Wind power plant lightning protection system fault positioning simulation test device

Abstract

The utility model provides a wind power plant lightning protection system fault positioning simulation test device which comprises fan blades, an electromagnetic induction device, a pulse generator, a data acquisition device, a lightning arrester, a computer and an unmanned aerial vehicle. The lightning arrester is arranged in an inner cavity of the fan blade, the lightning arrester is connected with the data acquisition device through the downlead, the electromagnetic induction devices are connected to the two sides of the lightning arrester and the two sides of a branch point of the downlead in a sleeving mode respectively, and the pulse generator is arranged at the end, away from the lightning arrester, of the fan blade. According to the utility model, current and pulse reflection waves at the downlead branch and the lightning arrester can be collected at the same time, whether a fault exists at the downlead branch point can be accurately determined, other fault points in a fault determination section can be positioned, and fault detection and accurate positioning of the fan blade downlead are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of wind power equipment, and in particular relates to a fault location and false detection device for a wind farm wind and lightning system. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background technical information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] With the continuous development of wind power generation, the capacity of single units continues to increase and the size of the entire unit continues to increase. During operation, the blades are always in a higher position, so the situation of being struck by lightning becomes more and more obvious. After multiple lightning strikes, the wind turbine blades are particularly prone to breakage failures at the branch points of the down conductors.

[0004] Currently, in the existing technology, there are two detection methods for detecting down conductor faults of wind turbine blades:

[0005] One method is to measure the resistance of the lightning protection channel. However, for the lightning protection channel, the resistance at the end point of the down conductor, that is, the lightning rod position, can be easily obtained by a drone carrying a resistance detector, such as patent 2023200616658. However, the branch point of the down conductor is set inside the wind turbine blade, and the resistance value at the branch point of the down conductor is not easy to obtain.

[0006] The second method is to use electromagnetic pulse detection, such as the current patent CN201911077419.6, which uses waveform differences to infer the fault at the down conductor branch point of the wind turbine blade. However, due to the impedance mismatch at the down conductor branch fault point, the energy of the reflected signal generated at the fault point is easily affected by the severity of the fault and the attenuation effect in the down conductor. The peak position finally obtained is not prominent, and it is difficult to accurately locate the cable fault. When the severity of the fault is reduced, the phenomenon will be further aggravated. Therefore, the reflection information at the weaker fault point in the pulse test waveform is not obvious, and the existing technology has not conducted research on the recognition technology of reflection information, which makes it difficult to accurately locate the fault at the down conductor branch point.

[0007] Therefore, how to detect and locate the downconductor fault of the wind turbine blade lightning protection system has become an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of the invention is to provide a wind farm lightning protection system fault location simulation test device to solve the problem in the prior art that "when testing the reliability of the lightning protection grounding device of the wind turbine blade, it is impossible to accurately know whether there is a fault at the down conductor branch point".

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is a wind farm lightning protection system fault location simulation test device, which is characterized by including wind turbine blades, an electromagnetic induction device, a pulse generator, a data acquisition device, a lightning receptor, a computer and a drone;

[0010] The lightning receptor is arranged in the internal cavity of the wind turbine blade, and the lightning receptor is connected to the data acquisition device through the down conductor. The electromagnetic induction device is respectively sleeved on both sides of the lightning receptor and the down conductor branch point. The pulse generator is arranged at one end of the wind turbine blade away from the lightning receptor, and the pulse generator is connected to the data acquisition device. It is used to transmit a pulse wave signal to the down conductor. The pulse wave signal will generate a pulse reflection wave at the down conductor branch point, the branch end, the down conductor end and the fault point. The data acquisition device is also connected to the electromagnetic induction device.

[0011] The drone carries direct current power.

