Ecological facility for creating fish habitat

Abstract

The utility model relates to an ecological facility for creating a fish habitat, which comprises a water inlet section, a landscape pool and a water outlet well, external water enters the landscape pool through the water inlet section, enters the water outlet well after being filtered in the landscape pool, and enters a next module through the water outlet well; the landscape pool comprises an outer pool wall structure and a pool body structure defined by the outer pool wall structure, the outer pool wall structure is attached to the water inlet section, a layered structure and a fish nest are arranged in the pool body structure, the layered structure is attached to the outer pool wall structure, and the fish nest is arranged on the side, away from the outer pool wall structure, of the layered structure; the layered structure comprises at least one boundary position, filter materials are arranged between the boundary position and the outer pool wall structure and between every two adjacent boundary positions, and the heights of every two adjacent filter materials are gradually decreased from outside to inside. Habitats suitable for activities of aquatic animals of different sizes are added, and an ecological balance environment capable of self-repairing is constructed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ecological water treatment, and in particular to an ecological facility for fish habitat construction. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the Jiangnan region, there are many natural water bodies, such as rivers, lakes, channels, ponds and the like, and different types and sizes of aquatic animals freely move in these natural water bodies; the natural water bodies long-term receive rainwater, channel inflow, and surface overflow, and after a long time, algae grow in the pond and emit a foul odor, which needs to be locally transformed or the water body needs to be treated; however, this type of naturally formed pond has not been artificially repaired, and the shape is irregular, and the water depth in the pond is also different; in the prior art, when the ecological transformation is performed on this type of water body, the ecological pond body with a regular shape and uniform depth is usually transformed, and for the land with a relatively high terrain, excavation is needed, and for the land with a relatively low terrain, soil filling is needed, and the material cost and engineering cost involved in this construction method are relatively large. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides an ecological facility for fish habitat construction to solve the above problems.

[0004] An ecological facility for fish habitat construction, characterized in that: it comprises a water inlet section, a landscape pool in communication with the water inlet section, and a water outlet well in communication with the landscape pool, external inflow enters the landscape pool through the water inlet section, and then enters the water outlet well after being filtered in the landscape pool, and then enters the next module through the water outlet well; the landscape pool comprises an outer pool wall structure and a pool body structure enclosed by the outer pool wall structure, the outer pool wall structure is arranged in close contact with the water inlet section, a layered structure and a fish nest are arranged in the pool body structure, the layered structure is arranged in close contact with the outer pool wall structure, the fish nest is arranged on the side of the layered structure away from the outer pool wall structure, and the layered structure comprises at least one boundary position, filter material is arranged between the boundary position and the outer pool wall structure and between two adjacent boundary positions, and the heights of two adjacent filter materials gradually decrease from the outside to the inside.

[0005] Further, a partition plate is arranged in the filter material, the partition plate is arranged along the height of the filter material, a gap is left between the bottom of the partition plate and the bottom of the filter material, and the top of the partition plate is higher than the water outlet side.

[0006] Further, a plurality of water inlet overflow openings are formed in the outer pool wall structure.

[0007] Further, the layered structure is provided with three levels of layered structures.

[0008] Further, the three levels of layered structures gradually decrease in height from the outside to the inside of the landscape pool.

[0009] Further, an aeration structure is arranged in the landscape pool, and the aeration structure is arranged at a position with the largest terrain difference in the landscape pool.

[0010] Further, a water outlet overflow is arranged on one side of the water outlet well close to the external river.

[0011] Further, a water outlet connecting pipe is arranged at the bottom of the landscape pool, and the water outlet connecting pipe connects the landscape pool and the water outlet well.

[0012] Further, a bridge grating for increasing aeration and a filter material structure for filtering incoming water are arranged on the water inlet section.

[0013] Further, the filter material structure is provided with three-stage filter material areas.

[0014] The ecological facility for fish habitat construction has the advantages that: the ecological facility for fish habitat construction can be developed according to different terrains of the same water body; the ecological facility can not only reserve the survival conditions and survival space of fish in the existing natural water body, but also increase the habitat suitable for different sizes of aquatic animals, and construct an ecological balance environment capable of self-repairing; according to the different depths of the terrain of the existing water body structure, the multi-layer wetlands are combined to avoid large-scale terrain excavation; the peripheral rainwater, ditch water and surface runoff are intercepted and ecologically treated on site, and the effluent water is supplied to the river; and the ecological landscaping can be performed according to different human landscape areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the water flow direction of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the water inlet end structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bridge grating of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the outer pool wall structure and the middle structure area of the pool body of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the water outlet well structure of the utility model;

