Load access circuit and mobile power supply

Abstract

The utility model provides a load access circuit and a mobile power source, the circuit comprises a load access positive end shunt and a load access negative end shunt, the load access positive end shunt comprises a first capacitor, a voltage stabilizing diode and a first resistor, and the load access negative end shunt comprises an access wake-up circuit and an MOS driving circuit. The access wake-up circuit comprises a second resistor, a third resistor, a second capacitor and a universal diode, when the load is powered on, the current of the power supply end of the micro-control unit passes through the load and then is grounded, the voltage of the wake-up enable end is reduced to a low level, and when the MCU receives a signal, the main loop is opened to control the enable and start the output; therefore, a user can complete an electricity load access action without key operation; when no load is accessed, the current of the power supply end of the micro-control unit outputs a high level signal, and when the MCU receives the signal, the MCU enters a dormant state, so that the mobile power supply does not need to output normally open, the effect of low power consumption is achieved, and the service life of the mobile power supply is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of mobile power supplies, and in particular to a load access circuit and a mobile power supply. Background Art

[0002] There are many types of mobile power banks on the market. Some require you to manually press a button to turn on the output, which is not a good user experience. Some mobile power banks also have outputs that are always on, which increases the standby power consumption of the device. The specific manifestations are as follows:

[0003] 1. When the output of the mobile power supply is always on, it may cause the device to charge for a long time, thereby increasing the risk of overheating and spontaneous combustion.

[0004] 2. Since the output is always on, the mobile power supply cannot effectively manage the use of the battery, resulting in a significant decrease in its battery life and affecting the service life of the internal battery.

[0005] 3. The output is always open, which means that the mobile power supply needs to be continuously powered, which will extend the charging time of the mobile power supply and affect the service life of the mobile power supply.

[0006] 4. Keeping the output on for a long time will increase power loss, especially when the switch mode power supply is under light load or no load. Most of the power dissipation is composed of MOSFET switching loss and control circuit line loss.

[0007] The above problems will seriously affect the user experience and safety of the mobile power supply, and are not conducive to the user's convenience in using the mobile power supply. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of the present disclosure is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a load access circuit and a mobile power supply that do not require key operation and do not require a normally open output when accessing electrical equipment.

[0009] The purpose of this disclosure is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0010] A load access circuit, comprising:

[0011] The load is connected to the positive terminal shunt, including a first capacitor, a voltage-stabilizing diode, and a first resistor, wherein the upper half of the first capacitor is connected to the positive terminal, the lower half of the first capacitor is connected to the positive terminal of the voltage-stabilizing diode and the first end of the first resistor, respectively, the first end of the first resistor is also connected to a DC ground, and the second end of the first resistor is connected to the negative terminal of the voltage-stabilizing diode and the upper half of the first capacitor, respectively;

[0012] The load is connected to the negative terminal branch, including a wake-up circuit and a MOS drive circuit. The wake-up circuit includes a second resistor, a third resistor, a second capacitor and a general diode. The first end of the second resistor is used to connect to the power supply terminal of the micro control unit, the second end of the second resistor is respectively connected to the first end of the third resistor and the positive end of the general diode, the negative end of the general diode is connected to the input end of the MOS drive circuit, the input end of the MOS drive circuit is also used to connect to the negative terminal, the discharge grounding end of the MOS drive circuit is used to connect to the DC ground, the second end of the third resistor is connected to the upper half end of the second capacitor, the second end of the third resistor is also used to connect to the wake-up enable end, and the lower half end of the second capacitor is connected to the digital ground.

[0013] In one embodiment, the MOS drive circuit includes a MOS drive control circuit, a first field effect transistor and a second field effect transistor, wherein the first end of the first field effect transistor is used to connect to the negative terminal, the second end of the first field effect transistor is connected to the second end of the second field effect transistor, the control end of the first field effect transistor is connected to the control end of the MOS drive control circuit, the first end of the second field effect transistor is connected to the DC ground, and the control end of the second field effect transistor is connected to the control end of the MOS drive control circuit.

[0014] In one embodiment, the first field effect transistor is an N-type MOS transistor.

[0015] In one embodiment, the second field effect transistor is an N-type MOS transistor.

[0016] In one embodiment, at least one of the second resistor and the third resistor is a variable resistor.

[0017] In one embodiment, a resistance ratio of the second resistor to the third resistor is 995:1 to 1005:1.

[0018] In one embodiment, the load connected to the positive end branch also includes a third capacitor, the upper half of the third capacitor is used to connect to the positive terminal, the upper half of the third capacitor is respectively connected to the negative end of the voltage regulator diode and the second end of the first resistor, and the lower half of the third capacitor is connected to the upper half of the first capacitor.

[0019] In one embodiment, the load connected to the positive terminal branch further includes a fourth resistor, a first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of the first resistor, and a second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the second end of the first resistor.

