Material grading device
By designing the material screening roller assembly and the inclined arrangement of the rotating rollers, combined with the power-driven rotation of the rotating rollers, the problem of classifying irregularly shaped materials was solved, and a stable screening effect was achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421598881.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing material grading devices are unable to effectively grade irregularly shaped materials, especially Chinese medicinal herbs or crops such as angelica, sand ginseng, sweet potato, and carrot. The sieve holes are prone to getting stuck, leading to grading failure.
Design a material screening roller assembly including two rotating rollers with the gap between their roller surfaces gradually widening in one direction and the rollers being arranged at an angle. The rollers are driven by a power component to rotate simultaneously in different directions, ensuring that the material falls into the gap of a suitable width, which is suitable for grading materials with irregular shapes.
It achieves effective grading of irregularly shaped materials, has a simple structure, stable performance, and ideal screening effect, avoiding the problem of material jamming.
Smart Images
Figure CN223440450U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of material screening, in particular to a material grading device. Background Art
[0002] After crops and Chinese medicinal materials are harvested, their sizes will vary significantly. We usually classify individuals of similar sizes into the same level. A crop or Chinese medicinal material will usually be divided into two, three, or even more levels based on size.
[0003] Existing material grading devices typically use sieve plates with mesh holes to sort by size. This works well for materials with regular shapes. For example, for crops with regular shapes like oranges and apples, these sieve plates can achieve relatively ideal screening results. However, for materials with irregular shapes, these sieve plates may not produce ideal screening results. For example, root-type Chinese medicinal herbs or crops like Angelica dahurica, Adenophora radix, sweet potatoes, and carrots have irregular shapes, and smaller individuals may get stuck in the sieve holes and be unable to fall through, resulting in ineffective material grading.
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a new grading device to be suitable for the above-mentioned irregularly shaped materials and to grade them by size. Utility Model Content
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a material screening roller group and a material grading device, which are suitable for grading the size of materials with irregular shapes.
[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, in the first aspect, the utility model provides a material screening roller group, which includes two rollers arranged on the left and the right, and there is a gap between the roller surfaces of the two rollers, and the width of the gap changes in a trend of gradually expanding along one direction.
[0007] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a material grading device, which includes a frame and at least one pair of the material screening roller groups described above, wherein the material screening roller group is arranged on the frame.
[0008] Furthermore, the material grading device also includes a feed hopper; the feed hopper is arranged on the frame and connected to the side with the smaller gap width. It is used to receive the material and introduce the material into the material screening roller group through its own discharge port, and the introduction position is located on the side with the smaller gap width.
[0009] Further, the material screening roller group is arranged obliquely relative to the horizontal plane, and the oblique direction is gradually downward from the side close to the feeding hopper to the side away from the feeding hopper.
[0010] Further, the material grading device further comprises a sweeping assembly.
[0011] The sweeping assembly comprises a rotating shaft and an impeller.
[0012] The rotating shaft is arranged transversely above the discharge port of the feeding hopper.
[0013] The impeller is sleeved and fixed on the rotating shaft, and a plurality of blades are uniformly arranged around the impeller; when the impeller rotates around a predetermined direction, each blade in turn sweeps the material in the feeding hopper into the discharge port.
[0014] Further, the feeding hopper has two or more discharge ports.
[0015] The number of the material screening roller groups is consistent with the number of the discharge ports, and each material screening roller group corresponds to each discharge port one by one.
[0016] Further, the material grading device further comprises a power component and a transmission component; the power component provides power and transmits the power through the transmission component to drive two rotating rollers in the material screening roller group to rotate around different rotating directions at the same time.
[0017] Further, the two ends of the rotating roller are rotatably installed on the rack through a bearing respectively.
[0018] The power component comprises a first motor.
[0019] The transmission component comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel; the driving wheel is connected to the output shaft of the first motor, the driven wheel is connected to one end of the rotating roller, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are driven through a chain or a belt.
[0020] Further, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are both gear wheels, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are driven through a chain, and the chain passes through the two driven wheels connected to the same material screening roller group in an up-and-down manner to drive the two driven wheels to rotate around different rotating directions at the same time and at the same speed.
[0021] Alternatively;
[0022] The driving wheel and the driven wheel are both belt pulleys, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are driven through a belt, and the belt passes through the two driven wheels connected to the same material screening roller group in an up-and-down manner to drive the two driven wheels to rotate around different rotating directions at the same time and at the same speed.
