Series-parallel attenuation arc extinguishing structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a series-parallel attenuation arc-extinguishing structure, which comprises an auxiliary arc-extinguishing chamber, a main arc-extinguishing chamber and a capacitor chamber, an upper main electrode is arranged at the upper end of the main arc-extinguishing chamber, an umbrella-shaped metal main board is arranged above the upper end of the main arc-extinguishing chamber, and the lower surface of the center of the umbrella-shaped metal main board is fixed at the upper end of the main arc-extinguishing chamber through the upper main electrode. A plurality of auxiliary arc extinguish chambers are connected in parallel to the center and the periphery of the center of the umbrella-shaped metal main board, upper auxiliary electrodes and lower auxiliary electrodes are arranged at the top ends and the bottom ends of the auxiliary arc extinguish chambers respectively, and umbrella-shaped metal auxiliary boards parallel to the umbrella-shaped metal main board are arranged above the top ends of the auxiliary arc extinguish chambers. A plurality of lightning electrodes are evenly arranged on the upper surface of the umbrella-shaped metal auxiliary plate, the top end of the auxiliary arc extinguish chamber is connected with the lower surface of the umbrella-shaped metal auxiliary plate through an upper auxiliary electrode, and the lower end of the auxiliary arc extinguish chamber is connected to the umbrella-shaped metal main plate through a lower auxiliary electrode. According to the utility model, the attenuation strength to the amplitude and gradient of lightning current can be improved, and the damage of the electro-hydraulic effect to the arc extinguishing structure can be eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of lightning protection, in particular to a series-parallel attenuation arc extinguishing structure. Background Art

[0002] Lightning in nature has always been one of the main factors that endanger the safe and stable operation of power systems. Once power transmission links such as transmission lines, transformers, and substations are damaged by lightning, it is very easy to cause large-scale power outages, causing losses and inconvenience to social production and people's lives. Therefore, reliable lightning protection measures are particularly important for power systems and power supply networks. Currently, the main lightning protection measures include installing lightning rods and lightning arresters, erecting lightning conductors, increasing the resistance of the ground grid, and strengthening the insulation strength. Among them, the installation of lightning rods and lightning arresters is the most widely used. However, the protection range of general lightning rods is limited and can only provide protection in a specific area. They cannot prevent lightning strikes caused by the upward leader exceeding the protection range, nor can they shield lightning strikes occurring in the center of the overhead line span. It is difficult to eliminate the secondary damage caused by the back-strike overvoltage after the lightning strike. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a series-parallel attenuation arc extinguishing structure, which can improve the attenuation effect of the lightning current amplitude and steepness, and can eliminate the impact and damage of the arc extinguishing structure caused by the hydroelectric effect generated by the arc discharge in the liquid. In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical effects:

[0004] According to one aspect of the present invention, a series-parallel attenuation arc extinguishing structure is provided, which includes an auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber, a main arc extinguishing chamber and a capacitor chamber, the lower end of the main arc extinguishing chamber is arranged on the middle part of the capacitor chamber, an upper main electrode is arranged on the upper end of the main arc extinguishing chamber, an umbrella-shaped metal main board is arranged above the upper end of the main arc extinguishing chamber, the central lower surface of the umbrella-shaped metal main board is fixed to the upper end of the main arc extinguishing chamber through the upper main electrode, a plurality of auxiliary arc extinguishing chambers are connected in parallel on the center and on the periphery of the center of the umbrella-shaped metal main board, an upper auxiliary electrode and a lower auxiliary electrode are respectively arranged at the top and bottom ends of the auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber, an umbrella-shaped metal sub-plate parallel to the umbrella-shaped metal main board is arranged above the top of the auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber, a plurality of lightning contact electrodes are evenly arranged on the upper surface of the umbrella-shaped metal sub-plate, a first liquid arc extinguishing medium is filled in the capacitor chamber, the top of the auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber is connected to the lower surface of the umbrella-shaped metal sub-plate through the upper auxiliary electrode, and the lower end of the auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber is connected to the umbrella-shaped metal sub-plate through the lower auxiliary electrode.

