Vehicle-mounted power supply device, combined power supply module and vehicle-mounted low-voltage power distribution unit

Abstract

The utility model provides a vehicle-mounted power supply device, a combined power supply module and a vehicle-mounted low-voltage power distribution unit, and the device comprises a power conversion circuit and a housing. A power battery in the vehicle can provide one path of power supply for the battery management system through the first direct current output port by using the power conversion circuit, and a low-voltage battery in the vehicle can also provide another path of power supply for the battery management system through the second direct current output port. Even if the power battery breaks down, the power conversion circuit is damaged or a load connected with the first direct current output port is short-circuited, the low-voltage battery can still continue to supply power to the battery management system through the second direct current output port, so that the power battery can work normally, and the usability and safety of the vehicle-mounted power supply device are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electric vehicle power supply, and in particular to an on-board power supply device, a combined power supply module, and an on-board low-voltage power distribution unit. Background Art

[0002] The power supply of electric vehicles generally consists of a power battery and a low-voltage battery. With the development of electric vehicles, the number of various loads and devices continues to increase, leading to a growing demand for low-voltage power supply within the vehicle, which in turn increases the failure rate. The demands for autonomous driving and driving safety have placed high demands on the reliability of the low-voltage power supply. Currently, the low-voltage power supply within a vehicle is provided not only by the low-voltage battery but also by the power battery through a direct current-to-direct current (DC-DC) converter.

[0003] To meet higher functional safety requirements, a combined backup power supply is required for critical loads. Currently, the battery management system (BMS) in electric vehicles lacks a combined backup power supply design. Therefore, it is necessary to design an onboard power supply device to provide redundant power to the BMS, thereby ensuring the availability and safety of the onboard power supply device. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present application provides an on-board power supply device, a combined power supply module and an on-board low-voltage distribution unit, which are used to provide redundant power supply for the battery management system that controls the power battery, so that the power battery can work normally, thereby ensuring the availability and safety of the on-board power supply device.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an on-vehicle power supply device, comprising a power conversion circuit, a DC input terminal, a first DC output terminal, and a second DC output terminal. The DC input terminal receives DC power output from a power battery, the first DC output terminal outputs a first DC power, and the second DC output terminal outputs a second DC power via a switching circuit. The voltages of the first and second DC powers are less than the voltage of the DC power output from the power battery. The on-vehicle power supply device also includes a housing that houses the power conversion circuit and the switching circuit. The housing includes a DC input port, a first DC output port, and a second DC output port. The DC input port is electrically connected to the power battery and the DC input terminal, the first DC output port is electrically connected to the first DC output terminal and the power battery's battery management system, and the second DC output port is electrically connected to the switching circuit, a low-voltage battery, and the battery management system.

[0006] Through the structure of the on-board power supply device provided in this application, the power battery in the vehicle can use the power conversion circuit to provide one way of power supply to the battery management system through the first DC output port, and the low-voltage battery in the vehicle can also use the second DC output port to provide another way of power supply to the battery management system. Even if the power battery fails, the power conversion circuit is damaged, or the load connected to the first DC output port is short-circuited, the low-voltage battery can continue to supply power to the battery management system through the second DC output port, so that the power battery can work normally, thereby ensuring the availability and safety of the on-board power supply device.

[0007] As a possible implementation, when the first DC power output port is short-circuited or the power conversion circuit fails, the switch circuit is disconnected, and the on-board power supply device is used to receive power from the low-voltage battery through the second DC power output port and supply power to the battery management system.

[0008] If a short circuit occurs in the load connected to the first or second DC output port, the switch circuit opens, isolating the short circuit at the load connected to the first or second DC output port and ensuring normal power supply to the unshorted DC output port. At this point, the onboard power supply device can still receive power from the low-voltage battery at the second DC output port, using the low-voltage battery to supply power to the battery management system. This way, since the battery management system is functioning properly, the power battery can also function normally. Once the short circuit at the first DC output port is no longer present or the power conversion circuit fault is repaired, the power battery can resume outputting the first DC power to the first DC output port through the power conversion circuit.

[0009] As a possible implementation, the first DC power output port is also used to connect to a first load. When the first load is short-circuited, the switch circuit is disconnected, and the on-board power supply device is used to receive power from the low-voltage battery through the second DC power output port and supply power to the battery management system.

[0010] When the first load is short-circuited, the voltage of the first DC output port will reach the undervoltage point. In order to isolate the fault of the first DC output port, the switch circuit will also be disconnected, and the low-voltage battery will be used to power the battery management system. The power battery can also work normally. Once the fault of the first load is repaired, the power battery can again output the first DC power to the first load through the power conversion circuit.

[0011] As a possible implementation, the first DC output port is used to connect to a first load through a first fuse, and the second DC output port is used to connect to the first load through a second fuse. When the first load is short-circuited, the switching circuit is disconnected and the power conversion circuit remains in the started state until the first fuse blows.

[0012] The fuse can provide short-circuit protection and overload protection. When the first DC output port is short-circuited, the first fuse can cut off the connection between the first load and the on-board power supply device. When the second DC output port is short-circuited, the second fuse can cut off the connection between the second load and the on-board power supply device, thereby protecting the on-board power supply device, the first load and the second load.

[0013] When the first load is short-circuited, the power conversion circuit will quickly stop outputting. Although the switch circuit cuts off the path of the second load through the second fuse, the faulty load is still connected to the on-board power supply device because the first fuse has not blown. Therefore, the present application proposes that when the first load is short-circuited, not only the switch circuit should be disconnected, but also the power conversion circuit should be kept in the started state to cause the first fuse to blow. In this way, after the first fuse blows, the short-circuited first load can be completely disconnected from the on-board power supply device, thereby ensuring that the on-board power supply device can continue to provide stable power to the battery management system and the second load connected through the second DC output port.

[0014] As a possible implementation, the first DC output port is used to connect to the first load through a first fuse, and the second DC output port is used to connect to the first load through a second fuse. During the process of the on-board power supply device supplying power to the first load, when the first load is short-circuited, the power conversion circuit is restarted after being disconnected until the first fuse blows.

