Conical centrifugal screen and centrifugal metal powder preparation device applying same

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of metal powder preparation, in particular to a conical centrifugal screen and a centrifugal metal powder preparation device applying the conical centrifugal screen. The conical centrifugal screen comprises a flaring flow guide part and a centrifugal throwing-out part which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. Wherein the inner diameter of the flaring flow guide part is gradually increased from top to bottom; the upper end opening of the centrifugal throwing-out part is connected with the lower end opening of the flaring flow guide part, and the lower end is a blind end; a plurality of throwing-out holes are formed in the peripheral wall of the centrifugal throwing-out part. According to the utility model, bottom adhesion can be effectively reduced, and the metal powder quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of metal powder preparation, in particular to a conical centrifugal screen and a centrifugal metal powder preparation device using the conical centrifugal screen. Background Art

[0002] As an important material, metal powder is widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, electronic devices, medical devices and other fields due to its unique physical and chemical properties.

[0003] Centrifugal spinning is a common process for producing metal powder. Molten metal is dropped onto a high-speed rotating disc and then thrown out by centrifugal force, rapidly cooling to form metal powder. This method requires very high machining precision of the disc and can lead to excessively large metal powder particle size. Furthermore, since the molten metal is dropped onto the disc before being thrown out, the disc is prone to sticking to the bottom, especially for molten metals with high viscosity or surface tension.

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned conventional centrifugal rotation for preparing metal powder, the patent with application number 202021335460.7 and patent name is a metal powder material preparation device. In this patent, the rotating disk is replaced by a rotating cylinder, and multiple sieve holes with very small apertures are set on the peripheral wall of the rotating cylinder. The molten metal liquid falls to the bottom of the rotating cylinder and is then thrown out from the sieve holes. This patent solves the problem of metal powder particle size being too large, but the problem of bottom adhesion is still not solved.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to design a new screen for use in a centrifugal metal powder preparation device to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a conical centrifugal screen, which can effectively reduce bottom adhesion and improve the quality of metal powder.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the utility model is: a conical centrifugal screen, comprising an expanded guide part and a centrifugal throwing part arranged in sequence from top to bottom; wherein,

[0008] The inner diameter of the expanded guide portion gradually increases from top to bottom;

[0009] The upper opening of the centrifugal ejection portion is connected to the lower opening of the flared guide portion, and the lower end is a blind end;

[0010] The peripheral wall of the centrifugal throwing part is provided with a plurality of throwing holes.

[0011] Furthermore, in order to enable the molten metal that falls to the bottom of the centrifugal throwing part to be quickly thrown out from the throwing hole, the lower end of the centrifugal throwing part is blocked by a blocking part, and the height of the upper surface of the blocking part gradually decreases from the middle to the periphery.

[0012] In order to further increase the throwing speed, the decreasing rate of the height of the upper surface of the blocking portion gradually increases from the middle to the periphery.

[0013] Furthermore, in order to enable the molten metal flowing downward along the expanded guide portion to be thrown out from the throwing-out hole as quickly as possible, the increasing rate of the inner diameter of the expanded guide portion gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0014] In order to enable more molten metal to flow downward along the inner wall of the expanded guide portion, the conical centrifugal screen further includes a receiving portion, the lower end opening of the receiving portion is connected to the upper end opening of the expanded guide portion.

[0015] Furthermore, the diameter of the ejection hole is 10-20 μm.

[0016] The utility model also provides a centrifugal metal powder preparation device, comprising:

[0017] Molten metal container;

[0018] a conical centrifugal screen, wherein the expanded guide portion thereof is aligned with the bottom opening of the molten metal container;

[0019] A rotation drive mechanism is connected to the conical centrifugal screen to drive the conical centrifugal screen to rotate; wherein,

[0020] During the rotation of the conical centrifugal screen, the molten metal is thrown out from the throwing holes under the action of centrifugation to form metal powder.

[0021] In order to further improve the stability of the conical centrifugal screen, the conical centrifugal screen is rotatably supported on a fixed body through a bearing.