[0005] The above scheme is further preferred, in which an upper capacitor plate and a lower capacitor plate are horizontally arranged at the top and bottom of the capacitor chamber respectively, a grounding electrode is arranged at the bottom of the lower capacitor plate, and the main arc extinguishing chamber is arranged at the top of the capacitor chamber through the upper capacitor plate.

[0006] The above scheme is further preferred, the outer wall of the lower end of the main arc extinguishing chamber is fixed to the upper capacitor plate by means of a first fixed block, and an inner guide electrode is provided on the upper surface of the upper water capacitor plate, extending vertically upward into the lower end of the main arc extinguishing chamber, the lower end of the inner guide electrode is fixed to the upper surface of the upper water capacitor plate, and the upper end of the inner guide electrode is fixed inside the lower end of the main arc extinguishing chamber.

[0007] The above scheme is further preferred, in which a middle capacitor plate is horizontally arranged inside the capacitor chamber, and the middle capacitor plate divides the inner part of the capacitor chamber into a first horizontal capacitor chamber and a second water capacitor chamber distributed up and down. After the lower end of the main arc extinguishing chamber passes through the upper capacitor plate downward, it is arranged in the upper middle part of the capacitor chamber through the middle capacitor plate.

[0008] The above solution is further preferred in that the outer side wall of the main arc extinguishing chamber is fixed to the upper capacitor plate by sleeved with a first fixing block, and both ends of the middle capacitor plate are fixed to the inner side wall of the capacitor chamber by a second fixing block.

[0009] The above solution is further preferred in that an inner current guiding electrode is provided on the surface of the middle capacitor plate and extends vertically upward into the lower end of the main arc extinguishing chamber.

[0010] The above scheme is further preferred, that the main arc extinguishing chamber includes an arc extinguishing chamber insulating shell, and a first insulating layer and a second insulating layer are sequentially arranged from the inner wall of the arc extinguishing chamber insulating shell to the center, and a plurality of spherical electrodes are arranged in the second insulating layer and at equal intervals from the top to the bottom, and an arc extinguishing gap filled with a second liquid arc extinguishing medium is provided between adjacent spherical electrodes, the lower end of the upper main electrode extends vertically downward into the center of the second insulating layer and contacts with the topmost spherical electrode, and the inner guide electrode extends vertically upward into the center of the second insulating layer and contacts with the bottommost spherical electrode.

[0011] The above solution is further preferred in that the first insulating layer is composed of a polyurethane tube arranged on the inner wall of the insulating shell of the arc extinguishing chamber, and the second insulating layer is composed of a silicone tube arranged on the inner wall of the polyurethane tube.

[0012] The above scheme is further preferred, in which an upper outer air electrode is provided on the edge of the upper surface of the upper capacitor plate, the fixed end of the upper outer air electrode is fixed on the upper capacitor plate, and a lower outer air electrode is provided on the lower surface of the lower capacitor plate, which is symmetrical with the upper outer air electrode in upper and lower directions, the free end of the upper outer air electrode extends out of the outer side of the capacitor chamber and bends downward along the outer side wall of the capacitor chamber, the fixed end of the lower outer air electrode is fixed on the lower surface of the lower capacitor plate, the free end of the lower outer air electrode extends out of the outer side of the capacitor chamber toward the capacitor chamber and bends upward along the outer side wall of the capacitor chamber, so that an air gap is formed between the free end of the lower outer air electrode and the free end of the upper outer air electrode.

[0013] In summary, the present invention adopts the above technical solution, and the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0014] (1) The utility model utilizes the characteristic of water capacitors to gather charge to achieve equal priority for upward leaders, expand the lightning range of lightning rod lightning arresters, shield lightning strikes in the center of the overhead line span, avoid bypass failure and lightning conductor breakage, and at the same time shield the loopholes of the upward leaders of large-volume primary equipment (transformers) of substations that exceed the protection range of lightning rods, thereby preventing primary equipment from being struck by lightning.

