Testing device for simulating pipe-jacking method construction of contact channel

Abstract

The utility model provides a test device for simulating connection channel pipe-jacking method construction, the test device comprises a model box, a main tunnel model and a connection channel model, the main tunnel model is arranged in the model box, one side of the main tunnel model is provided with a through hole, the connection channel model is located in the main tunnel model, and the through hole is arranged in the connection channel model. A soil body is filled between the interior of the model box and the main tunnel model; a supporting device, a pushing device and a detection device are arranged in the main tunnel model, the supporting device is used for applying pre-supporting force to the pipe wall of the main tunnel model in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, one end of the pushing device is connected with the supporting device, and the other end of the pushing device is used for pushing the connection channel model to enter the soil body through the through hole; the detection device is used for detecting strain and stress of the main tunnel model in real time. According to the utility model, actual construction conditions can be simulated, and the influence of different jacking forces and pre-supporting forces on the main tunnel structure can be researched.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of simulated pipe jacking construction, in particular to a test device for simulating the pipe jacking construction of a communication channel. Background Art

[0002] The use of pipe jacking to construct connecting passages is a concealed excavation method used when crossing various obstacles such as railways, roads, rivers or buildings. It has the advantages of safety, low pollution and a short construction period. At present, research on the construction of connecting passages by pipe jacking is more reflected in numerical simulation and on-site monitoring. Research on the impact of different jacking forces and pre-support forces on the main tunnel structure during the simulated construction process is still relatively scarce. Therefore, this utility model relies on actual engineering to conduct scaled model tests, providing a device foundation for model test research on the pipe jacking method for connecting passages, and conducting experimental research on the effects of different jacking forces and pre-support forces on the strain and stress of the main tunnel segments.

[0003] The utility model, publication number CN210768782U, discloses a tunnel excavation and support simulation test device, comprising a support assembly and a simulation assembly. The support assembly comprises a support, a telescopic shaft, a support housing, and a jacking cylinder. The jacking cylinder is fixed to the interior of the support, and the output end of the jacking cylinder is transmission-connected to the telescopic shaft, which extends through the outer wall of the support. However, the tunnel excavation and support simulation test device is only used to simulate environmental issues such as ground deformation caused by construction processes such as pipe jacking and earth pressure shields, and cannot simulate the effects of different jacking forces and pre-support forces on the main tunnel structure. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the defects in the existing technology and provide a test device for simulating the construction of a connecting channel by the jacking method, which can simulate actual construction conditions and conduct research on the influence of different jacking forces and pre-support forces on the main tunnel structure.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a test device for simulating the construction of a connecting channel by pipe jacking method, comprising a model box, a main tunnel model and a connecting channel model, wherein the main tunnel model is arranged in the model box, a through hole is provided on one side of the main tunnel model, the connecting channel model is located in the main tunnel model, and soil is filled between the model box and the main tunnel model;

[0006] The main tunnel model is provided with a supporting device, a pushing device and a detection device. The supporting device is used to apply pre-support force to the pipe wall of the main tunnel model in the horizontal and vertical directions. One end of the pushing device is connected to the supporting device, and the other end is used to push the connecting channel model through the through hole into the soil. The detection device is used to detect the strain and stress of the main tunnel model in real time.

[0007] Optionally, the pushing device includes a pushing drive member and a sleeve, one end of the pushing drive member is connected to the supporting device, and the other end is detachably connected to the sleeve.

[0008] Optionally, the sleeve is a hollow structure.

[0009] Optionally, the support device includes a support body, a horizontal support assembly for applying horizontal pre-support force to the main tunnel model, and a vertical support assembly for applying vertical pre-support force to the main tunnel model. The horizontal support assembly and the vertical support assembly are independently arranged on the support body, and one end of the jacking drive is connected to the horizontal support assembly, and the jacking drive is a hydraulic telescopic device.

[0010] Optionally, the horizontal support assembly includes a horizontal support rod arranged on the support body, a horizontal fixed plate and a horizontal movable plate respectively arranged at both ends of the horizontal support rod, a horizontal driving member for driving the horizontal movable plate to move is provided between the horizontal support rod and the horizontal movable plate, and the pushing device is connected to the horizontal fixed plate.

