Antenna and feed network integrated antenna main body and GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) antenna

Abstract

The utility model discloses an antenna and feed network integrated antenna main body and a GNSS antenna. The antenna main body comprises a substrate, a zero ohm resistor, a power division phase shift upper layer circuit arranged on the top side of the substrate, and a power division phase shift lower layer circuit arranged on the bottom side of the substrate. The power division phase shift upper layer circuit and the power division phase shift lower layer circuit are orthogonally intersected, and the orthogonal part of the power division phase shift upper layer circuit and the power division phase shift lower layer circuit is bridged through the zero ohmic resistor. According to the utility model, the power-dividing phase-shifting upper layer circuit and the power-dividing phase-shifting lower layer circuit are etched on the substrate, so that the antenna main body and the feed network are structurally integrated, and the overall performance and reliability of the antenna are improved; the design that the antenna main body and the feed network are separated and the feed network is arranged on the reflector PCB in the traditional scheme is changed, and more layout space can be reserved for other function designs while the scheme cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular to an antenna body integrating an antenna and a feeding network, and a GNSS antenna. Background Art

[0002] Circularly polarized antennas are commonly used in satellite communications due to their strong anti-interference capabilities and low polarization mismatch losses. As satellite navigation systems become more popular in more industries and scenarios, the requirements for antenna performance, integration, and cost are becoming increasingly stringent. In traditional antenna designs, the antenna body and the feed network are usually designed and manufactured as two independent components, and then connected together in some way. This design method not only increases manufacturing costs and complexity, but may also lead to signal loss and performance degradation due to poor connections. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a highly integrated satellite navigation antenna with an integrated antenna and feed network design to improve the overall performance and reliability of the antenna and meet market demand. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an antenna body and a GNSS antenna that integrates an antenna and a feed network to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0004] The first aspect of the present invention provides an antenna body integrating an antenna and a feeding network, comprising a substrate, a zero-ohm resistor, a power-dividing phase-shifting upper-layer circuit arranged on the top side of the substrate, and a power-dividing phase-shifting lower-layer circuit arranged on the bottom side of the substrate; the power-dividing phase-shifting upper-layer circuit and the power-dividing phase-shifting lower-layer circuit are orthogonal to each other, and the orthogonal point between the power-dividing phase-shifting upper-layer circuit and the power-dividing phase-shifting lower-layer circuit is bridged by the zero-ohm resistor.

[0005] Furthermore, the power division phase shift upper layer circuit and the power division phase shift lower layer circuit are both composed of a power division circuit and a 180° phase shift segment; the connection between the power division circuit and the 180° phase shift segment is connected to the zero-ohm resistor.

[0006] Furthermore, the power division and phase shift upper layer circuit and the power division and phase shift lower layer circuit are both in the form of stripline circuits.

[0007] Furthermore, a low-frequency radiating element is provided on the top side of the substrate, and the low-frequency radiating element is connected to the power division and phase shifting upper circuit; a high-frequency radiating element is provided on the bottom side of the substrate, and the high-frequency radiating element is connected to the power division and phase shifting lower circuit.

[0008] In a second aspect of the present invention, a GNSS antenna integrating an antenna and a feed network comprises a reflector, a balun structure, a choke metal column and an antenna body as described above; the antenna body is arranged above the reflector, the balun structure and the choke metal column are connected between the antenna body and the reflector, and the balun structure is connected to the power divider phase shift upper layer circuit and the power divider phase shift lower layer circuit.

[0009] Furthermore, the balun structure includes a base, an inner conductor and an outer conductor, the inner conductor and the outer conductor are arranged on the base, the inner conductor is connected to the power divider and phase shift upper circuit, and the outer conductor is connected to the power divider and phase shift lower circuit.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention etches the power divider and phase shift upper circuit and the power divider and phase shift lower circuit on the substrate. This design enables the antenna body and the feeding network to be structurally integrated, thereby improving the overall performance and reliability of the antenna; it changes the design of the traditional solution in which the antenna body and the feeding network are separated and the feeding network is arranged on the reflector PCB, while reducing the solution cost and leaving more layout space for other functional designs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the power division and phase shifting upper layer circuit of the utility model.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the power division and phase shifting lower layer circuit of the utility model.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a top view of the GNSS antenna of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the GNSS antenna of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 5 It is a side view of the GNSS antenna of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 6 It is a side view of the balun structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 7 This is another side view of the balun structure of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but are merely shown in a schematic manner to illustrate the embodiments of the present application without affecting the understanding of the reader. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "transverse", "longitudinal" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0022] In addition, in addition to being used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship, the above-mentioned terms can also be used to indicate other meanings, for example, the term "upper" can also be used to indicate a certain dependent relationship or connection relationship in some cases. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of these terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] In addition, the terms "mounting", "setting", "provided with", "connection", "connected" should be broadly understood. For example, it can be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally constructed; it can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two devices, elements or components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above-mentioned terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are mainly used to distinguish different devices, elements or components (the specific types and structures can be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance and quantity of the indicated devices, elements or components. Unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more.