[0022] In the figure: 1, water inlet channel; 2, bridge grid; 21, support beam; 22, bridge plate; 23, grid; 3, filter material structure; 31, large block filter material area; 32, gravel filter material area; 33, sand filter material area; 34, boundary position; 41, outer pool wall structure; 411, water inlet overflow port; 421, pool body middle structure area; 4211, first layered structure; 4212, second layered structure; 4213, third layered structure; 422, pool body internal structure area; 423, partition plate; 424, impermeable membrane; 5, water outlet well; 51, water outlet shell; 52, water outlet communication pipe; 53, water outlet overflow port; 54, well cover; 55, water outlet corridor; 6, fish nest; 7, fountain; →, water flow direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] An ecological facility for fish habitat construction, as shown in Figures 1-7 , can provide a natural activity site for fish, and through ecological reconstruction of naturally formed ponds, large-scale engineering excavation is avoided, and the ecological facility is suitable for any irregular water body.

[0024] The ecological facility comprises a water inlet section and a landscape pool connected with the water inlet section.

[0025] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the water inlet section can be provided as a water inlet channel 1 for uniformly collecting rainwater, ditch water, surface overflow and other incoming water into the landscape pool for ecological treatment, and a bridge grid 2 and a filter material structure 3 are sequentially arranged on the water inlet section according to the water flow direction.

[0026] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the bridge grating 2 is arranged on the water inlet channel 1 to allow water to flow in, and large particles in the water (stones, branches, leaves, and silt) are preliminarily intercepted. In the long-term use process, particles may adhere to the grating 23, causing the hole spacing of the grating 23 to become smaller, affecting the water inlet speed, and the bridge grating 2 needs to be cleaned regularly. The bridge grating 2 includes a bridge body spanning the water inlet channel 1, and a grating 23 arranged on the bridge body. The bridge body includes a support beam 21 and a bridge plate 22 arranged on the support beam 21. The support beam 21 can be arranged in two, and the two support beams 21 are arranged on the two sides of the water inlet channel 1, and the bridge plate 22 is arranged on the two support beams 21. The support beam 21 can also be arranged in four, and two support beams 21 are arranged on the two sides of the water inlet channel 1. There is a gap between the two support beams 21 on the same side. The support beam 21 can also be arranged in six, and two rows are arranged along the water flow direction, and three support beams 21 are arranged in each row. The three support beams 21 are evenly arranged along the width direction of the water inlet channel 1. The support beam 21 is arranged to ensure the stability of the bridge plate 22. In the present scheme, the support beam 21 is arranged in six. The bridge grating 2 can facilitate pedestrian walking.

[0027] The grating 23 spans the water inlet channel 1, and the two ends of each grating 23 are fixed with two adjacent support beams 21. The grating 23 is fixed with the support beam 21 to avoid being washed away by the water. The grating 23 intercepts all the water in the water inlet channel 1, preliminarily filters the water, filters out large particles such as weeds and branches, and increases the water impact and aeration effect. The grating 23 is arranged in at least one, and in the present scheme, the grating 23 is arranged in four.

[0028] After the water flows through the bridge grating 2, it flows to the filter material structure 3. As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the filter material structure 3 is arranged in three levels, including a large block filter material area 31, a gravel filter material area 32, and a sand filter material area 33 arranged along the water flow direction. The water entering the landscape pool is filtered step by step. A boundary 34 is arranged between the large block filter material area 31 and the gravel filter material area 32, and a boundary 34 is also arranged between the gravel filter material area 32 and the sand filter material area 33.

[0029] The large block filter material area 31 is provided with large blocks of stone, which are spaced apart and have gaps between them. The water flows from upstream to downstream after impacting the stone. The gravel filter material area 32 is provided with gravel of different particle sizes, which are smaller than the particle sizes of the stone in the large block filter material area 31, and can filter large particles. The sand filter material area 33 is provided with small particle sand, which has the smallest particle size and plays a role of preliminary biological filtration. In order to prevent the small particle sand from being washed away by the water flow during the filtration process, large particle stones are arranged at the end of the gravel filter material area away from the gravel filter material area 32, and the filtered water flows through the bottom of the large particle stones to the landscape pool. The filter material structure 3 is provided with three levels, and the particle sizes gradually decrease, which can provide habitats for aquatic animals of different growth periods and different sizes.

[0030] After the water passes through the sand filter material area 33, it enters the landscape pool. The landscape pool is a modified existing irregular pond body. The water is further filtered in the landscape pool and then supplied to the river.