[0011] Optionally, the horizontal driving member is a hydraulic telescopic device.

[0012] Optionally, the horizontal support components are respectively arranged on both sides of the pushing device.

[0013] Optionally, the vertical support assembly includes a vertical support rod arranged on the support body, a vertical fixed plate and a vertical movable plate respectively arranged at both ends of the vertical support rod, and a vertical driving member for driving the vertical movable plate to move is provided between the vertical support rod and the vertical movable plate.

[0014] Optionally, the vertical support assembly includes a vertical support rod arranged on the support body, and vertical movable plates respectively arranged at both ends of the vertical support rod, and the vertical support rod is provided with a vertical driving member for driving the vertical movable plate to move.

[0015] Optionally, the detection device includes a pressure sensor and a stress sheet arranged on the main tunnel model.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The test device for simulating the pipe jacking construction of the connecting channel of the present invention is formed by a reduced design simulation, and includes a model box, a main tunnel model and a connecting channel model. The main tunnel model is provided with a supporting device, a pushing device and a detection device.

[0018] The main tunnel model and the connecting channel model are placed in a model box, and a detection device is set at the position where the main tunnel model is subjected to pre-support force and jacking force to monitor the strain and stress data of the main tunnel segment; the gaps between the main tunnel model and the model box, and between the connecting channel model and the model box are filled with soil; the simulation of the pipe jacking method construction process begins, the support device is started to apply pre-support force to the pipe wall of the main tunnel model in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the jacking device is then started to jack the connecting channel model through the through hole into the soil. When simulating the pipe jacking method construction process, the detection device detects the strain and stress of the main tunnel model in real time.

[0019] The utility model can simulate actual construction conditions to carry out experiments on the construction of simulated connecting channel pipe jacking method, and study the influence of different jacking forces, different horizontal and vertical pre-support forces on the main tunnel model structure.

[0020] 2. In the present invention, one end of the jacking device is connected to the horizontal support assembly. When the jacking device pushes the connecting channel model, the jacking force applied acts on the horizontal support assembly, which can avoid the stress concentration caused by the jacking force directly acting on the main tunnel model and reduce the damage to the pipe segments of the main tunnel model.

[0021] 3. The sleeve in the utility model is detachably arranged on the pushing drive member, and its shape can be adjusted according to the communication channel model with different cross-sections, so that the communication channel model with different cross-sections can be pushed. The pushing drive member and the sleeve are connected by bolts to facilitate installation and disassembly, such as installing communication channels with standard circular cross-sections, large circular cross-sections, rectangular cross-sections, etc.

[0022] 4. The sleeve in the utility model is a hollow structure, and the hollow structure is a reserved soil storage space. During the simulated jacking process, after the sleeve pushes the communication channel model into the soil, the soil in the communication channel model can enter the reserved hollow structure, preventing soil accumulation pressure, resulting in excessive local stress and stress concentration.

[0023] 5. The horizontal support assembly and the vertical support assembly in the present invention are used to apply horizontal pre-support force and horizontal pre-support force in the horizontal direction and vertical direction respectively. The horizontal support assembly and the vertical support assembly are independently arranged on the support body, and the horizontal pre-support force and the vertical pre-support force can be controlled separately, so that the applied pre-support force is concentrated, and the horizontal pre-support force and the horizontal pre-support force will not affect each other. According to the different soil pressures in the horizontal and vertical directions during actual construction, the pre-support force applied by the horizontal support assembly and the vertical support assembly to the main tunnel segment in the horizontal and vertical directions can be adjusted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a model box in a test device for simulating the pipe jacking method construction of a communication channel disclosed in the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a support device in a test device for simulating pipe jacking construction of a communication channel disclosed in the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a jacking device with a circular sleeve installed in a test device for simulating the pipe jacking method construction of a communication channel disclosed in the utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a jacking device with a square sleeve installed in a test device for simulating the pipe jacking construction of a communication channel disclosed in the utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a main tunnel model and a communication channel model in a test device for simulating the construction of a communication channel using a pipe jacking method disclosed in the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A three-dimensional image of the main tunnel model segment at point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Structural diagram of the main tunnel model segment at point A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 5 A three-dimensional diagram of the assembly and connection of the main tunnel model segments at point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 9 for Figure 5 Structural diagram of the assembly and connection of the main tunnel model segments at A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the main tunnel model segment splicing in the test device for simulating the construction of the connecting channel pipe jacking method disclosed in this utility model