[0015] (2) The auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber and the main arc extinguishing chamber form an arc extinguishing chamber series structure. This structure can increase the overall arc extinguishing chamber length. By increasing the arc extinguishing chamber length, the arc deposition energy in the insulating oil can be increased, achieving the characteristics of reducing arc temperature and high dielectric strength, quickly interrupting long arcs as a whole, and extending the arc interruption time. The series arc extinguishing chamber structure improves the attenuation effect of the lightning current amplitude and steepness, and reduces the current intensity flowing through the water capacitor.

[0016] (3) The series section of the main and auxiliary arc extinguishing chambers and the water capacitor has the priority to receive lightning, which can ensure that the arc passes through the main and auxiliary arc extinguishing chambers first and has an attenuation effect on the lightning current intensity. The parallel section of the main and auxiliary arc extinguishing chambers and the water capacitor can reduce the distance between the water capacitor plates to increase the capacity of the water capacitor, so that the attenuated lightning current does not need to break through the water medium in the water capacitor, but is released into the ground through the water capacitor in the form of charging current, avoiding the occurrence of arc discharge in water, thereby eliminating the impact and damage of the water capacitor structure caused by the hydroelectric effect generated by the arc discharge in water.

[0017] (4) After the auxiliary arc extinguishing chambers are automatically connected in parallel, the lightning current can be diverted first and then attenuated. On the one hand, the current intensity of each auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber and the arc's anti-interruption pressure are reduced, which is beneficial to improving the attenuation effect. On the other hand, the impact damage to the arc extinguishing chamber structure caused by the excessive hydro-electric effect pressure generated by the large arc is reduced, further enhancing the attenuation effect of the arc intensity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a series-parallel attenuation arc extinguishing structure of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic top view of a series-parallel attenuation arc extinguishing structure of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of another embodiment of a series-parallel attenuation arc extinguishing structure of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the main arc extinguishing chamber of the utility model;

[0022] In the accompanying drawings, auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber 1, main arc extinguishing chamber 2, capacitor chamber 3, umbrella-shaped metal main plate 4, umbrella-shaped metal auxiliary plate 5, lightning contact electrode 6, water medium 7, grounding electrode 8, upper auxiliary electrode 10, lower auxiliary electrode 11, upper main electrode 12, arc extinguishing chamber insulating shell 20, first insulating layer 21, second insulating layer 22, spherical electrode 23, arc extinguishing medium 24, arc extinguishing gap 25, upper capacitor plate 30, lower capacitor plate 31, middle capacitor plate 32,

[0023] First horizontal capacitor 300, second water capacitor 301, first fixing block 310, upper outer air electrode 311, lower outer air electrode 312, air gap 313, second fixing block 320, inner guide electrode 321, DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, it should be noted that many of the details listed in this specification are merely provided to help readers gain a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, and these aspects of the present invention can be implemented even without these specific details.

