Detachable U-shaped pipe efficient heat exchanger

Abstract

The utility model discloses a detachable U-shaped pipe efficient heat exchanger, and belongs to the technical field of heat exchangers. The defects that in the prior art, when a tube bundle of a traditional heat exchanger is pulled out and cleaned, a tube box, a shell and the tube bundle need to be completely disassembled, and the cleaning process is very tedious, time-consuming and labor-consuming are overcome. A main body structure of the heat exchanger comprises a tube box and a shell, a tube bundle is arranged in the shell, one end of the shell is connected with the tube box, the other end of the shell is detachably connected with a head cover, the shell comprises an end cover, the tube bundle comprises a tube plate, a conical plate and a U-shaped heat exchange tube, the tube plate is arranged between the tube box and the shell, and the U-shaped heat exchange tube sequentially penetrates through tube holes of the tube plate, the conical plate and the end cover. The conical panel is of a circular truncated cone-shaped structure, and a shell pass medium circulation opening used for circulation of a shell pass medium is formed in the middle of the conical panel. The heat exchanger is mainly used for heat exchange of equipment in high-temperature and high-pressure working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of heat exchangers, and in particular relates to a detachable U-shaped tube high-efficiency heat exchanger. Background Art

[0002] As a relatively common type of heat exchange equipment, the U-tube heat exchanger has the following structural features: 1) The tail end of the U-shaped heat exchange tube can float freely, releasing temperature difference stress and can be used in high-temperature working conditions; 2) The structure has only one tube sheet and a small number of equipment flanges, so the structure is simple, there are fewer leakage points, and material is saved; 3) The tube bundle can be cored and cleaned, and the tube bundle can be replaced individually; 4) Among all structural types of heat exchange equipment, the U-tube heat exchanger is the only equipment type suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure working conditions, and is very widely used.

[0003] However, the existing U-tube heat exchanger still has the following disadvantages:

[0004] 1) There is a shell-side heat transfer dead zone in the bend of the U-shaped tube bundle in the shell. The fluidity of the medium is very low, and it is very easy to form a dirt deposition area. When the tube bundle is pulled out and cleaned, the tube box, shell, and tube bundle need to be completely disassembled. The cleaning process is very cumbersome and time-consuming. 2) For large-diameter U-shaped tube bundles, the bend is prone to fluid-induced vibration, and it is necessary to consider setting up a tail support structure.

[0005] For example, the Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN 201858911 U discloses a U-tube heat exchanger in which the tube sheet and tube box, and the tube sheet and shell are directly welded. However, this has the disadvantage that when the tube bundle is pulled out for cleaning, the tube box, shell, and tube bundle need to be completely disassembled before cleaning, making the cleaning process cumbersome and wasting a lot of manpower and material resources. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a detachable U-shaped tube high-efficiency heat exchanger.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A detachable U-tube high-efficiency heat exchanger comprises a tube box and a shell. A tube bundle is disposed within the shell. One end of the shell is connected to the tube box, and the other end is detachably connected to a header. The shell includes end caps. The tube bundle comprises a tube sheet, a tapered face plate, and U-shaped heat exchange tubes. The tube sheet is disposed between the tube box and the shell. The U-shaped heat exchange tubes sequentially pass through the tube holes of the tube sheet, tapered face plate, and end cap. The tapered face plate has a "truncated cone" structure, and a shell-side medium flow port is provided in the center of the tapered face plate for the circulation of shell-side media. The tube sheet and the U-shaped heat exchange tubes are sealed and fixed by welding, while the end caps and the U-shaped heat exchange tubes are not welded. The tube holes in the end caps support the U-shaped heat exchange tubes passing through them.

[0009] Preferably, the head cover is installed on the curved section of the tube bundle, and the head cover is detachably connected to the end cover via a gasket and a stud.

[0010] Preferably, the conical panel is further provided with a heat exchange tube mounting hole for mounting a U-shaped heat exchange tube.

[0011] Preferably, there is more than one cone panel, and the more than one cone panel is arranged at equal intervals. Under the action of shell side pressure, a certain pressure difference will be formed in the cone panel space, which is conducive to the full circulation of the medium for heat exchange.

[0012] Preferably, the shell further includes a cylinder and a tube box side flange arranged on one side of the cylinder, and the tube sheet is installed between the tube box and the tube box side flange.