[0023] Further, the material grading device further comprises an outlet hopper; the outlet hopper is arranged below the material screening roller set, and the outlet hopper has at least two guide slopes which are spaced apart from each other and used to receive the material falling from the gap and guide the material to a predetermined position.
[0024] The working principle of the material grading device is as follows:
[0025] In use, the material to be graded is poured into the feeding hopper; the material poured into the feeding hopper is discharged from the discharge port of the feeding hopper; after being discharged, the material enters the material screening roller set and then moves along the area between the two rotating rollers of the material screening roller set; during the movement, since the gap between the roller surfaces of the two rotating rollers has the feature that the width of the gap increases with the distance from the feeding hopper, the material of a small size falls from the position with a small gap width earlier, and the material of a large size falls from the position with a large gap width later, so that the material falling is graded according to the size.
[0026] In the screening process, the two rotating rollers in the same material screening roller set need to rotate in different rotating directions at the same time, which has the following effects: on the one hand, the rotation of the two rotating rollers can change the position of each individual in the material to ensure that each individual in the material can fall at the gap with a suitable width, so as to avoid that some individuals cannot fall above the gap or small-size individuals move to the rear section of the gap with large-size individuals; on the other hand, the rotation of the two rotating rollers can provide a certain lateral force to move the material downward.
[0027] As can be seen, since the two rotating rollers are rotating at all times, the position of the material above the rotating rollers changes at all times, and the material with an irregular shape can be adjusted to a position matched with the gap through the constant change of the position and then falls at the gap with a suitable width. Therefore, the material grading device is not only suitable for the material with a regular shape, but also suitable for the material with an irregular shape, and can grade the size. Compared with the existing grading devices such as the sieve plate type or other roller type, the material grading device can better screen the material with an irregular shape, obtain a more ideal screening effect, and has a simple structure and stable performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0028] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of an optimal embodiment of the material grading device of the utility model;
[0029] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the front view of
[0030] Figure 3 is a top view of Figure 1 , which hides the sweeping assembly on the basis of Figure 1 ;
[0031] Figure 4 is an independent view of the sweeping assembly in Figure 1 ;
[0032] Figure 5 is a rear view of Figure 1 , which hides the discharge hopper and part of the structure of the rack on the basis of Figure 1 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] The utility model will be further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments, but the implementation mode of the utility model is not limited thereto.
[0034] The utility model provides a kind of material screening roller group 300, it includes two rotating rollers 310 (can refer to Figures 1 to 3 ) being arranged left and right, the gap 3a between the roller surface of two rotating rollers 310, the width of the gap 3a gradually expands along a direction tendency change.
[0035] That is, two rotating rollers 310 are arranged left and right, and the head and tail of two rotating rollers 310 are roughly aligned respectively, while the axis of two rotating rollers 310 is not parallel to each other, but forms an included angle, generally, the angle of the included angle is between 2 ° and 15 °, and the specific angle can be determined according to the size of the material to be screened.The structure shown in the drawings of the present application specification, the included angle is about 5 °.
[0036] Based on the above-mentioned material screening roller group 300, the utility model further provides a kind of material grading device, referring to Figures 1 to 5 , the material grading device includes rack 100 and at least one pair of the above-mentioned material screening roller group 300, wherein the material screening roller group 300 is arranged on the rack 100.
[0037] In some embodiments, the material grading device further includes feed hopper 200. The feed hopper 200 is arranged on the rack 100 and is connected with the side of the gap 3a with smaller width, which is used to receive material and guide the material into the material screening roller group 300 through the discharge port 210 of itself, and the guiding position is located at the side of the gap 3a with smaller width.
[0038] Further, the material screening roller group 300 is arranged to be inclined relative to the horizontal plane, and the direction of the inclination is gradually downward from the side close to the feeding hopper 200 to the side away from the feeding hopper 200. The inclination angle of the rotating roller 310 relative to the horizontal plane can be determined according to the characteristics of the material and the test results, and generally, the inclination angle is not less than 15° and not greater than 60°.
[0039] Further, the material screening device further comprises a power component and a transmission component. The power component provides power and transmits the power through the transmission component to drive the two rotating rollers 310 in the material screening roller group 300 to rotate in different directions.