[0025] Example 1, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, according to a series-parallel attenuation arc extinguishing structure of the present invention, the arc extinguishing structure includes an auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber 1, a main arc extinguishing chamber 2 and a capacitor chamber 3, the lower end of the main arc extinguishing chamber 2 is arranged on the middle of the capacitor chamber 3, and an upper main electrode 12 is arranged on the upper end of the main arc extinguishing chamber 2, and an umbrella-shaped metal main board 4 is arranged above the upper end of the main arc extinguishing chamber 2, and the central lower surface of the umbrella-shaped metal main board 4 is fixed to the upper end of the main arc extinguishing chamber 2 through the upper main electrode 12, and a plurality of auxiliary arc extinguishing chambers 1 are connected in parallel on the central upper surface of the umbrella-shaped metal main board 4 and on the central periphery, and an upper auxiliary electrode 10 and a lower auxiliary electrode 11 are respectively arranged at the top and bottom ends of the auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber 1, and an umbrella-shaped metal auxiliary plate 5 parallel to the umbrella-shaped metal main board 4 is arranged above the top of the auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber 1, and a plurality of lightning electrodes 6 are evenly arranged on the upper surface of the umbrella-shaped metal auxiliary plate 5, and the capacitor chamber 3 is filled with a first liquid arc extinguishing medium 7, and the first liquid arc extinguishing medium 7 filled in the capacitor chamber 3 is a water medium. The top of the arc chamber 1 is connected to the lower surface of the umbrella-shaped metal sub-plate 5 through the upper sub-electrode 10, and the lower end of the sub-arc extinguishing chamber 1 is connected to the umbrella-shaped metal sub-plate 4 through the lower sub-electrode 11; an upper capacitor plate 30 and a lower capacitor plate 31 are horizontally arranged at the top and bottom of the capacitor chamber 3 respectively, and a grounding electrode 8 is arranged at the bottom of the lower capacitor plate 31. The main arc extinguishing chamber 2 is arranged at the top of the capacitor chamber 3 through the upper capacitor plate 30; the lightning arc is pulled by the induced charge accumulated by the water capacitor and When the arc strikes the lightning-connected electrode 6 above the auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber 1, it is diverted to each lightning-connected electrode 6 and then enters each auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber 1 for liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing. Because the breakdown voltage of the auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber 1 is greater than the breakdown voltage between adjacent lightning-connected electrodes 6, the high potential of the lightning strike will automatically strike all lightning-connected electrodes 6, realizing automatic parallel connection of multiple auxiliary arc extinguishing chambers 1, diverting the lightning current, significantly reducing the current amplitude passing through each auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber 1, and thus reducing the excessive pressure value caused by the liquid-electric effect in the arc extinguishing chamber. This process can achieve arc diversion, separating a high-intensity strong arc into multiple low-intensity weak arcs, and then extinguishing the low-intensity weak arcs separately, thereby reducing the overall arc extinguishing difficulty.

[0026] Example 2, as Figure 1As shown, the outer wall of the lower end of the main arc extinguishing chamber 2 is fixed to the upper capacitor plate 30 by sleeve-mounting the first fixing block 310, and is used to seal the surface of the upper capacitor plate 30. An inner guide electrode 321 is provided on the upper surface of the upper capacitor plate 30, extending vertically upward into the lower end of the main arc extinguishing chamber 2. The lower end of the inner guide electrode 321 is fixed to the upper surface of the upper water capacitor plate 30, and the upper end of the inner guide electrode 321 is fixed to the lower end of the main arc extinguishing chamber 2. An upper outer air electrode 311 is provided on the edge of the upper surface of the upper capacitor plate 30, and the fixed end of the upper outer air electrode 311 is fixed to the upper On the capacitor plate 30, a lower outer air electrode 312 is provided on the lower surface of the lower capacitor plate 31, which is symmetrical with the upper outer air electrode 311 in a vertical direction. The free end of the upper outer air electrode 311 extends outside the capacitor chamber 3 and bends downward along the outer wall of the capacitor chamber 3. The fixed end of the lower outer air electrode 312 is fixed to the lower surface of the lower capacitor plate 31. The free end of the lower outer air electrode 312 extends outside the capacitor chamber 3 toward the capacitor chamber 3 and bends upward along the outer wall of the capacitor chamber 3, so that an air gap 313 is formed between the free end of the lower outer air electrode 312 and the free end of the upper outer air electrode 311. After the attenuated arc is conducted from the inner guide electrode 321 at the lower end of the main arc extinguishing chamber 2 to the upper capacitor plate 30, the current within the tolerance range of the water capacitor in the capacitor chamber 3 will not break down the water capacitor to cause a liquid-electric effect, but will pass through the water capacitor formed in the capacitor chamber 3 in the form of a charging current and enter the ground through the lower capacitor plate 31 and the grounding electrode 8. For the current exceeding the tolerance range of the water capacitor, the current will flow through the upper capacitor plate 30 to the upper outer air electrode 311, then break down the air in the air gap 313 to reach the lower outer air electrode 312, and finally flow into the ground through the lower capacitor plate 31 and the grounding electrode 8, thereby avoiding the influence of the huge impact force generated by the liquid-electric effect caused by the arc breaking down the water capacitor on the water capacitor structure.

