Shell assembly and battery

Abstract

The shell assembly comprises a shell body, the shell body is provided with an opening end, a partition plate is arranged in the shell body, the shell body is divided into a buffering cavity and a containing cavity by the partition plate, a pressure relief hole is formed in the partition plate, and a liquid injection hole is formed in the shell body; the cover plate covers the open end; the anti-explosion valve assembly is located in the shell and comprises a valve body and a first rubber mat, the valve body is bonded to the partition plate through the first rubber mat, and the valve body blocks the pressure relief hole; the liquid blocking assembly blocks the liquid injection hole; a baffle is further arranged in the buffer cavity, the baffle and the partition plate are arranged in a non-parallel mode, the buffer cavity is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity through the baffle, the first cavity and the second cavity are communicated through an air channel opening, the air channel opening is located in the buffer cavity, and airflow flowing into the first cavity through the pressure relief hole is reflected by the baffle and then enters the second cavity through the air channel opening. The utility model also discloses a battery. According to the utility model, effective pressure relief can be realized, the service life of the battery is prolonged, and the use safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a shell component and a battery. Background Art

[0002] Existing lithium-ion batteries typically consist of a housing and a cover. The housing is filled with electrolyte, and the cover seals the housing to maintain its seal. Overheating can occur over time. This heat decomposes the electrolyte inside the housing, generating large amounts of gas. This increases the pressure inside the housing, leading to a rapid expansion of the air inside. This can cause deformation of the battery housing, such as causing it to bulge outward. In severe cases, this can even cause an explosion, making it impossible to effectively guarantee safety. Utility Model Content

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to achieve effective pressure relief and improve the service life and safety of batteries in the prior art.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a housing assembly, comprising:

[0005] a housing having an open end, a partition disposed inside the housing, the partition dividing the housing into a buffer chamber and an accommodating chamber, a pressure relief hole disposed on the partition, the buffer chamber and the accommodating chamber being connected via the pressure relief hole, and a liquid injection hole disposed on the housing, the liquid injection hole being connected to the accommodating chamber;

[0006] a cover plate connected to the housing and covering the open end;

[0007] an explosion-proof valve assembly, the explosion-proof valve assembly being located inside the housing and comprising a valve body and a first rubber pad, the valve body being bonded to the partition via the first rubber pad, and the valve body blocking the pressure relief hole;

[0008] a liquid blocking component, the liquid blocking component blocking the liquid injection hole;

[0009] In which, a baffle is also provided in the buffer chamber, which is located on one side of the partition and on the air outlet path of the pressure relief hole. The baffle and the partition are arranged non-parallel. The baffle divides the buffer chamber into a first chamber and a second chamber. The first chamber and the second chamber are connected through an airway opening. The airway opening is located in the buffer chamber. The airflow from the pressure relief hole to the first chamber is reflected by the baffle and enters the second chamber through the airway opening.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the airway opening and the pressure relief hole are respectively located at two ends of the buffer cavity.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, a gap is provided between one end of the baffle and the inner wall of the buffer cavity to form the airway opening.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the shell has a first side wall, a second side wall is provided at one end of the first side wall, and a third side wall is provided at the other end, the second side wall and the third side wall are arranged in parallel, the partition is located between the second side wall and the third side wall, and the baffle is also located between the second side wall and the third side wall, the partition is inclined at 80° to 89° relative to the second side wall, and the baffle is inclined at 90° to 100° relative to the second side wall.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid injection hole is provided on the first side wall.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present utility model, the liquid blocking component includes a liquid blocking part and a second rubber pad, the liquid blocking part is bonded to the side wall of the shell through the second rubber pad, and the liquid blocking part blocks the liquid injection hole; wherein, the contact area between the first rubber pad and the partition is a first contact area, and the contact area between the second rubber pad and the shell is a second contact area, and the first contact area is smaller than the second contact area.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, a second through hole is provided on the second rubber pad, the second through hole is communicated with the accommodating cavity, the second rubber pad is located between the liquid blocking member and the side wall of the shell, and the liquid blocking member covers the second through hole.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, a first through hole is provided on the first rubber pad, the first through hole is connected to the pressure relief hole, the first rubber pad is located between the valve body and the partition, and the valve body covers the first through hole.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, a pressure sensor is further connected to the buffer chamber.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the housing assembly further includes a positive electrode member and a negative electrode member, the positive electrode member is connected to the housing via an insulating sheet, and the negative electrode member is connected to the housing.