[0031] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , because the landscape pool is generally a naturally formed pond and has an irregular shape, when the outer pool wall structure 41 is arranged, in order to reduce engineering modification and ensure aesthetics, the landscape pool is arranged as an irregular shape as a whole. In this embodiment, the shape of the landscape pool is like a ruyi pattern, which contains a plurality of convex positions. The landscape pool is divided into zones, including the outer pool wall structure 41 and the pool body structure enclosed by the outer pool wall structure 41. The pool body structure includes a pool body middle structure area 421 arranged closely with the outer pool wall structure 41 and a pool body inner structure area 422 arranged closely with the pool body middle structure area 421. The outer pool wall structure 41 is a pool wall arranged on the outer periphery of the landscape pool. The pool body middle structure area 421 is a layered structure. The pool body inner structure area 422 stores water after filtration and is used by aquatic plants and animals. A waterproof membrane 424 is arranged between the outer pool wall structure 41 and the pool body middle structure area 421 to separate the two areas. The waterproof membrane 424 is also arranged on the bottom of the landscape pool. A boundary position 34 is arranged on the outside of the layered structure to separate the pool body middle structure area 421 and the pool body inner structure area 422.

[0032] In order to ensure the collection of natural water bodies such as rainwater and surface overflow, water inflow overflow openings 411 are arranged on the outer pool wall structure 41. External water bodies enter the landscape pool through the water inflow overflow openings 411. Generally, the water in the landscape pool is lower than the outer pool wall structure 41 of the landscape pool, unless it is a rare case of heavy rain. However, in order to prevent the water in the landscape pool from flowing outwards from the water inflow overflow openings 411, the water inflow overflow openings 411 are arranged at a higher position of the outer pool wall structure 41. In order to ensure the collection and in-situ retention of surrounding natural water bodies, a plurality of water inflow overflow openings 411 are uniformly arranged on the outer pool wall structure 41.

[0033] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 and 6, the layered structure is arranged around the landscape pool, so that the incoming water is filtered by the layered structure whether it enters from the water inlet overflow 411 or the water inlet channel 1. In this embodiment, the layered structure of the landscape pool is arranged close to the convex position in the form of a ruyi pattern.

[0034] The layered structure is arranged according to the size and depth of the landscape pool, and at most three layers are arranged, and at least one layer is arranged. Each layer is arranged in the shape of a ruyi to ensure aesthetics.

[0035] When the depth of the landscape pool is sufficient, the layered structure includes a first layered structure 4211, a second layered structure 4212, and a third layered structure 4213. A boundary 34 is arranged between the first layered structure 4211 and the second layered structure 4212, a boundary 34 is arranged between the second layered structure 4212 and the third layered structure 4213, and a boundary 34 is arranged between the third layered structure 4213 and the second layered structure 4212. The boundary 34 arranged here separates the pool body middle structure area 421 and the pool body internal structure area 422. The boundary structures mentioned in this scheme are the same. The heights of the first layered structure 4211, the second layered structure 4212, and the third layered structure 4213 gradually decrease, and the height difference between the three layered structures can increase aeration and perform multiple filtering.

[0036] The three layered structures are non-uniformly arranged according to the original shape of the landscape pool.

[0037] The height of the first layered structure 4211 is arranged to be lower than the water inlet overflow 411, and the first layered structure 4211 is arranged as high-efficiency composite filter material. Plants such as cattails and reeds are planted on the first layered structure 4211.

[0038] The height of the second layered structure 4212 is arranged to be lower than the first layered structure 4211, and the second layered structure 4212 is arranged as high-efficiency composite filter material. Plants such as fragrant grass are planted on the second layered structure 4212.

[0039] The height of the third layered structure 4213 is arranged to be lower than the second layered structure 4212, and the third layered structure 4213 is arranged as high-efficiency composite filter material. Plants such as water onions are planted on the third layered structure 4213.

[0040] Since the heights of the first layered structure 4211 to the third layered structure 4213 gradually decrease, the more water they contact, the more suitable they are for planting water-resistant plants.

[0041] The filter material of the hierarchical structure is a high-efficiency composite filter material, and the ecological purification is mainly used; the filter material of the middle structure of the pool body is a single filter material, and the conservation is mainly used to reduce the cost.

[0042] If the size and depth of the landscape pool are small, only one hierarchical structure can be arranged.