[0027] Example 3, as Figure 3As shown, a middle capacitor plate 32 is horizontally arranged inside the capacitor chamber 3, and the middle capacitor plate 32 divides the inside of the capacitor chamber 3 into a first horizontal capacitor chamber 300 and a second water capacitor chamber 301 distributed up and down. After the upper capacitor plate 30 is passed downward from the lower end of the main arc extinguishing chamber 2, it is arranged in the middle and upper part of the capacitor chamber 3 through the middle capacitor plate 32. The outer wall of the main arc extinguishing chamber 2 is fixed to the upper capacitor plate 30 by a first fixing block 310. The first fixing block 310 is not only used to seal the upper capacitor plate 30, but also to fix the main arc extinguishing chamber 2 on the capacitor chamber 3. The two ends of the middle capacitor plate 32 are fixed to the inner wall of the capacitor chamber 3 by a second fixing block 320. An inner guide electrode 321 is provided on the surface of the middle capacitor plate 32, which extends vertically upward into the lower end of the main arc extinguishing chamber 2. The series section of the main and auxiliary arc extinguishing chambers 1 and the water capacitor 3 is higher than the upper capacitor plate 30 and has a lightning protection function. Priority can ensure that the arc passes through the main and auxiliary arc extinguishing chambers first and has an attenuation effect on the lightning current intensity; the parallel section of the main and auxiliary arc extinguishing chambers 1 and the water capacitor 3 increases the water capacitor capacity by reducing the distance between the middle capacitor plate 32 and the lower capacitor plate 31, so that the attenuated lightning current does not need to break through the water medium 7 in the second water capacitor chamber 301, but is released into the ground through the second water capacitor chamber 301 in the form of a charging current, avoiding the occurrence of an underwater discharge arc, thereby eliminating the impact and destructive effect of the liquid-electric effect generated by the arc discharge in water on the structure of the second water capacitor chamber 301; when the arc strikes the lightning-connected electrode 6, it flows through the umbrella-shaped metal auxiliary plate 5 and the upper auxiliary electrode 10 in sequence into the auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber 1, starting the first liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing; then the arc flows out from the lower auxiliary electrode 11 at the bottom of the auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber 1, passes through the umbrella-shaped metal main plate 4 and the upper main electrode 20 into the main arc extinguishing chamber 2 for the second liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing. Finally, the attenuated arc is conducted into the capacitor chamber 3 through the inner guide electrode 321 and passes through the water capacitor between the middle capacitor plate 32 and the lower capacitor plate 31 in the form of a charging current, and then enters the ground through the grounding electrode 8. In this way, the arc discharge process in water and the impact damage to the water capacitor structure caused by the resulting liquid-electric effect will not occur; since the main arc extinguishing chamber 2 is first connected in parallel with the first water capacitor chamber 300 and then in series with the second water capacitor chamber 301 to form an overall series-parallel structure, the water capacitor and the arc extinguishing chamber are connected in series-parallel, thereby controlling the arc path within the arc extinguishing chamber while also avoiding the occurrence of an underwater discharge arc; by connecting the arc extinguishing chamber and the water capacitor in series, the priority of the impact arc passing through the arc extinguishing chamber is achieved; by connecting the arc extinguishing chamber and the water capacitor in parallel, the capacitance in series between the inner guide electrode 321 as the arc outlet and the grounding electrode 8 of the water capacitor is reduced, thereby improving the ability of the arc extinguishing chamber to release the attenuated arc through the water capacitor charging current, avoiding the occurrence of an underwater discharge arc and the resulting liquid-electric effect that damages the water capacitor structure and the vaporization process of the arc on the water medium.