[0019] The utility model also discloses a battery, comprising a battery core and any one of the above-mentioned shell components, wherein the battery core is placed in the accommodating cavity.

[0020] The above technical solution of the utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0021] The housing assembly and battery of the present invention can achieve effective pressure relief, which is beneficial to improving the service life and safety of the battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below based on specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery structure of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An exploded view of the battery structure shown;

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of the housing shown;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 a top view of the structure shown;

[0027] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Exploded view of the structure shown;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the direction of the airflow after pressure relief at the pressure relief hole in the utility model;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of another housing of the present invention;

[0030] Description of the accompanying drawings:

[0031] 10. Cover plate;

[0032] 20. Shell; 201. Open end; 202. Partition; 2021. Pressure relief hole; 203. Buffer chamber; 2031. Baffle; 2032. First chamber; 2033. Second chamber; 2034. Airway opening; 204. Accommodation chamber; 205. Liquid injection hole; 206. First side wall; 207. Second side wall; 208. Third side wall;

[0033] 30. Explosion-proof valve assembly; 301. Valve body; 302. First rubber pad; 3021. First through hole;

[0034] 40. Liquid blocking assembly; 401. Liquid blocking member; 402. Second rubber pad; 4021. Second through hole;

[0035] 50. Positive electrode; 60. Insulating sheet; 70. Negative electrode; 80. Battery cell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention. It is apparent that the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all of them. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present disclosure, its application, or use.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "vertical", "upper", "lower", "top", "side", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0038] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0039] Example

[0040] See Figure 1-Figure 2 , this embodiment discloses a housing assembly, including a housing 20, a cover plate 10, an explosion-proof valve assembly 30 and a liquid blocking assembly 40;

[0041] See Figure 3-Figure 4 The housing 20 has an open end 201. A partition 202 is provided inside the housing 20. The partition 202 divides the housing 20 into a buffer chamber 203 and a receiving chamber 204. A pressure relief hole 2021 is provided on the partition 202. The buffer chamber 203 and the receiving chamber 204 are connected through the pressure relief hole 2021. The housing 20 is provided with a liquid injection hole 205. The liquid injection hole 205 is connected to the receiving chamber 204 to facilitate the injection of electrolyte into the receiving chamber 204.

[0042] The cover plate 10 is connected to the housing 20 and covers the open end 201 so that the housing 20 is sealed;

[0043] The explosion-proof valve assembly 30 is located inside the housing 20 and includes a valve body 301 and a first rubber pad 302 . The valve body 301 is bonded to the partition 202 via the first rubber pad 302 , and the valve body 301 blocks the pressure relief hole 2021 .

[0044] The liquid blocking component 40 blocks the liquid injection hole 205;

[0045] The buffer chamber 203 is further provided with a baffle 2031, which is located on one side of the partition 202 and on the air outlet path of the pressure relief hole 2021. The baffle 2031 and the partition 202 are arranged non-parallel to each other to prevent the airflow output through the pressure relief hole 2021 of the partition 202 from being reflected by the baffle 2031 and directly returning to the original path, thereby failing to achieve the effect of reducing the airflow intensity.

[0046] The baffle 2031 divides the buffer chamber 203 into a first chamber 2032 and a second chamber 2033. The first chamber 2032 and the second chamber 2033 are connected through an airway opening 2034. The airway opening 2034 is located in the buffer chamber 203. The airflow from the pressure relief hole 2021 to the first chamber 2032 is reflected (rebounded) by the baffle 2031 and then enters the second chamber 2033 through the airway opening 2034. By providing the baffle 2031 in the buffer chamber 203, the airflow from the pressure relief hole 2021 to the first chamber 2032 must first be reflected multiple times by the baffle 2031 before entering the second chamber 2033 (see Figure 6 , Figure 6 The direction of the arrow in the middle is the direction of airflow), and multiple reflections (rebounds) will consume the energy of the airflow, causing the airflow to gradually weaken, thereby preventing the airflow from directly hitting the shell 20 and the partition 202 after being ejected through the pressure relief hole 2021, thereby causing the shell 20 to deform.