[0020] In one embodiment, the first resistor is a bleeder resistor.

[0021] In one embodiment, the fourth resistor is a bleeder resistor.

[0022] A mobile power supply comprises the load access circuit described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present disclosure has at least the following advantages:

[0024] 1. When the load is powered, the current at the power supply end of the microcontroller unit passes through the second resistor, the universal diode, the negative terminal, the load itself, the positive terminal, and the load is connected to the positive terminal shunt ground. At this time, the voltage at the wake-up enable end drops to a low level. When the microcontroller unit MCU receives a low-level signal, it turns on the main circuit control enable and starts the output. In this way, the user can complete the power load connection action without pressing any buttons, which improves the convenience of use.

[0025] 2. When no load is connected, the current at the power supply end of the microcontroller unit passes through the second resistor and the third resistor in sequence and then outputs a high-level signal. When the MCU receives the high-level signal, it no longer drives the main circuit to be enabled and enters a dormant state. As a result, the mobile power supply does not need to be normally open, achieving a low power consumption effect, reducing the possibility of overheating or spontaneous combustion of the mobile power supply and the device due to long-term charging of the device due to the normally open output, and extending the service life of the mobile power supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present disclosure and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of a load access circuit in one embodiment;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The circuit diagram of the load connected to the positive terminal shunt in the load connection circuit shown;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The circuit diagram of the load access circuit shown is that the load is connected to the negative terminal shunt.

[0030] Figure numerals: 10, load access circuit; 100, load access to positive terminal branch; 200, load access to negative terminal branch; 210, access to wake-up circuit; 220, MOS drive circuit; CD39, first capacitor; CD40, third capacitor; C139, second capacitor; DD31, general diode; MD24, first field-effect transistor; MD25, second field-effect transistor; RD81, first resistor; RD83, fourth resistor; RD103, second resistor; RD104, third resistor; ZD4, Zener diode; JD1, positive terminal; JD2, negative terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] To facilitate understanding of the present disclosure, a more comprehensive description of the present disclosure will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present disclosure. However, the present disclosure can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure.

[0032] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation methods.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms used herein in the specification of this disclosure are intended only to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this disclosure. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0034] In order to better understand the technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present disclosure, the present disclosure is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments:

[0035] See also Figure 1 , which is a load access circuit 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a load access positive terminal branch 100 and a load access negative terminal branch 200 .

[0036] like Figure 2As shown, the load-connected positive terminal branch 100 includes a first capacitor CD39, a Zener diode ZD4, and a first resistor RD81. The upper half of the first capacitor CD39 is connected to the positive terminal JD1, and the lower half of the first capacitor CD39 is connected to the positive terminal of the Zener diode ZD4 and the first end of the first resistor RD81. The first end of the first resistor RD81 is also connected to a DC ground, and the second end of the first resistor RD81 is connected to the negative terminal of the Zener diode ZD4 and the upper half of the first capacitor CD39. The parallel connection of the first capacitor CD39 and the Zener diode ZD4 further stabilizes the voltage supplied to the load, preventing sudden voltage changes that could damage the load and / or circuit components.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, the load is connected to the negative terminal branch 200, including the wake-up circuit 210 and the MOS driver circuit 220. The wake-up circuit 210 includes a second resistor RD103, a third resistor RD104, a second capacitor C139, and a general diode DD31. The first end of the second resistor RD103 is used to connect to the micro control unit power supply terminal MCU_IO_3.3V, the second end of the second resistor RD103 is respectively connected to the first end of the third resistor RD104 and the positive end of the general diode DD31, the negative end of the general diode DD31 is connected to the input end of the MOS driver circuit 220, and the input end of the MOS driver circuit 220 is also used to connect to the negative terminal JD2. The discharge grounding end of the MOS driver circuit 220 is used to connect to the DC ground. The second end of the third resistor RD104 is connected to the upper half end of the second capacitor C139, the second end of the third resistor RD104 is also used to connect to the wake-up enable end, and the lower half end of the second capacitor C139 is connected to the digital ground. Among them, the general-purpose diode DD31 is used to direct the current from the power supply end of the microcontroller unit to flow unidirectionally to the load and then to ground, preventing current backflow caused by reverse connection of the load, thereby avoiding the situation where the MCU is broken down due to current backflow.

