Soil sample collector

Abstract

The utility model provides a soil sample collector which comprises a drill cylinder body, a drill rod, a holding frame, an elastic traction piece and a bulldozing pedal, the holding frame is connected to the upper portion of the drill cylinder body, the drill rod is connected into the drill cylinder body in a sliding mode and extends upwards, the bulldozing pedal is connected to the upper end of the drill rod, the elastic traction piece is arranged on the periphery of the upper portion of the drill rod in a sleeved mode, and the elastic traction piece is connected with the bulldozing pedal. And a guide rod is arranged in the holding frame. According to the soil sample collector provided by the utility model, after an operator inserts the drill cylinder body into a soil layer, a soil sample enters the drill cylinder body and is pulled out of the soil layer, the drill rod is driven to move downwards by treading the bulldozing pedal, so that the soil sample is discharged from the lower end of the drill cylinder body, and the guide rod plays a role in guiding the bulldozing pedal; by means of the structure, operation is easy and convenient, good safety is achieved, the elastic traction piece can pull down the treading push plate, the treading action of an operator can be assisted to push out a soil sample, and the soil sampling efficiency can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the soil sample collection tool technical field, more specifically, relate to a soil sample collector. BACKGROUND

[0002] Soil sampling is a necessary means for studying soil structure, analyzing soil quality and researching soil microenvironment. Different types of soil need to be sampled and studied, such as coastal beach, plain wilderness, mountain and hilly area, plateau glacier, soil at different altitudes, farmland, forest, grassland, facility greenhouse, and soil in different regional environments such as paddy field, dry land and marsh. The collection method of soil samples has an important influence on the subsequent experimental sample analysis. For example, the change of crop in farmland soil under different fertilization treatments and the response of certain microorganisms in soil under different fertilization treatments.

[0003] Generally, shallow soil sampling is usually operated by manual operation, and simple soil sampling tools such as spade and soil drill are often used, while deep soil sampling needs mechanical power input, such as gasoline-powered soil sampler.

[0004] In actual operation process, the specific soil sampling tool to be used needs to be determined according to the specific scene and analysis purpose. Small spade can be used to collect surface soil samples in farmland or wasteland. Ring knife can be used to collect soil samples when studying general physical properties of soil (such as soil bulk density, porosity and water holding characteristics).

[0005] The conventional spade and small spade have the problems of low sampling accuracy and inconvenient carrying and transportation. Although the mechanical drill has high efficiency, it is often limited by energy, region and transportation conditions, and has certain use limitations. Therefore, the most frequently used tool is still the soil drill operated by hand. Although the soil drill is flexible to operate, it requires high labor in the process of pushing out the soil sample, is not suitable for female operators, and is easy to cause hand injury of the operator during operation, affecting the safety of use. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0006] The utility model aims at providing a soil sample collector, which can reduce the difficulty of soil sample taking, improve the soil sample collection efficiency and ensure the safety in the soil sample collection process.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides technical scheme is: provide a kind of soil sample collector, including drill cylinder body, drill rod, holding frame, elastic pulling piece and bulldozing pedal, holding frame is connected to the top of drill cylinder body, drill rod is slidably connected in drill cylinder body, and extend upward, bulldozing pedal is connected to the upper end of drill rod, bulldozing pedal can drive drill rod to move downward to push soil sample from the lower end of drill cylinder body and discharge, elastic pulling piece is set on the upper portion of drill rod Outer periphery, for the elastic pulling of drill rod downward, holding frame is equipped with the guide rod of extending along up-down direction and with the sliding cooperation of bulldozing pedal.

[0008] In a possible implementation manner, the holding frame has a through cavity extending through front and back, the upper end of the guide rod is connected with the top wall of the through cavity, the lower end of the guide rod is connected with the bottom wall of the through cavity, the guide rod is arranged through the plate surface of the bulldozing pedal, and the upper end of the elastic pulling piece is connected with the bottom wall of the bulldozing pedal and the lower end is connected with the bottom wall of the through cavity.

[0009] In a possible implementation manner, the guide rod is arranged in the through cavity, and two guide rods are arranged in parallel and symmetrically on both sides of the elastic pulling piece.

[0010] In some embodiments, the inner top wall of the through cavity is connected with a telescopic driving member, the telescopic driving member is arranged to extend downward, the lower end of the telescopic driving member is connected with the bulldozing pedal, and the telescopic driving member is used to push the bulldozing pedal to make the bulldozing pedal and the drill rod move downward synchronously.