[0013] Preferably, a pass partition is installed on the pipe box, and the pipe box is divided into a pipe-side medium inlet cavity and a pipe-side medium outlet cavity by the pass partition.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. The head cover is detachably connected to the end cover via gaskets and studs. When cleaning is required, only the rear end head cover needs to be disassembled, the exposed elbow area of ​​the U-shaped heat exchange tube is thoroughly cleaned, and then the head cover and end cover are reconnected and tightened. This effectively avoids the need to completely disassemble the equipment's pipe box, shell, and tube bundle when regularly extracting the tube bundle to clean dirt, and then replace the equipment gaskets during reassembly, thus saving equipment maintenance time and costs.

[0016] 2. During the operation of the equipment, the shell-side medium flows into the shell from the shell-side medium inlet and then flows into the space of the cone panels arranged at equal intervals in the U-shaped tube bundle. Due to the action of the shell-side pressure, a certain pressure difference will be formed in the cone panel space. Therefore, after the medium flows into the cone panel space, a vortex flow will be formed along the cone surface under the dual action of the medium flow force and the pressure difference of the cone panel. The vortex flow will stir the medium in the dead zone of the shell top and bottom plate, which is prone to form flow, to fully circulate and exchange heat, thereby effectively reducing the shell-side heat transfer dead zone and greatly improving the heat transfer efficiency of the equipment.

[0017] 3. The setting of the end cover can completely avoid the risk of fluid-induced vibration in the tube bundle, making the operation of the tube bundle more stable and greatly improving the service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the cone panel of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is the front view of the cone panel of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a left view of the cone panel of the utility model.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Tube box; 2. Shell; 3. Tube bundle; 4. Head cover; 5. Partition plate; 11. Tube-side medium inlet cavity; 12. Tube-side medium outlet cavity; 21. Tube box side flange; 22. Cylinder; 23. End cover; 31. Tube sheet; 32. Conical plate; 33. U-shaped heat exchange tube; 34. Shell-side medium flow port; 35. Heat exchange tube mounting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a detachable U-tube high-efficiency heat exchanger includes a tube box 1 and a shell 2. A tube bundle 3 is disposed within the shell 2. One end of the shell 2 is connected to the tube box 1, and the other end is detachably connected to a header 4. The shell 2 includes an end cap 23. The tube bundle 3 comprises a tube sheet 31, a tapered face plate 32, and U-shaped heat exchange tubes 33. The tube sheet 31 is disposed between the tube box 1 and the shell 2. The U-shaped heat exchange tubes 33 sequentially pass through the tube holes of the tube sheet 31, the tapered face plate 32, and the end cap 23. The tapered face plate 32 has a "truncated cone" structure, and a shell-side medium flow port 34 for the flow of shell-side medium is provided in the center of the tapered face plate 32. Specifically, the tube sheet 31 and the U-shaped heat exchange tubes 33 are sealed and fixed by welding, while the end cap 23 and the U-shaped heat exchange tubes 33 are not welded. The tube holes in the end cap 23 support the U-shaped heat exchange tubes 33 passing therethrough.

[0026] Example 2:

[0027] A detachable U-tube high-efficiency heat exchanger is different from Example 1 in that a header 4 is installed on the bend section of the tube bundle 3, and the header 4 is detachably connected to the end cover 23 through a gasket and a stud.

[0028] Furthermore, the conical panel 32 is provided with a heat exchange tube mounting hole 35 for mounting the U-shaped heat exchange tube 33 , and the end cover 23 is provided with a tube hole, the arrangement of which is consistent with the position of the heat exchange tube mounting hole 35 on the conical panel 32 .

[0029] Furthermore, more than one conical panel 32 is provided, and the more than one conical panel 32 is arranged at equal intervals. Under the action of the shell-side pressure, a certain pressure difference is formed in the space between the conical panels 32, which is conducive to the full circulation of the medium for heat exchange, effectively reducing the shell-side heat transfer dead zone and greatly improving the heat transfer efficiency of the equipment.

[0030] Furthermore, the shell 2 further includes a cylinder 22 and a tube box side flange 21 provided on one side of the cylinder 22 , and the tube sheet 31 is installed between the tube box 1 and the tube box side flange 21 .

[0031] Furthermore, a pass partition 5 is installed on the pipe box 1 , and the pipe box 1 is divided into a pipe-side medium inlet cavity 11 and a pipe-side medium outlet cavity 12 by the pass partition 5 .

