Feed network and antenna

Abstract

The utility model discloses a feed network and an antenna, and belongs to the technical field of antennas. The feed network comprises a cavity, a transmission structure and a supporting and fixing structure, and the transmission structure is located in the accommodating cavity; and the supporting and fixing structure is also positioned in the accommodating cavity and is configured to support and fix the transmission structure and reduce the loss of the feed network. The supporting and fixing structure capable of reducing the loss of the feed network is arranged in the cavity to support and fix the transmission structure, so that the loss of the feed network can be improved, and the transmission performance of the feed network is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a feeding network and an antenna having the feeding network. Background Art

[0002] The feed network is an essential component of a base station antenna. It feeds signals to the radiating element at a specific amplitude and phase, or transmits received signals to the base station's processing unit at a specific amplitude and phase. Current feed networks typically consist of a cavity and a transmission structure within the cavity. This type of feed network has several drawbacks, such as coupling between signal lines within the transmission structure, which affects the feed network's transmission performance, and a high proportion of non-air dielectric within the cavity, resulting in high losses. Therefore, there is an urgent need to address these issues with existing feed networks.

[0003] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to increase the understanding of the overall background of the present invention, and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a feeding network and an antenna, which can at least improve the loss of the feeding network and thus improve the transmission performance of the feeding network.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, an embodiment of the present invention provides a feeding network, comprising:

[0006] The cavity includes a receiving cavity;

[0007] a transmission structure, located in the receiving cavity;

[0008] The supporting and fixing structure is located in the receiving cavity and is configured to support and fix the transmission structure and reduce the loss of the feeding network.

[0009] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the transmission structure is a metal strip line, and the metal strip line is installed in the receiving cavity through the supporting and fixing structure.

[0010] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the supporting and fixing structure includes a bearing surface, and the metal strip line is fixed to the bearing surface.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the bearing surface is provided with a snap-fit ​​structure, and the metal strip line is fixed to the bearing surface via the snap-fit ​​structure.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the supporting and fixing structure includes at least one hollow portion configured to reduce volume.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the transmission structure is a printed circuit board, and the printed circuit board is installed in the receiving cavity through the supporting and fixing structure.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the supporting and fixing structure includes at least one supporting element.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a guide structure is provided in the receiving cavity, and the printed circuit board is installed in the receiving cavity through the guide structure.

[0016] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the guide structure includes a first guide groove and a second guide groove formed in the cavity wall of the receiving cavity, and the two ends of the printed circuit board can be respectively inserted into the first guide groove and the second guide groove.

[0017] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, an isolation portion is provided in the receiving chamber, the isolation portion is connected to the cavity wall of the receiving chamber, and divides the receiving chamber into a first chamber and a second chamber, the isolation portion includes an opening, the first chamber and the second chamber are connected through the opening, the transmission structure passes through the opening of the isolation portion, and is located in the first chamber and the second chamber.

[0018] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a first phase-shifting structure is provided in the first chamber, and the first phase-shifting structure is located between the transmission structure and a cavity wall of the first chamber.

[0019] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a second phase-shifting structure is further provided in the first chamber, and the transmission structure is located between the first phase-shifting structure and the second phase-shifting structure.

[0020] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the supporting and fixing structure is located in the second cavity.

[0021] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, in the first chamber, the distances between the transmission structure and two opposite walls of the first chamber are d1 and d2 respectively, and d1 is greater than, less than or equal to d2.

[0022] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, in the first chamber, the distances between the transmission structure and two opposite walls of the first chamber are d1 and d2 respectively, and d1 is greater than, less than or equal to d2.

[0023] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the isolation portion includes a first isolation wall, which is provided on a cavity wall of the receiving cavity and spaced apart from an opposite cavity wall of the receiving cavity to form the opening.

[0024] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the isolation portion includes a first isolation wall and a second isolation wall, the first isolation wall is arranged on a cavity wall of the receiving cavity, and the second isolation wall is arranged on the opposite cavity wall of the receiving cavity, and the first isolation wall and the second isolation wall are spaced apart to form the opening.