[0040] The working principle of the above material screening device is as follows:
[0041] In use, the material to be screened is poured into the feeding hopper 200. It should be noted that the material poured into the feeding hopper 200 can be regular-shaped Chinese herbal medicine or crop material, such as oranges, apples, etc., or irregular-shaped Chinese herbal medicine or crop material, such as white peony root, radix adnatae, sweet potato, carrot, etc.
[0042] The material poured into the feeding hopper 200 is discharged from the discharge port 210 of the feeding hopper 200. After being discharged, the material enters the material screening roller group 300 and then moves along the area between the two rotating rollers 310 of the material screening roller group 300. During the movement, since the gap 3a between the roller surfaces of the two rotating rollers 310 has the characteristic that the width of the gap 3a increases as the distance from the feeding hopper 200 increases, the material with a smaller size will fall from the position with a smaller width of the gap 3a earlier, and the material with a larger size will fall from the position with a larger width of the gap 3a later. Thus, the falling material is classified according to the size, i.e., the material falling from the front section of the gap 3a has a smaller size, the material falling from the middle section of the gap 3a has a moderate size, and the material falling from the rear section of the gap 3a has a larger size.
[0043] In the screening process, the two rotating rollers 310 in the same material screening roller group 300 need to rotate in different directions at the same time, which has the following effects: on the one hand, the rotation of the two rotating rollers 310 can change the position of each individual in the material, so as to ensure that each individual in the material can fall at the gap 3a with a suitable width, and avoid that some individuals cannot fall above the gap 3a or small-size individuals move to the rear part of the gap 3a with large-size individuals; on the other hand, the rotation of the two rotating rollers 310 can provide a certain lateral force to drive the material to move downward; the different rotation directions of the two rotating rollers 310 can make the directions of the forces acting on the two sides of the material opposite to each other and offset each other, so as to avoid that the directions of the forces acting on the two sides of the material are the same and the material is thrown out of the material screening roller group 300, especially when the rotating speed of the rotating roller 310 is high, if the rotation directions of the two rotating rollers 310 are the same, the material is easily thrown out of the material screening roller group 300.
[0044] As can be seen, since the two rotating rollers 310 are rotating at all times, the position of the material above the rotating rollers 310 changes at all times, and the irregular-shaped material can be adjusted to a position matched with the gap 3a through the continuous change of the position, and then falls at the gap 3a with a suitable width; for example, when screening white peony root, since the length is much larger than the outer diameter, if the white peony root is above the gap 3a, it will not fall from the gap 3a, but the rotation of the rotating roller 310 can change the position of the white peony root on the rotating roller 310, when the position of the white peony root changes to be consistent with the extension direction of the gap 3a, the white peony root will be arranged between the two rotating rollers 310 along the gap 3a, and once the white peony root moves to a position with a maximum outer diameter smaller than the width of the gap 3a, the white peony root will fall from the gap 3a. Therefore, it can be seen that the material grading device of the utility model is suitable for not only regular-shaped materials but also irregular-shaped materials, and can grade the size. Compared with the existing screen disc type or other roller type grading devices, the material grading device can better screen irregular-shaped materials, obtain a more ideal screening effect, and has a simple structure and stable performance.
[0045] In some embodiments, the two ends of the rotating roller 310 are rotatably installed on the frame 100 through a bearing. The power component includes a first motor 410. The transmission component includes a driving wheel 510 and a driven wheel 520, the driving wheel 510 is connected to the output shaft of the first motor 410, the driven wheel 520 is connected to one end of the rotating roller 310, and the driving wheel 510 and the driven wheel 520 are connected through a chain 530 or a belt.
[0046] Preferably, referring to Figure 5The driving wheel 510 and the driven wheel 520 are both gears, and the driving wheel 510 and the driven wheel 520 are connected through a chain 530. The chain 530 passes through two driven wheels 520 connected to the same material screening roller group 300 in an up-down manner, so as to drive the two driven wheels 520 to rotate synchronously and at the same speed in different rotating directions.
[0047] As shown in Figure 5 When the number of the material screening roller groups 300 is more than one group, and each group of the material screening roller groups 300 is arranged side by side, the chain 530 can be arranged to Figure 5 The repeatedly arranged structure in an up-down manner is shown to pass through the driven wheel 520 connected to each rotating roller 310, drive each driven wheel 520 to rotate synchronously, and the two driven wheels 520 in the same material screening roller group 300 rotate in opposite directions.