[0011] In some embodiments, the cavity bottom wall of the through cavity is further provided with two elastic limiting pads corresponding to the outer sides of the guide rods, and the elastic limiting pads can abut against the bottom wall of the bulldozing pedal to limit the sliding range of the bulldozing pedal.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, the cavity bottom wall of the through cavity is provided with a mounting limiting cavity opening upward, the lower end of the elastic pulling piece is connected to the cavity bottom wall of the mounting limiting cavity, and the elastic pulling piece can be folded in the mounting limiting cavity when the drill rod moves downward.

[0013] In a possible implementation manner, the top of the holding frame has a horizontal extending cross bar, two holding sleeves are arranged on the cross bar and symmetrically located on both sides of the drill rod.

[0014] In some embodiments, the stepping pedal is arranged on the outer periphery of the drill cylinder body and used to drive the drill cylinder body to drill into the soil layer under the stepping action of the operator, the outer periphery wall of the holding sleeve and the top surface of the stepping pedal are respectively provided with anti-skid layers, and the anti-skid layers have a plurality of arrayed anti-skid protrusions.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner, the drill cylinder body is provided with a soil collecting cavity opening downward, the lower end of the drill rod is provided with a bulldozing plate slidably connected in the soil collecting cavity, and the outer diameter of the bulldozing plate is greater than the outer diameter of the drill rod.

[0016] In some embodiments, the lower end of the drill barrel body has a downwardly extending conical portion, the soil mining cavity is arranged downwardly through the conical portion, the diameter of the conical portion gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the wall thickness of the conical portion gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the solution shown in the embodiment of the present application is that after the operator presses down the holding frame to insert the drill barrel body downward into the soil layer, the soil sample enters the drill barrel body, pulls the drill barrel body out of the soil layer, and drives the drill rod downward by stepping on the bulldozer pedal, thereby discharging the soil sample from the lower end of the drill barrel body. The guide rod guides the bulldozer pedal to ensure the smooth axial movement of the drill rod. The above structure is simple and convenient to operate and has good safety. The elastic pulling member can pull down the pedal push plate, which can assist the operator's stepping action to push out the soil sample, thereby reducing the difficulty of pushing out the soil sample and helping to improve the soil mining efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or descriptions of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the main structure of a soil sample collector in one state provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the main structure of the soil sample collector provided by an embodiment of the present utility model in another state;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the main structure of another embodiment of the soil sample collector provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 For the embodiment of the utility model Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA in FIG;

[0023] Figure 5 For the embodiment of the utility model Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the soil sample collector;

[0024] Figure 6 For the embodiment of the utility model Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the left side cross-sectional structure of the middle grip sleeve and the anti-slip layer.

[0025] Among them, the reference numerals in the figures are:

[0026] 1, drill cylinder body; 11, soil cavity; 12, cone cylinder part; 2, drill rod; 21, bulldozing pedal; 22, bulldozing plate; 3, holding frame; 31, through cavity; 32, installation limiting cavity; 33, cross rod; 34, holding sleeve; 4, elastic pulling piece; 5, stepping plate; 6, guide rod; 7, telescopic driving piece; 8, elastic limiting pad; 9, anti-skid layer; 91, anti-skid convex. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the utility model clearer and more apparent, the utility model will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the utility model and not to limit the utility model.

[0028] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used to facilitate the description of the utility model and simplify the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the utility model. The terms "first", "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the utility model, the meaning of "several" is two or more than two, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0029] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , now the soil sample collector provided by the utility model will be described. The soil sample collector comprises a drill cylinder body 1, a drill rod 2, a holding frame 3, an elastic pulling piece 4 and a bulldozing pedal 21, the holding frame 3 is connected above the drill cylinder body 1, the drill rod 2 is slidingly connected in the drill cylinder body 1 and extends upward, the bulldozing pedal 21 is connected to the upper end of the drill rod 2, the bulldozing pedal 21 can drive the drill rod 2 to move downward to push the soil sample out of the lower end of the drill cylinder body 1, the elastic pulling piece 4 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the upper part of the drill rod 2 and is used to elastically pull the drill rod 2 downward, and the holding frame 3 is provided with a guide rod 6 extending in the up-down direction and slidingly matched with the bulldozing pedal 21.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the soil sample collector provided in the embodiment has the following advantages: after the drill cylinder body 1 is inserted into the soil layer by the operation personnel pressing the holding frame 3, the soil sample enters the drill cylinder body 1, and after the drill cylinder body 1 is pulled out of the soil layer, the drill rod 2 is driven to move downward by the soil pushing pedal 21, and then the soil sample is discharged from the lower end of the drill cylinder body 1. The guide rod 6 can guide the soil pushing pedal 21, and the axial movement of the drill rod 2 is smooth. The above structure is simple and convenient to operate, has good safety, the elastic pulling piece 4 can pull the soil pushing pedal downward, and the operation personnel can push out the soil sample by the pedaling action, so that the difficulty of pushing out the soil sample is reduced, and the soil sampling efficiency is improved.