[0047] The pressure relief process of the housing assembly of the above structure is as follows:

[0048] When the battery is abnormal, the air in the accommodating chamber 204 expands rapidly, and the air pressure increases. When the air pressure increases to the first pressure, it will impact the valve body 301 at the pressure relief hole 2021 and pull the first rubber pad 302, so that a gap appears at the bonding point between the first rubber pad 302 and the partition 202. The gas in the accommodating chamber 204 enters the above gap through the pressure relief hole 2021 and then enters the buffer chamber 203, thereby reducing the internal pressure of the shell 20. When entering the buffer chamber 203, as shown in FIG. Figure 7As shown, the gas output from the pressure relief hole 2021 first enters the first chamber 2032, and is repeatedly reflected by the baffle 2031 for multiple times before entering the second chamber 2033 through the airway opening 2034. After the airflow enters the buffer chamber 203, if the air pressure inside the shell 20 can be restored to normal, the liquid blocking member 401 can be removed in the specific operating space at this time, and the electrolyte can be replenished into the accommodating chamber 204 through the liquid injection hole 205. After the replenishment is completed, the battery can be used normally again. It is understandable that abnormal heating of the battery will generally cause the air inside the shell 20 to expand rapidly and the air pressure to increase. At this time, the electrolyte inside the shell 20 will also decrease. After the air pressure returns to normal, it needs to be replenished to ensure the normal use of the battery.

[0049] The housing assembly of the above structure can open the explosion-proof valve assembly 30 under a certain pressure (a first pressure) to achieve internal pressure relief, thereby improving the battery's service life and safety. In addition, the pressure relief process is carried out entirely within the housing 20, while the housing 20 remains sealed from the outside world, preventing external impurities from entering the housing 20 and causing contamination. Once the pressure is relieved to a normal state and the electrolyte is replenished, the battery can continue to function normally without being directly scrapped, thereby effectively extending the battery's service life.

[0050] In some embodiments, the first adhesive may be a hot melt adhesive sheet, and the valve body 301 and the partition 202 may be connected by hot melting the first adhesive sheet.

[0051] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 As shown, the airway opening 2034 and the pressure relief hole 2021 are respectively located at the two ends of the buffer cavity 203, which allows a longer distance to be maintained between the pressure relief hole 2021 and the airway hole, increases the number of reflections of the airflow output through the pressure relief hole 2021 between the baffle 2031 and the partition 202, and can better reduce the energy of the airflow.

[0052] In some embodiments, a gap is provided between one end of the baffle 2031 and the inner wall of the buffer cavity 203 to form an airway opening 2034 .

[0053] In other embodiments, a hole may be provided on the baffle 2031 to serve as the airway opening 2034 .

[0054] In some embodiments, the shell 20 has a first side wall 206, a second side wall 207 is provided at one end of the first side wall 206, and a third side wall 208 is provided at the other end, the second side wall 207 and the third side wall 208 are arranged in parallel, the partition 202 is located between the second side wall 207 and the third side wall 208, and the baffle 2031 is also located between the second side wall 207 and the third side wall 208; the partition 202 is inclined at 80° to 89° relative to the second side wall 207, and the baffle 2031 is inclined at 90° to 100° relative to the second side wall 207, so as to better increase the number of refractions of the airflow between the baffle 2031 and the partition 202.

[0055] In some ways, such as Figure 7 As shown, the baffle 2031 is non-vertically arranged relative to the second side wall 207. For example, the inclination angle β of the baffle 2031 relative to the second side wall 207 is 93°, and the inclination angle α of the partition 202 relative to the second side wall 207 is 80° to 89°.

[0056] Preferably, Figure 4 As shown, the baffle 2031 is vertically arranged relative to the second side wall 207, that is, the inclination angle β of the baffle 2031 relative to the second side wall 207 is 90°, and the inclination angle α of the partition 202 relative to the second side wall 207 is 80°~89°.

[0057] Furthermore, a liquid injection hole 205 is provided on the first side wall 206 .

[0058] In some embodiments, the liquid blocking component 40 includes a liquid blocking part 401 and a second rubber pad 402. The liquid blocking part 401 is bonded to the side wall of the shell 20 through the second rubber pad 402, and the liquid blocking part 401 blocks the liquid injection hole 205; wherein, the contact area between the first rubber pad 302 and the partition 202 is the first contact area, and the contact area between the second rubber pad 402 and the shell 20 is the second contact area, and the first contact area is smaller than the second contact area.