[0015] When the first load is short-circuited, in order to isolate the first load, the on-board power supply device will restart the power conversion circuit after it is turned off due to the short circuit of the first load, so that current flows through the first fuse. During this process, if the power conversion circuit is turned off again due to the short circuit of the first load, the power conversion circuit will be restarted again. The repeated startup of the power conversion circuit allows current to continuously flow through the first fuse until the first fuse blows, thereby isolating the short-circuited first load, thereby ensuring that the on-board power supply device can continue to provide stable power supply to the battery management system and the second load connected through the second DC output port.

[0016] As a possible implementation, when the second DC output port is short-circuited and the switch circuit is disconnected, the on-board power supply device is used to receive power from the power battery through the DC input port and supply power to the battery management system.

[0017] Since there are switching devices in the power conversion circuit, if the power conversion circuit is kept in the started state when the first load is short-circuited, the switching devices inside the power conversion circuit may be damaged. In the present application, when the first load is short-circuited, the switching circuit is controlled to disconnect, and the power conversion circuit is restarted after disconnecting the power conversion circuit until the first fuse blows. After the first fuse blows, the first load that has a short-circuit fault can be completely disconnected from the on-board power supply device, which can not only protect the switching devices of the power conversion circuit, but also ensure that the on-board power supply device can normally supply power to the battery management system connected to the second DC output port and the second load.

[0018] As a possible implementation, the first DC power output port and the second DC power output port are used to connect to the battery management system through a combined power supply module. The combined power supply module includes two input terminals, two output terminals and two protection devices. One input terminal of the combined power supply module is used to input the first DC power, and the other input terminal of the combined power supply module is used to input the second DC power. The first DC power is used to input into an output terminal of the combined power supply module through a protection device, and the second DC power is used to input into the other output terminal of the combined power supply module through another protection device. The battery management system is used to receive the first DC power through one output terminal of the combined power supply module, and to receive the second DC power through the other output terminal of the combined power supply module.

[0019] When the protection device is a fuse, if the first DC output port is short-circuited, the corresponding fuse will blow, thereby isolating the short-circuit fault of the first DC output port from the battery management system. When the protection device is a diode, the unidirectional diode can prevent the first DC power output from the first DC output port from flowing back into the second DC output port, and can also prevent the second DC power output from the second DC output port from flowing back into the first DC output port.

[0020] As a possible implementation, an on-board power supply device includes a power factor correction circuit, a power conversion circuit, and a switching circuit. The on-board power supply device receives AC power from the power grid and converts the AC power into high-voltage DC power via the power factor correction circuit and the power conversion circuit. The high-voltage DC power can be used to power the power battery in the electric vehicle. The power conversion circuit includes a DC input terminal, a first DC output terminal, and a second DC output terminal. The DC input terminal is used to receive DC power from the power battery, the first DC output terminal is used to output a first DC power, and the second DC output terminal is used to output a second DC power via the switching circuit. The first and second DC power are then used to power low-voltage loads.

[0021] In this way, cost and space can be saved, and the on-board power supply device can not only charge the power battery, but also supply power to the low-voltage loads in the electric vehicle or charge the low-voltage power supply.

[0022] In the second aspect, the present application provides a combined power supply module, which includes two input terminals and two output terminals, wherein one input terminal is used to connect to the DC output terminal of the DCDC converter, and the DCDC converter is used to step down the DC power output by the power battery and output the first DC power through the DC output terminal; the other input terminal is used to connect to a low-voltage battery, and the low-voltage battery is used to output the second DC power; the load is used to receive power from the DCDC converter through one output terminal of the combined power supply module, and to receive power from the low-voltage battery through the other output terminal of the combined power supply module.

[0023] Among them, the loads connected to the two output ends can be the battery management system of the power battery, ensuring the backup redundant power supply of the battery management system, thereby ensuring the battery management system's control over the power battery and improving the availability and safety of the power battery.

[0024] As a possible implementation, the combined power supply module includes two diodes, the anode of one diode is used to connect to one input terminal, the anode of the other diode is used to connect to another input terminal, the cathode of one diode is used to connect to one output terminal, and the cathode of the other diode is used to connect to another output terminal.

[0025] The unidirectional conducting diode can prevent the DC power output from the DC output end of the DCDC converter from flowing back into the low-voltage battery, and can also prevent the DC power output from the low-voltage battery from flowing back into the DCDC converter.

[0026] As a possible implementation, the combined power supply module includes two connecting switches and a controller, one end of one connecting switch is used to connect an input end, one end of the other connecting switch is used to connect another input end, the other end of one connecting switch is used to connect an output end, and the other end of the other connecting switch is used to connect another output end, and the controller is used to: in response to the current passing through any one of the connecting switches being greater than a preset current, control the connecting switch with a current greater than the preset current to disconnect.

[0027] The controller in the combined power supply module provided in the present application can control the connection switch to disconnect when the current of any connection switch is greater than the preset current, thereby preventing excessive current from damaging the load or battery management system.

[0028] As a possible implementation, the combined power supply module includes a housing, two input terminals and two output terminals are arranged on the surface of the housing, and the housing of the combined power supply module has the same structure as the housing of an automotive relay.

[0029] Designing the combined power module housing as an automotive relay allows for direct reuse of space within the vehicle's low-voltage power distribution unit (LVDPU), thereby expanding the vehicle's electrical functionality. Integrating the combined power module into the LVDPU not only improves space utilization but also simplifies electrical system layout and maintenance. The combined power module's form factor allows for more flexible expansion of electric vehicle electrical functionality. Using the combined power module provides redundant backup power to the battery management system, ensuring control of the power battery by the BMS and improving both battery availability and safety.

[0030] In the third aspect, the present application provides a vehicle-mounted low-voltage power distribution unit, which is used to receive power from a DCDC converter and a low-voltage battery and supply power to multiple low-voltage loads of an electric vehicle. The vehicle-mounted low-voltage power distribution unit includes at least one plug interface, and the at least one plug interface is used to plug in the combined power supply module of the second aspect.

[0031] Through this plug interface, the combined power supply module can be plugged into the on-board low-voltage power distribution unit, thereby improving space utilization efficiency, simplifying the layout and maintenance of the electrical system, and providing the on-board low-voltage power distribution unit with the redundant power supply function of the combined power supply module.

