PCB (printed circuit board) card for IO (input / output) port expansion

Abstract

The utility model discloses a PCB board card for IO port expansion. The PCB board card comprises a master control module, an expansion interface module, an isolation and filtering module, a power management module, a board card monitoring module and an indication module. The expansion interface module is connected with the main control module through the isolation and filtering module, and the isolation and filtering module, the power management module, the board card monitoring module and the indication module are respectively connected with the main control module. According to the technical scheme provided by the utility model, the stability and the reliability of the system are improved, and the equipment failure rate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of equipment, in particular to a PCB board card for IO port expansion. Background Art

[0002] In modern electronic devices, the number and performance of I / O interfaces play a crucial role in expanding device functionality and improving performance. With the continuous advancement of electronic technology, the demand for I / O ports is increasing in various devices, such as computers, industrial control equipment, and communications equipment. Traditional PCB board designs have limitations in the number and layout of I / O ports, making it difficult to meet the increasingly complex system requirements.

[0003] Currently, common I / O port expansion methods include using dedicated I / O expansion chips, connecting external expansion modules via serial communication interfaces (such as SPI and I2C), and employing complex multi-layer PCB layouts to increase the number of I / O ports. These methods meet the needs of I / O port expansion to a certain extent, but they still have some shortcomings. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a PCB board for IO port expansion, including a main control module, an expansion interface module, an isolation and filtering module, a power management module, a board monitoring module and an indication module;

[0005] The expansion interface module is connected to the main control module via the isolation and filtering module. The isolation and filtering module, the power management module, the board monitoring module and the indication module are respectively connected to the main control module.

[0006] Preferably, the expansion interface module includes an input expansion interface module and an output expansion interface module; the input expansion interface module and the output expansion interface module are respectively connected to the isolation and filtering module.

[0007] Preferably, the isolation and filtering module includes a signal filtering module and a signal isolation module; the signal filtering module is connected to the main control module through the signal isolation module; the input expansion interface module and the output expansion interface module are respectively connected to the filtering module.

[0008] Preferably, the board monitoring module includes a temperature monitoring module and a humidity monitoring module; the temperature monitoring module and the humidity monitoring module are respectively connected to the main control module.

[0009] Preferably, the temperature monitoring module includes multiple temperature sensors and an analog-to-digital converter 1; the multiple temperature sensors are respectively connected to the analog-to-digital converter 1, and the analog-to-digital converter 1 is connected to the main control module.

[0010] Preferably, the humidity monitoring module includes a plurality of humidity sensors and a second analog-to-digital converter; the plurality of humidity sensors are respectively connected to the second analog-to-digital converter; and the second analog-to-digital converter is connected to the main control module.

[0011] Preferably, the indication module includes a power indicator light, a temperature indicator light, and a light controller; the power indicator light and the temperature indicator light are respectively connected to the light controller, and the light controller is connected to the main control module.

[0012] Preferably, the power management module includes a power interface, a protection module, and a power management chip; the power interface is connected to the protection module, and the protection module is connected to the power management chip; and the power management chip is connected to the main control module.

[0013] Preferably, the model adopted by the main control module is STM32F407VGT6.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model include significantly improving the expansion capability of I / O ports, meeting the needs of various complex electronic devices. It also effectively reduces signal interference, improves system stability and reliability, and reduces equipment failure rates. Costs are reduced by optimizing the design and adopting an efficient expansion solution, eliminating unnecessary hardware overhead. The scalability of the PCB board is improved, facilitating subsequent functional upgrades and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of a PCB board for IO port expansion;

[0016] Figure 2 This is the schematic diagram of the main control chip circuit;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the input I / O expansion circuit;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the output I / O expansion circuit;

[0019] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the communication link;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the power management module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.

[0022] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, a PCB board for IO port expansion includes a main control module, an expansion interface module, an isolation and filtering module, a power management module, a board monitoring module and an indication module;

[0024] The expansion interface module is connected to the main control module via the isolation and filtering module. The isolation and filtering module, the power management module, the board monitoring module and the indication module are respectively connected to the main control module.

