Multi-break fuse and power battery

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of fuses, and particularly discloses a multi-break fuse and a power battery, comprising a conductive plate provided with at least two weak parts; and the breaking mechanisms are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the weak parts, and each breaking mechanism comprises an impact head arranged opposite to the weak part and an excitation device used for driving the impact head to move downwards to cut off the corresponding weak part. The multi-break fuse and the power battery provided by the utility model can effectively solve the problems that the time interval of cutting off the current-conducting plate for several times by the existing excitation fuse is too short and cannot be adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fuses, in particular to a multi-break fuse and a power battery. Background Art

[0002] If a fault current is large, directly cutting the conductive plate could result in excessive arcing, potentially causing fires and other safety hazards. Therefore, to ensure circuit safety, patent document CN112447462A proposes a mechanically interrupted and blown combination multi-break energized fuse. This fuse uses two impact tips, one long and one short, to gradually cut the conductive plate, reducing arc energy and improving circuit safety.

[0003] In patent document CN112447462A, the ideal state is that the two impact heads are set one long and one short. Therefore, there is a difference in the time it takes for the two to cut off the conductive plate. This time difference can achieve step-by-step cutting of the conductive plate, thereby effectively reducing the arc energy and improving the safety of the circuit.

[0004] In fact, the triggering action of the excitation device is very rapid. Therefore, each impact head rushes toward the conductive plate at an extremely fast speed. Due to the size limitation of the fuse, the length difference between the two impact heads cannot be very large. Therefore, in fact, when each impact head rushes toward the conductive plate at an extremely fast speed and the length difference between the two impact heads is very small, the time difference between the two impact heads, one long and one short, cutting off the conductive plate is very small.

[0005] Experiments show that in most cases, the arc generated when the longer impact head cuts off the conductive plate has not yet disappeared, and the shorter impact head has already cut off the conductive plate again and generated an arc. The final result is basically equivalent to using two impact heads to cut the conductive plate at the same time.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention is dedicated to improving the existing excitation fuse to solve the problem that the time interval for cutting off the conductive plate in batches is too short and cannot be adjusted.

[0007] The above information disclosed in this Background section is included only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the disclosure and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is currently known to a person of ordinary skill in the art. Utility Model Content

[0008] One purpose of the utility model is to provide a multi-break fuse and a power battery, which can effectively solve the problem that the time intervals of the existing excitation fuse for cutting off the conductive plates in batches are too short and cannot be adjusted.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a multi-break fuse, comprising:

[0010] A conductive plate, wherein the conductive plate is provided with at least two weak points;

[0011] A plurality of breaking mechanisms are arranged corresponding to each of the weak locations, and the breaking mechanisms include an impact head arranged opposite to the weak location, and an excitation device for driving the impact head to move downward to cut off the corresponding weak location.

[0012] Optionally, the excitation device is an electric detonator that explodes after being subjected to voltage.

[0013] Optionally, the electric detonator is an electric thermal detonator, an electric spark detonator, a semiconductor bridge detonator or a plasma arc detonator.

[0014] Optionally, the interruption mechanism further includes:

[0015] An upper base, wherein the upper base is provided with an upper seat cavity with an opening facing the weak portion, the excitation device is mounted on the upper portion of the upper seat cavity, and the impact head is slidably disposed on the lower portion of the upper seat cavity;

[0016] The lower base is located on a side of the conductive plate away from the upper base, and the lower base is provided with a lower seat cavity for the impact head to punch into.

[0017] Optionally, a sealing ring is provided between the circumferential surface of the impact head and the cavity wall of the upper seat cavity.

[0018] Optionally, also include:

[0019] The shell is provided with a plurality of base accommodating grooves corresponding one to one with each of the lower bases.

[0020] Optionally, one of the base receiving grooves is provided with:

[0021] Arc-extinguishing fuse;

[0022] A conductive connecting member, one end of which is electrically connected to the conductive plate, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the arc-extinguishing fuse.

[0023] Optionally, the conductive connecting member has an L-shaped structure, and the conductive plate and the arc-extinguishing fuse are both connected to the conductive connecting member by rivets.

[0024] On the other hand, a power battery is provided, comprising a battery module, a BMS, and any of the multi-break fuses described above.

[0025] The BMS is electrically connected to each of the excitation devices and is used to send an excitation signal to each of the excitation devices.