[0032] The working principle of this utility model is:

[0033] Tube box 1 is provided with a tube-side medium inlet and a tube-side medium outlet, while shell 2 is provided with a shell-side medium inlet and a shell-side medium outlet. During operation, the tube-side medium flows from the tube-side medium inlet into tube-side medium inlet chamber 11 in tube box 1, then into the U-shaped heat exchange tubes 33 of tube bundle 3, and finally out of tube box 1 through tube-side medium outlet chamber 12. Simultaneously, the shell-side medium flows from the shell-side medium inlet into shell 2 and then into the spaces between the equally spaced conical panels 32 within the U-shaped tube bundle. Due to the shell-side pressure, a certain pressure differential forms within the spaces between the conical panels 32. Consequently, after the medium flows into the spaces between the conical panels 32, a vortex flow forms along the conical surface under the dual effects of the medium flow force and the pressure differential across the conical surface of the conical panels 32. This vortex flow stirs the medium in the shell-side dead zones, which are prone to forming flow dead zones, allowing it to fully circulate and exchange heat. This effectively reduces the shell-side heat transfer dead zones and significantly improves the heat transfer efficiency of the equipment. Finally, the shell-side medium fully exchanges heat with the U-shaped heat exchange tube 33 in the shell-side space, passes through a plurality of shell-side medium flow ports 34 , and flows out of the shell 2 from the shell-side medium outlet.

[0034] Because the fluidity of the medium in the bend of the U-shaped heat exchange tube 33 is very low and this location is prone to fouling, over time, the shell-side medium will continuously deposit fouling in the bend of the U-shaped tube bundle until it blocks the lower portion of the U-shaped tube bundle, ultimately causing corrosion and damage to the heat exchange tubes in this area, affecting the normal operation of the equipment. Therefore, to extend the service life of the U-shaped tube bundle, the U-shaped tube bundle must be regularly cleaned of dirt. The present invention completely avoids the need to disassemble the tube box 1, shell 2, and tube bundle 3 for cleaning. Simply disassemble the rear end header 4, thoroughly clean the exposed bend of the U-shaped heat exchange tube 33, and then reconnect and secure the header 4 to the end cap 23. Furthermore, the end cap 23 of the present invention provides comprehensive support for the U-shaped bend of the tube bundle 3, eliminating the need to separately consider the rear support structure for the U-shaped heat exchange tube 33 during assembly of the tube bundle. The provision of the end cover 23 completely prevents the tube bundle 3 from generating the risk of fluid-induced vibration, thus making the operation of the tube bundle 3 more stable and greatly improving the service life of the equipment.

Claims

1. A detachable U-tube high-efficiency heat exchanger, comprising a tube box (1) and a shell (2), wherein a tube bundle (3) is arranged in the shell (2), characterized in that: One end of the shell (2) is connected to the tube box (1), and the other end is detachably connected to a head cover (4). The shell (2) includes an end cover (23). The tube bundle (3) includes a tube sheet (31), a conical panel (32), and a U-shaped heat exchange tube (33). The tube sheet (31) is arranged between the tube box (1) and the shell (2). The U-shaped heat exchange tube (33) sequentially passes through the tube holes of the tube sheet (31), the conical panel (32), and the end cover (23). The conical panel (32) is a "truncated cone" structure, and a shell-side medium flow port (34) for the flow of shell-side medium is arranged in the middle of the conical panel (32).

2. The detachable U-tube high-efficiency heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head cover (4) is installed on the curved pipe section of the tube bundle (3), and the head cover (4) is detachably connected to the end cover (23) via a gasket and a stud.

3. The detachable U-tube high-efficiency heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conical panel (32) is also provided with a heat exchange tube installation hole (35) for installing a U-shaped heat exchange tube (33).

4. The detachable U-tube high-efficiency heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: More than one cone panel (32) is provided, and the more than one cone panel (32) is arranged at equal intervals.

5. The detachable U-tube high-efficiency heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shell (2) further comprises a cylinder (22) and a tube box side flange (21) arranged on one side of the cylinder (22); the tube sheet (31) is installed between the tube box (1) and the tube box side flange (21).

6. The detachable U-tube high-efficiency heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A partition plate (5) is installed on the pipe box (1), and the pipe box (1) is divided into a pipe-side medium inlet cavity (11) and a pipe-side medium outlet cavity (12) by the partition plate (5).

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