[0025] The expansion interface module includes an input expansion interface module and an output expansion interface module; the input expansion interface module and the output expansion interface module are respectively connected to the isolation and filtering module.

[0026] The isolation and filtering module includes a signal filtering module and a signal isolation module; the signal filtering module is connected to the main control module through the signal isolation module; the input expansion interface module and the output expansion interface module are respectively connected to the filtering module.

[0027] The board monitoring module includes a temperature monitoring module and a humidity monitoring module; the temperature monitoring module and the humidity monitoring module are respectively connected to the main control module.

[0028] The temperature monitoring module includes multiple temperature sensors and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The multiple temperature sensors are respectively connected to the ADC, and the ADC is connected to the main control module.

[0029] The humidity monitoring module includes a plurality of humidity sensors and a second analog-to-digital converter; the plurality of humidity sensors are respectively connected to the second analog-to-digital converter; the second analog-to-digital converter is connected to the main control module.

[0030] The indication module includes a power indicator light, a temperature indicator light, and a light controller; the power indicator light and the temperature indicator light are respectively connected to the light controller, and the light controller is connected to the main control module.

[0031] The power management module includes a power interface, a protection module, and a power management chip; the power interface is connected to the protection module, and the protection module is connected to the power management chip; the power management chip is connected to the main control module.

[0032] The model adopted by the main control module is STM32F407VGT6.

[0033] Specifically, this solution proposes a PCB board for I / O port expansion, which includes the following main parts: Main control chip: STM32F407VGT6 is used to manage and coordinate the expansion of I / O ports and data transmission. Figure 2 As shown;

[0034] Expansion interface circuit: using advanced interface technology, such as high-speed serial interface, can connect multiple expansion chips to achieve the expansion of a large number of I / O ports. Figure 3 The input I / O expansion circuit shown and Figure 4 Output I / O expansion circuit.

[0035] Adding isolation and filtering circuits to the signal communication link: effectively reducing signal interference and improving signal quality and stability. Figure 5 The communication link diagram shown;

[0036] like Figure 6 The power management module shown provides stable power supply for the expanded I / O ports.

[0037] Detailed structural description

[0038] The main control module is STM32F407VGT6. STM32F407VGT6 is a high-performance microcontroller based on the ARM Cortex-M4 architecture, with powerful processing capabilities and rich peripheral resources, suitable as the core control unit of the IO port expansion board.

[0039] The expansion interface module is divided into input expansion interface module and output expansion interface module, which are used to increase the number of input and output IO ports respectively.

[0040] Input expansion interface module: It uses the SN74LVC1G17DBVR model from TEXAS INSTRUMENTS, which is a high-speed CMOS logic single-channel 16-bit input multiplexer that can integrate multiple input signals and transmit them to the main control module.

[0041] Output expansion interface module: It uses NXP's 74HC595D, an 8-bit serial input / parallel output shift register that can efficiently expand the number of output ports.

[0042] The isolation and filtering module includes a signal filtering module and a signal isolation module, which are used to improve signal quality and system stability.

[0043] Signal filtering module: It uses the ADA4896-2ARMZ from ANALOG DEVICES, a high-precision, low-noise operational amplifier, to filter the input signal and remove high-frequency noise and interference.

[0044] Signal Isolation Module: The ISO7221CDR is a high-speed, four-channel digital isolator that effectively isolates input and output signals to prevent electrical interference and damage.

[0045] The power management module is responsible for providing stable and reliable power supply for the entire board.

[0046] Power interface: supports wide voltage range input (such as 5V-24V) to adapt to different power supply environments.

[0047] Protection module: The model used is TPS25957DRCR, which is a power protection chip with overcurrent, overvoltage and short circuit protection, which can ensure the safety of the power supply system.

[0048] Power management chip: The model used is LM2596S-ADJ, which is a switching regulator with adjustable output voltage, which can provide stable power supply voltage for each module on the board.

[0049] The board monitoring module includes a temperature monitoring module and a humidity monitoring module, which are used to monitor the working environment of the board in real time.