[0031] In the embodiment, the elastic pulling piece 4 has a downward pulling action on the drill rod 2, which can assist the operation personnel in pushing out the soil sample. When soil sampling is not performed, the elastic pulling piece 4 also has a pulling action on the drill rod 2, so that the drill rod 2 is located at the lower part of the drill cylinder body 1, interference caused by gas in the drill cylinder body 1 is avoided, and the integrity of the subsequent soil sample is ensured. In the soil sampling process, although the elastic pulling piece 4 has a certain hindering effect on the insertion of the drill cylinder body 1 into the soil layer, the soil sampling depth is small (about 20 cm), and the insertion of the drill cylinder body 1 can be assisted by the weight of the operation personnel, so that the soil sampling is not affected. However, the elastic pulling piece 4 can actively assist the pushing out of the soil sample, the soil sampling time can be shortened as a whole, and the soil sampling efficiency is improved.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the holding frame 3 has a through cavity 31 penetrating front to back, the upper end of the guide rod 6 is connected to the top wall of the through cavity 31, the lower end of the guide rod 6 is connected to the bottom wall of the through cavity 31, the guide rod 6 penetrates the plate surface of the soil pushing pedal 21, and the upper end of the elastic pulling piece 4 is connected to the bottom wall of the soil pushing pedal 21 and the lower end is connected to the bottom wall of the through cavity 31.

[0033] In the embodiment, in order to facilitate the arrangement of the guide rod 6 on the holding frame 3, the holding frame 3 is provided with a through cavity 31 penetrating front to back, and the guide rod 6 penetrates the soil pushing pedal 21 in the up-down direction, that is, in the axial direction of the drill rod 2, so as to guide the soil pushing pedal 21 and prevent the drill rod 2 and the drill cylinder body 1 from being stuck when the direction of the pedaling force of the operation personnel deviates, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the up-down movement of the drill rod 2 and reducing the difficulty of pushing out the soil sample.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the guide rod 6 is arranged in the through cavity 31, and two guide rods 6 are arranged in parallel and symmetrically on both sides of the elastic pulling piece 4.

[0035] In the embodiment, the guide rods 6 are provided with two, which can guide and limit the moving direction of the bulldozing pedal 21, the guide rods 6 are arranged along the width direction of the holding frame 3 and are parallel to each other, and guide the two sides of the bulldozing pedal 21 respectively, so as to ensure the stability of the moving direction of the bulldozing pedal 21 and avoid the jamming between the drill rod 2 and the drill barrel body 1 during the moving process.

[0036] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 to 6 , the telescopic driving member 7 is connected to the inner top wall of the through cavity 31 and extends downward, and the telescopic driving member 7 is used to push the bulldozing pedal 21 to make the bulldozing pedal 21 and the drill rod 2 move downward synchronously.

[0037] In the embodiment, the telescopic driving member 7 arranged in the through cavity 31 can push the bulldozing pedal 21 downward, so that the bulldozing pedal 21 drives the drill rod 2 to move downward to form a pushing action on the soil sample, which saves the tedious operation of the operator stepping on the bulldozing pedal 21 and reduces the labor intensity of the operator.

[0038] It should be noted that the telescopic driving member 7 is not connected to the bulldozing pedal 21, and the two can be in contact or separated. When it is needed to be taken out, the telescopic driving member 7 is in the retracted state, and the lower end of the telescopic driving member 7 will not affect the upward movement of the drill rod 2, so as to ensure the smooth taking of the soil.

[0039] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 to 6 , the through cavity 31 is further provided with two elastic limiting pads 8 which are located outside the guide rods 6 one by one on the cavity bottom wall, and the elastic limiting pads 8 can abut against the bottom wall of the bulldozing pedal 21 to limit the sliding amplitude of the bulldozing pedal 21.

[0040] In the embodiment, the elastic limiting pads 8 arranged on the cavity bottom wall of the through cavity 31 can limit the downward moving amplitude of the bulldozing pedal 21. When the bulldozing pedal 21 moves downward to contact the elastic limiting pad 8, the drill rod 2 can push the soil sample out of the drill barrel body 1 completely, so as to ensure the complete pushing of the soil sample. The elastic limiting pad 8 is made of flexible materials such as rubber and silica gel, which can avoid the structural wear caused by the rigid collision between the bulldozing pedal 21 and the cavity bottom wall of the through cavity 31, and is helpful to prolong the service life of the structure.