[0032] As a possible implementation, the on-board low-voltage power distribution unit includes a controller, and the combined power supply module includes two connecting switches, one end of one connecting switch is used to connect an input end, one end of the other connecting switch is used to connect another input end, the other end of one connecting switch is used to connect an output end, and the other end of the other connecting switch is used to connect another output end, and the controller is used to: in response to the current passing through any one of the connecting switches being greater than a preset current, control the connecting switch with a current greater than the preset current to disconnect.

[0033] The controller of the on-board low-voltage power distribution unit can control any connecting switch to disconnect when the current of the connecting switch is greater than the preset current, thereby preventing excessive current from damaging the load or battery management system.

[0034] In a fourth aspect, an electric vehicle is provided, comprising the on-board power supply device according to the first aspect, the combined power supply module according to the second aspect, and the on-board low-voltage power distribution unit according to the third aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the application scenario of the vehicle power supply system provided for this application;

[0036] Figure 2 A connection diagram of the vehicle power supply system provided for this application;

[0037] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle power supply device provided in this application Figure 1 ;

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the switching circuit provided in this application;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the on-board power supply device provided in this application. Figure 1 ;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the on-board power supply device provided in this application. Figure 2 ;

[0041] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle power supply device provided in this application Figure 2 ;

[0042] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle power supply device provided in this application Figure 3 ;

[0043] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle power supply device provided in this application Figure 4 ;

[0044] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle power supply device provided in this application Figure 5 ;

[0045] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle power supply device provided in this application Figure 6 ;

[0046] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle power supply device provided in this application Figure 7 ;

[0047] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle power supply device provided in this application Figure 8 ;

[0048] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle power supply device provided in this application Figure 9 ;

[0049] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the structure of another vehicle-mounted power supply device provided in this application;

[0050] Figure 16 Connection diagram of the combined power supply module provided in this application Figure 1 ;

[0051] Figure 17 Connection diagram of the combined power supply module provided in this application Figure 2 ;

[0052] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the combined power supply module housing provided in this application;

[0053] Figure 19 This is a structural diagram of the on-board low-voltage power distribution unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be understood as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present application more comprehensive and complete, and to fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same figure marks in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and their repeated descriptions will be omitted. The words expressing position and direction described in this application are all explained using the accompanying drawings as examples, but changes can be made as needed, and the changes made are all included in the scope of protection of this application. The drawings of this application are only used to illustrate the relative position relationship and do not represent the true proportion.

[0055] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific operating methods in the method embodiments can also be applied to device embodiments or system embodiments. It should be noted that in the description of the present application, "at least one" refers to one or more, wherein "a plurality" refers to two or more. In view of this, "a plurality" can also be understood as "at least two" in this embodiment. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / ", unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. In addition, it should be understood that in the description of the present application, words such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying order.

[0056] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, "connection" refers to electrical connection, and the connection between two electrical components can be a direct or indirect connection between the two electrical components. For example, the connection between A and B can be either a direct connection between A and B, or an indirect connection between A and B through one or more other electrical components. For example, the connection between A and B can also be a direct connection between A and C, and C and B can be directly connected, with A and B connected through C.

[0057] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. The vehicle power supply system provided by this application is suitable for electric vehicle application scenarios, see Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the application scenario of the vehicle power supply system provided by this application. Figure 1 As shown, the electric vehicle includes a power battery, a low-voltage battery, a low-voltage load group and an on-board power supply system, wherein the on-board power supply system is used to power the low-voltage load group based on the direct current provided by the power battery or the low-voltage battery.

[0058] See Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a connection diagram of the on-board power supply system provided in this application. The power battery of the on-board power supply system can provide power to the A-line load through a DCDC converter. The power battery can also provide power to the B-line load through a DCDC converter and a switch. The DCDC converter is mainly used to convert the high-voltage direct current provided by the power battery into low-voltage direct current. The low-voltage battery of the on-board power supply system provides power to the B-line load. The low-voltage battery can also provide power to the A-line load through a switch. The A-line load and the B-line load may include various low-voltage electrical equipment in the electric vehicle.

[0059] When a load in path A or path B shorts, the voltage at the corresponding port reaches an undervoltage state, causing the switch to open, isolating the short-circuited load. Currently, battery management systems in electric vehicles lack a combined backup power supply design. Therefore, to ensure the DCDC converter can output power normally after the switch is opened, the battery management system is used to power the path A load.

[0060] When a load in line A is short-circuited, the port connected to the load in line A reaches an undervoltage state. At this time, the switch will be disconnected, and the DCDC converter will stop working due to the short circuit of a load in line A. In this way, the load in line A can neither receive power from the DCDC converter nor from the low-voltage battery. Since the battery management system is powered off, the power battery will not work, causing the entire on-board power supply system to fail, making the electric vehicle unable to continue driving and even causing danger.

[0061] Therefore, the present application provides a vehicle-mounted power supply device, which can provide redundant power supply for the battery management system, thereby ensuring the reliability of the battery management system's control over the power battery and improving the availability and safety of the vehicle-mounted power supply device.

[0062] See Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3The on-board power supply device 300 is used to provide backup power for the battery management system 301 , and includes a power conversion circuit 302 , a housing 303 , and a switch circuit 304 .

[0063] Among them, the power conversion circuit 302 includes a DC input terminal 3021, a first DC output terminal 3022 and a second DC output terminal 3023. The DC input terminal 3021 is used to receive DC power output by the power battery 305, the first DC output terminal 3022 is used to output a first DC power, and the second DC output terminal 3023 is used to output a second DC power through the switching circuit 304.

[0064] The shell 303 is used to accommodate the power conversion circuit 302 and the switching circuit 304. The shell 303 includes a DC input port 3031, a first DC output port 3032 and a second DC output port 3033. The DC input port is used to electrically connect the power battery 305 and the DC input end 3021. The first DC output port 3032 is used to electrically connect the first DC output end 3022 and the battery management system 301 of the power battery 305. The second DC output port 3033 is used to electrically connect the switching circuit 304, the low-voltage battery 306 and the battery management system 301.

