Heat pump type battery thermal management system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a heat pump type battery thermal management system, relates to battery thermal management technical field, including compressor, refrigerant pipeline, antifreeze fluid pipeline and battery pack liquid cooling plate, compressor is connected with four-way valve, compressor outside is connected refrigerant pipeline, the refrigerant pipeline is equipped with condenser and plate heat exchanger inside, the antifreeze fluid pipeline is equipped with antifreeze fluid, battery pack liquid cooling plate is equipped with antifreeze fluid. A condensation fan is installed outside the condenser, and an expansion valve is installed in the refrigerant pipeline on the inlet side of the plate heat exchanger. Compared with a traditional hydrothermal PTC and battery heating film, the heat pump system provides higher energy efficiency through heat transfer, reduces energy consumption and operation cost, can be switched between a refrigeration mode and a heating mode, can effectively reduce temperature, can preheat a battery pack in a low-temperature environment, flexibly adapts to different requirements, and is integrated with a battery management system, so that the heat pump system is convenient to use. The heat pump system can achieve accurate temperature control, improve the overall efficiency and maintain the battery performance under various environmental conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery thermal management, in particular to a heat pump type battery thermal management system. Background Art

[0002] Battery thermal management is key to ensuring that batteries operate within the optimal temperature range, directly affecting performance and lifespan. Winter battery preheating is an important step in battery thermal management, especially in low-temperature environments, where battery performance can significantly decline. Current winter battery preheating solutions include hydrothermal PTC and battery heating film. Both methods have high energy consumption and low energy efficiency. Generally, PTC electric heating is used for preheating, but the input power is comparable to the output preheating power, resulting in poor economic benefits. Therefore, this utility model proposes a heat pump-type battery thermal management system to address the problems mentioned in the above background technology. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to reduce the total power consumption of the system tube and improve the energy efficiency ratio of the product, and a heat pump type battery thermal management system is proposed.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A heat pump battery thermal management system includes a compressor, a refrigerant pipeline, an antifreeze pipeline, and a battery pack liquid cold plate. The compressor is connected to a four-way valve. The compressor is externally connected to a refrigerant pipeline. A condenser and a plate heat exchanger are installed in the refrigerant pipeline. A condensing fan is installed externally of the condenser. An expansion valve is installed in the refrigerant pipeline on the inlet side of the plate heat exchanger. In cooling mode, the compressor compresses the refrigerant, which flows to the condenser through the four-way valve. After condensation, it enters the plate heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the antifreeze to reduce the temperature of the battery pack. In heating mode, the four-way valve switches the refrigerant flow direction, and the compressor guides the refrigerant to the plate heat exchanger, heating the antifreeze to increase the temperature of the battery pack.

[0006] The battery pack liquid cooling plate is externally connected to an antifreeze pipeline, which is connected to a plate heat exchanger. An electronic water pump is installed externally on the antifreeze pipeline, and an expansion water tank is connected to a water inlet on one side of the antifreeze pipeline. The electronic water pump is responsible for circulating the antifreeze to ensure the flow of the liquid within the system and improve the heat exchange efficiency. The expansion water tank is used to replenish and regulate the antifreeze in the system to avoid liquid expansion or contraction due to temperature changes.

[0007] Preferably, a one-way valve is installed at the connection between the compressor outlet and port a of the four-way valve, and a low-pressure charging valve is installed in the internal circuit of the compressor. The one-way valve ensures that the refrigerant can only flow toward the four-way valve to prevent the refrigerant from flowing back when it is not needed. The low-pressure charging valve is used to replenish refrigerant into the compressor or to exhaust air during maintenance. It allows operation at low pressure to avoid damage to the system.

[0008] Preferably, a dry liquid reservoir located between the condenser and the expansion valve is installed in the refrigerant pipeline, and a high-pressure charging valve located between the dry liquid reservoir and the condenser is installed in the refrigerant pipeline. The dry liquid reservoir removes moisture and impurities from the refrigerant to prevent damage to the system. It can store excess liquid refrigerant to ensure the stability of the system operation. The high-pressure charging valve is used to charge the system with refrigerant during system operation or maintenance, or to perform pressure testing.

[0009] Preferably, a one-way valve is installed in the refrigerant pipeline on the outlet side of the plate heat exchanger, and the one-way valve ensures that the refrigerant can only flow in one direction to prevent backflow.

[0010] Preferably, water temperature sensors are installed in the antifreeze pipelines at the water inlet and outlet of the battery pack liquid cooling plate, and the water temperature sensors are installed at the water inlet and outlet of the antifreeze pipelines to monitor the temperature of the antifreeze in real time.