[0012] The advantages of the present invention are that it can overcome the drawbacks of the prior art and has a reasonable and novel structural design. In the technical solutions of this application, one or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:

[0013] Based on the technical solution of the present invention using a new type of simulation test device, an electromagnetic induction device is separately set at the branch point of the down conductor. When the flight angle of the drone carrying direct current and the rotating blades of the wind turbine reaches horizontal, the drone rotates in the opposite direction to the wind turbine, which can make the wind turbine generate current. The utility model can simultaneously collect the current at the branch of the down conductor and the lightning rod, as well as the pulse reflection wave. In the computer, it can accurately determine whether there is a fault at the branch point of the down conductor based on the obtained voltage (current conversion) and pulse reflection wave, and can locate other fault points in the fault judgment section, thereby realizing the detection and accurate positioning of the down conductor fault of the wind turbine blade.

[0014] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be partially given in the following description, and partially become apparent from the following description, or learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the fan structure provided in Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the fan blade structure provided in Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 A diagram showing the connection relationship between the data acquisition device, the pulse generator, the electromagnetic induction device, and the electromagnetic induction device provided in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a drone provided in Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0020] 1. Wind turbine blade, 2. Lightning receptor, 201 blade body lightning receptor, 202 blade tip lightning receptor, 3. Down conductor, 4. Down conductor branch point, 5. Electromagnetic induction device, 501. Electromagnetic induction coil, 502. Current sensor, 503. Current amplifier, 6. Fixing plate, 7. UAV, 8. Pulse generator, 801. Gaussian pulse wave generator, 802. Pulse frequency enhancer, 9. Computer, 10. Data acquisition device, 11. Current-voltage converter, 12. Connector, 12-1. First input terminal, 12-2. Second input terminal, 12-3. First output terminal, 12-4. Second output terminal, 13. Data receiver, 14. Power supply device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0022] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] This embodiment discloses a wind farm lightning protection system fault location simulation test device, please refer to the structure Figure 1 — Figure 4 As shown, the wind turbine includes a blade 1 , an electromagnetic induction device 5 , a pulse generator 8 , a data acquisition device 10 , a lightning receptor 2 , a computer 9 and a drone 7 . The pulse generator 8 can be remotely controlled by the computer 9 .

[0025] The fan blades 1 in this embodiment include a non-faulty fan blade and a fan blade to be detected. The non-faulty fan blade belongs to a physical device unit, while the fan blade to be detected belongs to a transient simulation unit. Both blades contain the same electromagnetic induction device, pulse generator, data acquisition device, lightning arrester and other structures. At the same time, the current and pulse wave data of the two fans are collected. In this embodiment, the fan blades below refer to both the non-faulty fan blades and the fan blades to be detected.

[0026] An internal cavity is provided inside the wind turbine blade, and the lightning receptors 2 are all long rod-shaped metal rods. The lightning receptors include a blade body lightning receptor 201 and a blade tip lightning receptor 202. The blade tip lightning receptor 202 is installed at the tip of the wind turbine blade 1, that is, the end position of the down conductor 3, while the blade body lightning receptor 201 is arranged at the end tip of the down conductor branch and is connected to the down conductor through the branch down conductor. The tips of the blade body lightning receptor 201 and the blade tip lightning receptor 202 both pass through the top surface of the wind turbine blade 1, and the tails of the two are arranged inside the wind turbine blade and are respectively connected to their respective down conductors.

[0027] The electromagnetic induction device 5 includes an electromagnetic induction coil 501, a current sensor 502 and a current amplifier 503. A fixing plate 6 is provided on the inner wall of the internal cavity of the wind turbine blade. There are several fixing plates 6, and the fixing plates 6 are respectively located at the down conductor branch point 4 and the end of the down conductor. The electromagnetic induction coil 501 is arranged between the two fixing plates 6, so that the electromagnetic induction coil is respectively sleeved on both sides of the lightning rod and the down conductor branch point 4. The output end of the electromagnetic induction coil end is connected to the input end of the current sensor 502, the output end of the current sensor is connected to the input end of the current amplifier 503, and the output end of the current amplifier is connected to the data acquisition device 10.