[0065] The power battery 305 can be a large-capacity, high-power battery that can provide high-voltage direct current. The battery includes at least one of the following types of batteries: lead-acid battery, lithium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, lithium polymer battery and nickel-cadmium battery, etc. It should be noted that any device or device that can be used to store and / or release electrical energy can be used as the battery of this application. When the electric vehicle is driving, the power battery 305 can drive the motor to work, and the motor in turn drives the wheels to rotate, thereby realizing the movement of the electric vehicle.

[0066] The DC input port is used to electrically connect the power battery 305 and the DC input terminal 3021. The power battery 305 is connected to the DC input terminal 3021 of the power conversion circuit 302 through the DC input port. The power battery 305 is used to input high-voltage DC power into the DC input terminal 3021 of the power conversion circuit 302.

[0067] The power conversion circuit 302 includes two output terminals: a first DC output terminal 3022 for outputting a first DC power, and a second DC output terminal 3023 for outputting a second DC power. Furthermore, the second DC output terminal 3023 is used to output the second DC power via the switch circuit 304. The first DC power and the second DC power can have the same voltage or different voltages. It should be noted that both the voltage of the first DC power and the voltage of the second DC power are lower than the voltage of the DC power output by the power battery 305.

[0068] When the voltage of the first DC power is the same as that of the second DC power, the power conversion circuit 302 outputs the same DC power through two output ends with different paths. When the voltage of the first DC power can be different from that of the second DC power, the power conversion circuit 302 includes a primary circuit and two secondary circuits. The two secondary circuits output DC power of different voltages respectively, thereby providing DC power of different voltages to the load or battery management system 301 connected to the first DC power output port 3032 and the second DC power output port 3033.

[0069] Optionally, even if the power conversion circuit 302 cannot provide power to the load or battery management system 301 connected to the second DC output port 3033 , the low-voltage battery 306 can continue to provide power to the load or battery management system 301 connected to the second DC output port 3033 .

[0070] In which, the switching circuit 304 can include multiple switching devices, each of which can be one or more mechanical switches or electronic switches. The function or working state of the switch in the switching circuit 304 is: when the switch is in the on state, the second DC output terminal 3023 can output the second DC power to the second DC power output port 3033 via the switch; when the switch is in the off state, the second DC output terminal 3023 cannot output the second DC power to the second DC power output port 3033.

[0071] For example, see Figure 4 As shown, the switch circuit 304 can be an active power switch (APS) structure. The APS includes: a first switch 401, a second switch 402, a first diode 403, and a second diode 404. The first end of the first switch 401 serves as the first end of the switch circuit 304, the second end of the first switch 401 is connected to the first end of the second switch 402, and the second end of the second switch 402 serves as the second end of the switch circuit 304. The first diode 403 is connected in parallel with the first switch 401, and the second diode 404 is connected in parallel with the second switch 402. The cathode of the first diode 403 is connected to the first end of the first switch 401, the anode of the first diode 403 is connected to the anode of the second diode 404, and the cathode of the second diode 404 is connected to the second end of the second switch 402.

[0072] When the first switch 401 in the APS is in the on state and the second switch 402 is in the on state, the current output by the second DC output terminal 3023 of the power conversion circuit 302 can be transmitted to the second DC output port 3033 via the first switch 401 and the second switch 402, and the current output by the low-voltage battery 306 can be transmitted to the first DC output port 3032 via the second switch 402 and the first switch 401.

[0073] When the first switch 401 is in the on state and the second switch 402 is in the off state, the current output by the second DC output terminal 3023 of the power conversion circuit 302 can be transmitted to the second DC output port 3033 via the first switch 401 and the second diode 404, and the current output by the low-voltage battery 306 cannot be transmitted to the first DC output port 3032.

[0074] When the first switch 401 is in the off-circuit state and the second switch 402 is in the on-circuit state, the current output by the low-voltage battery 306 can be transmitted to the first DC output port 3032 via the second switch 402 and the first diode 403, and the current output by the second DC output terminal 3023 of the power conversion circuit 302 cannot be transmitted to the second DC output port 3033.

[0075] When the first switch 401 is in the open state and the second switch 402 is in the open state, the current output by the second DC output terminal 3023 of the power conversion circuit 302 cannot be transmitted to the second DC output port 3033, and the current output by the low-voltage battery 306 cannot be transmitted to the first DC output port 3032.

[0076] In the process of the on-board voltage device outputting electric energy to the first DC output port 3032 and the second DC output port 3033 , when the output voltage of the power conversion circuit 302 or the low-voltage battery 306 is normal, the switch circuit 304 is turned on by default.

[0077] When a short circuit fault occurs in the load connected to the first DC output port 3032 or the second DC output port 3033, the switch circuit 304 is disconnected, thereby isolating the short circuit fault in the load connected to the first DC output port 3032 or the second DC output port 3033 to ensure normal power supply to the DC output port that is not short-circuited.

[0078] As a possible implementation, when the first DC power output port is short-circuited 3032 or the power conversion circuit 302 fails, the switch circuit 304 is disconnected, and the on-board power supply device 300 is used to receive power from the low-voltage battery 306 through the second DC power output port 3033 and supply power to the battery management system 301.

[0079] See Figure 5 As shown, when the first DC output port 3032 is short-circuited or the power conversion circuit 302 fails, the switch circuit 304 will be disconnected in order to isolate the fault occurring at the first DC output port.

[0080] Among them, the vehicle power supply device 300 includes a switch circuit 304 control unit, which is used to detect the voltage of the first DC output port 3032. When the voltage of the first DC output port 3032 reaches the undervoltage point, the switch circuit 304 control unit controls the switch circuit 304 to disconnect.

[0081] At this point, the on-board power supply device 300 can still receive power from the low-voltage battery 306 through the second DC power output port 3033, and use the low-voltage battery 306 to supply power to the battery management system 301. As a result, since the battery management system 301 is functioning normally, the power battery 305 can also function normally. Once the short circuit at the first DC power output port 3032 is no longer present or the fault in the power conversion circuit 302 is repaired, the power battery 305 can again output the first DC power to the first DC power output port 3032 through the power conversion circuit 302.