[0048] In addition, in other embodiments, the driving wheel 510 and the driven wheel 520 can also be belt pulleys (not shown in the figure), at this time, the driving wheel 510 and the driven wheel 520 are connected through a belt (not shown in the figure). The belt passes through the two driven wheels 520 connected in the same material screening roller group 300 in an up-down manner, so as to drive the two driven wheels 520 to rotate synchronously and at the same speed in different rotating directions.
[0049] In some embodiments, the material grading device further comprises a sweeping assembly 600. Referring to Figure 4 The sweeping assembly 600 comprises a rotating shaft 610 and an impeller 620. The rotating shaft 610 is arranged transversely above the discharge port 210 of the feeding hopper 200. The impeller 620 is sleeved and fixed on the rotating shaft 610, and a plurality of blades 621 are uniformly arranged around the impeller 620. When the impeller 620 rotates in a predetermined direction, each blade 621 will in turn sweep the material in the feeding hopper 200 into the discharge port 210.
[0050] The above-mentioned sweeping assembly 600 is an optional assembly, which can be selected to be used or not used according to the characteristics of the material or the effect of material grading. When the impeller 620 rotates, the material can be orderly discharged from the discharge port 210 through the pushing of the blades 621, avoiding the disorderly entry of the material into the discharge port 210, which leads to the blockage of the discharge port 210.
[0051] Further, the sweeping assembly 600 further comprises a second motor 630. The second motor 630 is fixed on the rack 100, and is used to drive the rotating shaft 610 to rotate, thereby driving the impeller 620 to rotate in the predetermined direction. The second motor 630 can drive the rotating shaft 610 to rotate through synchronous belts, synchronous pulleys and the like.
[0052] In some embodiments, the material grading device further comprises an outlet hopper 700. The outlet hopper 700 is arranged below the material screening roller group 300, and the outlet hopper 700 has at least two guide slopes 710 spaced apart from each other, which are used to receive the material falling from the gap 3a and guide it to a predetermined position.
[0053] The number of guide slopes 710 can be determined according to the number of grades to be graded, which can be two, three, or even more. For example, the number of guide slopes 710 shown in the figure is three, and each guide slope 710 is separated by a partition, so that the material can be divided into small, medium, and large grades during grading.
[0054] Of course, the outlet hopper 700 described above can not be arranged below the material screening roller group 300, but a conveyor belt can be arranged directly. After the material falls from the gap 3a, it will directly fall onto the conveyor belt and then move to the designated position along the conveyor belt. The conveyor belt can be provided with multiple conveyor belts according to the number of grades to be graded, so that materials of different sizes can fall onto different conveyor belts to achieve the purpose of grading. Of course, only one conveyor belt can be provided, and partitions can be arranged above the conveyor belt to separate the falling materials and achieve the purpose of grading.
[0055] In some embodiments, the rotation directions of the two rotating rollers 310 in the same material screening roller group 300 are as follows: the upper surface of the rotating roller 310 rotates from inside to outside, and the lower surface of the rotating roller 310 rotates from outside to inside. That is, from the perspective of Figure 2 , the left rotating roller 310 in the same material screening roller group 300 rotates counterclockwise, and the right rotating roller 310 rotates clockwise.
[0056] The purpose of adopting the above rotation direction is to avoid the material being clamped in the gap 3a during the rotation of the two rotating rollers 310. That is, from the perspective of Figure 2 , the left rotating roller 310 in the same material screening roller group 300 rotates clockwise, and the right rotating roller 310 rotates counterclockwise. During the rotation of the two rotating rollers 310, the material temporarily unable to fall above the rotating roller 310 is easily rolled into the gap 3a and clamped in the gap 3a, which cannot fall off and needs to be manually removed.