[0043] The filter material is arranged between the pool wall and the boundary 34, and between the boundary 34 and the boundary 34. From the outside to the inside, the height of the filter material gradually decreases. A partition plate 423 is arranged in each filter material. The partition plate 423 is arranged along the height of the filter material. The partition plate 423 is made of a material that does not come into contact with water. The bottom of the partition plate 423 is spaced apart from the bottom of the filter material. The top of the partition plate 423 is higher than the water outlet side, so that the water from the water inlet channel 1 or the water inlet overflow port 411 enters the top of the filter material and flows out from the top of the filter material, ensuring that the water can be filtered and reoxygenated at the same time.

[0044] Further, the water enters the top of the water inlet side of the first hierarchical structure 4211, penetrates downward along the height direction of the filter material, penetrates upward from the bottom of the partition plate 423, and flows out from the top of the water outlet side of the first hierarchical structure 4211, completes the filtration and aeration, then enters the top of the water inlet side of the second hierarchical structure 4212, flows out from the top of the water outlet side of the second hierarchical structure 4212, then enters the top of the water inlet side of the third hierarchical structure 4213, flows out from the top of the water outlet side of the third hierarchical structure 4213 and enters the internal structure area 422 of the pool body. The water filtered by the hierarchical structure flows to the internal structure area 422 of the pool body. If the external water is more, the hierarchical filtration will flow to the river through the water outlet well 5.

[0045] The normal water level in the landscape pool is lower than the third hierarchical structure 4213, and the dashed line represents the water level in the landscape pool.

[0046] For example, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7As shown, the water outlet well 5 is arranged between the landscape pool and the external river, and is used to guide the excess water in the landscape pool to the external river. The structure of the water outlet well 5 is lower than the middle structural area of the landscape pool. The water outlet well 5 comprises a water outlet shell 51, and a water outlet communication pipe 52 and a water outlet overflow port 53 arranged on the water outlet shell 51. The water outlet communication pipe 52 and the water outlet overflow port 53 are arranged on both sides of the water outlet well 5. The water outlet communication pipe 52 communicates the water outlet well 5 and the landscape pool, and the water outlet overflow port 53 communicates the water outlet well 5 and the external river. A water storage groove is formed in the water outlet shell 51. The excess water in the landscape pool enters the water storage groove for temporary storage, and then overflows from the water outlet overflow port 53 to the external river. The water outlet shell 51 is directly arranged on the pool wall near the landscape pool, and is separately arranged away from the landscape pool, thereby saving materials. The water outlet communication pipe 52 is arranged on the bottom of the pool wall near the landscape pool, and the water in the landscape pool flows to the water outlet well 5 through the water outlet communication pipe 52. The water outlet overflow port 53 is arranged on the top of the side of the water outlet well 5 near the external river. When the water level in the water outlet well 5 is too high, the water flows out from the water outlet overflow port 53 to the external river.

[0047] Of course, if there is a long distance between the landscape pool and the external river, a water outlet corridor 55 can be arranged at the water outlet overflow port 53 to facilitate the water flow to the river.

[0048] In order to prevent the external sand, impurities and other particles from entering the water storage groove, a well cover 54 is arranged on the top of the water outlet shell 51. Meanwhile, the well cover 54 is also convenient for people to walk.

[0049] The water outlet communication pipe 52 is arranged on the bottom of the landscape pool, and is arranged in the middle of the pool body and the structural bottom. The water outlet communication pipe 52 connects the landscape pool and the water outlet well 5, and can guide the water in the internal structure of the landscape pool to the water outlet well 5. The water source in the landscape pool continuously flows into the water outlet well 5. When the water level reaches the height of the water outlet overflow port 53, the water overflows to the external river.

[0050] In different seasons, the water inflow is different. In the dry season, the water inflow is less, and in the rainy season, the water inflow is more. In order to adapt to the seasonal changes of the water inflow, a movable water outlet weir can be arranged in the upper area of the water outlet well 5. The height of the water outlet weir can be freely adjusted according to the required capacity, so as to adjust the water storage capacity of the water outlet well 5. In the dry season, the height of the weir plate of the water outlet weir is reduced to ensure the flowability of the water. In the rainy season, the height of the weir plate of the water outlet weir is increased. In the case of heavy water inflow such as rainstorm, or when it is required to store a large amount of water in the landscape pool, the storage capacity of the landscape pool can be expanded.

