Miniaturized rectifying circuit for microwave wireless energy transmission

Abstract

The utility model provides a miniaturized rectifying circuit for microwave wireless energy transmission, which belongs to the technical field of power electronics and comprises a radio frequency module, an impedance matching network module, a rectifying module, a filter module and a load module which are sequentially connected in series, the radio frequency module serves as an input end of the rectifying circuit, and the load module serves as an output end of the rectifying circuit; the rectifier module comprises a blocking capacitor C1, a microstrip line TL9, a rectifier diode D1, a rectifier diode D2, a microstrip line TL1, a T-shaped microstrip line Tee1, a microstrip line TL7, a capacitor C2 and a microstrip line TL8. According to the utility model, the problem of low power conversion rate of a rectification circuit is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of power electronics, and in particular relates to a miniaturized rectifier circuit for microwave wireless energy transmission. Background Art

[0002] As traditional energy sources become increasingly scarce, solar energy is gaining increasing attention as a new energy source. Technological advancements have also led to the emergence of new methods for utilizing solar energy. In recent years, the advancement of science and technology has led to increasing attention for wireless energy transmission both domestically and internationally.

[0003] Wireless energy transmission is a contactless energy transmission method that converts electrical energy into microwave energy through a transmitter, transmits it over a certain distance through the air, and then converts the relayed energy back into electrical energy through a receiver, achieving wireless energy transmission. Wireless energy transmission technology has the advantage of low energy consumption and can be widely used for charging mobile devices and other applications. This technology enables "plug and play" usage, requiring no power connection. It can transfer electrical energy from one device to another in a wireless environment, while also enabling remote control and data transmission. However, existing wireless energy transmission processes suffer from significant energy loss due to issues with components and connection methods.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, a miniaturized rectifier circuit for microwave wireless energy transmission is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0005] One or more embodiments of this specification provide a miniaturized rectifier circuit for microwave wireless energy transmission, solving the problem of low power conversion efficiency of rectifier circuits.

[0006] The utility model provides a miniaturized rectifier circuit for microwave wireless energy transmission, comprising: a radio frequency module, an impedance matching network module, a rectifier module, a filter module and a load module connected in series in sequence, wherein the radio frequency module serves as the input end of the rectifier circuit, and the load module serves as the output end of the rectifier circuit.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present application utilizes an impedance matching network module, a rectifier module, and a filter module to process input electrical signals and provide energy to a load. This reduces the number of stubs in the main circuit, simplifies the rectifier circuit, reduces the impact of electromagnetic coupling between adjacent microstrip lines, and improves rectification efficiency.

[0008] Furthermore, the radio frequency module includes a radio frequency signal source PORT1, an ammeter IIN and a power meter Pin:

[0009] One end of the RF signal source PORT1 serves as the input end of the rectifier circuit, the other end of the RF signal source PORT1 is connected to the positive pole of the ammeter IIN, the negative pole of the ammeter IIN is connected to the positive pole of the power meter Pin, and the negative pole of the power meter Pin is connected to the impedance matching network.

[0010] The above further solution has the beneficial effect of using an RF signal source to receive wireless signals and using an ammeter and a first power meter to monitor the characteristics of the input electrical signal. This method improves the conversion rate of wireless signals into input electrical signals and simultaneously determines the current and power of the input electrical signal, facilitating circuit loss monitoring.

[0011] Furthermore, the impedance matching network module includes a T-shaped microstrip line Tee2, an open microstrip line TL11 and a microstrip line TL10:

[0012] The first port of the T-type microstrip line Tee2 is connected to the negative pole of the power meter Pin, the second port of the T-type microstrip line Tee2 is connected to one end of the open microstrip line TL11, the third port of the T-type microstrip line Tee2 is connected to one end of the microstrip line TL10, and the other end of the microstrip line TL10 is connected to the rectifier module.

[0013] The beneficial effect of the above further solution is that the input electrical signal is processed by using an impedance matching network, which can reduce the reflection coefficient of the input electrical signal and reduce circuit loss.

