of the receiving space 122 under the action of gravity. Along the direction of gravity, the length of the foam 23 is smaller than the size of the side of the battery cell group 21, so as to form a flow channel for the coolant to circulate, reduce the impact on the cycle life of the battery cell, and eliminate the interference and damage to the flow channel caused by the rounded corners of the battery cell. After the coolant reaches the bottom surface of the receiving space 122, it can flow along the gap 22 of the battery cell group 21 to the oil return hole 124, and then flow out from the oil outlet channel 123 and the liquid outlet 125.

[0050] Furthermore, along the second direction D2 , the size of the foam 23 on each battery cell group 21 decreases sequentially to reduce flow resistance, increase flow away from the first end 1121 , and achieve flow uniformity.

[0051] Furthermore, foam 23 is also provided on opposite sides of the cell module 2 along the second direction D2 to cushion impacts from the box 12 or the outside world. Insulation sheets 3 and end plates 4 are also provided on opposite sides of the cell module 2 along the first direction D1 to provide insulation and protection.

[0052] The battery pack 10 of the embodiment of the present application can achieve full immersion of the battery cells through the design of spray immersion. At the same time, the top cover 11 is integrated with the main oil channel 112, the branch channel 113 and the liquid inlet 111, and the main oil channel 112 and the branch channel 113 are divided into areas, which can achieve uniform flow of each battery cell group 21. The form of the coolant entering from the top and exiting from the bottom and the foam 23 being arranged on both sides of the large surface of the battery cell can make full use of the large surface of the battery cell and the effect of its own weight, and avoid local flow channel short circuit caused by the rounded corners of the battery cell edges. When the coolant circulation water pump is not turned on, self-convection can be formed by the temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the coolant, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance and beneficial heat diffusion inhibition. The battery pack 10 has a simple sealing design, no components such as cold plates, low cost, and simple assembly.

[0053] On the other hand, the present application further provides a vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned battery pack 10. Specifically, since the vehicle includes the battery pack 10 described in the above embodiment, it also has the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned battery pack 10, which will not be repeated here.

[0054] It should be noted that terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or vertical, but rather that they may be slightly tilted. Terms such as "parallel" and "perpendicular" do not imply that components are absolutely parallel or perpendicular to each other, but rather that they may form a certain angular deviation. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but rather that it may be slightly tilted. Furthermore, terms such as "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inside," "outside," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise" indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships typically used when the products of this application are used. These terms are intended solely to facilitate the description of the embodiments of this application and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0055] It is understood that the meaning of "plurality" herein is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless there is a special limitation. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally also includes steps or units that are not listed, or optionally also includes other steps or units that are inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. The term "and / or" is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0056] The above description is only an implementation method of the present application and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the description and drawings of this application, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that: It comprises a housing (1) and a battery core module (2) located in the housing (1); The battery cell module (2) comprises battery cell groups (21) spaced apart along a first direction; The housing (1) comprises a top cover (11), wherein the top cover (11) is provided with a liquid inlet (111), a main oil channel (112) and a plurality of branch channels (113); wherein, The first end (1121) of the main oil channel (112) is in communication with the liquid inlet (111), and the main oil channel (112) extends along the first direction; Each of the branch channels (113) is in communication with the main oil channel (112), and each of the branch channels (113) extends along a second direction, wherein the first direction intersects the second direction; Starting from the first end (1121) and along the first direction, the cross-sectional area of ​​the branch channel (113) gradually increases; The top cover (11) is further provided with a plurality of liquid outlet holes (114) in communication with each of the branch channels (113), and the orthographic projection of each of the liquid outlet holes (114) toward the inside of the housing (1) is at least partially located on the battery cell group (21).

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The increase ratio of the cross-sectional diameter of the branch channel (113) is between 1:1 and 1:

2.

3. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: Along the second direction, the aperture of the liquid outlet (114) of each branch channel (113) increases sequentially.

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, wherein: Along the second direction away from the main oil channel (112), the liquid outlet (114) of each branch channel (113) includes a first sub-through hole (1141), a second sub-through hole (1142), and a third sub-through hole (1143) arranged in sequence, wherein the aperture of the second sub-through hole (1142) is 1.5 to 2 times the aperture of the first sub-through hole (1141), and the aperture of the third sub-through hole (1143) is 2.5 to 3 times the aperture of the first sub-through hole (1141).

5. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: Along the second direction, the distance between the two liquid outlet holes (114) at the outermost ends of each branch channel (113) is greater than or equal to the length of the battery module (2).

6. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: Along the first direction, there is a gap (22) extending along the second direction between each two adjacent battery cell groups (21); Each of the branch channels (113) is arranged opposite to the corresponding gap (22); The width of each branch channel (113) along the first direction is greater than the size of the gap (22), and the orthographic projection of the width portion of each branch channel (113) toward the inside of the housing (1) at least partially covers the corresponding battery cell group (21); The liquid outlet (114) of each branch channel (113) is partially arranged at a position where the orthographic projection of the corresponding branch channel (113) covers the corresponding battery cell group (21), and is partially arranged at a position where the orthographic projection of the corresponding branch channel (113) covers the corresponding gap.

7. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The housing (1) further comprises a box body (12), the top cover (11) sealingly covers the box body (12), the top cover (11) and the box body (12) together forming a receiving space (122) for receiving the battery module (2), and the liquid outlet (114) is in communication with the receiving space (122); The box body (12) includes side walls (121), the side walls (121) extending along the first direction and arranged opposite to the main oil channel (112) on two opposite sides of the battery module (2) along the second direction; An oil outlet channel (123) and an oil return hole (124) communicating with the oil outlet channel (123) are provided on the side wall (121), and the oil return hole (124) is communicated with the receiving space (122); A gap (22) extending along the second direction is provided between each two adjacent battery cell groups (21); the oil return holes (124) correspond to the gaps (22) one by one, and the diameter of each oil return hole (124) is larger than the size of the corresponding gap (22).

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that: The oil outlet channel (123) includes a first sub-channel (1231), a second sub-channel (1232) and a third sub-channel (1233); The first sub-channel (1231) and the second sub-channel (1232) are spaced apart along a third direction, and both the first sub-channel (1231) and the second sub-channel (1232) extend along the first direction, and the third direction intersects both the first direction and the second direction; The third sub-channel (1233) is provided at an end of the side wall (121) away from the first end (1121); the third sub-channel (1233) extends along the third direction and connects the first sub-channel (1231) and the second sub-channel (1232); the first sub-channel (1231) is connected to the oil return hole (124); The side wall (121) is further provided with a liquid outlet (125), the liquid outlet (125) and the liquid inlet (111) are located at the same end of the shell (1), and the liquid outlet (125) is connected to the second sub-channel (1232).

9. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: Each battery cell group (21) is further provided with foam (23) on both sides along the first direction, and along the second direction, the size of the foam (23) on each battery cell group (21) decreases sequentially.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: A battery pack comprising the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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