[0041] In a possible implementation, referring to Figures 1 to 6 , the cavity bottom wall of the through cavity 31 is provided with a mounting limiting cavity 32 which is open upward, and the lower end of the elastic pulling member 4 is connected to the cavity bottom wall of the mounting limiting cavity 32, and the elastic pulling member 4 can be folded in the mounting limiting cavity 32 when the drill rod 2 moves downward.

[0042] In this embodiment, the installation and limiting cavity 32 in the bottom wall of the through cavity 31 is used to install and limit the position of the elastic puller 4. When the bulldozer pedal 21 and drill rod 2 are pulled downward to the lower limit position by the downward force of the elastic puller 4, the elastic puller 4 can be retracted within the installation and limiting cavity 32, avoiding structural interference with the gripping frame 3 and thus reducing the overall size of the structure. When the bulldozer pedal 21 is stepped on to push the soil sample out, the elastic puller 4 pulls down on the bulldozer pedal 21 and drill rod 2, helping to reduce the operator's pedaling force and making it easier to push the soil sample out.

[0043] In one possible implementation, see Figures 1 to 6 The top of the gripping frame 3 has a horizontally extending crossbar 33, on which two gripping sleeves 34 are sleeved. The two gripping sleeves 34 are symmetrically located on either side of the drill rod 2. To facilitate the operator's grip, a crossbar 33 is provided on the top of the gripping frame 3. The upper end of the guide rod 6 is connected to the bottom of the crossbar 33. The operator can grip the crossbar 33 on both sides of the guide rod 6.

[0044] Specifically, the cross bar 33 can adopt different cross-sectional shapes such as circular, trapezoidal, rectangular and triangular. The gripping sleeve 34 is arranged on the outer periphery of the cross bar 33. The cross section of the gripping sleeve 34 is circular and is made of flexible material. The above structure is convenient for human hand to grasp and improves the comfort of operation.

[0045] For some examples, see Figures 1 to 6 The pedal 5 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the drill barrel body 1 and is used to drive the drill barrel body 1 to drill into the soil layer under the action of the operator's stepping. An anti-slip layer 9 is respectively provided on the outer peripheral wall of the gripping sleeve 34 and the top surface of the bulldozer pedal 21. The anti-slip layer 9 has a plurality of anti-slip protrusions 91 arranged in an array.

[0046] In this embodiment, a pedal 5 is provided on the lower periphery of the drill body 1. The pedal surface is arranged perpendicular to the main axis of the drill body 1. When the drill body 1 is inserted into the soil layer, the operator can press down the grip frame 3 with his hand and step on the pedal 5 with his foot to apply downward force to the drill body 1 and effectively collect soil samples.

[0047] On this basis, an anti-slip layer 9 is provided on the top surface of the pedal plate 5. Anti-slip protrusions 91 on this layer increase friction with the operator's shoe soles, preventing slipping between the operator's shoe soles and the pedal plate 5. Simultaneously, an anti-slip layer 9 is also provided on the outer periphery of the grip sleeve 34. These anti-slip protrusions 91 on this layer increase friction with the operator's palms, improving operational efficiency and preventing slippage that could harm the operator. Specifically, the anti-slip protrusions 91 can be circular, rectangular, or other shaped boss structures, all of which effectively prevent slipping.

[0048] In one possible implementation, see Figures 1 to 6 The drill barrel body 1 is provided with a downward-opening soil sampling cavity 11. A bulldozer plate 22 is provided at the lower end of the drill rod 2, which slides into the sampling cavity 11. The outer diameter of the bulldozer plate 22 is larger than that of the drill rod 2. A through hole is provided in the upper region of the drill barrel body 1 for the drill rod 2 to pass through. The sampling cavity 11 is connected to the lower portion of the through hole. The inner diameter of the sampling cavity 11 matches the outer diameter of the desired soil sample. The bulldozer plate 22 at the lower end of the drill rod 2 slides into the sampling cavity 11, directly contacting the top surface of the soil sample. Under the action of the drill rod 2, the bulldozer plate 2 exerts a downward thrust on the soil sample, effectively pushing it out.

[0049] For some examples, see Figures 1 to 6 The lower end of the drill barrel body 1 has a downwardly extending tapered portion 12. The soil extraction cavity 11 extends downwardly through the tapered portion 12. The diameter of the tapered portion 12 gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the wall thickness of the tapered portion 12 gradually decreases from top to bottom. The tapered portion 12 can be formed into a pointed end for easy insertion into the soil layer, which can reduce the difficulty of inserting the drill barrel body 1 into the soil layer. The wall thickness of the lower end of the tapered portion 12 is less than that of the upper end, which facilitates the cutting effect on the soil layer and has a good labor-saving effect.