[0038] In this embodiment, when the load is connected to power, the current at the power supply terminal of the microcontroller unit sequentially passes through the second resistor RD103, the universal diode DD31, the negative terminal JD2, the load itself, the positive terminal JD1, and the load connection positive terminal shunt 100 to ground. At this time, the voltage at the wake-up enable terminal drops to a low level. When the microcontroller unit MCU receives a low-level signal, it turns on the main circuit control enable and turns on the output, so that the user can complete the power load connection action without pressing any buttons, thereby improving the convenience of use. When no load is connected, the current at the power supply terminal of the microcontroller unit sequentially passes through the second resistor RD103 and the third resistor RD104 and outputs a high-level signal. When the MCU receives the high-level signal, it no longer drives the main circuit enable and enters a dormant state. As a result, the mobile power supply does not need to have its output always on, achieving a low power consumption effect, reducing the possibility of overheating or spontaneous combustion of the mobile power supply and the device due to long-term charging of the device caused by the output being always on, and improving the service life of the mobile power supply. It can be understood that when the wake-up enable terminal is in a high-level state, the entire circuit enters a sleep state and no longer outputs; when the wake-up enable terminal is in a low-level state, the MCU turns on the main loop control enable, starts the output, and supplies power to the connected load.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the MOS drive circuit 220 includes a MOS drive control circuit, a first field effect transistor MD24, and a second field effect transistor MD25. The first terminal of the first field effect transistor MD24 is connected to the negative terminal JD2, the second terminal of the first field effect transistor MD24 is connected to the second terminal of the second field effect transistor MD25, the control terminal of the first field effect transistor MD24 is connected to the control terminal 1 of the MOS drive control circuit, the first terminal of the second field effect transistor MD25 is connected to the DC ground, and the control terminal of the second field effect transistor MD25 is connected to the control terminal 2 of the MOS drive control circuit. It can be understood that the first field effect transistor MD24 and the second field effect transistor MD25 are arranged in reverse. When the load is properly connected, the MOS drive control circuit drives one MOS transistor to conduct, allowing the current from the power supply terminal of the micro control unit to flow normally to the load and then to ground. The current then flows through the first field effect transistor MD24 and the second field effect transistor MD25 to ground. When the load is reversely connected, the first field effect transistor MD24 is turned off. The parasitic diode of the first field effect transistor MD24 and the general diode DD31 jointly prevent current from flowing back, ensuring the safety of the entire circuit.

[0040] In this embodiment, the first field effect transistor MD24 is an N-type MOS transistor, a first terminal of which is a drain, a second terminal of which is a source, and a control terminal of which is a gate.

[0041] In another embodiment, the second field effect transistor MD25 is an N-type MOS transistor, a first terminal of which is a drain, a second terminal of which is a source, and a control terminal of which is a gate.

[0042] In one embodiment, at least one of the second resistor RD103 and the third resistor RD104 is a variable resistor. In this embodiment, when one or both of the second resistor RD103 and the third resistor RD104 are variable resistors, the resistance ratio of the second resistor RD103 to the third resistor RD104 can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance value of the second resistor RD103 and / or the third resistor RD104, thereby adjusting the voltage drop across the second resistor RD103 caused by the current flowing through the power supply terminal of the microcontroller.

[0043] Furthermore, the resistance ratio of the second resistor RD103 to the third resistor RD104 is 995:1 to 1005:1. In this embodiment, the resistance ratio of the second resistor RD103 to the third resistor RD104 is 1000:1. For example, the resistance value of the second resistor RD103 is 100KΩ, and the resistance value of the third resistor RD104 is 100Ω.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the load-connected positive terminal branch 100 further includes a third capacitor CD40. The upper half of the third capacitor CD40 is connected to the positive terminal JD1. The upper half of the third capacitor CD40 is connected to the negative terminal of the Zener diode ZD4 and the second end of the first resistor RD81, respectively. The lower half of the third capacitor CD40 is connected to the upper half of the first capacitor CD39. It will be appreciated that when the first capacitor CD39 and the third capacitor CD40 are connected in series, their total capacitance is reduced, providing a stable capacitor gate for the circuit, thereby improving circuit stability and protecting the load from voltage fluctuations and electromagnetic interference.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the load-connected positive terminal branch 100 further includes a fourth resistor RD83, wherein a first terminal of the fourth resistor RD83 is connected to a first terminal of the first resistor RD81, and a second terminal of the fourth resistor RD83 is connected to a second terminal of the first resistor RD81. It will be understood that the fourth resistor RD83 is connected in parallel with the first resistor RD81. On the one hand, the first resistor RD81 and the fourth resistor RD83 are used to limit the supply current. On the other hand, the first resistor RD81 and the fourth resistor RD83 are connected in parallel to shunt the supply current to ensure safe power supply to the load.

[0046] In this embodiment, the first resistor RD81 is a discharge resistor; and / or, the fourth resistor RD83 is a discharge resistor. It can be understood that the first capacitor CD39 and the second capacitor C139 form an energy storage capacitor group, and the first resistor RD81 and the fourth resistor RD83 are both connected in parallel with the energy storage capacitor group. In this way, when the load is connected to charge, the first resistor RD81 and the fourth resistor RD83 only play the role of limiting the current. At this time, the energy storage capacitor group stores voltage. When the load is disconnected, the energy storage capacitor group has a certain charge and needs to be discharged. At this time, the first resistor RD81 and the fourth resistor RD83 are used to quickly discharge the residual charge of the energy storage capacitor group within a few seconds of power failure, thereby ensuring the safety of the entire circuit, preventing residual charge from damaging the mobile power supply as a whole, and further preventing charge from damaging human health.