[0022] In order to further facilitate the collection of metal powder, the conical centrifugal screen also includes an atomization chamber, the conical centrifugal screen is located in the atomization chamber, and the atomization chamber is used to receive the metal powder.

[0023] In order to further improve the quality of metal powder, the molten metal flowing out from the bottom opening of the molten metal container enters the conical centrifugal screen through the guide pipe; wherein,

[0024] The upper end of the guide tube is connected to the bottom opening of the molten metal container, and the lower end is located above the expanded guide portion or extends into the expanded guide portion;

[0025] The lower end opening of the guide tube is higher than the centrifugal throwing part.

[0026] After adopting the above technical solution, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The conical centrifugal screen is used in the centrifugal metal powder preparation device. The conical centrifugal screen rotates at high speed driven by the rotary drive mechanism. After the molten metal enters the conical centrifugal screen, it flows downward along the expanded guide part. Under the action of centrifugal force, it is quickly thrown out from the throwing hole of the centrifugal throwing part, quickly cooled and solidified to form metal powder. Compared with the traditional method of falling to the bottom and then being thrown out, it can reduce bottom adhesion and the throwing speed is faster, ensuring that the molten metal can be fully dispersed and crushed during the throwing process, achieving better crushing effect, and ensuring the quality and preparation efficiency of the metal powder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the conical centrifugal screen of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 sectional view of

[0030] Figure 3 This is a centrifugal metal powder preparation device of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the centrifugal metal powder preparation device of the present invention without the atomizing chamber;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of part A;

[0033] In the figure, 1. flared guide part; 2. centrifugal discharge part; 3. discharge hole; 4. sealing part; 5. receiving part; 10. molten metal container; 20. conical centrifugal screen; 30. rotary drive mechanism; 40. atomizing chamber; 50. guide tube; 60. bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the contents of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below based on specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Example 1: Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a conical centrifugal screen 20 includes an expanded guide portion 1 and a centrifugal ejection portion 2 arranged in sequence from top to bottom; wherein,

[0036] The inner diameter of the expanded guide portion 1 gradually increases from top to bottom;

[0037] The upper opening of the centrifugal discharge part 2 is connected to the lower opening of the expanded guide part 1, and the lower end is a blind end;

[0038] A plurality of ejection holes 3 are provided on the peripheral wall of the centrifugal ejection part 2 .

[0039] Specifically, the conical centrifugal screen 20 is used in a centrifugal metal powder preparation device. The conical centrifugal screen 20 rotates at a high speed driven by the rotary drive mechanism 30. After the molten metal enters the conical centrifugal screen 20, it flows downward along the expanded guide portion 1, and is quickly thrown out from the throwing hole 3 of the centrifugal throwing portion 2 under the action of centrifugal force. It quickly cools and solidifies to form metal powder. Compared with the traditional method of falling to the bottom and then being thrown out, it can reduce bottom adhesion and the throwing speed is faster, ensuring that the molten metal can be fully dispersed and crushed during the throwing process, achieving a better crushing effect, and ensuring the quality and preparation efficiency of the metal powder.

[0040] There are multiple ways for the inner diameter of the expanded guide portion 1 to increase from top to bottom, including uniform increase, gradually increasing increase rate, and gradually decreasing increase rate.

[0041] In this embodiment, the increasing rate of the inner diameter of the expanded guide portion 1 is preferably gradually increased from top to bottom, specifically as follows: Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 This method facilitates the rapid removal of the molten metal flowing downward along the expanded guide portion 1.

[0042] In this embodiment, the diameter of the ejection hole 3 is determined according to the particle size of the required metal powder. Preferably, the diameter of the ejection hole 3 is 10-20 μm.

[0043] Example 2: Based on Example 1, Figure 2 As shown, the lower end of the centrifugal ejection part 2 is blocked by the blocking part 4, and the height of the upper surface of the blocking part 4 gradually decreases from the middle to the periphery.

[0044] There are many ways to reduce the height of the upper surface of the blocking portion 4 from the middle to the periphery, such as reducing at a uniform speed, increasing the reduction rate gradually, or reducing the reduction rate gradually.