[0014] Furthermore, the rectifier module includes a DC blocking capacitor C1, a microstrip line TL9, a rectifier diode D1, a rectifier diode D2, a microstrip line TL1, a T-shaped microstrip line Tee1, a microstrip line TL7, a capacitor C2, and a microstrip line TL8:

[0015] One end of the DC blocking capacitor C1 is connected to the other end of the microstrip line TL10, the negative electrode of the DC blocking capacitor C1 is connected to one end of the microstrip line TL9, the other end of the microstrip line TL9 is connected between the negative electrode of the rectifier diode D1 and the positive electrode of the rectifier diode D2, the positive electrode of the rectifier diode D1 is connected to one end of the microstrip line TL1, the other end of the microstrip line TL1 is grounded, the negative electrode of the rectifier diode D2 is connected to the first port of the T-type microstrip line Tee1, the second port of the T-type microstrip line Tee1 is connected to one end of the microstrip line TL7, the other end of the microstrip line TL7 is connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor C2, the positive electrode of the capacitor C2 is connected to one end of the microstrip line TL8, the other end of the microstrip line TL8 is grounded, and the third port of the T-type microstrip line Tee1 is connected to the filter module.

[0016] The beneficial effect of the above further solution is that the rectification efficiency can be improved as much as possible by processing the input electrical signal using the rectification module.

[0017] Furthermore, the filter module includes a microstrip line TL2, a microstrip line TL3, an open microstrip line TL4, an open microstrip line TL5 and a cross-type microstrip line Cros1:

[0018] One end of the microstrip line TL2 is connected to the third port of the T-type microstrip line Tee1, the other end of the microstrip line TL2 is connected to the first port of the cross-type microstrip line Cros1, the second port of the cross-type microstrip line Cros1 is connected to one end of the open microstrip line TL5, the third port of the cross-type microstrip line Cros1 is connected to one end of the microstrip line TL3, the fourth port of the cross-type microstrip line Cros1 is connected to one end of the open microstrip line TL4, and the other end of the microstrip line TL3 is connected to the load module.

[0019] The beneficial effect of the above further scheme is: using a filter composed of a cross-shaped microstrip line to filter the rectified electrical signal, reducing the loss of the DC component in the input electrical signal, reflecting the fundamental wave, second harmonic and third harmonic back to the diode for secondary rectification, thereby greatly reducing circuit losses.

[0020] Furthermore, the load module includes a power meter Pout, a load terminal Term3 and a microstrip line TL6:

[0021] The positive electrode of the power meter Pout is connected to the other end of the microstrip line TL3, the negative electrode of the power meter Pout is connected to the positive electrode of the load terminal Term3, and the negative electrode of the load terminal Term3 is connected to one end of the microstrip line TL6. The microstrip line TL6 serves as the output end of the rectifier circuit.

[0022] The beneficial effect of the above further solution is that the power at the load end is monitored by the second power meter, which facilitates the calculation of the power loss of the entire circuit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] This specification will be further described in the form of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not limiting, and in these embodiments, like numbers represent like structures, wherein:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a module schematic diagram of a miniaturized rectifier circuit for microwave wireless energy transmission according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0025] Figure 2This is an exemplary schematic diagram of a miniaturized rectifier circuit for microwave wireless energy transmission according to some embodiments of this specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification, the following briefly describes the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely examples or embodiments of this specification. Those skilled in the art can apply this specification to other similar scenarios based on these drawings without inventive effort. Unless otherwise apparent from the context or otherwise noted, the same reference numerals in the figures represent the same structure or operation.

[0027] It should be understood that the terms "system," "device," "unit," and / or "module" used herein are a method for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, portions, or assemblies at different levels. However, if other terms can achieve the same purpose, the terms may be replaced by other expressions.

[0028] As used in this specification and claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "an," and / or "the" do not refer to the singular but also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "comprises" and "include" only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements specifically identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. A method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.

[0029] Flowcharts are used throughout this specification to illustrate the operations performed by systems according to embodiments of this specification. It should be understood that preceding or following operations do not necessarily need to be performed in exact order. Instead, the steps may be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. Furthermore, other operations may be added to these processes, or one or more operations may be removed from these processes.

[0030] Example

[0031] Figure 1 This is a module schematic diagram of a miniaturized rectifier circuit for microwave wireless energy transmission according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0032] In some embodiments, a miniaturized rectifier circuit 100 for microwave wireless energy transmission may include a radio frequency module, an impedance matching network module, a rectifier module, a filter module, and a load module connected in series. The radio frequency module serves as the input end of the rectifier circuit, and the load module serves as the output end of the rectifier circuit.

[0033] The RF module includes the RF signal source PORT1, the ammeter IIN, and the power meter Pin.