[0059] When an abnormality occurs in the battery, the air in the accommodating chamber 204 expands rapidly and the air pressure increases. When the air pressure increases to the first pressure, it will impact the valve body 301 at the pressure relief hole 2021 and pull the first rubber pad 302, causing a gap to appear at the bonding point between the first rubber pad 302 and the partition 202, so that the gas in the accommodating chamber 204 enters the above-mentioned gap through the pressure relief hole 2021, and then enters the buffer chamber 203, thereby reducing the internal pressure of the shell 20; if the gas continues to increase after entering the buffer chamber 203 through the pressure relief hole 2021, when it increases to the second air pressure, a gap will also appear at the bonding point between the second rubber pad 402 and the shell 202, so that part of the gas will enter the outside through the gap, that is, at this time, in addition to entering the buffer chamber 203 through the pressure relief hole 2021, a part of the gas in the accommodating chamber 204 also directly enters the outside through the liquid injection hole 205, thereby achieving pressure relief.

[0060] Since the first contact area is smaller than the second contact area, the bonding strength between the first rubber pad 302 and the partition 202 is smaller than the bonding strength between the second rubber pad 402 and the shell 20. Therefore, when the pressure shock is small, the first rubber pad 302 can be detached from the partition 202 first, while the second rubber pad 402 still maintains a sealed bonding state with the shell 20, so that the gas in the accommodating chamber 204 enters the buffer chamber 203 through the pressure relief hole 2021 to achieve pressure relief.

[0061] It should be noted that once the liquid blocking member 401 is pushed open, the accommodating chamber 204 will be connected to the outside world. At this time, external impurities will also enter the shell 20, and the battery will be contaminated and can no longer be used and can only be scrapped.

[0062] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 As shown, a second through hole 4021 is provided on the second rubber pad 402 , the second through hole 4021 is communicated with the accommodating cavity 204 , the second rubber pad 402 is located between the liquid blocking member 401 and the side wall of the shell 20 , and the liquid blocking member 401 covers the second through hole 4021 .

[0063] The liquid blocking member 401 may be in the form of a sheet.

[0064] In some embodiments, the liquid blocking member 401 and the second rubber pad 402 are both circular, and the outer diameter of the second rubber pad 402 is larger than the outer diameter of the liquid blocking member 401 to better ensure a sealing effect.

[0065] In some embodiments, a first through hole 3021 is provided on the first rubber pad 302 . The first through hole 3021 is connected to the pressure relief hole 2021 . The first rubber pad 302 is located between the valve body 301 and the partition 202 . The valve body 301 covers the first through hole 3021 .

[0066] Furthermore, the valve body 301 and the first rubber pad 302 are both circular, and the outer diameter of the first rubber pad 302 is larger than the outer diameter of the valve body 301 to better ensure the sealing effect.

[0067] Furthermore, the valve body 301 may be in a sheet shape.

[0068] In some embodiments, a pressure sensor is further connected to the buffer cavity 203 to monitor the pressure inside the buffer cavity 203 .

[0069] When the explosion-proof valve assembly 30 is pushed open, the gas in the accommodating chamber 204 flows into the buffer chamber 203 through the pressure relief hole 2021. At this time, the pressure in the buffer chamber 203 increases. Upon detecting the pressure change, the pressure sensor issues an alarm signal, allowing the user to promptly monitor the battery status and perform repairs. This prevents explosions from causing safety accidents or damaging or contaminating other parts surrounding the battery. Furthermore, the pressure sensor can also monitor whether the internal pressure of the housing 20 has returned to normal after pressure relief, facilitating subsequent refill operations.

[0070] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 As shown, both ends of the housing 20 have an open end 201 , and each open end 201 is covered by a corresponding cover plate 10 .

[0071] In other embodiments, the open end 201 may be provided at only one end of the housing 20 , and the open end 201 is covered by the cover plate 10 .

[0072] The cover plate 10 and the housing 20 may be fixed by welding.

[0073] The housing assembly further includes a positive electrode member 50 and a negative electrode member 70 . The positive electrode member 50 is connected to the housing 20 via an insulating sheet 60 , and the negative electrode member 70 is connected to the housing 20 .

[0074] The housing 20 is made of a conductive material. In this case, the housing 20 and the negative electrode member 70 function as a negative electrode as a whole.