[0082] See Figure 6 As shown, when a short circuit occurs at the second DC output port 3033, the switch circuit 304 is disconnected to isolate the fault at the second DC output port 3033. At this point, the onboard power supply device 300 can still receive power from the power battery 305 via the DC input port 3031. The power battery 305 then uses the power conversion circuit 302 to supply power to the battery management system 301 via the first DC output port 3032. As the battery management system 301 is functioning normally, the power battery 305 can also function normally. Once the short circuit at the second DC output port 3033 is no longer present or the fault in the power conversion circuit 302 is repaired, the power battery 305 can again use the power conversion circuit 302 to output the second DC power to the second DC output port 3033 via the switch circuit 304.

[0083] See Figure 7 As shown, the first DC output port is also used to connect to the first load 601. When the first load 601 is short-circuited, the switch circuit 304 is disconnected, and the on-board power supply device 300 is used to receive power from the low-voltage battery 306 through the second DC output port 3033 and supply power to the battery management system 301.

[0084] When the first load 601 is short-circuited, similarly, the voltage of the first DC output port 3032 will reach the undervoltage point. In order to isolate the fault of the first DC output port 3032, the switch circuit 304 will also be disconnected, and the low-voltage battery 306 will be used to supply power to the battery management system 301. The power battery 305 can also work normally. Once the fault in the first load 601 is repaired, the power battery 305 can again output the first DC power to the first load 601 through the power conversion circuit 302.

[0085] See Figure 8As shown, the second DC output port 3033 is also used to connect the second load 701. When the second load 701 is short-circuited, the switch circuit 304 is disconnected, and the on-board power supply device 300 is used to receive power from the power battery 305 and the power conversion circuit 302 through the first DC output port 3032 to supply power to the battery management system 301.

[0086] When the second load 701 is short-circuited, the voltage of the second DC output port 3033 will reach the undervoltage point. In order to isolate the fault on the second DC output port, the switch circuit 304 will also be disconnected, and the power battery 305 will be used to supply power to the battery management system 301. The power battery 305 can also operate normally. Once the fault in the second load 701 is repaired, the power battery 305 can again output the second DC power to the second load 701 through the power conversion circuit 302 and the switch circuit 304.

[0087] As a possible implementation, the vehicle power supply device 300 further includes a voltage detection circuit, which is used to detect the voltage of the first DC output port 3032 and the voltage of the second DC output port 3033 to determine whether the first / second DC output port is undervoltage.

[0088] It should be noted that the first load 601 may represent a group of loads, and the second load 701 may also represent a group of loads, which may include at least one electrical load, and the first load 601 may also include at least one electrical load. The function of one electrical load in the second load 701 may be the same as that of one electrical load in the first load 601. In other words, the functions of some or all loads in the first load 601 may be the same as those of some or all loads in the second load 701.

[0089] The first load 601 or the second load 701 may include critical loads and secondary loads. The critical loads may be backed up in the first load 601 or the second load 701, respectively. The critical loads in the first load 601 or the second load 701 may include loads critical to normal driving, such as braking systems. The secondary loads of the first load 601 or the second load 701 may include, but are not limited to, a car radio and a car navigation system. The secondary loads may draw power from any port on one end of the switch circuit 304 or the other end of the switch circuit 304. Therefore, the first load 601 or the second load 701 may include different secondary loads.

[0090] The number of key loads and secondary loads connected to the first load 601 or the second load 701 can be the same or different, and any device that can be powered by a battery can be regarded as the load provided in this application.

[0091] The first load 601 or the second load 701 is connected to one end of the switching circuit 304 and the other end of the switching circuit 304 respectively to ensure that in the event of a single fault in the power battery 305 (power conversion circuit 302) and the low-voltage battery 306, one of the first load 601 or the second load 701 and the battery management system 301 can supply power normally, thereby improving the reliability of the key load in the first load 601 or the second load 701.

[0092] In some possible scenarios, the key load in the first load 601 or the second load 701 may be a load that can ensure safe driving or safe parking of the vehicle. The key load may be, but is not limited to, the following loads:

[0093] Braking system: This includes the antilock brake system (ABS) and the electronic stability program (ESP). ESP monitors the vehicle's driving state and helps maintain vehicle balance when understeering or oversteering during emergency obstacle avoidance or cornering.

[0094] Vehicle steering systems can include mechanical, power, or electric steering systems. Electric and hybrid vehicles typically use electric steering systems, also known as electronic power steering (EPS). EPS typically includes a signal sensor, a steering assist mechanism, and an electronic control unit.

[0095] The electronic stability program (ESP) can monitor the vehicle's driving status and keep the vehicle balanced when the vehicle understeers or oversteers when making an emergency attempt to avoid an obstacle or turn.

[0096] Advanced driving assistance systems (ADAS) can sense the vehicle's surroundings, collect data, or identify objects. ADAS domain controllers (ADCUs) are typically used by ADAS to implement autonomous driving-related perception, planning, and decision-making capabilities.

[0097] The vehicle domain controller (VDC) has the ability to control vehicle operation, such as drivetrain control, braking energy optimization control, vehicle energy management, fault diagnosis and processing, and vehicle status monitoring.

[0098] The front motor control unit (MCUF) can drive or control the front motor of the vehicle. The rear motor control unit (MCUR) can drive or control the rear motor of the vehicle.

[0099] The fuse can provide short circuit protection and overload protection. If the fuse fails to blow, the safety and reliability of the vehicle-mounted power supply device 300 may be easily affected.

[0100] See Figure 9 As shown, the first DC output port 3032 is used to connect to the first load 601 through the first fuse 901, and the second DC output port is used to connect to the first load 601 through the second fuse 902. When the first load 601 is short-circuited, the switch circuit 304 is disconnected and the power conversion circuit 302 remains in the started state until the first fuse 901 blows.

[0101] In the current scenario, when the first load 601 is short-circuited, the power conversion circuit 302 will also quickly shut down the output due to the short circuit of the first load 601. Since the power conversion circuit 302 stops outputting current, the first load 601 connected through the first fuse 901 and the first load 601 connected through the second fuse 902 may not be blown. Although the switch circuit 304 has been disconnected, which is equivalent to the second load 701 being unable to access the on-board power supply device 300 through the second fuse 902, the first load 601 is still connected to the on-board power supply device 300 through the first fuse 901, and the first load 601 with a short circuit fault cannot be isolated.