[0051] The water in the landscape pond typically comes from rainwater, canal water, surface overflow, or water from other modules' ecological facilities. Therefore, the landscape pond constantly receives water, and some water also remains within the pond. As long as there is water, eggs or seeds of aquatic plants and animals will enter the pond. To enrich biodiversity and establish an ecological chain, fish nests 6 are provided within the internal structural area 422 of the pond. These nests 6 are staggered and interconnected. Stones can be placed in the center or around the perimeter of the nests 6 to provide habitats for aquatic animals of different sizes and types. Lotus flowers are planted within the nests 6 to provide shade for the aquatic animals.

[0052] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, to ensure aeration within the landscape pool, a fountain 7 is installed within the pool. A water pump is installed at the lowest point in the middle of the pool. The pump draws water from the pool's center and transports it to the fountain 7. The water, powered by the fountain 7, creates a height difference, re-oxygenating the water as it falls and returning it to the pool. To give the pool a more ruyi-like shape, two vortex-shaped areas are provided within the pool's layered structure, serving as the pool's reoxygenation zones. These reoxygenation zones are located on the side of the pool away from the water inlet channel 1, with the fountain 7 positioned within the reoxygenation zones. Placing the fountain 7 on the side of the pool away from the water inlet channel 1 allows for a longer water flow path and improves the overall aesthetic of the ecological facility, giving it a ruyi-like shape and a more aesthetically pleasing aesthetic. The layered structure gradually lowers the pool from the outside inward, with the center of the pool being the lowest area, facilitating water collection from the center. The fountain 7 is located in the center of the pool, pumping water from the bottom and then spraying it into the pool for aeration.

[0053] External water flows into the landscape pool through the inlet channel 1. After simple filtration and aeration through the bridge grille 23, it flows to the filter structure 3. After undergoing three levels of filtration by the filter structure 3, it flows into the landscape pool. Upon entering the landscape pool, it is first filtered step by step by the layered structure before flowing to the center of the landscape pool. Part of the filtered water is pumped to the fountain 7 and sprayed into the landscape pool. The rest flows through the outlet connecting pipe 52 to the water outlet well 5 and then flows to the external river through the water outlet overflow port 53 on the water outlet well 5. The water surrounding the landscape pool enters the landscape pool through the water inlet overflow port 411 and is filtered by the layered structure.

Claims

1. An ecological facility for creating a fish habitat, characterized by: It comprises a water inlet section, a landscape pool connected to the water inlet section, and a water outlet well (5) connected to the landscape pool. External water enters the landscape pool through the water inlet section, enters the water outlet well (5) after being filtered in the landscape pool, and enters the next module from the water outlet well (5); The landscape pond comprises an outer pond wall structure (41) and a pond body structure enclosed by the outer pond wall structure (41); the outer pond wall structure (41) is arranged in close contact with the water inlet section; a layered structure and a fish nest (6) are arranged in the pond body structure; the layered structure is arranged in close contact with the outer pond wall structure (41); the fish nest (6) is arranged on a side of the layered structure away from the outer pond wall structure (41); the layered structure comprises at least one boundary position (34); filter material is arranged between the boundary position (34) and the outer pond wall structure (41) and between two adjacent boundary positions (34); and the height of the two adjacent filter materials decreases step by step from the outside to the inside.

2. The ecological facility for creating a fish habitat according to claim 1, characterized in that: A partition (423) is provided in the filter material. The partition (423) is provided along the height of the filter material. A gap is left between the bottom of the partition (423) and the bottom of the filter material. The top of the partition (423) is higher than the water outlet side.

3. The ecological facility for creating a fish habitat according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of water inlet overflow ports (411) are provided on the outer pool wall structure (41).

4. The ecological facility for creating a fish habitat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hierarchical structure is provided with three levels of hierarchy.

5. The ecological facility for creating a fish habitat according to claim 4, characterized in that: The three-level layered structure decreases in height from the outside of the landscape pool to the inside.

6. The ecological facility for creating a fish habitat according to claim 1, characterized in that: An aeration structure is arranged in the landscape pool, and the aeration structure is arranged at the location where the terrain difference is the largest in the landscape pool.

7. The ecological facility for creating a fish habitat according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water outlet overflow port (53) is provided on a side of the water outlet well (5) close to the external river.

8. The ecological facility for creating a fish habitat according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water outlet connecting pipe (52) is provided at the bottom of the landscape pool, and the water outlet connecting pipe (52) connects the landscape pool with the water outlet well (5).

9. The ecological facility for creating a fish habitat according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bridge grid (2) for increasing aeration and a filter material structure (3) for filtering incoming water are provided on the water inlet section.

10. The ecological facility for creating a fish habitat according to claim 9, characterized in that: The filter material structure (3) is provided with three levels of filter material areas.

Images