[0026] In another aspect, a circuit disconnection method is provided, which is performed by the multi-break fuse, comprising:

[0027] Sending an electrical signal to the excitation device corresponding to the arc-extinguishing fuse, triggering the excitation device to drive the corresponding impact head to move downward and cut off the corresponding weak point on the conductive plate;

[0028] After a preset time interval, an electrical signal is sent to the remaining excitation devices, triggering the remaining excitation devices to synchronously or sequentially drive the corresponding impact heads to move downward and cut off the corresponding weak parts on the conductive plate.

[0029] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that it provides a multi-break fuse and a power battery, wherein an impact head is arranged at each weak point, and an independent excitation device is configured for each impact head. Therefore, when the conductive plate needs to be cut off, the time difference of each impact head interrupting the conductive plate can be controlled by controlling the triggering time difference of different excitation devices.

[0030] Therefore, the multi-break fuse and power battery provided by the present invention can effectively solve the problem that the time intervals between the current excitation fuses that cut off the conductive plates in batches are too short and cannot be adjusted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-break fuse before a weak portion is broken provided in an embodiment;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-break fuse after a weak portion thereof is broken provided in an embodiment;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a circuit disconnection method provided in an embodiment.

[0035] In the picture:

[0036] 1. Conductive plate; 101. Weak point;

[0037] 2. Breaking mechanism; 201. Impact head; 202. Excitation device;

[0038] 3. Upper base;

[0039] 4. Lower base;

[0040] 5. Shell;

[0041] 6. Sealing ring;

[0042] 7. Arc extinguishing fuse;

[0043] 8. Conductive connectors;

[0044] 9. Rivets. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] References to "embodiments" in this utility model mean that the specific features, structures, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the utility model. The appearance of the term "embodiment" in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it specifically limit its independence or relevance to other embodiments. In principle, in this utility model, as long as there are no technical contradictions or conflicts, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner to form a corresponding implementable technical solution.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The use of relevant terms herein is only for describing specific embodiments and is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0047] In the description of this utility model, the term "and / or" is used to describe a logical relationship between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A exists, B exists, and both A and B exist. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the objects before and after are in a logical "or" relationship.

[0048] In the present invention, terms such as "first" and "second" are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship of quantity, priority or sequence between these entities or operations.

[0049] Without further restrictions, in the present invention, the words "include", "comprise", "have" or other similar expressions used in sentences are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. These expressions do not exclude the presence of additional elements in the process, method or product including the elements, so that the process, method or product including a series of elements may include not only those limited elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also include elements inherent to such process, method or product.

[0050] Consistent with the understanding in the Examination Guidelines, in this utility model, expressions such as "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself; expressions such as "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this utility model, "multiple" means two or more (including two), and similar expressions related to "multiple," such as "multiple groups" and "multiple times," are also understood in this manner, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0051] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the space-related expressions used, such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the specific embodiments or drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the specific embodiments of the present invention or facilitating the reader's understanding, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific position, a specific orientation, or be constructed or operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0052] Unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed", "set", etc. used should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated setting; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the technical field of the present invention, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0053] The utility model provides a multi-break fuse, a power battery and a circuit cutting method, which are suitable for application scenarios where the circuit is cut off when necessary. It can effectively solve the problem that the time interval of the existing excitation fuse that cuts off the conductive plate in batches is too short and cannot be adjusted.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The multi-break fuse provided in this embodiment includes a conductive plate 1 having at least two weak points 101, and a plurality of breaking mechanisms 2 disposed in one-to-one correspondence with each of the weak points 101. The breaking mechanisms 2 include an impact head 201 disposed opposite the weak points 101, and an actuating device 202 for driving the impact head 201 downward to cut through the corresponding weak point 101.

[0056] The multi-break fuse provided by the present invention is provided with an impact head 201 at each weak point 101, and an independent excitation device 202 is configured for each impact head 201. Therefore, when it is necessary to cut off the conductive plate 1, the time difference of each impact head 201 interrupting the conductive plate 1 can be controlled by controlling the triggering time difference of different excitation devices 202.

[0057] Therefore, the multi-break fuse provided by the present invention can effectively solve the problem that the time intervals of the prior excitation fuses for cutting off the conductive plate 1 in batches are too short and cannot be adjusted.

[0058] In this embodiment, the excitation device 202 is an electric initiator that is triggered by a voltage. For example, the electric initiator can be an electrothermal initiator, an electric spark initiator, a semiconductor bridge initiator, or a plasma arc initiator. All of the above-mentioned initiators can trigger an explosion through the action of current or voltage.