[0102] Therefore, when the first load 601 is short-circuited, the present application controls the switch circuit 304 to disconnect and maintains the startup state of the power conversion circuit 302, so that the first fuse 901 is blown. After the first fuse 901 is blown, the first load 601 that has a short-circuit fault can be completely disconnected from the on-board power supply device 300, thereby ensuring that the on-board power supply device 300 provides normal power to the battery management system 301 connected to the second DC output port 3033 and the second load 701.

[0103] Since the power conversion circuit 302 has a switch device, if the power conversion circuit 302 is kept in the startup state when the first load 601 is short-circuited, the switch device inside the power conversion circuit 302 may be damaged. Figure 10As shown, the first DC output port 3032 is used to connect to the first load 601 through the first fuse 901, and the second DC output port 3033 is used to connect to the first load 601 through the second fuse 902. During the process of the on-board power supply device 300 supplying power to the first load 601, when the first load 601 is short-circuited, the power conversion circuit 302 is restarted after being disconnected until the first fuse 901 blows.

[0104] The power conversion circuit 302 typically has a maximum output current limit. When the output current exceeds the set value, the circuit automatically reduces the output current or cuts off the output to prevent overload. Furthermore, the power conversion circuit 302 may have a transient overload protection function, so that even if the current exceeds the rated load for a short period of time, the circuit automatically reduces the output current or cuts off the output within a certain period of time.

[0105] Through the above-mentioned protection mechanism, when the first load 601 is short-circuited, the present application controls the switch circuit 304 to disconnect, and restarts the power conversion circuit 302 after disconnecting the power conversion circuit 302 until the first fuse 901 blows. After the first fuse 901 blows, the first load 601 that has a short-circuit fault can be completely disconnected from the on-board power supply device 300, which can not only protect the switching devices of the power conversion circuit 302, but also ensure that the on-board power supply device 300 provides normal power to the battery management system 301 and the second load 701 connected to the second DC output port 3033.

[0106] That is to say, when the first load 601 is short-circuited, the switch short circuit 304 will automatically disconnect and the power conversion circuit 302 will be disconnected. At this time, the power conversion circuit 302 stops outputting current. If the first fuse 901 is not blown, the first load 601 is still in a short-circuit state, and the on-board power supply device 300 cannot output normally. In order to isolate the first load 601, the on-board power supply device 300 provided in this application will be turned on again after the power conversion circuit 302 is turned off due to the short circuit of the first load 601, so that current flows through the first fuse 901. In this process, if the power conversion circuit 302 is turned off again due to the short circuit of the first load 601, the power conversion circuit 302 will be restarted again. This is repeated, and the power conversion circuit 302 is repeatedly started so that current continues to flow through the first fuse 901 until the first fuse 901 is blown, thereby isolating the faulty first load 601.

[0107] See Figure 11As shown, the first DC output port 3032 is used to connect to the first load 601 through the third fuse 1101, and the second DC output port is used to connect to the second load 701 through the fourth fuse 1102. When the second load 701 is short-circuited, the switch circuit 304 is disconnected and the power conversion circuit 302 remains in the started state until the third fuse 1101 blows.

[0108] In the present application, when the second load 701 is short-circuited, the control switch circuit 304 is disconnected and the power conversion circuit 302 is kept in the started state, so that the third fuse 1101 is blown. After the third fuse 1101 is blown, the second load 701 with a short-circuit fault can be completely disconnected from the on-board power supply device 300, thereby ensuring that the on-board power supply device 300 provides normal power to the battery management system 301 connected to the second DC output port 3033 and the first load 601.

[0109] If the power conversion circuit 302 is kept in the started state when the first load 601 is short-circuited, the switch device inside the power conversion circuit 302 may be damaged. Figure 12 As shown, the first DC output port 3032 is used to connect to the second load 701 through the second fuse 902, and the second DC output port 3033 is used to connect to the second load 701 through the fourth fuse 1102. During the process of the on-board power supply device 300 supplying power to the second load 701, when the second load 701 is short-circuited, the power conversion circuit 302 is restarted after being disconnected until the third fuse 1101 blows.

[0110] Through the above-mentioned protection mechanism, when the second load 701 is short-circuited, the control switch circuit 304 is disconnected, and the power conversion circuit 302 is restarted after the power conversion circuit 302 is disconnected until the third fuse 1101 blows. After the third fuse 1101 blows, the second load 701 with a short-circuit fault can be completely disconnected from the on-board power supply device 300, which can not only protect the switching devices of the power conversion circuit 302, but also ensure that the on-board power supply device 300 can normally supply power to the battery management system 301 connected to the second DC output port 3033 and the first load 601.

[0111] See Figure 13As shown, in order to ensure the safety of the battery management system 301, the first DC output port 3032 and the second DC output port 3033 are used to connect the battery management system 301 through the combined power supply module 1300. The combined power supply module 1300 includes an input terminal 1301, an input terminal 1302, an output terminal 1303, an output terminal 1304, a protection device 1305 and a protection device 1306. The input terminal 1301 of the combined power supply module 1300 is used to input the first DC power, and the input terminal 1302 of the combined power supply module 1300 is used to input the second DC power. The first DC power is used to be input to the output terminal 1303 of the combined power supply module 1300 through the protection device 1305, and the second DC power is used to be input to the output terminal 1304 of the combined power supply module 1300 through the protection device 1306. The battery management system 301 is used to receive the first DC power through the output terminal 1303 of the combined power supply module 1300, and is used to receive the second DC power through the output terminal 1304 of the combined power supply module 1300.

[0112] The protection devices 1305 and 1306 are fuses or diodes. When the protection devices 1305 and 1306 are fuses, when the first DC output port 3032 is short-circuited, the fuse corresponding to that port will blow, thereby isolating the short-circuit fault of the first DC output port 3032 from the battery management system 301. When the second DC output port 3033 is short-circuited, the fuse corresponding to that port will blow, thereby isolating the short-circuit fault of the second DC output port 3033 from the battery management system 301.