[0035] Reference numerals:

[0036]

[0037]

[0038] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly defined, words such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the present invention in combination with the specific content of the technical solution. In the description of the present invention, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in combination with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0041] See also Figure 1-10 According to an embodiment of the present invention, a test device for simulating the construction of a connecting channel by pipe jacking method includes a model box 1, a main tunnel model 2, and a connecting channel model 3. The main tunnel model 2 is arranged in the model box 1. A through hole 21 is provided on one side of the main tunnel model 2. The connecting channel model 3 is located in the main tunnel model 2. Soil is filled between the model box 1 and the main tunnel model 2.

[0042] The main tunnel model 2 is provided with a supporting device, a pushing device and a detection device; the supporting device is used to apply pre-support force to the pipe wall of the main tunnel model in the horizontal and vertical directions, one end of the pushing device is connected to the supporting device, and the other end is used to push the connecting channel model 3 through the through hole 21 into the soil, and the detection device is used to detect the strain and stress of the main tunnel model 2 in real time.

[0043] Specifically, the main tunnel model 2 and the connecting channel model 3 are placed in the model box 1, and a detection device is set at the position where the main tunnel model 2 is subjected to pre-support force and jacking force to monitor the strain and stress data of the main tunnel segment; the gaps between the main tunnel model 2 and the model box 1, and between the connecting channel model 3 and the model box 1 are filled with soil; the simulation of the jacking method construction process is started, the supporting device is started to apply pre-support force to the pipe wall of the main tunnel model 2 in the horizontal and vertical directions, and then the jacking device is started to jack the connecting channel model 3 into the soil through the through hole 21. When simulating the jacking method construction process, the detection device detects the strain and stress of the main tunnel model 2 in real time, so as to carry out experiments simulating the connecting channel jacking method construction and study the effects of different jacking forces and different horizontal and vertical pre-support forces on the main tunnel structure.

[0044] One end of the jacking device is connected to the horizontal support assembly. When the jacking device pushes the connecting channel model 3, the jacking force applied by the jacking device acts on the horizontal support assembly. This prevents stress concentration caused by the jacking force acting directly on the main tunnel model 2 and reduces damage to the segments of the main tunnel model 2. The test device simulating the connecting channel pipe jacking method also includes a control system, to which the jacking device, horizontal support assembly, and vertical support assembly are all electrically connected.

[0045] See also Figure 3 and 4 In some embodiments of the present invention, the pushing device includes a pushing drive member 71 and a sleeve 72. One end of the pushing drive member 71 is connected to the horizontal support assembly, and the other end is detachably connected to the sleeve 72.

[0046] The jacking drive 71 applies a jacking force toward the horizontal support assembly and provides a reaction force to the sleeve 72. The connecting channel segment is pushed forward by the jacking action of the sleeve 72. The removable sleeve 72 can adjust its shape according to the connecting channel model 3 with different cross-sections, and jacking is performed on connecting channel models 3 with different cross-sections. The jacking drive 71 is connected to the sleeve 72 by bolts to facilitate installation and removal, such as installing connecting channels with standard circular cross-sections, large circular cross-sections, rectangular cross-sections, etc. The jacking device also includes a jacking support seat 73 provided on the support plate 41 below the support body 4, which is used to support the jacking drive 71. The jacking drive is a hydraulic telescopic device.

[0047] See also Figure 3 and 4 In some embodiments of the present invention, the sleeve 72 is a hollow structure, and the hollow structure is a reserved soil storage space. During the simulated pushing process, after the sleeve 72 pushes the connecting channel model 3 into the soil, the soil in the connecting channel model 3 can enter the reserved hollow structure to prevent soil accumulation, resulting in excessive local stress and stress concentration.