[0059] In this embodiment, the breaking mechanism 2 further includes an upper base 3 , a lower base 4 , and a shell 5 .

[0060] The upper base 3 defines an upper cavity opening toward the weak point 101. The excitation device 202 is mounted in the upper portion of the upper cavity, and the impact head 201 is slidably mounted in the lower portion of the upper cavity. The lower base 4 is located on the side of the conductive plate 1 away from the upper base 3 and defines a lower cavity for the impact head 201 to penetrate. The housing 5 is provided with a plurality of base accommodating slots corresponding to each of the lower bases 4.

[0061] A sealing ring 6 is provided between the circumferential surface of the impact head 201 and the wall of the upper housing. After the electric detonator is detonated, the sealing ring 6 effectively seals the gap between the impact head 201 and the upper housing, preventing the explosive gas flow from flowing downward through the gap between the impact head 201 and the upper housing, which could result in insufficient driving force for the impact head 201 to break through the conductive plate 1.

[0062] An arc-extinguishing fuse 7 and a conductive connector 8 are disposed within one of the base accommodating slots. One end of the conductive connector 8 is electrically connected to the conductive plate 1, and the other end is electrically connected to the arc-extinguishing fuse 7. Furthermore, the conductive connector 8 is L-shaped, and both the conductive plate 1 and the arc-extinguishing fuse 7 are connected to the conductive connector 8 via rivets 9.

[0063] When the conductive plate 1 needs to be cut off, an electrical signal is first released to the corresponding excitation device 202 equipped with the arc-extinguishing fuse 7, and then an electrical signal is released to other excitation devices 202. Cutting off the part with the arc-extinguishing function first can ensure that the subsequent cutting operation is carried out in a safer electrical environment.

[0064] In summary, the multi-break fuse provided in this embodiment has the following advantages:

[0065] ① Adjustable time interval: By controlling the triggering time difference of different excitation devices 202, the interruption time difference of each impact head 201 on the conductive plate 1 can be accurately adjusted, thereby solving the problem that the existing excitation fuse cuts off the conductive plate 1 in batches with too short and unadjustable time intervals.

[0066] ② Improve cutting efficiency: Each weak point 101 is provided with an independent impact head 201 and an excitation device 202, which can quickly cut off the conductive plate 1 simultaneously or sequentially, thereby improving the efficiency and speed of circuit protection.

[0067] ③ Enhanced safety: By first triggering the excitation device 202 with arc extinguishing function, it can be ensured that the arc is effectively extinguished when the circuit is cut off, reducing the damage of the arc to personnel and equipment.

[0068] ④ Structural design optimization: The structural design of the upper base 3, the lower base 4 and the outer shell 5, as well as the setting of the sealing ring 6, provide a strong and sealed cutting mechanism, prevent the leakage of the explosive airflow, and ensure the driving force of the impact head 201 to break the conductive plate 1 downward.

[0069] ⑤ Modular design: Each interrupting mechanism 2 can be regarded as an independent module, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement, thereby improving the maintainability of the equipment.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] This embodiment provides a power battery, comprising a battery module, a BMS, and the multi-break fuse provided in Embodiment 1. The BMS is electrically connected to each of the excitation devices, and is configured to send an excitation signal to each of the excitation devices.

[0072] In this embodiment, the BMS can detect various operating parameters of the battery module. When it finds that the operating parameters of the battery module are abnormal, it can send a signal to each excitation device, thereby prompting each excitation device to break the conductive plate in sequence according to a preset order (first triggering the excitation device with arc extinguishing function to ensure that the arc is effectively extinguished when the circuit is cut off, reducing the harm of the arc to personnel and equipment), thereby cutting off the relevant circuit and ensuring the safe operation of the power battery.

[0073] In summary, the power battery provided in this embodiment has the following advantages:

[0074] ① Timeliness of circuit protection: The BMS monitors the working parameters of the battery module in real time, and can respond quickly when an abnormal situation is detected, sending a signal to the excitation device to cut off the circuit in time to prevent potential safety risks.

[0075] ② Improved safety: The use of multi-break fuses, especially the priority triggering of the excitation device with arc extinguishing function, effectively reduces the harm of electric arc to personnel and equipment, and improves the overall safety of the power battery.

[0076] ③Automated control: The electrical connection and signal sending functions of BMS realize the automation of power battery circuit protection, reduce manual intervention, and improve the intelligence level of the system.