[0047] The present disclosure also provides a mobile power supply, comprising the load access circuit 10 of any of the above-mentioned embodiments. In this embodiment, when the mobile power supply adopts the load access circuit 10, the output does not need to be normally open, and the mobile power supply can enter a dormant or standby state when no load is connected. This reduces the power loss caused by the output being normally open, thereby reducing the overall power consumption of the mobile power supply and ensuring the service life of the mobile power supply. When a load is connected to the mobile power supply, the mobile power supply supplies power to the load according to the state of the wake-up enable terminal signal. The wake-up function can be implemented without manual button operation, thereby ensuring the user's convenience in using the mobile power supply.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the present disclosure has at least the following advantages:

[0049] 1. When the load is powered, the current at the power supply end of the microcontroller unit passes through the second resistor RD103, the universal diode DD31, the negative terminal JD2, the load itself, the positive terminal JD1, and the load is connected to the positive terminal shunt 100 and grounded. At this time, the voltage at the wake-up enable end drops to a low level. When the microcontroller unit MCU receives a low-level signal, it turns on the main circuit control enable and starts the output. Therefore, the user can complete the power load connection action without pressing any buttons, which improves the convenience of use.

[0050] 2. When no load is connected, the current at the power supply end of the microcontroller unit passes through the second resistor RD103 and the third resistor RD104 in sequence and then outputs a high-level signal. When the MCU receives the high-level signal, it no longer drives the main circuit to be enabled and enters a dormant state. As a result, the mobile power supply does not need to be normally open, achieving a low power consumption effect, reducing the possibility of overheating or spontaneous combustion of the mobile power supply and the device caused by long-term charging of the device due to the normally open output, and extending the service life of the mobile power supply.

[0051] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present disclosure. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the disclosed patent. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the disclosed patent shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A load access circuit, characterized in that: include: The load is connected to the positive terminal shunt, including a first capacitor, a voltage-stabilizing diode, and a first resistor, wherein the upper half of the first capacitor is connected to the positive terminal, the lower half of the first capacitor is connected to the positive terminal of the voltage-stabilizing diode and the first end of the first resistor, respectively, the first end of the first resistor is also connected to a DC ground, and the second end of the first resistor is connected to the negative terminal of the voltage-stabilizing diode and the upper half of the first capacitor, respectively; The load is connected to the negative terminal branch, including a wake-up circuit and a MOS drive circuit. The wake-up circuit includes a second resistor, a third resistor, a second capacitor and a general diode. The first end of the second resistor is used to connect to the power supply terminal of the micro control unit, the second end of the second resistor is respectively connected to the first end of the third resistor and the positive end of the general diode, the negative end of the general diode is connected to the input end of the MOS drive circuit, the input end of the MOS drive circuit is also used to connect to the negative terminal, the discharge grounding end of the MOS drive circuit is used to connect to the DC ground, the second end of the third resistor is connected to the upper half end of the second capacitor, the second end of the third resistor is also used to connect to the wake-up enable end, and the lower half end of the second capacitor is connected to the digital ground.

2. The load access circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MOS drive circuit includes a MOS drive control circuit, a first field effect transistor and a second field effect transistor, wherein the first end of the first field effect transistor is used to connect to the negative terminal, the second end of the first field effect transistor is connected to the second end of the second field effect transistor, the control end of the first field effect transistor is connected to the control end of the MOS drive control circuit, the first end of the second field effect transistor is connected to the DC ground, and the control end of the second field effect transistor is connected to the control end of the MOS drive control circuit.

3. The load access circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first field effect transistor is an N-type MOS transistor.

4. The load access circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second field effect transistor is an N-type MOS transistor.

5. The load access circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the second resistor and the third resistor is a variable resistor.

6. The load access circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The resistance ratio of the second resistor to the third resistor is 995:1 to 1005:

1.

7. The load access circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load is connected to the positive end branch and also includes a third capacitor, the upper half of the third capacitor is used to connect to the positive terminal, the upper half of the third capacitor is respectively connected to the negative end of the voltage regulator diode and the second end of the first resistor, and the lower half of the third capacitor is connected to the upper half of the first capacitor.

8. The load access circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load is connected to the positive end branch and further includes a fourth resistor, a first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of the first resistor, and a second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the second end of the first resistor.

9. The load access circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first resistor is a bleeder resistor; and / or, The fourth resistor is a discharge resistor.

10. A mobile power supply, characterized in that: The load access circuit comprises the load access circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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