[0034] In some embodiments, the RF signal source may be a 2.45 GHz RF signal source.

[0035] In some embodiments, the RF module may be composed of a RF signal source for inputting signals to subsequent circuits.

[0036] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 As shown, one end of the RF signal source PORT1 serves as the input end of the rectifier circuit, the other end of the RF signal source PORT1 is connected to the positive electrode of the ammeter IIN, the negative electrode of the ammeter IIN is connected to the positive electrode of the power meter Pin, and the negative electrode of the power meter Pin is connected to the impedance matching network.

[0037] The impedance matching network module includes a T-shaped microstrip line Tee2, an open microstrip line TL11, and a microstrip line TL10.

[0038] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 As shown, the first port of the T-type microstrip line Tee2 is connected to the negative pole of the power meter Pin, the second port of the T-type microstrip line Tee2 is connected to one end of the open microstrip line TL11, the third port of the T-type microstrip line Tee2 is connected to one end of the microstrip line TL10, and the other end of the microstrip line TL10 is connected to the rectifier module.

[0039] In some embodiments, the DC blocking capacitor may be 1 μF.

[0040] In some embodiments, staff can use the Smith chart for impedance matching by first connecting open-circuited branches in parallel and then connecting microstrip lines in series. The open-circuited branches in parallel can make the impedance point move along the circle of equal reflection coefficient on the Smith chart, while the microstrip line branches in series can make the impedance point move along the circle of constant conduction on the Smith chart, so that the impedance point is as close as possible to the center point of the Smith chart, thereby reducing the reflection coefficient.

[0041] The rectifier module includes a DC blocking capacitor C1, a microstrip line TL9, a rectifier diode D1, a rectifier diode D2, a microstrip line TL1, a T-shaped microstrip line Tee1, a microstrip line TL7, a capacitor C2, and a microstrip line TL8.

[0042] In some embodiments, the parallel rectifier diodes may include a rectifier diode D1 and a rectifier diode D2 , wherein the cathode of the rectifier diode D1 is connected to the anode of the rectifier diode D2 .

[0043] In some embodiments, the rectifier diode D1 and the rectifier diode D2 can be HSMS270C or di_hp_HSMS282C_20000301.

[0044] In some embodiments, the capacitance may be 2.2 μf.

[0045] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 As shown, one end of the DC blocking capacitor C1 is connected to the other end of the microstrip line TL10, the negative electrode of the DC blocking capacitor C1 is connected to one end of the microstrip line TL9, the other end of the microstrip line TL9 is connected between the negative electrode of the rectifier diode D1 and the positive electrode of the rectifier diode D2, the positive electrode of the rectifier diode D1 is connected to one end of the microstrip line TL1, the other end of the microstrip line TL1 is grounded, the negative electrode of the rectifier diode D2 is connected to the first port of the T-type microstrip line Tee1, the second port of the T-type microstrip line Tee1 is connected to one end of the microstrip line TL7, the other end of the microstrip line TL7 is connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor C2, the positive electrode of the capacitor C2 is connected to one end of the microstrip line TL8, the other end of the microstrip line TL8 is grounded, and the third port of the T-type microstrip line Tee1 is connected to the filter module.

[0046] The filter module includes a microstrip line TL2, a microstrip line TL3, an open microstrip line TL4, an open microstrip line TL5 and a cross-type microstrip line Cros1.

[0047] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 As shown, one end of the microstrip line TL2 is connected to the third port of the T-type microstrip line Tee1, the other end of the microstrip line TL2 is connected to the first port of the cross-type microstrip line Cros1, the second port of the cross-type microstrip line Cros1 is connected to one end of the open microstrip line TL5, the third port of the cross-type microstrip line Cros1 is connected to one end of the microstrip line TL3, the fourth port of the cross-type microstrip line Cros1 is connected to one end of the open microstrip line TL4, and the other end of the microstrip line TL3 is connected to the load module.

[0048] The load module includes a power meter Pout, a load terminal Term3 and a microstrip line TL6.

[0049] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 As shown, the positive electrode of the power meter Pout is connected to the other end of the microstrip line TL3, the negative electrode of the power meter Pout is connected to the positive electrode of the load terminal Term3, and the negative electrode of the load terminal Term3 is connected to one end of the microstrip line TL6. The microstrip line TL6 serves as the output end of the rectifier circuit.