[0048] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, the support device includes a support body 4, a horizontal support assembly for applying horizontal pre-support force to the main tunnel model, and a vertical support assembly for applying vertical pre-support force to the main tunnel model. The horizontal support assembly and the vertical support assembly are independently arranged on the support body 4, and one end of the jacking drive member 71 is connected to the horizontal support assembly, and the jacking drive member 71 is a hydraulic telescopic device.

[0049] In the present invention, the horizontal support assembly and the vertical support assembly are used to apply horizontal pre-support force and horizontal pre-support force in the horizontal direction and vertical direction respectively. The horizontal support assembly and the vertical support assembly are independently arranged on the support body 4, and the horizontal pre-support force and the vertical pre-support force can be controlled separately, so that the applied pre-support force is concentrated, and the horizontal pre-support force and the horizontal pre-support force will not affect each other. According to the different soil pressures in the horizontal and vertical directions during actual construction, it can better simulate the pre-support force borne by the main tunnel segments in the horizontal and vertical directions in actual engineering.

[0050] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, the horizontal support assembly includes a horizontal support rod 53 arranged on the support body 4, a horizontal fixed plate 51 and a horizontal movable plate 52 respectively arranged at both ends of the horizontal support rod 53, and a horizontal driving member for driving the horizontal movable plate 52 to move is provided between the horizontal support rod 53 and the horizontal movable plate 52, and the pushing device is connected to the horizontal fixed plate 51.

[0051] One end of the pushing device is connected to the horizontal fixing plate 51, which can avoid stress concentration on the main tunnel model 2 when the pushing device pushes the connecting channel model 3, thereby reducing damage to the pipe segment.

[0052] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, the horizontal driving member is a hydraulic telescopic device.

[0053] In this embodiment, the support body 4 includes two opposing support plates 41 connected by four support columns 42. The four support columns 42 are located adjacent to the four corners of the support plates 41. The horizontal support assembly includes four parallel horizontal support rods 53. Two horizontal support rods 53 and two support columns 42 on the same vertical plane form a group to form a tic-tac-toe structure. That is, the two horizontal support rods 53 in the same group both pass through the two support columns 42 and are located on the two support columns 42. Two groups are provided in total.

[0054] One end of the four horizontal support rods 53 is connected to the horizontal fixed plate 51, and the other end is connected to the horizontal movable plate 52. Each horizontal support rod 53 is provided with a horizontal driving member at one end adjacent to the horizontal movable plate 52. The horizontal driving member is electrically connected to the control system. The four horizontal driving members are uniformly pushed and controlled by the control system, and all apply horizontal pre-support force to the main tunnel model 2 through the horizontal fixed plate 51 or the horizontal movable plate 52, which can make the horizontal pre-support force more evenly applied, and prevent certain damage to the pipe segments of the main tunnel model 2 due to uneven application of force.

[0055] The horizontal driving member is a hydraulic telescopic device. Compared with the use of a jack to apply horizontal pre-support force, both ends of the horizontal driving member are connected to the horizontal support rod 53 or the horizontal movable plate 52 using a first flange 54, which facilitates the installation and fixation of the horizontal driving member and can be easily disassembled. The horizontal support rod 53 can penetrate the horizontal direction to form a "two-force rod" structure, so that the horizontal force is the same.

[0056] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, the horizontal support components are respectively arranged on both sides of the pushing device.

[0057] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, the vertical support assembly includes a vertical support rod 63 arranged on the support body 4, a vertical fixed plate 61 and a vertical movable plate 62 respectively arranged at both ends of the vertical support rod 63, and a vertical driving member for driving the vertical movable plate 62 to move is provided between the vertical support rod 63 and the vertical movable plate 62.

[0058] In this embodiment, the vertical support assembly includes four vertical support rods 63 arranged in parallel. The four vertical support rods 63 all pass through the two support plates 41 and are arranged on the two support plates 41. One end of the four vertical support rods 63 is connected to the vertical fixed plate 61, and the other end is connected to the vertical movable plate 62. Each vertical support rod 63 is provided with a vertical drive member at one end adjacent to the vertical movable plate 62. The vertical drive member is electrically connected to the control system. The four vertical drives are uniformly pushed and controlled by the control system, and each applies a vertical pre-support force to the main tunnel model 2 through the vertical fixed plate 61 or the vertical movable plate 62. This can make the vertical pre-support force more evenly applied, preventing damage to the pipe segments of the main tunnel model 2 caused by uneven force application.