[0025] It should also be understood that the terms used in this specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0026] It should be further understood that the term “and / or” used in the present specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an antenna body integrating an antenna and a feeding network includes a high-frequency substrate 1, a zero-ohm resistor 2, a power-dividing phase-shifting upper circuit 3 arranged on the top side of the high-frequency substrate 1, and a power-dividing phase-shifting lower circuit 4 arranged on the bottom side of the high-frequency substrate 1; the power-dividing phase-shifting upper circuit 3 and the power-dividing phase-shifting lower circuit 4 are orthogonal to each other, and the orthogonal point between the power-dividing phase-shifting upper circuit 3 and the power-dividing phase-shifting lower circuit 4 is bridged by the zero-ohm resistor 2.

[0028] As an example, the antenna body of this embodiment includes a high-frequency substrate 1. The material of the high-frequency substrate 1 is not specifically limited and can be made of an integrated plastic material, etc. The top side of the high-frequency substrate 1 is etched with a power-divider phase-shifting upper circuit 3 in the form of a stripline, and the bottom side of the high-frequency substrate 1 is etched with a power-divider phase-shifting lower circuit 4 in the form of a stripline. This design allows the antenna body and the feed network to be structurally integrated, thereby improving the overall performance and reliability of the antenna. This design changes the traditional design in which the antenna body and feed network are separated and the feed network is arranged on a reflector PCB, reducing the solution cost while leaving more layout space for other functional designs. The power-divider phase-shifting upper circuit 3 and the power-divider phase-shifting lower circuit 4 are arranged in an orthogonal manner. At the intersection of the two circuits, either circuit is open circuited. At the same time, the intersection of the power-divider phase-shifting upper circuit 3 and the power-divider phase-shifting lower circuit 4 is bridged by a zero-ohm resistor 2 to prevent the two circuits from being directly connected and forming a short circuit.

[0029] In one embodiment, the power division phase shift upper layer circuit 3 and the power division phase shift lower layer circuit 4 are both composed of a power division circuit 31 and a 180° phase shift segment 32; the connection between the power division circuit 31 and the 180° phase shift segment 32 is connected to the zero ohm resistor 2.

[0030] As an example, see Figures 1 to 4The power division phase shift upper circuit 3 and the power division phase shift lower circuit 4 are both composed of a power division circuit 31 and a 180° phase shift segment 32, and the connection between the power division circuit 31 and the 180° phase shift segment 32 is connected to the zero-ohm resistor 2; it should be noted that the 180° phase shift segment 32 can be in the form of parallel wires in the vertical direction or in the form of parallel wires in the horizontal direction. The bending and routing methods of the strip line have high flexibility and should be regarded as variations and improvements without departing from the theory and spirit of the scheme. After the electrical signal is split into two by the power divider circuit 31, one path reaches the open-circuit end, and the other reaches the 180° phase-shift section 32. The 180° phase-shift section 32 utilizes the differential transmission characteristics of parallel dual conductors. The upper and lower layers of the transmission signal have equal amplitudes and a 180° phase difference, which has strong anti-interference capabilities. After the signals are exchanged between the upper and lower circuits through the plated through-holes, a 180° phase difference is formed. After the electrical signal passes through the 180° phase-shift section 32, an open circuit is formed at the terminal. The two orthogonal power divider phase-shift circuits form a total of four open-circuit ends. The electrical signals at the four open-circuit ends have equal amplitudes, and the phases are 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°, respectively. The technical solution of this embodiment integrates the power divider and phase shift circuit into the center of the antenna body, without affecting the radiation performance of the antenna itself. By utilizing the 180° phase difference and strong anti-interference characteristics of parallel stripline conductors, the power divider and phase shift circuit are integrated into the center of the antenna body, preventing interference between the feeding circuit and the antenna body. Furthermore, compared to designs where the feeding network is located on the reflector PCB, this embodiment reduces the number of bridges from three to one, achieving phase differences of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°. This reduces costs and minimizes circuit layout space.

[0031] In one embodiment, a low-frequency radiation element 5 is further provided on the top side of the high-frequency substrate 1, and the low-frequency radiation element 5 is connected to the power division and phase shifting upper circuit 3; a high-frequency radiation element 6 is further provided on the bottom side of the high-frequency substrate 1, and the high-frequency radiation element 6 is connected to the power division and phase shifting lower circuit 4.

[0032] As an example, see Figures 1 to 4 A low-frequency radiating element 5 is also provided on the top side of the high-frequency substrate 1, and the low-frequency radiating element 5 is connected to the power divider and phase shift upper circuit 3; a high-frequency radiating element 6 is also provided on the bottom side of the high-frequency substrate 1, and the high-frequency radiating element 6 is connected to the power divider and phase shift lower circuit 4; after the electrical signal passes through the orthogonal power divider and phase shift upper circuit 3 and the power divider and phase shift lower circuit 4, a total of 4 open ends are formed, and the electrical signal amplitudes of the 4 open ends are equal, and the phases are 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° respectively, which couple and feed the high-frequency radiating surface and the low-frequency radiating surface of the antenna, and are finally synthesized into a right-hand circularly polarized signal.