[0050] In some embodiments, the rectifier circuit of the present application can be implemented on a base board.

[0051] In some embodiments, the base board may be of the model F4B, with a dielectric constant of 2.65, a loss tangent of 0.002, a dielectric substrate thickness of 0.8 mm, and a waveguide layer made of copper.

[0052] The working process of the present invention is as follows: the radio frequency signal source in this application converts the received external wireless signal into an input electrical signal, uses an ammeter and a first power meter to obtain the current and power of the input electrical signal, uses an impedance matching network module to reduce the reflection coefficient of the input electrical signal, uses a DC blocking capacitor to reduce noise, inputs the processed input electrical signal into the rectifier module for rectification, passes the rectified input electrical signal through the filter module so that the DC component can pass through with low loss, reflects the fundamental wave, second harmonic and third harmonic back to the diode for secondary rectification, and passes the filtered input electrical signal through the load module to provide energy for the load components.

[0053] The working principle of the circuit of this utility model is as follows:

[0054] Using a 2.45 GHz signal from the RF signal source P_1Tone as the input signal, the circuit parameters are measured using the current meter I_Probe and the power meter P_Probe. Impedance matching is performed on the input signal using the MTEE_ADS (Tee2), MLOC (TL11), and MLIN (TL10) components to achieve maximum power transfer or optimal performance. A DC-blocking capacitor C (C1) is then connected to the circuit to isolate the AC and DC signals after impedance matching, allowing only the AC signal to pass while blocking the DC signal. By connecting a microstrip line (MLIN) (TL9) to a di_hp_HSMS282C_20000301 rectifier diode, which allows current to flow in only one direction, the negative or positive half-cycle of the input AC signal is removed, converting the AC signal into a roughly equivalent DC signal. This output signal is a unidirectional DC signal. The unidirectional DC signal is then input into a filter module consisting of five microstrip lines. Based on the characteristics of the microstrip lines and the principle of electromagnetic coupling, the length, width, dielectric constant, and other parameters of the microstrip lines are adjusted to transmit or block signals of specific frequencies, affecting the electromagnetic coupling between the microstrip lines and thus the frequency response of the filter. This is used to smooth the DC signal waveform and remove ripple or pulsation components in the waveform, thereby obtaining a more stable DC output.

[0055] In some embodiments, the circuit signal processing process of the present invention can be executed by a processor.

[0056] In some embodiments, the processor can adjust parameters such as the length, width, and dielectric constant of the microstrip line. Different microstrip line structures, such as branching, mutations, or deformations of the microstrip line, can be used to change the impedance characteristics of the microstrip line, thereby achieving impedance matching. For example, the processor can perform impedance matching by first connecting open-circuited branches in parallel and then connecting the microstrip lines in series. The parallel connection of the open-circuited branches can cause the impedance point to move along the circle of constant reflection coefficient on the Smith chart, while the series connection of the microstrip line branches can cause the impedance point to move along the circle of constant conductance on the Smith chart, so that the impedance point is as close to the center point of the Smith chart as possible. According to the impedance matching formula, a quarter-wavelength transmission line and a half-wavelength transmission line have special impedance conversion and reduction effects; according to the set of parametric equations, the higher the standing wave ratio, the lower the transmission efficiency of the two-port network; according to the power loss ratio formula, the higher the matching degree between the load and the signal source, the lower the power loss of the two-port network.

[0057] In some embodiments, the processor can adjust the coupling structure between the microstrip line and other microstrip lines or loads to adjust and match the impedance. By designing a suitable coupling structure, the impedance matching between the microstrip line and other circuits can be achieved. Finally, the following is obtained through optimization: Figure 2 The impedance matching network structure and the corresponding microstrip line parameters are shown.

[0058] In some embodiments, the impedance matching formula can be specifically expressed as:

[0059]

[0060] Among them, Z in represents input impedance, Z0 represents characteristic impedance, Z L represents the load impedance, th(γι) represents the relationship coefficient, γ represents the propagation constant of the transmission line, and l represents the distance between the observation point and the load.

[0061] In some embodiments, the set of parametric equations can be determined based on the incident wave voltage and the reflected wave voltage using the superposition principle:

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] Among them, b N represents the normalized reflected wave voltage, S ij represents the S parameter of the microwave network, a N represents the normalized incident wave voltage, and ρ represents the standing wave ratio, which refers to the ratio of the maximum to minimum voltage amplitude on the transmission line.