[0011] Preferably, a drain ball valve and a ball valve are installed in sequence in the antifreeze pipeline on the water outlet side of the battery pack liquid cold plate, and a section of pipeline is connected between the expansion water tank inlet and the antifreeze pipeline, and the water inlet of the pipeline is connected to the antifreeze pipeline between the drain ball valve and the ball valve. The drain ball valve is used to drain water and discharge the antifreeze in the pipeline, and the other ball valve is used to control the flow of antifreeze and can be quickly opened or closed when needed. The expansion water tank is used to store and regulate the antifreeze in the cooling system to maintain the system pressure and liquid level stable. A section of pipeline connecting the expansion water tank inlet and the antifreeze pipeline allows the antifreeze to enter and exit.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0013] 1. In the cooling mode of the heat pump system of the utility model, the four-way valves ab and cd are open, and the compressor compresses the refrigerated air into the condenser for heat dissipation and condensation. The condensed high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the expansion valve and enters the plate heat exchanger for evaporation and heat absorption. That is, the circulating water system circulates the heat of the battery pack to the plate heat exchanger for heat exchange and cooling, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling the battery pack;

[0014] 2. In the cooling mode of the heat pump system of the utility model, the four-way valves ad and bc are turned on, the compressor compresses the refrigerant and enters the plate heat exchanger. The circulating water system circulates the low-temperature antifreeze of the battery pack to the plate heat exchanger for heating, thereby achieving the purpose of preheating the battery pack. The refrigerant condensed in the plate heat exchanger is throttled and reduced in pressure by the electronic expansion valve and then enters the condenser for evaporation. The evaporated gaseous refrigerant returns to the compressor to enter the next round of compression cycle.

[0015] In summary, compared with traditional hydrothermal PTC and battery heating films, the heat pump system in this design provides higher energy efficiency through heat transfer, reducing energy consumption and operating costs. The system can switch between cooling and heating modes, which can not only effectively cool down but also preheat the battery pack in a low-temperature environment, flexibly adapting to different needs. When integrated with the battery management system, the heat pump system can achieve precise temperature control, improve overall efficiency, maintain battery performance under various environmental conditions, and ensure the normal operation of the battery in extreme weather. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of a heat pump type battery thermal management system proposed in the utility model.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Compressor; 2. Four-way valve; 3. Condenser; 4. Condensing fan; 5. Expansion valve; 6. Plate heat exchanger; 7. Refrigerant pipeline; 8. Electronic water pump; 9. Expansion water tank; 10. Antifreeze pipeline; 11. Battery pack liquid cooling plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0019] Reference Figure 1A heat pump type battery thermal management system includes a compressor 1, a refrigerant pipeline 7, an antifreeze pipeline 10 and a battery pack liquid cold plate 11. The compressor 1 is connected to a four-way valve 2. The outside of the compressor 1 is connected to the refrigerant pipeline 7. The four-way valve 2 has four interfaces a, b, c, and d. The a port of the four-way valve 2 is connected to the outlet of the compressor 1, the b port of the four-way valve 2 is connected to one end of the refrigerant pipeline 7, the c port of the four-way valve 2 is connected to the return line of the compressor 1, and the d port of the four-way valve 2 is connected to the other end of the refrigerant pipeline 7. A condenser is installed in the refrigerant pipeline 7. condenser 3 and plate heat exchanger 6. A condensing fan 4 is installed outside the condenser 3. An expansion valve 5 is installed in the refrigerant pipeline 7 on the inlet side of the plate heat exchanger 6. In cooling mode, the compressor 1 compresses the refrigerant, and the refrigerant flows to the condenser 3 through the four-way valve 2. After condensation, it enters the plate heat exchanger 6 and exchanges heat with the antifreeze to reduce the temperature of the battery pack. In heating mode, the four-way valve 2 switches the refrigerant flow direction, and the compressor 1 guides the refrigerant to the plate heat exchanger 6, heating the antifreeze to increase the temperature of the battery pack.

[0020] Furthermore, the battery pack liquid cold plate 11 is externally connected to the antifreeze pipeline 10, and the antifreeze pipeline 10 is connected to the plate heat exchanger 6. An electronic water pump 8 is installed outside the antifreeze pipeline 10, and the water inlet on one side of the antifreeze pipeline 10 is connected to the expansion water tank 9. The electronic water pump 8 is responsible for circulating the antifreeze to ensure the flow of liquid in the system and improve the heat exchange efficiency. The expansion water tank 9 is used to replenish and adjust the antifreeze in the system to avoid liquid expansion or contraction caused by temperature changes. In addition, this management system also includes a unit controller, sensors (temperature, pressure sensors) and a unit wiring harness. The unit controller, sensors and unit wiring harness constitute the electrical and electrical control circuit of this system. The compressor 1, four-way valve 2, condenser 3, condensing fan 4, expansion valve 5, plate heat exchanger 6 and refrigerant pipeline 7 are connected end to end to form a compression refrigeration circuit. The electronic water pump 8, expansion water tank 9, antifreeze pipeline 10 and battery pack liquid cold plate 11 constitute the battery pack heat exchange circulation water circuit.