[0025] An embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna, comprising the above-mentioned feeding network.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, (1) the feeding network and antenna of the present invention can isolate the coupling path between signal lines by setting an isolation part in the cavity, thereby reducing the coupling between lines and improving the transmission performance.

[0027] (2) The feed network and antenna of the present invention can further reduce the proportion of non-air medium in the receiving cavity and thus reduce losses by adopting a relatively small supporting and fixing structure, or a single phase shifter structure, or a transmission structure using a metal strip line.

[0028] (3) The feed network and antenna of the present invention can further reduce costs by using fewer supporting structures or phase-shifting structures, and also have the advantages of simple structure and easy assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of a feed network structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding network structure when the transmission structure is a metal stripline;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the metal strip line and the supporting fixed structure;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding network structure when the transmission structure is a metal stripline;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding network structure when the transmission structure is a printed circuit board;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a transmission structure when the transmission structure is a printed circuit board;

[0035] Figure 7Schematic diagram of the feeding network structure when two phase-shifting structures are set in the cavity.

[0036] Description of main reference numerals:

[0037] 10-cavity, 10a-upper cavity wall, 10b-lower cavity wall, 11-receiving cavity, 11a-first cavity, 11b-second cavity, 12-isolation part, 12a-first isolation wall, 12b-second isolation wall, 121-opening, 20-transmission structure, 30-phase shifting structure, 40-supporting and fixing structure, 41-bearing surface, 42-snap-lock structure, 43-hollow structure, 50-guide structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.

[0039] Unless expressly stated otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprise" or variations such as "include" or "comprising", etc., will be understood to include the stated elements or components but not to exclude other elements or other components.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a feeding network is provided in a cavity 10 thereof, wherein a supporting and fixing structure 40 capable of reducing the loss of the feeding network is provided to support and fix the transmission structure 20, thereby improving the loss of the feeding network and improving the transmission performance of the feeding network; on the other hand, an isolation portion 12 including an opening 121 is provided in the cavity 10 thereof, wherein the isolation portion 12 divides the cavity 10 into two chambers, and the transmission structure 20 passes through the opening 121 of the isolation portion 12 and is located in the two chambers. The isolation portion 12 can interrupt the coupling path between the signal lines in the transmission structure 20, thereby reducing the coupling between the lines and improving the transmission performance of the feeding network.

[0041] Specifically, if Figure 1As shown, the feeding network includes a cavity 10, a transmission structure 20 and a supporting and fixing structure 40. The cavity 10 is a hollow structure, which includes a receiving cavity 11 and an isolation portion 12. The receiving cavity 11 is constructed to accommodate components such as the transmission structure 20. The isolation portion 12 is constructed to interrupt the coupling path between the signal lines in the transmission structure 20 to reduce inter-line coupling. It includes an opening 121 for the transmission structure 20 to pass through, which is connected to the cavity wall of the receiving cavity 11 to divide the receiving cavity 11 into a first cavity 11a and a second cavity 11b. The transmission structure 20 is arranged in the receiving cavity 11, passes through the opening 121 of the isolation portion 12, and is located in the first cavity 11a and the second cavity 11b. Through the provision of the isolation portion 12, the coupling path between the signal line in the first cavity 11a and the signal line in the second cavity 11b in the transmission structure 20 can be interrupted, thereby reducing inter-line coupling and improving the transmission performance of the feeding network.

[0042] Furthermore, the isolation portion 12 includes a first isolation wall 12a and a second isolation wall 12b. Figure 1 The second isolation wall 12b is connected to the opposite cavity wall of the receiving cavity 11 (as shown in FIG. Figure 1 The first isolation wall 12a and the second isolation wall 12b are spaced apart from each other, ultimately forming the opening 121. Of course, in other embodiments, the isolation portion 12 may include only the first isolation wall 12a, which is connected to one wall of the receiving cavity 11 and spaced apart from the opposite wall of the receiving cavity 11, ultimately forming the opening 121. In specific implementations, the structure of the isolation portion 12 may be selected based on actual needs.