[0028] In the fourth embodiment, the main arc extinguishing chamber 2 includes an arc extinguishing chamber insulating shell 20, and a first insulating layer 21 and a second insulating layer 22 are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the arc extinguishing chamber insulating shell 20 to the center direction. A plurality of ball electrodes 23 are arranged in the second insulating layer 22 and are arranged at equal intervals from the top to the bottom. Between adjacent ball electrodes is an arc extinguishing gap 25 filled with a second liquid arc extinguishing medium 24. The second liquid arc extinguishing medium 24 is an insulating oil liquid. The lower end of the upper main electrode 12 extends vertically downward into the center of the second insulating layer 22 and is connected to the topmost ball electrode. 23 contact, the inner guide electrode 321 extends vertically upward into the center of the second insulating layer 22 and contacts the bottom ball electrode 23, the first insulating layer 21 is composed of a polyurethane tube arranged on the inner wall of the arc extinguishing chamber insulating shell 20, the polyurethane tube is an insulating hard material, and is used to buffer the impact damage of the shock wave pressure of the buffer electrostatic effect on the outer shell of the arc extinguishing chamber; the second insulating layer 22 is composed of a silicone tube arranged on the inner wall of the polyurethane tube; the silicone tube is an insulating elastic material, which is convenient for the metal ball electrode to be inserted into the arc extinguishing chamber, and also plays a buffering and protective role.

[0029] This utility model utilizes the high dielectric constant of water and the low dielectric constant of oil in series connection to regulate the electric field strength distribution of both, facilitating the breakdown of the arc extinguishing chamber and preventing breakdown of the water medium in the water capacitor. The two-stage arc extinguishing chamber series structure improves the attenuation of lightning current, enhancing the attenuation of lightning current amplitude and steepness, and reducing the current intensity flowing through the water capacitor. The auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber 1 and the main arc extinguishing chamber 2 form a series arc extinguishing chamber structure, which can increase the overall arc extinguishing chamber length. Increasing the arc extinguishing chamber length increases the arc's deposited energy in the insulating oil. By leveraging the insulating oil's high viscosity, incompressibility, arc temperature reduction, and high dielectric strength, the long arc extinguishing chamber structure leverages the hydroelectric effect pressure to quickly interrupt long arcs. The arc interruption time is extended by utilizing the high-strength insulating oil's resistance to reignition, while the sealed arc extinguishing chamber structure maintains the hydroelectric effect pressure. Automatically connecting the auxiliary arc extinguishing chambers in parallel reduces the current intensity and arc interruption pressure of each auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber, improving the attenuation effect. Furthermore, it reduces the impact damage to the arc extinguishing chamber structure caused by excessive hydroelectric effect pressure generated by large arcs. Furthermore, the main arc extinguishing chamber and the auxiliary arc extinguishing chambers work together to further enhance the arc intensity attenuation effect. When the water capacitor gathers induced charge, the induced charge generated by the leader is concentrated in the water capacitor. By increasing the induced electric field strength at the lightning pole 6, the upward leader is preferentially connected to the lightning rod, thereby increasing the lightning induction range and the protection range of the lightning rod. It can connect the lightning strike in the center of the span, eliminating the breakage of the lightning conductor caused by the center of the span and the backlash in the center of the span. It also eliminates the possibility of large substation equipment being struck by lightning due to the upward leader exceeding the protection range of the lightning rod. At the same time, the lightning current intensity after the connection is attenuated, eliminating the secondary damage caused by the backlash overvoltage and induced overvoltage lightning strike after the connection.

[0030] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A series-parallel attenuation arc extinguishing structure, characterized by: The arc extinguishing structure includes an auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber, a main arc extinguishing chamber and a capacitor chamber. The lower end of the main arc extinguishing chamber is arranged on the middle part of the capacitor chamber, and an upper main electrode is arranged on the upper end of the main arc extinguishing chamber. An umbrella-shaped metal main board is arranged above the upper end of the main arc extinguishing chamber. The central lower surface of the umbrella-shaped metal main board is fixed to the upper end of the main arc extinguishing chamber through the upper main electrode. Multiple auxiliary arc extinguishing chambers are connected in parallel at the center and on the periphery of the center of the umbrella-shaped metal main board. Upper and lower auxiliary electrodes are respectively arranged at the top and bottom ends of the auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber. An umbrella-shaped metal sub-plate parallel to the umbrella-shaped metal main board is arranged above the top of the auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber. Multiple lightning electrodes are evenly arranged on the upper surface of the umbrella-shaped metal sub-plate. The capacitor chamber is filled with a first liquid arc extinguishing medium. The top of the auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber is connected to the lower surface of the umbrella-shaped metal sub-plate through the upper secondary electrode, and the lower end of the auxiliary arc extinguishing chamber is connected to the umbrella-shaped metal sub-plate through the lower secondary electrode.