[0033] Based on the same inventive concept as the above-mentioned antenna body integrating the antenna and the feed network, this embodiment also provides a GNSS antenna integrating the antenna and the feed network, including a reflector 7, a balun structure 8, a choke metal column 9 and an antenna body as described above; the antenna body is arranged above the reflector 7, the balun structure 8 and the choke metal column 9 are connected between the antenna body and the reflector 7, and the balun structure 8 is connected to the power divider and phase shift upper circuit 3 and the power divider and phase shift lower circuit 4.

[0034] As an example, see Figures 1 to 5 The GNSS antenna of this embodiment includes a reflector 7, a balun structure 8, a choke metal column 9, and an antenna body as described above; the antenna body is arranged above the reflector 7, the balun structure 8 and the choke metal column 9 are connected between the antenna body and the reflector 7, and the balun structure 8 is connected to the power divider and phase shift upper circuit 3 and the power divider and phase shift lower circuit 4. The GNSS antenna of this embodiment has a 90° broadband bridge placed on the back of the reflector PCB, providing two electrical signals with equal amplitude and a phase difference of 90°. The two electrical signals are transmitted to the two power divider and phase shift circuits of the high-frequency substrate 1 through the balun structure 8. Here, the function of the balun structure 8 is to convert the unbalanced signal into a balanced signal.

[0035] In one embodiment, the balun structure 8 includes a base 81, an inner conductor 82 and an outer conductor 83. The inner conductor 82 and the outer conductor 83 are arranged on the base 81. The inner conductor 82 is connected to the power divider and phase shift upper circuit 3, and the outer conductor 83 is connected to the power divider and phase shift lower circuit 4.

[0036] As an example, see Figure 6 and Figure 7 The balun structure 8 adopts a microstrip line form and consists of a base 81, an inner conductor 82 and an outer conductor 83. The inner conductor 82 is arranged on one side of the base 81, and the inner conductor 82 is connected to the power division and phase shift circuit on the upper surface of the high-frequency substrate 1; the outer conductor 83 is on the other side of the base 81, and the outer conductor 83 is connected to the power division and phase shift circuit on the lower surface of the high-frequency substrate 1.

[0037] Regarding the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features therein can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can, without departing from the scope of the present invention, make some changes or modifications to the above disclosed technical contents into equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna body integrating an antenna and a feed network, characterized in that: The invention comprises a substrate (1), a zero-ohm resistor (2), a power-dividing phase-shifting upper layer circuit (3) arranged on the top side of the substrate (1), and a power-dividing phase-shifting lower layer circuit (4) arranged on the bottom side of the substrate (1); the power-dividing phase-shifting upper layer circuit (3) and the power-dividing phase-shifting lower layer circuit (4) are orthogonal, and the orthogonal point between the power-dividing phase-shifting upper layer circuit (3) and the power-dividing phase-shifting lower layer circuit (4) is bridged by the zero-ohm resistor (2).

2. The antenna body according to claim 1, wherein: The power division phase shift upper layer circuit (3) and the power division phase shift lower layer circuit (4) are both composed of a power division circuit (31) and a 180° phase shift segment (32) connected together; the connection between the power division circuit (31) and the 180° phase shift segment (32) is connected to the zero-ohm resistor (2).

3. The antenna body according to claim 2, wherein: The power division phase shift upper layer circuit (3) and the power division phase shift lower layer circuit (4) are both in the form of stripline circuits.

4. The antenna body according to claim 1, wherein: A low-frequency radiation element (5) is also provided on the top side of the substrate (1), and the low-frequency radiation element (5) is connected to the power division phase shift upper layer circuit (3); a high-frequency radiation element (6) is also provided on the bottom side of the substrate (1), and the high-frequency radiation element (6) is connected to the power division phase shift lower layer circuit (4).

5. A GNSS antenna with an integrated antenna and feed network, characterized in that: The invention comprises a reflector (7), a balun structure (8), a choke metal column (9) and an antenna body as described in any one of claims 1 to 4; the antenna body is arranged above the reflector (7), the balun structure (8) and the choke metal column (9) are connected between the antenna body and the reflector (7), and the balun structure (8) is connected to the power divider phase shift upper circuit (3) and the power divider phase shift lower circuit (4).

6. The GNSS antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that The balun structure (8) comprises a base (81), an inner conductor (82) and an outer conductor (83); the inner conductor (82) and the outer conductor (83) are arranged on the base (81); the inner conductor (82) is connected to the power division phase shift upper layer circuit (3); and the outer conductor (83) is connected to the power division phase shift lower layer circuit (4).

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