[0050] Temperature sensor: The model used is DS18B20, which is a digital temperature sensor with high precision and wide measurement range.

[0051] Analog-to-digital converter (ADC): integrated inside the STM32F407VGT6 microcontroller, responsible for converting the analog signal of the temperature sensor into a digital signal.

[0052] Humidity sensor: The model used is DHT11, which is a digital humidity sensor that can measure temperature and humidity at the same time.

[0053] Analog-to-digital converter 2 (ADC): Also integrated in the STM32F407VGT6 microcontroller, it is responsible for converting the analog signal of the humidity sensor into a digital signal.

[0054] The indicator module is used to intuitively display the working status of the board.

[0055] Power indicator light: uses ordinary LED light to indicate whether the power is connected normally.

[0056] Temperature indicator light: uses multi-color LED lights (such as red, yellow, and green) to indicate the temperature status of the board (low temperature, normal, and high temperature).

[0057] Lighting controller: The model used is PCA9685, which is a 16-channel LED driver chip that can communicate with the main control module through the I2C interface to control the on and off and color of each indicator light.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] In an industrial automation system, the number of I / O ports on the master control device needs to be expanded to connect more sensors and actuators. At the same time, due to the harsh operating environment, the system must have high stability and reliability.

[0060] The above-mentioned PCB board for IO port expansion is used, and the specific configuration is as follows:

[0061] Main control module: The STM32F407VGT6 microcontroller serves as the core control unit, responsible for processing input signals, controlling output signals, and communicating with other modules.

[0062] Expansion interface module:

[0063] The input expansion interface module uses the SN74LVC1G17DBVR chip, which expands 16 input ports for connecting various sensors.

[0064] The output expansion interface module uses the 74HC595D chip and expands 8 output ports for controlling actuators (such as relays, solenoid valves, etc.).

[0065] Isolation and filtering module:

[0066] The signal filtering module uses the ADA4896-2ARMZ operational amplifier to filter the input signal and remove high-frequency noise and interference.

[0067] The signal isolation module uses ISO7221CDR digital isolator to isolate input and output signals, improving the stability and safety of the system.

[0068] Power management module:

[0069] The power interface supports a wide voltage range of 5V-24V input to adapt to different power supply environments.

[0070] The protection module uses the TPS25957DRCR chip to provide overcurrent, overvoltage and short circuit protection.

[0071] The power management chip uses the LM2596S-ADJ switching regulator to provide a stable 5V power supply voltage for each module on the board.

[0072] Board monitoring module:

[0073] The temperature monitoring module uses a DS18B20 digital temperature sensor to monitor the temperature status of the board in real time.

[0074] The humidity monitoring module uses the DHT11 digital humidity sensor to monitor temperature and humidity simultaneously.

[0075] Indicator module:

[0076] The power indicator light uses a normal LED light to indicate whether the power is connected normally.

[0077] The temperature indicator light uses red, yellow and green LED lights to indicate the temperature status of the board.

[0078] The lighting controller uses the PCA9685 chip and communicates with the main control module through the I2C interface to control the on and off and color of each indicator light.

[0079] Implementation Results: This PCB successfully expanded the number of IO ports on the main control device, improving system stability and reliability. Furthermore, through real-time monitoring of the board's operating environment and intuitive display of status indicators, it facilitated system maintenance and debugging.

[0080] Example 2

[0081] In a smart home system, the number of I / O ports on the master device needs to be expanded to connect more smart devices (such as smart bulbs and smart sockets). At the same time, the system must have low power consumption and be easy to expand and integrate.

[0082] Solution: Use the aforementioned PCB board for IO port expansion and perform the following optimizations:

[0083] Main control module: The STM32F407VGT6 microcontroller serves as the core control unit, with a low-power mode design to reduce system power consumption. At the same time, the STM32F407VGT6's rich peripheral resources (such as USB, UART, SPI, etc.) facilitate connection and communication with other smart devices.