[0050] When the above-mentioned soil sample collector is in use, the operator presses down the holding frame 3 to insert the drill barrel body 1 downward into the soil layer, and the soil sample enters the drill barrel body 1. After the drill barrel body 1 is pulled out from the soil layer, the drill rod 2 is driven downward by stepping on the pusher pedal 21, and the soil sample is discharged from the lower end of the drill barrel body 1. The guide rod 6 can guide the pusher pedal 21 to ensure the smooth axial movement of the drill rod 2. The above-mentioned structure is simple and convenient to operate and has good safety. The elastic pulling member 4 can pull down the pedal push plate, which can assist the operator's stepping action to push out the soil sample, thereby reducing the difficulty of pushing out the soil sample and helping to improve the soil collection efficiency.

[0051] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil sample collector, characterized in that: The invention comprises a drill barrel body (1), a drill rod (2), a holding frame (3), an elastic pulling member (4) and a bulldozer pedal (21), wherein the holding frame (3) is connected to the upper part of the drill barrel body (1), the drill rod (2) is slidably connected to the inside of the drill barrel body (1) and extends upward, the bulldozer pedal (21) is connected to the upper end of the drill rod (2), the bulldozer pedal (21) can drive the drill rod (2) to move downward to push the soil sample out from the lower end of the drill barrel body (1), the elastic pulling member (4) is sleeved on the upper outer periphery of the drill rod (2) and is used to elastically pull the drill rod (2) downward, and the holding frame (3) is provided with a guide rod (6) extending in the up-down direction and slidingly cooperating with the bulldozer pedal (21).

2. The soil sample collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The holding frame (3) has a through cavity (31) that passes through from front to back, the upper end of the guide rod (6) is connected to the top wall of the through cavity (31), the lower end of the guide rod (6) is connected to the bottom wall of the through cavity (31), the guide rod (6) is arranged to pass through the plate surface of the bulldozer pedal (21), the upper end of the elastic pulling member (4) is connected to the bottom wall of the bulldozer pedal (21), and the lower end is connected to the bottom wall of the through cavity (31).

3. The soil sample collector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide rod (6) is arranged in the through cavity (31), and two guide rods (6) are provided in parallel. The two guide rods (6) are symmetrically located on both sides of the elastic pulling member (4).

4. The soil sample collector according to claim 3, characterized in that: A telescopic driving member (7) is connected to the inner top wall of the through cavity (31), and the telescopic driving member (7) is extended downward. The telescopic driving member (7) is used to push the bulldozer pedal (21) so that the bulldozer pedal (21) and the drill rod (2) move downward synchronously.

5. The soil sample collector according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two elastic limiting pads (8) are also provided on the bottom wall of the through cavity (31), which are located on the outside of the guide rod (6) in a one-to-one correspondence. The elastic limiting pads (8) can abut against the bottom wall of the bulldozer pedal (21) to limit the sliding range of the bulldozer pedal (21).

6. The soil sample collector according to claim 2, characterized in that: An upwardly opening mounting limit cavity (32) is provided on the bottom wall of the through cavity (31), and the lower end of the elastic pulling member (4) is connected to the bottom wall of the mounting limit cavity (32). The elastic pulling member (4) can be retracted into the mounting limit cavity (32) when the drill rod (2) moves downward.

7. The soil sample collector according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The top of the holding frame (3) is provided with a horizontally extending crossbar (33), and two holding sleeves (34) are sleeved on the crossbar (33). The two holding sleeves (34) are symmetrically located on both sides of the drill rod (2).

8. The soil sample collector according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower outer periphery of the drill tube body (1) is provided with a pedal (5), and the outer peripheral wall of the grip sleeve (34) and the top surface of the pedal (5) are respectively provided with an anti-slip layer (9), and the anti-slip layer (9) has a plurality of anti-slip protrusions (91) arranged in an array.

9. The soil sample collector according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A soil mining cavity (11) opening downward is provided in the drill barrel body (1), and a bulldozer (22) slidably connected to the soil mining cavity (11) is provided at the lower end of the drill rod (2), wherein the outer diameter of the bulldozer (22) is larger than the outer diameter of the drill rod (2).

10. The soil sample collector according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lower end of the drill tube body (1) has a tapered cylindrical portion (12) extending downward, and the soil mining cavity (11) is arranged to pass through the tapered cylindrical portion (12) downward. The diameter of the tapered cylindrical portion (12) gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the wall thickness of the tapered cylindrical portion (12) gradually decreases from top to bottom.

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