[0057] In some embodiments, the feeding hopper 200 has two or more discharge ports 210, and the feeding hopper 200 shown in the figure has four discharge ports 210. The number of material screening roller groups 300 is consistent with the number of discharge ports 210, and each material screening roller group 300 and each discharge port 210 correspond one-to-one, and each group of material screening roller groups 300 is arranged side by side in sequence. At the same time, as shown in the figure, the feeding hopper 200 is provided with a partition 400, and the partition 400 is arranged above the discharge ports 210. Figure 5As shown, the driving wheel 510 drives all the driven wheels 520 to rotate synchronously through a chain 530, that is, the chain 530 is engaged with the driving wheel 510 and each driven wheel 520 through repeated up-and-down arrangement, so as to drive each driven wheel 520 to rotate synchronously, and the two driven wheels 520 in the same material screening roller group 300 rotate in opposite directions.
[0058] In the above structure, the number of discharge ports 210 is relatively large, the volume of the feeding hopper 200 matches the number of discharge ports 210, and the number of material screening roller groups 300 matches the number of discharge ports 210, so that more materials can be screened by multiple material screening roller groups 300 in the same time, thereby improving the classification efficiency of the materials.
[0059] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 , the front end of the discharge port 210 is provided with an inclined guide plate 220, which forms a V-shaped guide slope at the front end of the discharge port 210, so as to facilitate the material to enter the discharge port 210.
[0060] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 to 3 , the left and right sides of the discharge port 210 are both provided with a baffle 230, and the discharge port 210 is located between the two baffles 230.
[0061] Preferably, the baffle 230 can be arranged to extend from one side of the gap 3a to the other side, so as to prevent the material from moving to the adjacent material screening roller group 300 during the classification process.
[0062] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can be variously changed and modified. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. Material classification device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (100) and at least one pair of material screening roller groups (300); the material screening roller group (300) is arranged on the frame (100); the material screening roller group (300) comprises two rollers (310) arranged on the left and the right, a gap (3a) is provided between the roller surfaces of the two rollers (310), and the width of the gap (3a) changes in a trend of gradually expanding along one direction; The material grading device further comprises a power component and a transmission component; wherein, both ends of the roller (310) are rotatably mounted on the frame (100) via a bearing; the power component comprises a first motor (410); the transmission component comprises a driving wheel (510) and a driven wheel (520); the driving wheel (510) is connected to the output shaft of the first motor (410), the driven wheel (520) is connected to one end of the roller (310), and a chain (530) or a belt is used to transmit power between the driving wheel (510) and the driven wheel (520); When the chain (530) is used for transmission, the driving wheel (510) and the driven wheel (520) are both gears, and the chain (530) passes over two driven wheels (520) connected to the same material screening roller group (300) in an up-down manner, so as to drive the two driven wheels (520) to rotate synchronously and at a constant speed in different rotation directions; When the belt is used for transmission, the driving wheel (510) and the driven wheel (520) are both pulleys, and the belt is passed over two driven wheels (520) connected to the same material screening roller group (300) in an up-down manner, so as to drive the two driven wheels (520) to rotate synchronously and at a constant speed in different rotation directions; The material grading device further comprises a feed hopper (200); the feed hopper (200) is arranged on the frame (100) and connected to the side of the gap (3a) with a smaller width, and is used to receive materials and introduce the materials into the material screening roller group (300) through its own discharge port (210), and the introduction position is located on the side of the gap (3a) with a smaller width; The material screening roller group (300) is arranged in an inclined manner relative to a horizontal plane, and the inclination direction is gradually inclined downward from a side close to the feed hopper (200) to a side away from the feed hopper (200); Wherein, the material grading device further includes a material sweeping component (600); The sweeping assembly (600) includes a rotating shaft (610) and an impeller (620); The rotating shaft (610) is transversely arranged above the discharge port (210) of the feed hopper (200); The impeller (620) is sleeved and fixed on the rotating shaft (610), and a plurality of blades (621) are evenly arranged around the impeller (620); when the impeller (620) rotates in a predetermined direction, each blade (621) sweeps the material in the feed hopper (200) into the discharge port (210) in turn.
2. The material classification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed hopper (200) has two or more discharge ports (210); The number of the material screening roller groups (300) is consistent with the number of the discharge ports (210), and each of the material screening roller groups (300) corresponds to each of the discharge ports (210) in a one-to-one manner.
3. The material classification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a discharge hopper (700); the discharge hopper (700) is arranged below the material screening roller group (300); the discharge hopper (700) has at least two mutually separated material guiding inclined surfaces (710); the material guiding inclined surfaces (710) are used to receive the material falling from the gap (3a) and guide it to a predetermined position.
Citation Information
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