[0113] When the protection device 1305 and the protection device 1306 are diodes, refer to Figure 14 As shown, the first DC output port 3032 is used to connect to the battery management system 301 through the first diode 1401, the positive pole of the first diode 1401 is connected to the input end 1301, and the output end 1303 of the first diode 1401 is connected. The second DC output port 3033 is used to connect to the battery management system 301 through the second diode 1402, the positive pole of the second diode 1402 is connected to the input end 1302, and the cathode of the second diode 1402 is connected to the output end 1304.

[0114] In this way, the unidirectional conducting diode can prevent the first DC power output from the first DC output port 3032 from flowing back to the second DC output port 3033 , and can also prevent the second DC power output from the second DC output port 3033 from flowing back to the first DC output port 3032 .

[0115] This application also provides an on-board power supply device 300. To save cost and space, electric vehicles adopt a two-in-one design that combines an on-board charger and an on-board power supply system. In other words, an existing electric vehicle is equipped with an on-board power supply device 300 that integrates the existing on-board charger and on-board power supply system. This two-in-one on-board power supply device 300 can charge the power battery 305 and also serve the low-voltage loads and battery management system 301 in the electric vehicle.

[0116] See Figure 15 As shown, Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another vehicle-mounted power supply device provided by this application. Figure 15 As shown, the on-board power supply device 1500 primarily includes a power factor correction circuit 1501, a power conversion circuit 1502, and a switching circuit 1503. The on-board power supply device receives AC power from the power grid and converts the AC power into high-voltage DC power via the power factor correction circuit 1501 and the power conversion circuit 1502. The high-voltage DC power can be used to power the power battery in the electric vehicle. The power conversion circuit 1502 includes a DC input terminal, a first DC output terminal, and a second DC output terminal. The DC input terminal is used to receive DC power from the power battery, the first DC output terminal is used to output a first DC power, and the second DC output terminal is used to output a second DC power via the switching circuit 1503. The first and second DC powers are then used to power low-voltage loads.

[0117] In this way, cost and space can be saved, and the on-board power supply device can not only charge the power battery, but also supply power to the low-voltage loads in the electric vehicle or charge the low-voltage power supply.

[0118] Based on the same concept, see Figure 16 As shown, the present application provides a combined power supply module 1600, which includes two input terminals and two output terminals, wherein the input terminal 1601 is used to connect to the DC output terminal of the DCDC converter, and the DCDC converter is used to step down the DC power output by the power battery and output the first DC power through the DC output terminal, the input terminal 1602 is used to connect to the low-voltage battery, and the low-voltage battery is used to output the second DC power, and the output terminals 1603 and 1604 are used to connect to the load, and the load is used to receive power from the DCDC converter or the low-voltage battery through the combined power supply module 1600. The load connected to the output terminals 1603 and 1604 can be a battery management system of the power battery. In this way, the backup redundant power supply of the battery management system can be guaranteed, thereby ensuring the control of the power battery by the battery management system, thereby improving the availability and safety of the power battery.

[0119] As a possible implementation, see Figure 17As shown, the combined power supply module 1600 includes two diodes, the positive electrode of the diode 1701 is used to connect to the input end 1601, the positive electrode of the diode 1702 is used to connect to the input end 1602, the negative electrode of the diode 1701 is connected to the output end 1603, and the negative electrode of the diode 1702 is connected to the output end 1604. The unidirectional conducting diode can prevent the DC power output from the DC output end of the DCDC converter from flowing back to the low-voltage battery, and can also prevent the DC power output from the low-voltage battery from flowing back to the DCDC converter.

[0120] As a possible implementation, the combined power supply module 1600 includes two connecting switches and a controller, one end of one connecting switch is used to connect the input end 1601, one end of the other connecting switch is used to connect the input end 1602, the other end of one connecting switch is used to connect the output end 1603, and the other end of the other connecting switch is used to connect the output end 1604, and the controller is used to: in response to the current passing through any connecting switch being greater than the preset current, control the connecting switch with the current greater than the preset current to disconnect.

[0121] The controller in the combined power supply module 1600 provided in the present application can control the connection switch to be disconnected when the current of any connection switch is greater than a preset current, thereby preventing excessive current from damaging the load or the battery management system.

[0122] As a possible implementation, see Figure 18 As shown, combined power supply module 1600 includes a combined power supply module housing 1800, which is used to accommodate two diodes and / or two fuses. The onboard low-voltage power distribution unit in an electric vehicle has a plug-in interface for connecting to an automotive relay. Combined power supply module housing 1800 has the same structure as an automotive relay housing, and combined power supply module 1600 is plugged into the onboard low-voltage power distribution unit through the plug-in interface of the onboard low-voltage power distribution unit.

[0123] An automotive relay is a small electronic component, typically a square or rectangular box, made of plastic or metal. It typically has several pins for connecting to the vehicle's low-voltage power distribution unit. Controlling the relay can control its on / off state.

[0124] Designing the housing of the combined power supply module 1600 as an automotive relay allows for direct reuse of the space within the vehicle's low-voltage power distribution unit, thereby expanding the vehicle's electrical functionality. Integrating the combined power supply module 1600 into the vehicle's low-voltage power distribution unit not only improves space utilization but also simplifies the layout and maintenance of the electrical system. The morphological design of the combined power supply module 1600 allows for more flexible expansion of the electrical functionality of electric vehicles. The combined power supply module 1600 can be used to provide backup redundant power to the battery management system, thereby ensuring the battery management system's control of the power battery and improving the availability and safety of the power battery.

[0125] Based on the same concept, the present application provides a vehicle-mounted low-voltage power distribution unit, which is used to receive power from a converter and a low-voltage battery and supply power to multiple low-voltage loads of an electric vehicle.

[0126] See Figure 19 As shown, the on-board low-voltage power distribution unit includes at least one plug interface 1900, which is used to plug in the above-mentioned combined power supply module. Through this plug interface 1900, the combined power supply module 1600 can be plugged into the on-board low-voltage power distribution unit, thereby improving space utilization efficiency, simplifying the layout and maintenance of the electrical system, and providing the on-board low-voltage power distribution unit with the redundant power supply function of the combined power supply module 1600.