[0084] Expansion interface module:

[0085] The input expansion interface module uses the SN74LVC1G17DBVR chip, which expands 16 input ports for connecting input signals of various smart devices (such as buttons, sensors, etc.).

[0086] The output expansion interface module uses the 74HC595D chip and expands 8 output ports to control the switch status of smart devices (such as the on and off of smart bulbs, the on and off of smart sockets, etc.).

[0087] Isolation and filtering module:

[0088] The signal filtering module uses the ADA4896-2ARMZ operational amplifier to filter the input signal and improve the signal's anti-interference ability.

[0089] The signal isolation module uses ISO7221CDR digital isolator to isolate the signals between different smart devices and prevent mutual interference.

[0090] Power management module:

[0091] The power interface supports 5V power supply, which is suitable for the power supply environment of smart home systems.

[0092] The protection module uses the TPS25957DRCR chip to provide overcurrent and overvoltage protection to ensure the safety of the system.

[0093] The power management chip uses the LM2596S-ADJ switching regulator to provide a stable 3.3V power supply voltage for each module on the board, reducing system power consumption.

[0094] Board monitoring module:

[0095] The temperature monitoring module uses a DS18B20 digital temperature sensor to monitor the temperature status of the board in real time to prevent system failure caused by overheating.

[0096] The humidity monitoring module can be integrated or not according to actual needs to reduce costs.

[0097] Indicator module:

[0098] The power indicator light uses a low-power LED light to indicate whether the power is connected normally.

[0099] The temperature indicator light uses a two-color LED light (such as red and green) to indicate the temperature status of the board (normal, abnormal).

[0100] The lighting controller uses the PCA9685 chip and communicates with the main control module through the I2C interface to achieve flexible control of the indicator lights.

[0101] Implementation Results: This PCB successfully expanded the number of I / O ports on the master control device, meeting the smart home system's requirements for low power consumption, ease of expansion, and integration. Furthermore, through real-time temperature monitoring and intuitive status indicator displays, the system's reliability and usability were improved. In practical applications, this PCB was able to stably connect and control a variety of smart devices, providing strong support and assurance for the smart home system.

[0102] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. Instead, the present invention can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or techniques or knowledge in the relevant fields. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be protected by the claims appended hereto.

Claims

1. A PCB board for IO port expansion, characterized in that: It includes main control module, expansion interface module, isolation and filtering module, power management module, board monitoring module and indication module; The expansion interface module is connected to the main control module through the isolation and filtering module, and the isolation and filtering module, power management module, board monitoring module and indication module are respectively connected to the main control module; The expansion interface module includes an input expansion interface module and an output expansion interface module; the input expansion interface module and the output expansion interface module are respectively connected to the isolation and filtering module; The isolation and filtering module includes a signal filtering module and a signal isolation module; the signal filtering module is connected to the main control module through the signal isolation module; the input expansion interface module and the output expansion interface module are respectively connected to the filtering module.

2. A PCB board for IO port expansion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The board monitoring module includes a temperature monitoring module and a humidity monitoring module; the temperature monitoring module and the humidity monitoring module are respectively connected to the main control module.

3. A PCB board for IO port expansion according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature monitoring module includes multiple temperature sensors and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The multiple temperature sensors are respectively connected to the ADC, and the ADC is connected to the main control module.

4. A PCB board for IO port expansion according to claim 2, characterized in that: The humidity monitoring module includes a plurality of humidity sensors and a second analog-to-digital converter; the plurality of humidity sensors are respectively connected to the second analog-to-digital converter; the second analog-to-digital converter is connected to the main control module.

5. The PCB board for IO port expansion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The indication module includes a power indicator light, a temperature indicator light, and a light controller; the power indicator light and the temperature indicator light are respectively connected to the light controller, and the light controller is connected to the main control module.

6. A PCB board for IO port expansion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power management module includes a power interface, a protection module, and a power management chip; the power interface is connected to the protection module, and the protection module is connected to the power management chip; the power management chip is connected to the main control module.

7. A PCB board for IO port expansion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model adopted by the main control module is STM32F407VGT6.

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