[0045] In the embodiment, it is preferred that the rate of decrease of the height of the upper surface of the blocking portion 4 gradually increases from the middle to the periphery, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 This method allows the molten metal that has fallen onto the upper surface of the blocking portion 4 to quickly slide down and be quickly thrown out from the ejection hole 2 of the centrifugal ejection portion 2 under the action of centrifugal force, thereby reducing the contact time with the blocking portion 4, further preventing adhesion to the bottom, and further ensuring the quality and preparation efficiency of the metal powder.

[0046] Example 3: Based on Example 1 or Example 2, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the conical centrifugal screen 20 further includes a receiving portion 5 , the lower end opening of the receiving portion 5 is connected to the upper end opening of the expanded guide portion 1 .

[0047] In this embodiment, the receiving portion 5, the flared guide portion 1, and the centrifugal discharge portion 2 can be formed by connecting separate parts or integrally formed, preferably integrally formed. More preferably, the inner diameter of the receiving portion 5 is equal to the inner diameter of the upper opening of the flared guide portion 1, and the inner diameter of the lower opening of the flared guide portion 1 is equal to the inner diameter of the centrifugal discharge portion 2.

[0048] Specifically, the receiving portion can ensure that more molten metal flows downward along the inner wall of the flared guide portion 1, minimizing the amount of molten metal that falls directly on the centrifugal discharge portion 2, thereby better preventing bottom adhesion and better ensuring the quality and preparation efficiency of the metal powder.

[0049] in, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 The conical centrifugal screen 20 shown is based on the second embodiment and adds a receiving portion 5. During the high-speed rotation of the conical centrifugal screen 20, the molten metal enters the receiving portion 5. The inner diameter of the receiving portion 5 is relatively small and has a certain length, which can restrain the molten metal flow and ensure that as much molten metal as possible flows down along the inner wall of the flared guide portion 1. Only the less molten metal falls directly on the bottom of the centrifugal ejection portion 2. Part or all of the molten metal flowing down along the inner wall of the flared guide portion 1 is thrown out from the ejection hole 3 on the peripheral wall of the centrifugal ejection portion 2 under the action of centrifugal force and gravity before falling on the bottom of the centrifugal ejection portion 2, i.e., the blocking portion 4. Even if a small amount of molten metal falls on the bottom of the centrifugal ejection portion 2, i.e., the blocking portion 4, it will quickly slide along the inclined surface of the blocking portion 4 to the periphery of the centrifugal ejection portion 2 under the action of gravity and centrifugal force, and also be thrown out from the ejection hole 3, and the contact time with the blocking portion 4 is short. That is, the conical centrifugal screen 20 of this structure can reduce the amount of molten metal that contacts the bottom of the centrifugal throwing part 2, i.e., the blocking part 4. Even if a small amount of molten metal contacts the bottom of the centrifugal throwing part 2, i.e., the blocking part 4, the contact time is relatively short. Therefore, the conical centrifugal screen 20 of this structure can reduce the bottom adhesion as much as possible, ensuring the stability and operating efficiency of the metal powder preparation device. In addition, the conical centrifugal screen 20 of this structure can throw out the molten metal at a relatively fast speed, and the metal droplets can be fully dispersed and broken during the throwing process. The aperture of the throwing hole 3 can also be made as small as possible, further improving the quality of the metal powder.

[0050] Example 4: Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a centrifugal metal powder preparation device comprises:

[0051] Molten metal container 10;

[0052] As in any one of the conical centrifugal screens 20 in Embodiments 1 to 3, the expanded guide portion 1 is aligned with the bottom opening of the molten metal container 10;

[0053] The rotary drive mechanism 30 is connected to the conical centrifugal screen 20 to drive the conical centrifugal screen 20 to rotate; wherein,

[0054] During the rotation of the conical centrifugal screen 20, the molten metal entering the centrifugal discharge part 2 along the inner wall of the expanded guide part 1 and the molten metal directly falling into the centrifugal discharge part 2 are thrown out from the discharge hole 3 under the action of centrifugation to form metal powder.

[0055] The molten metal container 1 may be a crucible or a heating furnace, which is not limited here.