[0127] As a possible implementation, the on-board low-voltage power distribution unit includes a controller, and the combined power supply module includes two connecting switches, one end of one connecting switch is used to connect an input end, one end of the other connecting switch is used to connect another input end, the other end of one connecting switch is used to connect an output end, and the other end of the other connecting switch is used to connect another output end, and the controller is used to: in response to the current passing through any one of the connecting switches being greater than a preset current, control the connecting switch with a current greater than the preset current to disconnect.

[0128] The controller of the on-board low-voltage power distribution unit can control the connection switch to disconnect when the current of any connection switch is greater than the preset current, thereby preventing excessive current from damaging the load or battery management system.

[0129] Based on the same concept, the present application provides an electric vehicle, which includes the on-board power supply device provided by the above embodiment, the combined power supply module provided by the above embodiment, and the on-board low-voltage power distribution unit provided by the above embodiment.

[0130] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted power supply device, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted power supply device includes: a power conversion circuit, the power conversion circuit comprising a DC input terminal, a first DC output terminal, and a second DC output terminal, the DC input terminal being configured to receive DC power outputted by a power battery, the first DC output terminal being configured to output a first DC power, and the second DC output terminal being configured to output a second DC power via a switching circuit, wherein the voltages of the first DC power and the second DC power are less than the voltage of the DC power outputted by the power battery; a housing for accommodating the power conversion circuit and the switching circuit, the housing comprising a DC input port, a first DC output port, and a second DC output port, the DC input port being used to electrically connect the power battery and the DC input end, the first DC output port being used to electrically connect the first DC output end and the battery management system of the power battery, and the second DC output port being used to electrically connect the switching circuit, the low-voltage battery, and the battery management system; The first DC power output port and the second DC power output port are used to connect to the battery management system through a combined power supply module. The combined power supply module includes two input terminals, two output terminals and two protection devices. One input terminal of the combined power supply module is used to input the first DC power, and the other input terminal of the combined power supply module is used to input the second DC power. The first DC power is used to be input to an output terminal of the combined power supply module through a protection device, and the second DC power is used to be input to the other output terminal of the combined power supply module through another protection device. The battery management system is used to receive the first DC power through one output terminal of the combined power supply module, and to receive the second DC power through the other output terminal of the combined power supply module.

2. The vehicle-mounted power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the first DC power output port is short-circuited or the power conversion circuit fails, the switch circuit is disconnected, and the on-board power supply device is used to receive power from the low-voltage battery through the second DC power output port and supply power to the battery management system.

3. The vehicle-mounted power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first DC power output port is also used to connect a first load. When the first load is short-circuited, the switch circuit is disconnected, and the on-board power supply device is used to receive power from the low-voltage battery through the second DC power output port and supply power to the battery management system.

4. The vehicle-mounted power supply device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first DC power output port is used to connect to the first load through a first fuse, and the second DC power output port is used to connect to the first load through a second fuse; When the first load is short-circuited, the switch circuit is disconnected and the power conversion circuit remains in the startup state until the first fuse blows.

5. The vehicle-mounted power supply device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first DC power output port is used to connect to the first load through a first fuse, and the second DC power output port is used to connect to the first load through a second fuse; During the process of the vehicle-mounted power supply device supplying power to the first load, when the first load is short-circuited, the power conversion circuit is disconnected and then restarted until the first fuse blows.

6. The vehicle-mounted power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the second DC output port is short-circuited, the switch circuit is disconnected, and the on-board power supply device is used to receive power from the power battery through the DC input port and supply power to the battery management system.

7. The vehicle-mounted power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection device is a fuse and / or a diode.

8. A combined power supply module, characterized in that: The combined power supply module includes two input terminals and two output terminals; wherein, One of the input terminals is used to connect to a DC output terminal of a DCDC converter, and the DCDC converter is used to step down the DC power output by the power battery and output a first DC power through the DC output terminal; The other input terminal is used to connect to a low-voltage battery, and the low-voltage battery is used to output a second direct current; The load is used to receive power from the DCDC converter through one output terminal of the combiner power supply module, and is used to receive power from the low-voltage battery through another output terminal of the combiner power supply module.

9. The combined power supply module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The combined power supply module includes two diodes, the anode of one diode is used to connect to one input end, the anode of the other diode is used to connect to the other input end, the cathode of one diode is used to connect to one output end, and the cathode of the other diode is used to connect to the other output end.

10. The combined power supply module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The combined power supply module includes two connection switches and a controller, wherein one end of one connection switch is used to connect to one input end, one end of the other connection switch is used to connect to another input end, the other end of one connection switch is used to connect to one output end, and the other end of the other connection switch is used to connect to another output end, and the controller is used to: In response to the current passing through any one of the connection switches being greater than a preset current, the connection switch with the current greater than the preset current is controlled to be disconnected.

11. The combined power supply module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The combined power supply module includes a shell, and the two input ends and the two output ends are arranged on the surface of the shell.

12. The combined power supply module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The load is the battery management system of the power battery.

13. A vehicle-mounted low-voltage power distribution unit, characterized in that: The on-board low-voltage power distribution unit is used to receive power from the DCDC converter and the low-voltage battery and supply power to multiple low-voltage loads of the electric vehicle. The on-board low-voltage power distribution unit includes at least one plug interface, and the at least one plug interface is used to plug in the combined power supply module as described in claim 8.

14. The vehicle-mounted low-voltage power distribution unit according to claim 13, characterized in that: The on-board low-voltage power distribution unit includes a controller, the combined power supply module includes two connection switches, one end of one connection switch is used to connect to one input end, one end of the other connection switch is used to connect to another input end, the other end of one connection switch is used to connect to one output end, and the other end of the other connection switch is used to connect to another output end, and the controller is used to: In response to the current passing through any one of the connection switches being greater than a preset current, the connection switch with the current greater than the preset current is controlled to be disconnected.

15. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: The electric vehicle includes the on-board power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the combined power supply module according to any one of claims 8 to 12, and the on-board low-voltage power distribution unit according to claim 13 or 14.

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