[0059] The vertical drive member is a hydraulic telescopic device. Compared with using a jack to apply vertical pre-support force, both ends of the vertical drive member use a second flange to connect with the vertical support rod 63 or the vertical movable plate 62, which is convenient for the installation and fixation of the vertical drive member and can be easily disassembled and assembled. The vertical support rod 63 can pass through the vertical direction to form a "two-force rod" structure, so that the vertical direction is subjected to the same force.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present invention, the vertical support assembly includes a vertical support rod 63 arranged on the support body 4, and vertical movable plates 62 respectively arranged at both ends of the vertical support rod 63, and the vertical support rod 63 is provided with a vertical driving member for driving the vertical movable plate 62 to move.

[0061] The vertical support assembly includes four parallel vertical support rods 63. Each of the four vertical support rods 63 passes through the two support plates 41 and is mounted on the two support plates 41. Both ends of the four vertical support rods 63 are connected to the vertical movable plates 62. Each vertical support rod 63 is provided with a vertical drive member at both ends to drive the vertical movable plates 62 at its ends, or each vertical support rod 63 is provided with a vertical drive member for driving the vertical movable plates 62 at its ends.

[0062] The vertical drive members are electrically connected to the control system, and the four or eight vertical drive members are uniformly pushed and controlled by the control system, and all apply vertical pre-support force to the main tunnel model 2 through the vertical movable plate 62, which can make the vertical pre-support force applied more evenly and prevent certain damage to the pipe segments of the main tunnel model 2 due to uneven application of force.

[0063] In this embodiment, the thrust drive 71, the horizontal drive, and the vertical drive are all equipped with high-precision sensors that can sense the magnitude of the thrust force, horizontal pre-support force, or vertical pre-support force in real time and display it on a digital display, allowing for constant data reading and control of the magnitude. The thrust drive 71, the horizontal drive, and the vertical drive are flexibly selected based on the thrust distance and the power provided.

[0064] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, the detection device includes a pressure sensor and a stress sheet arranged on the main tunnel model 2.

[0065] In this embodiment, the pressure sensors and stress gauges are installed at the point where the main tunnel model 2 contacts the horizontal and vertical support assemblies, allowing observation of changes in strain and stress data within the segments of the main tunnel model 2. The horizontal fixed plate 51, horizontal movable plate 52, vertical fixed plate 61, and vertical movable plate 62 are each provided with small holes for the pressure sensors and stress gauge detection ends to pass through, allowing them to be installed on the segments of the main tunnel model 2 through the holes.

[0066] In this embodiment, the test device is designed and simulated in a scaled-down manner of 1:6.875, and the segments of the main tunnel model 2 and the segments of the connecting channel model 3 are designed. The segments used are mainly divided into reinforced concrete segments and reinforced concrete composite segments. Among them, reinforced concrete segments are the most commonly used segments in the pipe jacking method. It is composed of steel and concrete and has good strength and durability. Reinforced concrete composite segments have good strength and stability and are suitable for areas with complex geological conditions. The main tunnel model 2 uses reinforced concrete segments, and the T-joint part between the main tunnel model 2 and the connecting channel model 3 uses reinforced concrete composite segments, see Figure 5 Point A in the middle is the T-connection between the main tunnel model 2 and the connecting channel model 3.

[0067] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 The length of the model box 1 along the main tunnel segment is 7m, the length of the model box 1 along the jacking connecting channel is 4m, the height of the model box 1 is 4m, the model box 1 is made of steel along the jacking direction, the other two sides are made of transparent acrylic plates, and the bottom is made of steel. The side walls of the model box 1 are connected by a connector 12, which is used to fix the side walls of the model box 1. A hook 13 is provided on the model box 1. When the model box 1 needs to be moved, a chain can be used to hook the hook 13 for movement. A pulley 14 is provided at the bottom of the model box 1. When the model box 1 needs to be moved a short distance, the box body can be pushed and moved under the action of the pulley 14. A baffle 11 is provided on one side of the model box 1, which can be fixed on a horizontal plane to limit the position of the model box 1.