[0028] The drone 7 in the first embodiment of the present invention carries direct current. When the flight angle between the drone and the rotating blades of the wind turbine reaches horizontal, the wind turbine rotates forward to generate a magnetic field, which cuts the magnetic lines of force, and both sides generate electromagnetic fields. The drone rotates in the opposite direction of the wind turbine, generates negative electromagnetic fields, cuts the magnetic lines of force, and generates complementary currents. The current generated by the wind turbine blades will flow to the down conductor through the lightning receptor, and the electromagnetic induction coils on both sides of the blade tip lightning receptor and the down conductor branch point will sense the current, which will be amplified by the current amplifier and then transmitted to the data acquisition device.

[0029] The pulse generator 8 includes a Gaussian pulse wave generator 801 and a pulse frequency enhancer 802. The output end of the Gaussian pulse wave generator 801 is connected to the pulse frequency enhancer 802. The Gaussian pulse wave generator can output a Gaussian pulse wave that meets the requirements according to the time width setting value received from the background of the computer 9. The Gaussian pulse wave can enhance its own pulse frequency in the pulse frequency enhancer.

[0030] The data acquisition device 10 includes a current-voltage converter 11, a connector 12 and a data receiver 13. The connection relationship between the connector and the data acquisition device, the pulse generator and the electromagnetic induction device in this embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 3 shown.

[0031] The connector 12 in this embodiment includes a first input terminal 12-1, a second input terminal 12-2, a first output terminal 12-3 and a second output terminal 12-4. The first output terminal 12-1 of the connector is connected to the down conductor 3 in the wind turbine blade. The first input terminal 12-1 is connected to the output terminal of the pulse frequency enhancer 802 of the pulse generator. The pulse wave entering the connector can be transmitted from the first output terminal along the down conductor to the lightning rod 2. The current-voltage converter 11 can convert the received current into voltage. One end of the current converter 11 is connected to the output end of the current amplifier, and the other end is connected to the second input terminal 12-2 of the connector 12. One end of the data receiver is connected to the second output terminal 12-4 of the connector.

[0032] The data receiver 13 is connected to the computer via radio.

[0033] When the pulse wave passes through the branch point, branch end, and down lead end of the down lead, a pulse reflection wave in the opposite direction will be generated. The pulse reflection wave re-enters the connector from the first output end 12-3 and is transmitted from the second output end 12-4 of the connector to the data receiver 13, and is finally collected and saved by the data receiver.

[0034] The connector in this embodiment acts as an intermediate medium, and its function is similar to that of an N-way connection valve. The current generated by the electromagnetic induction device can be transmitted to the data receiver through the connector. The data acquisition device can be used to receive the pulse reflection waves generated at the branch point, branch end, and end of the down conductor, as well as the current at the branch point and end of the down conductor, and can convert the current data into voltage data values. Finally, the voltage, reflection wave signal, and test signal can be transmitted to the computer through the data receiver for background data processing and storage.

[0035] The simulation test device further includes a power supply device 14, which is connected to the pulse generator, the data receiver and the current-voltage converter through wires.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] The purpose of this embodiment is to provide a wind farm lightning protection system fault location simulation test principle, the specific steps are:

[0038] 1. The computer will set the appropriate Gaussian pulse wave time width according to the length of the test wind turbine blade. Then, the Gaussian pulse generator receives the time width setting value and outputs the Gaussian pulse wave as the test signal. The test signal enters the down conductor after passing through the connector.

[0039] While generating Gaussian pulse waves, the drone carrying direct current will maintain a horizontal flight angle with the wind blades in the air. When the wind blades and the drone rotate in opposite directions, complementary currents will be generated in the drone and the wind blades.