[0043] Further, combined with Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, to achieve phase shifting of the transmitted signal to meet practical needs, at least one phase-shifting structure 30 is further provided within the first chamber 11a. This phase-shifting structure 30 can cooperate with the signal lines on the transmission structure 20 to achieve phase shifting of the transmitted signal. As shown in the figure, when a phase-shifting structure (denoted as the first phase-shifting structure) is provided within the first chamber 11a, it is located between the transmission structure 20 and the cavity wall of the first chamber 11a. The first phase-shifting structure can cooperate with the signal lines on the transmission structure 20 to shift the phase of the transmitted signal. As shown in the figure, when two phase-shifting structures 30 are provided within the first cavity 10, they are denoted as the first phase-shifting structure and the second phase-shifting structure, respectively, with the transmission structure 20 located between the first phase-shifting structure and the second phase-shifting structure.

[0044] In a specific implementation, it is optimal to install a single phase-shifting structure 30 within the first cavity 10. Compared to installing multiple phase-shifting structures 30, installing a single phase-shifting structure 30 can reduce the proportion of non-air medium within the cavity 10, thereby reducing losses. Furthermore, installing a single phase-shifting structure 30 can further reduce costs.

[0045] In this embodiment, the first phase-shifting structure 30 and / or the second phase-shifting structure 30 include, but are not limited to, a phase-shifting medium, which covers a portion of the signal line in the transmission structure 20. When the phase-shifting medium moves relative to the transmission structure, the propagation speed of the signal on the signal line changes, thereby changing the phase of the signal.

[0046] Combine Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, a support and fixing structure 40 is provided in the receiving chamber 11. The support and fixing structure 40 is configured to support and fix the transmission structure 20 and reduce the loss of the feed network. The support and fixing structure 40 can be provided in the first chamber 11a, the second chamber 11b, or both the first chamber 11a and the second chamber 11b, and can be provided according to actual needs. Figure 2 As shown, the first chamber 11a and the second chamber 11b are both provided with a supporting and fixing structure 40. The specific structure of the supporting and fixing structure 40 can be set according to actual needs, such as setting a corresponding supporting and fixing structure 40 according to the specific type of the transmission structure 20.

[0047] In this embodiment, the specific installation position of the transmission structure 20 in the receiving cavity 11 can be set according to actual needs. Figure 1 As shown, in the first chamber 11a, the distances between the transfer structure 20 and the upper and lower walls 10a, 10b of the first chamber 11a are d1 and d2, respectively. These distances can be greater than, equal to, or less than. That is, the relationship between d1 and d2 changes as the position of the transfer structure 20 within the first chamber 11a changes. Similarly, in the second chamber 11b, the distances between the transfer structure 20 and the upper and lower walls 10a, 10b of the second chamber 11b are d1' and d2', respectively. These distances can be greater than, equal to, or less than. That is, the relationship between d1' and d2' changes as the position of the transfer structure 20 within the second chamber 11b changes.

[0048] Combine Figures 2 to 7 As shown, the supporting and fixing structure 40 reduces the proportion of non-air medium in the cavity 10 by reducing its space occupation in the cavity 10, thereby reducing the transmission loss of the feeding network and improving the transmission performance of the feeding network.

[0049] Further, combined with Figures 2 to 7 As shown, the transmission structure 20 can be selected from a metal strip line or a printed circuit board (PCB), and the specific selection can be made according to actual needs. Figures 2 and 3 As shown, when the transmission structure 20 utilizes a metal stripline, it passes through the opening 121 of the isolation portion 12 and resides within the first chamber 11a and the second chamber 11b. To facilitate the installation and fixation of the metal stripline, the supporting and fixing structure 40 in this embodiment is a relatively small plate-like member including a bearing surface 41 to which the metal stripline is mounted and fixed. In practice, the metal stripline can be mounted and fixed to the bearing surface 41 before being installed within the receiving cavity 11 to improve installation efficiency. The use of the metal stripline here also reduces the proportion of non-air medium within the cavity 10, thereby reducing transmission loss.