[0068] In this embodiment, see Figure 10 , is a schematic diagram of the pipe segment of the main tunnel model 2. This is a ring of pipe segments of the main tunnel model 2. Different ring segments are assembled with staggered joints. Each ring segment is divided into six splicing blocks, including 1 capping block 22, 2 lining blocks 23, and 3 standard blocks 24. It can ensure the stability and integrity of the structure and restore the actual working conditions to the greatest extent.

[0069] See also Figure 6 and 7 This figure shows the T-joint between the main tunnel model 2 and the connecting channel model 3. There are six segments in total, all of which are reinforced concrete composite segments. This means the segments are constructed with steel, reinforced internally, and poured with concrete to ensure the mechanical properties of the segment structure.

[0070] See also Figure 8 and 9 This figure shows the assembly and connection of the segments at the T-junction of the main tunnel model 2 and the connecting channel model 3. The segments of different rings and the segments of the rings of the main tunnel model 2 are connected by setting connection blocks 25.

[0071] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the practical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for simulating the construction of a connecting channel using the pipe jacking method, characterized in that: The model comprises a model box, a main tunnel model and a communication channel model, wherein the main tunnel model is arranged in the model box, a through hole is provided on one side of the main tunnel model, the communication channel model is located in the main tunnel model, and soil is filled between the model box and the main tunnel model; The main tunnel model is provided with a supporting device, a pushing device and a detection device. The supporting device is used to apply pre-support force to the pipe wall of the main tunnel model in the horizontal and vertical directions. One end of the pushing device is connected to the supporting device, and the other end is used to push the connecting channel model through the through hole into the soil. The detection device is used to detect the strain and stress of the main tunnel model in real time.

2. The test device for simulating the pipe jacking construction of a communication channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing device includes a pushing driving member and a sleeve. One end of the pushing driving member is connected to the supporting device, and the other end is detachably connected to the sleeve.

3. The test device for simulating the pipe jacking construction of a communication channel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sleeve is a hollow structure.

4. The test device for simulating the pipe jacking construction of a communication channel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support device includes a support body, a horizontal support assembly for applying horizontal pre-support force to the main tunnel model, and a vertical support assembly for applying vertical pre-support force to the main tunnel model. The horizontal support assembly and the vertical support assembly are independently arranged on the support body. One end of the jacking drive is connected to the horizontal support assembly, and the jacking drive is a hydraulic telescopic device.

5. The test device for simulating the pipe jacking construction of a communication channel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The horizontal support assembly includes a horizontal support rod arranged on the support body, a horizontal fixed plate and a horizontal movable plate respectively arranged at both ends of the horizontal support rod, a horizontal driving member for driving the horizontal movable plate to move is provided between the horizontal support rod and the horizontal movable plate, and the pushing device is connected to the horizontal fixed plate.

6. The test device for simulating the pipe jacking construction of a communication channel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The horizontal driving member is a hydraulic telescopic device.

7. The test device for simulating the pipe jacking construction of a communication channel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The horizontal support components are respectively arranged on both sides of the pushing device.

8. The test device for simulating the pipe jacking construction of a communication channel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vertical support assembly includes a vertical support rod arranged on the support body, a vertical fixed plate and a vertical movable plate respectively arranged at both ends of the vertical support rod, and a vertical driving member for driving the vertical movable plate to move is provided between the vertical support rod and the vertical movable plate.

9. The test device for simulating the pipe jacking construction of a communication channel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vertical support assembly includes a vertical support rod arranged on the support body, and vertical movable plates respectively arranged at both ends of the vertical support rod. The vertical support rod is provided with a vertical driving member for driving the vertical movable plate to move.

10. The test device for simulating pipe jacking construction of a communication channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection device includes a pressure sensor and a stress sheet arranged on the main tunnel model.

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