[0065] In some embodiments, the processor can convert the incident wave voltage V1+, V2+, V3+, ..., V N + and reflected wave voltage V1-, V2-, V3-, ..., V N -normalized, denoted as a1,a2,a3,...,a N and b1,b2,b3,...,b N , applying the superposition principle, we get the equations. Among them, S 11 It represents the voltage reflection coefficient on port 1 when port 2 is connected to a matched load, S 21 It represents the voltage transfer coefficient from port 1 to port 2 when port 2 is connected to a matched load, S 11 The larger it is, the stronger the network's ability to reflect waves is, the closer the state of the entire circuit is to the standing wave state, and the lower the transmission efficiency of the circuit is.

Claims

1. A miniaturized rectifier circuit for microwave wireless energy transmission, characterized in that: It includes a radio frequency module, an impedance matching network module, a rectifier module, a filter module and a load module connected in series in sequence, wherein the radio frequency module serves as the input end of the rectifier circuit and the load module serves as the output end of the rectifier circuit; The rectifier module includes a DC blocking capacitor C1, a microstrip line TL9, a rectifier diode D1, a rectifier diode D2, a microstrip line TL1, a T-shaped microstrip line Tee1, a microstrip line TL7, a capacitor C2, and a microstrip line TL8: One end of the DC blocking capacitor C1 is connected to the other end of the microstrip line TL10, the negative electrode of the DC blocking capacitor C1 is connected to one end of the microstrip line TL9, the other end of the microstrip line TL9 is connected between the negative electrode of the rectifier diode D1 and the positive electrode of the rectifier diode D2, the positive electrode of the rectifier diode D1 is connected to one end of the microstrip line TL1, the other end of the microstrip line TL1 is grounded, the negative electrode of the rectifier diode D2 is connected to the first port of the T-type microstrip line Tee1, the second port of the T-type microstrip line Tee1 is connected to one end of the microstrip line TL7, the other end of the microstrip line TL7 is connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor C2, the positive electrode of the capacitor C2 is connected to one end of the microstrip line TL8, the other end of the microstrip line TL8 is grounded, and the third port of the T-type microstrip line Tee1 is connected to the filter module; The filter module includes microstrip line TL2, microstrip line TL3, open microstrip line TL4, open microstrip line TL5 and cross microstrip line Cros1: One end of the microstrip line TL2 is connected to the third port of the T-type microstrip line Tee1, the other end of the microstrip line TL2 is connected to the first port of the cross-type microstrip line Cros1, the second port of the cross-type microstrip line Cros1 is connected to one end of the open microstrip line TL5, the third port of the cross-type microstrip line Cros1 is connected to one end of the microstrip line TL3, the fourth port of the cross-type microstrip line Cros1 is connected to one end of the open microstrip line TL4, and the other end of the microstrip line TL3 is connected to the load module.

2. The miniaturized rectifier circuit for microwave wireless energy transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The RF module includes a RF signal source PORT1, an ammeter IIN and a power meter Pin: One end of the RF signal source PORT1 serves as the input end of the rectifier circuit, the other end of the RF signal source PORT1 is connected to the positive pole of the ammeter IIN, the negative pole of the ammeter IIN is connected to the positive pole of the power meter Pin, and the negative pole of the power meter Pin is connected to the impedance matching network.

3. The miniaturized rectifier circuit for microwave wireless energy transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that: The impedance matching network module includes a T-shaped microstrip line Tee2, an open microstrip line TL11 and a microstrip line TL10: The first port of the T-type microstrip line Tee2 is connected to the negative pole of the power meter Pin, the second port of the T-type microstrip line Tee2 is connected to one end of the open microstrip line TL11, the third port of the T-type microstrip line Tee2 is connected to one end of the microstrip line TL10, and the other end of the microstrip line TL10 is connected to the rectifier module.

4. The miniaturized rectifier circuit for microwave wireless energy transmission according to claim 3, characterized in that: The load module includes a power meter Pout, a load terminal Term3 and a microstrip line TL6: The positive electrode of the power meter Pout is connected to the other end of the microstrip line TL3, the negative electrode of the power meter Pout is connected to the positive electrode of the load terminal Term3, and the negative electrode of the load terminal Term3 is connected to one end of the microstrip line TL6. The microstrip line TL6 serves as the output end of the rectifier circuit.

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