[0050] Of course, in other embodiments, the support and fixing structure 40 may also be composed of multiple supporting elements, such as support rods. The use of multiple support rods enables the installation and fixation of the metal stripline. Furthermore, the use of support rods and other supporting elements to support and fix the stripline can reduce the proportion of non-air medium within the cavity 10, thereby reducing transmission loss.

[0051] Furthermore, to secure the metal stripline to the support surface 41, a snap-fit ​​structure 42 is provided on the support surface 41. This snap-fit ​​structure 42 is configured to secure the metal stripline to the support surface 41, ensuring its stable installation. The snap-fit ​​structure 42 includes, but is not limited to, hooks and position-limiting structures. Of course, other securing structures may be employed in other embodiments, as long as they are capable of securing the metal stripline to the support surface 41.

[0052] Furthermore, to further reduce the volume of the support and fixing structure 40, at least one hollow structure 43 is provided on the support and fixing structure 40. The hollow structure 43 includes, but is not limited to, various through-holes, such as circular through-holes, square through-holes, etc. The provision of the hollow structure 43 effectively reduces the volume of the support and fixing structure 40, thereby reducing the proportion of the support and fixing structure 40 within the receiving cavity 11. In other words, the proportion of non-air medium is reduced, or the proportion of air medium is increased, thereby reducing losses.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, since the metal strip line is bendable, the first chamber 11a and the second chamber 11b can be stacked in a specific implementation. Figure 4As shown, first cavity 11a and second cavity 11b can be stacked in the thickness direction (vertical direction in the figure) of cavity 10. The metal strip line in second cavity 11b is bent and then passes through opening 121 into first cavity 11a. By stacking first cavity 11a and second cavity 11b, the width dimension of cavity 10 can be reduced (lateral direction in the figure), facilitating the miniaturization of the antenna design.

[0054] Combine Figures 5 to 7 As shown, when the transmission structure 20 adopts a printed circuit board (PCB), it passes through the opening 121 of the isolation portion 12 and is located in the first chamber 11a and the second chamber 11b. In order to achieve the installation and fixation of the printed circuit board, the support and fixing structure 40 includes at least one supporting element, which is connected to the printed circuit board to achieve the installation and fixation of the printed circuit board in the receiving cavity 11. The connection method between the supporting element and the printed circuit board can be set according to actual needs. For example, a through hole is set on the printed circuit board, and the supporting element can pass through the through hole and be fixedly connected to the printed circuit board. By using a supporting element to support and fix the printed circuit board, since the volume of the supporting element is relatively small (such as compared with the above-mentioned plate-like supporting and fixing structure 40), the proportion of non-air medium can be reduced, thereby reducing losses.

[0055] Of course, in other embodiments, when the transmission structure 20 adopts a printed circuit board, an integral support and fixing structure 40 can also be used to support and fix the printed circuit board. For example, the above-mentioned plate-like support and fixing structure 40 is used to support and fix the printed circuit board. The printed circuit board can be fixed on the bearing surface 41 using corresponding fixing methods, such as snap fixation.

[0056] Furthermore, to facilitate rapid assembly of the printed circuit board and ensure that the printed circuit board is correctly positioned, a guide structure 50 is provided within the receiving cavity 11. The guide structure 50 is configured to move the printed circuit board along a guide direction. Once the printed circuit board is positioned, installation of the printed circuit board can be achieved.

[0057] In this embodiment, the guide structure 50 includes a first guide groove and a second guide groove, which are spaced apart from each other. A printed circuit board is positioned between the first and second guide grooves. As shown in the figure, the first guide groove is provided on the left wall of the receiving cavity 11, and the second guide groove is provided on the right wall. During implementation, one end of the printed circuit board is inserted into the first guide groove, and the opposite end is inserted into the second guide groove. The cooperation of the first and second guide grooves ultimately enables rapid assembly of the printed circuit board.