2. The series-parallel attenuation arc extinguishing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper capacitor plate and a lower capacitor plate are horizontally arranged at the top and bottom of the capacitor chamber respectively, a grounding electrode is arranged at the bottom of the lower capacitor plate, and the main arc extinguishing chamber is arranged at the top of the capacitor chamber through the upper capacitor plate.

3. The series-parallel attenuation arc extinguishing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the lower end of the main arc extinguishing chamber is fixed to the upper capacitor plate by sleeve-mounted a first fixing block, and an inner guide electrode is provided on the upper surface of the upper water capacitor plate, extending vertically upward into the lower end of the main arc extinguishing chamber. The lower end of the inner guide electrode is fixed to the upper surface of the upper water capacitor plate, and the upper end of the inner guide electrode is fixed inside the lower end of the main arc extinguishing chamber.

4. The series-parallel attenuation arc extinguishing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A middle capacitor plate is horizontally arranged inside the capacitor chamber, which divides the inner part of the capacitor chamber into a first horizontal capacitor chamber and a second water capacitor chamber distributed up and down. After passing through the upper capacitor plate downward from the lower end of the main arc extinguishing chamber, it is arranged in the middle and upper part of the capacitor chamber through the middle capacitor plate.

5. The series-parallel attenuation arc extinguishing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer side wall of the main arc extinguishing chamber is fixed to the upper capacitor plate by sleeved with a first fixing block, and the two ends of the middle capacitor plate are fixed to the inner side wall of the capacitor chamber by a second fixing block.

6. A series-parallel attenuation arc extinguishing structure according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: An inner current-conducting electrode is arranged on the surface of the middle capacitor plate and extends vertically upward into the lower end of the main arc-extinguishing chamber.

7. The series-parallel attenuation arc extinguishing structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The main arc extinguishing chamber includes an arc extinguishing chamber insulating shell, and a first insulating layer and a second insulating layer are sequentially arranged from the inner wall to the center of the arc extinguishing chamber insulating shell. A plurality of spherical electrodes are arranged in the second insulating layer at equal intervals from the top to the bottom. An arc extinguishing gap filled with a second liquid arc extinguishing medium is provided between adjacent spherical electrodes. The lower end of the upper main electrode extends vertically downward into the center of the second insulating layer and contacts the topmost spherical electrode, and the inner guide electrode extends vertically upward into the center of the second insulating layer and contacts the bottommost spherical electrode.

8. The series-parallel attenuation arc extinguishing structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first insulating layer is composed of a polyurethane tube arranged on the inner wall of the insulating shell of the arc extinguishing chamber, and the second insulating layer is composed of a silicone tube arranged on the inner wall of the polyurethane tube.

9. The series-parallel attenuation arc extinguishing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: An upper outer air electrode is provided on the edge of the upper surface of the upper capacitor plate, and the fixed end of the upper outer air electrode is fixed to the upper capacitor plate. A lower outer air electrode is provided on the lower surface of the lower capacitor plate, which is symmetrical with the upper outer air electrode in upper and lower directions. The free end of the upper outer air electrode extends out of the outer side of the capacitor chamber and bends downward along the outer side wall of the capacitor chamber. The fixed end of the lower outer air electrode is fixed on the lower surface of the lower capacitor plate, and the free end of the lower outer air electrode extends out of the outer side of the capacitor chamber toward the capacitor chamber and bends upward along the outer side wall of the capacitor chamber, so that an air gap is formed between the free end of the lower outer air electrode and the free end of the upper outer air electrode.

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