[0056] In this embodiment, the conical centrifugal screen 20 is rotatably supported on a fixed body via a bearing 60 .

[0057] Specifically, the rotation speed of the conical centrifugal screen 20 is relatively fast, generally between 10,000 and 50,000 revolutions per minute, and the centrifugal force is relatively large. The conical centrifugal screen 20 is rotatably supported on a fixed body by the bearing 60, which can improve the rotation stability of the conical centrifugal screen 20 and prevent the conical centrifugal screen from being deformed.

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, the centrifugal metal powder preparation device further includes an atomization chamber 40, and the conical centrifugal screen 20 is located in the atomization chamber 40, and the atomization chamber 40 is used to receive the metal powder.

[0059] Specifically, the atomization chamber 40 can be configured to prevent the metal powder from randomly scattering.

[0060] Figure 3 The centrifugal metal powder preparation device shown uses the top wall of the atomizing chamber 40 as a fixed body, and the upper end of the conical centrifugal screen 20 is rotatably supported on the top wall of the atomizing chamber 40 through a bearing 60.

[0061] In addition, the molten metal container 10 can also be fixedly installed on the top wall of the atomization chamber 40 through a bracket.

[0062] In this embodiment, if Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the molten metal flowing out from the bottom opening of the molten metal container 10 enters the conical centrifugal screen 20 through the guide pipe 50; wherein,

[0063] The upper end of the flow guide tube 50 is connected to the bottom opening of the molten metal container 10, and the lower end is located above the expanded flow guide portion 1 or extends into the expanded flow guide portion 1;

[0064] The lower end opening of the flow guide tube 50 is higher than the centrifugal discharge portion 2 .

[0065] Based on the above-mentioned ideal embodiment of the present invention, and in accordance with the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical scope of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A conical centrifugal screen, characterized in that: It comprises an expanded flow guide portion (1) and a centrifugal ejection portion (2) arranged in sequence from top to bottom; wherein, The inner diameter of the expanded guide portion (1) gradually increases from top to bottom; The upper opening of the centrifugal ejection portion (2) is connected to the lower opening of the expanded flow guide portion (1), and the lower end is a blind end; The peripheral wall of the centrifugal ejection portion (2) is provided with a plurality of ejection holes (3).

2. The conical centrifugal screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the centrifugal ejection portion (2) is blocked by a blocking portion (4), and the height of the upper surface of the blocking portion (4) gradually decreases from the middle to the periphery.

3. The conical centrifugal screen according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rate of decrease of the height of the upper surface of the blocking portion (4) gradually increases from the middle to the periphery.

4. The conical centrifugal screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The increasing rate of the inner diameter of the flared guide portion (1) gradually increases from top to bottom.

5. The conical centrifugal screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a receiving portion (5), the lower end opening of the receiving portion (5) being connected to the upper end opening of the flared flow guide portion (1).

6. The conical centrifugal screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the ejection hole (3) is 10-20 μm.

7. A centrifugal metal powder preparation device, characterized in that: include: a molten metal container (10); The conical centrifugal screen (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the expanded guide portion (1) is aligned with the bottom opening of the molten metal container (10); A rotation drive mechanism (30) is connected to the conical centrifugal screen (20) to drive the conical centrifugal screen (20) to rotate; wherein, During the rotation of the conical centrifugal screen (20), the molten metal is thrown out from the throwing hole (3) under the action of centrifugation to form metal powder.

8. The centrifugal metal powder preparation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The conical centrifugal screen (20) is rotatably supported on a fixed body via a bearing (60).

9. The centrifugal metal powder preparation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes an atomization chamber (40), wherein the conical centrifugal screen (20) is located in the atomization chamber (40).

10. The centrifugal metal powder preparation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The molten metal flowing out of the bottom opening of the molten metal container (10) enters the conical centrifugal screen (20) through the flow guide pipe (50); wherein, The upper end of the guide tube (50) is connected to the bottom opening of the molten metal container (10), and the lower end is located above the expanded guide portion (1) or extends into the expanded guide portion (1); The lower end opening of the flow guide tube (50) is higher than the centrifugal ejection portion (2).

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