[0040] 2. Gaussian pulse waves will generate pulse reflection waves at the down conductor branch point, branch end, down conductor end and fault point respectively. The pulse reflection waves enter the connector in the opposite direction through the first output end of the connector, and the complementary current generated by the wind turbine blades will be along the down conductor. The electromagnetic induction device will induce the current and generate current with the help of the current sensor. The current is amplified by the current amplifier, and then the amplified current will be converted into voltage in the current-voltage converter and enter the connector through the second input end of the connector.

[0041] 3. The voltage and pulse reflection wave in the connector will be transmitted to the data collector through the second output end of the connector for unified collection. The data collector will transmit the collected voltage and pulse reflection wave to the computer, and process the voltage and pulse reflection wave data of the fault-free fan blades and the fan blades to be tested to analyze the exact location of the fault point.

[0042] Although the above description of the specific implementation methods of the present invention is combined with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Technical personnel in the relevant field should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention, various modifications or deformations that can be made by technical personnel in this field without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind farm lightning protection system fault location simulation test device, characterized in that: It includes wind turbine blades, electromagnetic induction device, pulse generator, data acquisition device, lightning receptor, computer and drone; The lightning receptor is arranged in the internal cavity of the wind turbine blade, the lightning receptor is connected to the data acquisition device via a down conductor, the electromagnetic induction device is respectively sleeved on both sides of the lightning receptor and the down conductor branch point, the pulse generator is arranged at one end of the wind turbine blade away from the lightning receptor, the pulse generator is connected to the data acquisition device, and is used to transmit a pulse wave signal to the down conductor, the pulse wave signal will generate a pulse reflection wave at the down conductor branch point, the branch end, the down conductor end and the fault point, and the data acquisition device is also connected to the electromagnetic induction device; The lightning receptors include a blade body lightning receptor and a blade tip lightning receptor. The blade tip lightning receptor is installed at the tip of the wind turbine blade, i.e., the end of the down conductor, while the blade body lightning receptor is arranged at the end of the down conductor branch and connected to the down conductor through the branch down conductor. The tips of the blade body lightning receptor and the blade tip lightning receptor both pass through the top surface of the wind turbine blade, and the tails of the two are arranged inside the wind turbine blade and connected to their respective down conductors. The electromagnetic induction device includes an electromagnetic induction coil, a current sensor and a current amplifier. The electromagnetic induction coil is respectively sleeved on both sides of the lightning rod and the down conductor branch point. The output end of the electromagnetic induction coil is connected to the input end of the current sensor, the output end of the current sensor is connected to the input end of the current amplifier, and the output end of the current amplifier is connected to the data acquisition device.

2. A wind farm lightning protection system fault location simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drone carries direct current power.

3. A wind farm lightning protection system fault location simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan blades include non-faulty fan blades and fan blades to be detected.

4. A wind farm lightning protection system fault location simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several fixing plates are provided on the inner wall of the internal cavity of the fan blade, and the fixing plates are respectively located at the branch point and the end of the down conductor.

5. A wind farm lightning protection system fault location simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition device includes a connector, which includes a first input end, a second input end, a first output end, and a second output end. The first output end of the connector is connected to the down conductor in the fan blade.

6. A wind farm lightning protection system fault location simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulse generator includes a Gaussian pulse wave generator and a pulse frequency enhancer. The output end of the Gaussian pulse wave generator is connected to the pulse frequency enhancer, and the output end of the pulse frequency enhancer is connected to the first input end of the connector.

7. A wind farm lightning protection system fault location simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition device also includes a current-voltage converter, which is arranged inside one end of the wind turbine blade away from the lightning receptor and located between the connector and the lightning receptor, with one end connected to the output end of the current amplifier and the other end connected to the second input end of the connector.

8. A wind farm lightning protection system fault location simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition device further comprises a data receiver, which is connected to the second output end of the connector and is remotely connected to the computer via radio.

9. A wind farm lightning protection system fault location simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulation test device also includes a power supply device, which is connected to the pulse generator, the data receiver and the current-voltage converter respectively through wires.

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