[0075] The positive electrode 50 can be made of aluminum, the negative electrode 70 can be made of nickel, the cover 10 can be made of stainless steel, the separator 202 and the baffle 2031 can also be made of stainless steel, and the housing 20 can be made of stainless steel.

[0076] The insulating sheet 60 may also be a hot melt adhesive sheet.

[0077] In some embodiments, the positive electrode member 50 , the negative electrode member 70 and the liquid blocking assembly 40 are all disposed on the first side wall 206 to facilitate assembly.

[0078] This embodiment also discloses a battery, including a battery cell 80 and a shell assembly of any of the above-mentioned schemes, the battery cell 80 is placed in the accommodating cavity 204, the accommodating cavity 204 contains electrolyte, the positive electrode of the battery cell 80 is connected to the positive electrode member 50, and the negative electrode of the battery cell 80 is connected to the negative electrode member 70.

[0079] The housing assembly and battery of the above embodiment can achieve effective pressure relief, which is beneficial to improving the service life and safety of the battery.

[0080] All of the above optional technical solutions can be combined in any way to form optional embodiments of the present invention, that is, any multiple embodiments can be combined to meet the needs of different application scenarios. They are all within the scope of protection of this application and will not be described in detail here.

[0081] It should be noted that the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A housing assembly, characterized in that: include, a housing having an open end, a partition disposed inside the housing, the partition dividing the housing into a buffer chamber and an accommodating chamber, a pressure relief hole disposed on the partition, the buffer chamber and the accommodating chamber being connected via the pressure relief hole, and a liquid injection hole disposed on the housing, the liquid injection hole being connected to the accommodating chamber; a cover plate connected to the housing and covering the open end; an explosion-proof valve assembly, the explosion-proof valve assembly being located inside the housing and comprising a valve body and a first rubber pad, the valve body being bonded to the partition via the first rubber pad, and the valve body blocking the pressure relief hole; a liquid blocking component, the liquid blocking component blocking the liquid injection hole; In which, a baffle is also provided in the buffer chamber, which is located on one side of the partition and on the air outlet path of the pressure relief hole. The baffle and the partition are arranged non-parallel. The baffle divides the buffer chamber into a first chamber and a second chamber. The first chamber and the second chamber are connected through an airway opening. The airway opening is located in the buffer chamber. The airflow from the pressure relief hole to the first chamber is reflected by the baffle and enters the second chamber through the airway opening.

2. The housing assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The airway opening and the pressure relief hole are respectively located at two ends of the buffer cavity.

3. The housing assembly according to claim 1, wherein: A gap is provided between one end of the baffle and the inner wall of the buffer cavity to form the airway opening.

4. The housing assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The shell has a first side wall, a second side wall is provided at one end of the first side wall, and a third side wall is provided at the other end, the second side wall and the third side wall are arranged in parallel, the partition is located between the second side wall and the third side wall, and the baffle is also located between the second side wall and the third side wall, the partition is inclined at 80° to 89° relative to the second side wall, and the baffle is inclined at 90° to 100° relative to the second side wall.

5. The housing assembly according to claim 4, wherein: The liquid injection hole is provided on the first side wall.

6. The housing assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The liquid blocking component includes a liquid blocking part and a second rubber pad, and the liquid blocking part is bonded to the side wall of the shell through the second rubber pad, and the liquid blocking part blocks the liquid injection hole; wherein, the contact area between the first rubber pad and the partition is a first contact area, and the contact area between the second rubber pad and the shell is a second contact area, and the first contact area is smaller than the second contact area.

7. The housing assembly according to claim 6, wherein: A second through hole is provided on the second rubber pad, the second through hole is communicated with the accommodating cavity, the second rubber pad is located between the liquid blocking member and the side wall of the shell, and the liquid blocking member covers the second through hole.

8. The housing assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The first rubber pad is provided with a first through hole, which is communicated with the pressure relief hole. The first rubber pad is located between the valve body and the partition, and the valve body covers the first through hole.

9. The housing assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The buffer cavity is also connected to a pressure sensor.

10. The housing assembly according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode. The positive electrode is connected to the shell through an insulating sheet, and the negative electrode is connected to the shell.

11. A battery, characterized in that: It comprises a battery core and the housing assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the battery core is placed in the accommodating cavity.

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