[0077] ④ Fault response capability: When the battery module malfunctions, the power battery can quickly cut off the circuit through a preset cut-off sequence, effectively responding to various fault conditions and preventing the accident from escalating.

[0078] ⑤ Diversified protection measures: The design of multi-break fuses provides multiple cut-off points, making circuit protection more comprehensive. Even if a certain cut-off point fails, other cut-off points can still function.

[0079] On the basis of Example 1, for the features not explained in this example, the explanation in Example 1 shall be adopted and no further details will be given here.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] See also Figure 3 This embodiment provides a circuit disconnection method, which is performed by the multi-break fuse in embodiment 1 and includes the following steps:

[0082] S10: Sending an electrical signal to the excitation device corresponding to the arc-extinguishing fuse, triggering the excitation device to drive the corresponding impact head to move downward and cut off the corresponding weak point on the conductive plate;

[0083] S20: After a preset time interval, an electrical signal is sent to the remaining excitation devices to trigger the remaining excitation devices to synchronously or sequentially drive the corresponding impact heads to move downward and cut off the corresponding weak parts on the conductive plate.

[0084] It should be noted that when a multi-break fuse is applied to a power battery, the BMS sends an electrical signal to each excitation device.

[0085] The circuit disconnection method provided in this embodiment has the following advantages:

[0086] ① Adjustable time interval: By controlling the triggering time difference of different excitation devices, the interruption time difference of each impact head on the conductive plate can be accurately adjusted, thereby solving the problem that the existing excitation fuse cuts off the conductive plate in batches with a short time interval and cannot be adjusted.

[0087] ② Enhanced safety: By first triggering the excitation device with arc extinguishing function, it can be ensured that the arc is effectively extinguished when the circuit is cut off, reducing the harm of the arc to personnel and equipment.

[0088] On the basis of Example 1, for the features not explained in this example, the explanation in Example 1 shall be adopted and no further details will be given here.

[0089] Finally, it should be noted that although the above embodiments have been described in the specification and drawings of this application, this does not limit the scope of patent protection of this application. All technical solutions generated by replacing or modifying equivalent structures or equivalent processes based on the essential concepts of this application using the contents recorded in the specification and drawings of this application, as well as directly or indirectly implementing the technical solutions of the above embodiments in other related technical fields, are included in the scope of patent protection of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-break fuse, characterized in that: include: A conductive plate (1), wherein the conductive plate (1) is provided with at least two weak points (101); A plurality of breaking mechanisms (2) are provided corresponding to each of the weak locations (101), the breaking mechanisms (2) comprising an impact head (201) provided opposite to the weak location (101), and an excitation device (202) for driving the impact head (201) to move downward to cut off the corresponding weak location (101).

2. The multi-break fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excitation device (202) is an electric detonator that explodes after receiving voltage.

3. The multi-break fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electric detonator is an electric thermal detonator, an electric spark detonator, a semiconductor bridge detonator or a plasma arc detonator.

4. The multi-break fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interruption mechanism (2) further comprises: An upper base (3), the upper base (3) being provided with an upper seat cavity with an opening facing the weak portion (101), the excitation device (202) being mounted on an upper portion of the upper seat cavity, and the impact head (201) being slidably disposed on a lower portion of the upper seat cavity; A lower base (4), the lower base (4) is located on a side of the conductive plate (1) away from the upper base (3), and the lower base (4) is provided with a lower seat cavity for the impact head (201) to punch into.

5. The multi-break fuse according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sealing ring (6) is provided between the circumferential surface of the impact head (201) and the cavity wall of the upper seat cavity.

6. The multi-break fuse according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: The outer shell (5) is provided with a plurality of base accommodating grooves corresponding one-to-one to each of the lower bases (4).

7. The multi-break fuse according to claim 6, characterized in that: One of the base accommodating grooves is provided with: Arc extinguishing fuse (7); A conductive connecting piece (8), one end of the conductive connecting piece (8) is electrically connected to the conductive plate (1), and the other end is electrically connected to the arc-extinguishing fuse (7).

8. The multi-break fuse according to claim 7, characterized in that: The conductive connecting piece (8) has an L-shaped structure, and the conductive plate (1) and the arc-extinguishing fuse (7) are both connected to the conductive connecting piece (8) via rivets (9).

9. A power battery, characterized in that: Comprising a battery module, a BMS, and a multi-break fuse according to any one of claims 1 to 8, The BMS is electrically connected to each of the excitation devices (202) and is used to send an excitation signal to each of the excitation devices (202).

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