[0021] Furthermore, a one-way valve is installed at the connection between the compressor 1 outlet and the port a of the four-way valve 2, and a low-pressure charging valve is installed in the internal circuit of the compressor 1. The one-way valve ensures that the refrigerant can only flow to the four-way valve 2 to prevent the refrigerant from flowing back when it is not needed. The low-pressure charging valve is used to add refrigerant to the compressor 1 or to exhaust air during maintenance. It allows operation at low pressure to avoid damage to the system. A dry liquid reservoir is installed in the refrigerant pipeline 7 between the condenser 3 and the expansion valve 5, and a high-pressure charging valve is installed in the refrigerant pipeline 7 between the dry liquid reservoir and the condenser 3. The dry liquid reservoir removes moisture and impurities in the refrigerant to prevent damage to the system. It can store excess liquid refrigerant to ensure the stability of the system operation. The high-pressure charging valve is used to charge the system with refrigerant during system operation or maintenance, or to perform pressure testing;

[0022] Furthermore, a one-way valve is installed in the refrigerant pipe 7 on the outlet side of the plate heat exchanger 6. The one-way valve ensures that the refrigerant can only flow in one direction to prevent backflow. Water temperature sensors are installed in the antifreeze pipe 10 at the water inlet and outlet of the battery pack liquid cold plate 11. The water temperature sensors are installed at the water inlet and outlet of the antifreeze pipe 10 to monitor the temperature of the antifreeze in real time. A drain ball valve and a ball valve are installed in the antifreeze pipe 10 on the outlet side of the battery pack liquid cold plate 11 in sequence, and the inlet of the expansion tank 9 is connected to the antifreeze pipe 1 0, the water inlet of the pipeline is connected to the drain ball valve and the antifreeze pipeline 10 between the ball valves. The drain ball valve is used to drain water and discharge the antifreeze in the pipeline to facilitate maintenance and cleaning of the system. Another ball valve is used to control the flow of antifreeze and can be quickly opened or closed when needed. The expansion tank 9 is used to store and regulate the antifreeze in the cooling system to maintain the system pressure and liquid level stable. A section of pipeline connecting the inlet of the expansion tank 9 and the antifreeze pipeline 10 allows the antifreeze to enter and exit, thereby balancing the liquid level of the system.

[0023] The above is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and utility model concept of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat pump type battery thermal management system, comprising a compressor (1), a refrigerant pipeline (7), an antifreeze pipeline (10) and a battery pack liquid cooling plate (11), characterized in that: The compressor (1) is connected to a four-way valve (2), and the outside of the compressor (1) is connected to a refrigerant pipeline (7). The four-way valve (2) has four interfaces a, b, c, and d. The a port of the four-way valve (2) is connected to the outlet of the compressor (1), the b port of the four-way valve (2) is connected to one end of the refrigerant pipeline (7), the c port of the four-way valve (2) is connected to the compressor (1) circuit, and the d port of the four-way valve (2) is connected to the other end of the refrigerant pipeline (7). A condenser (3) and a plate heat exchanger (6) are installed in the refrigerant pipeline (7). A condensing fan (4) is installed outside the condenser (3), and an expansion valve (5) is installed in the refrigerant pipeline (7) on the inlet side of the plate heat exchanger (6); The battery pack liquid cooling plate (11) is externally connected to an antifreeze pipeline (10), the antifreeze pipeline (10) is in communication with a plate heat exchanger (6), an electronic water pump (8) is externally installed on the antifreeze pipeline (10), and a water inlet on one side of the antifreeze pipeline (10) is connected to an expansion water tank (9).

2. The heat pump type battery thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A one-way valve is installed at the connection between the compressor (1) outlet and the port a of the four-way valve (2), and a low-pressure filling valve is installed in the internal circuit of the compressor (1).

3. The heat pump type battery thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dry liquid storage device located between the condenser (3) and the expansion valve (5) is installed in the refrigerant pipeline (7), and a high-pressure filling valve located between the dry liquid storage device and the condenser (3) is installed in the refrigerant pipeline (7).

4. The heat pump type battery thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A one-way valve is installed in the refrigerant pipeline (7) on the outlet side of the plate heat exchanger (6).

5. The heat pump type battery thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Water temperature sensors are installed in the antifreeze liquid pipelines (10) at the water inlet and the water outlet of the battery pack liquid cooling plate (11).

6. The heat pump type battery thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drain ball valve and a ball valve are sequentially installed in the antifreeze liquid pipeline (10) on the water outlet side of the battery pack liquid cooling plate (11).

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