[0058] The feed network described in the present invention, by providing an isolation portion 12 within the cavity 10, can isolate the coupling paths between signal lines, thereby reducing inter-line coupling and improving transmission performance. Furthermore, by using a relatively small supporting and fixing structure 40, or employing a single phase shifter structure, or employing a metal stripline transmission structure 20, the proportion of non-air dielectric within the receiving cavity 11 can be further reduced, thereby reducing losses. Furthermore, the feed network has the advantages of simple structure, easy assembly, and low cost.

[0059] The present invention also discloses an antenna comprising the aforementioned feed network. Because the feed network has the aforementioned advantages, the antenna also has the aforementioned advantages, which are not detailed here. The antenna includes, but is not limited to, 4G and 5G antennas.

[0060] The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are for purposes of illustration and description. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it is apparent that many modifications and variations are possible in light of the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments have been selected and described for the purpose of explaining the specific principles of the present invention and their practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to realize and utilize a variety of exemplary embodiments of the present invention and various options and variations. The scope of the present invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A feeding network, characterized in that: include: The cavity includes a receiving cavity; a transmission structure, located in the receiving cavity; The supporting and fixing structure is located in the receiving cavity and is configured to support and fix the transmission structure and reduce the loss of the feeding network.

2. The feed network according to claim 1, wherein: The transmission structure is a metal strip line, and the metal strip line is installed in the receiving cavity through the supporting and fixing structure.

3. The feed network according to claim 2, wherein: The supporting and fixing structure includes a bearing surface, and the metal strip line is fixed to the bearing surface.

4. The feed network according to claim 3, wherein: The carrying surface is provided with a buckle structure, and the metal strip line is fixed to the carrying surface through the buckle structure.

5. The feed network according to claim 1, wherein: The supporting and fixing structure includes at least one hollow portion configured to reduce volume.

6. The feed network according to claim 1, wherein: The transmission structure is a printed circuit board, and the printed circuit board is installed in the receiving cavity through the supporting and fixing structure.

7. The feeding network according to claim 6, characterized in that The supporting and fixing structure includes at least one supporting element.

8. The feed network according to claim 6, wherein: A guide structure is provided in the receiving cavity, and the printed circuit board is installed in the receiving cavity through the guide structure.

9. The feed network according to claim 8, characterized in that The guide structure includes a first guide groove and a second guide groove formed on the cavity wall of the receiving cavity, and the two ends of the printed circuit board can be respectively inserted into the first guide groove and the second guide groove.

10. The feed network according to claim 1, wherein: An isolation portion is provided in the receiving chamber, which is connected to the cavity wall of the receiving chamber and divides the receiving chamber into a first chamber and a second chamber. The isolation portion includes an opening, and the first chamber and the second chamber are connected through the opening. The transmission structure passes through the opening of the isolation portion and is located in the first chamber and the second chamber.

11. The feed network according to claim 10, wherein: A first phase-shifting structure is provided in the first chamber, and the first phase-shifting structure is located between the transmission structure and the cavity wall of the first chamber.

12. The feed network according to claim 11, wherein: A second phase-shifting structure is further provided in the first chamber, and the transmission structure is located between the first phase-shifting structure and the second phase-shifting structure.

13. The feed network according to claim 10, wherein: The supporting and fixing structure is located in the second cavity.

14. The feed network according to claim 10, wherein: In the first chamber, the distances between the transmission structure and two opposite walls of the first chamber are d1 and d2 respectively, and d1 is greater than, less than or equal to d2.

15. The feed network according to claim 10, wherein: In the second chamber, the distances between the transmission structure and two opposite walls of the second chamber are d1' and d2' respectively, and d1' is greater than, less than or equal to d2'.

16. The feed network according to claim 10, wherein: The isolation portion includes a first isolation wall, which is arranged on a cavity wall of the receiving cavity and is spaced apart from an opposite cavity wall of the receiving cavity to form the opening.

17. The feed network according to claim 10, wherein: The isolation portion includes a first isolation wall and a second isolation wall. The first isolation wall is provided on one cavity wall of the receiving cavity, and the second isolation wall is provided on the opposite cavity wall of the receiving cavity. The first isolation wall and the second isolation wall are spaced apart to form the opening.

18. An antenna, characterized in that: A feeding network comprising the feed network according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

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