Mechanical variable-diameter pipe cleaning device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a pipe cleaning device, in particular to a mechanical variable-diameter pipe cleaning device. The pipe cleaning device is composed of a jet flow mechanism, a scraping mechanism and a centralizing head which are sequentially arranged, wherein the scraping mechanism is composed of a base, a supporting rod, a positioning seat, a scraper, a scraper pushing disc and a supporting spring. According to the pipe cleaning device, the diameter can be changed through the scraping mechanism, the scraping radius can be matched with the pipe diameter through diameter changing, and therefore the universality can be effectively improved under the condition that the scraping capacity is guaranteed. Due to the fact that the diameter can be changed, the passing capacity in a narrow position can be effectively improved, and the device can adapt to complex pipelines. Jet flow can be conducted to the inner wall of the pipeline through the jet flow mechanism, the flowability of scraped scales can be enhanced through jet flow while the inner wall of the pipeline is cleaned, falling scales are prevented from being accumulated at the front end of the device, and the scraping efficiency can be effectively improved. The problem that an existing pipe cleaning device is poor in passing ability and universality is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a kind of pigging devices, specifically to a kind of mechanical variable-diameter pigging device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the long-distance transportation of natural oil through oil pipeline, since the oil often contains solid hydrocarbon components, such as ground wax, paraffin and paraffin oil, etc., as the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the pipeline increases and the operation time accumulates, these substances will gradually deposit on the pipe wall together with impurities such as sand particles, forming one or more layers of thick scale. This layer of scale not only reduces the effective flow area of the pipeline, but also significantly increases the power consumption during oil transportation. In extreme cases, it can even cause the crude oil to completely lose its flowability, causing pipeline blockage (i.e. pipe freezing accident), which severely restricts production efficiency and pipeline safety. In view of this, it is particularly important to regularly clean the inside of the oil pipeline to maintain its unobstructed flow. As a key tool for this task, the pigging device for oil pipeline is widely used in pipe wall cleaning operations, and its responsibilities include but are not limited to scraping off the deposits on the pipe wall, peeling off the attached impurities, and assisting in the necessary chemical cleaning.

[0003] The patent application with publication number CN109158389A discloses a self-spinning jet flow pigging device, which includes a rotating head portion, a middle motor portion and a tail portion arranged in sequence from front to back. The rotating head portion includes a rotating head, which is connected with a planetary gear for rotating the rotating head. The rotating head is connected with a key shaft sleeve, which is pressed against the inner ring of a bearing. The outer ring of the bearing is sleeved with a shaft sleeve, which is pressed against the outer ring of the bearing. The end of the key shaft sleeve is provided with a spring and a spring gland. The middle motor portion provides power for the rotating head portion. This invention ensures smooth flow, improves the flow cross-section, and the high-pressure water can flush the pipeline concave points, weaken the gap corrosion, and strengthen the detailed cleaning of the inner wall of the pipeline, which can improve the cleaning efficiency.

[0004] The above-mentioned pigging device can clean the pipeline, but the diameter of the pipeline cleaning is fixed, and it cannot be adjusted according to the diameter of the pipeline. When the pipeline is too thick or too thin, especially for small diameter pipelines, the pigging device cannot be used for cleaning. At the same time, due to the inability to adjust the diameter, the passability is poor at narrow places of the pipeline (such as pipeline variable-diameter places), which limits the application range and has poor universality. Therefore, it is necessary to design a mechanical variable-diameter pigging device to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The utility model aims at: provide a kind of mechanical variable-diameter pigging device that can effectively improve passability and universality.

[0006] The technical scheme of the utility model is:

[0007] The utility model provides a mechanical variable diameter pigging device which is composed of a jet mechanism, a scraping mechanism and a centralizer head arranged in sequence, characterized in that the scraping mechanism is composed of a base, a support rod, a positioning seat, scrapers, a scraper push plate and a support spring, the positioning seat is mounted on the base through the support rod, the scrapers are uniformly distributed on the positioning seat, the support rod is sleeved with the scraper push plate, the outer edge of the scraper push plate is in abutting connection with the scrapers, and the support spring is sleeved on the support rod between the scraper push plate and the base.

[0008] The scraper is composed of a blade body, blade claws and scraping teeth, the blade claws are arranged at intervals on both sides of the blade body, and the scraping teeth are uniformly distributed on the outer surfaces of the blade body and the blade claws, the blade claws of adjacent scrapers are in inter-insertion connection.

[0009] The inner side surface of the blade body is arc-shaped, the inner side surface of the blade body is in abutting connection with the scraper push plate, a plurality of arc-shaped bosses are arranged on the inner side surface of the blade body to increase the movement resistance between the blade body and the scraper push plate, thereby increasing the supporting force of the scraper push plate on the blade body.

[0010] The jet mechanism is composed of a cylindrical assembly, jet nozzles and a filter screen, the assembly is provided with an inner cavity, the jet nozzles are uniformly distributed on one end of the assembly, and the jet nozzles are in communication with the inner cavity, the filter screen is arranged at the center of the other end surface of the assembly, the assembly is provided with an outer cavity on the inner side of the filter screen, the outer cavity is in communication with the inner cavity through a flow hole, and the assembly is connected with the positioning seat through a coupling.

[0011] The inner cavity is provided with a check ball mounted through a check spring, and the check ball is in sealing connection with the flow hole.

[0012] A plurality of leather cups are sleeved on the assembly, a one-way valve is arranged on the leather cup on one side of the filter screen, and overflow holes are arranged on the leather cups in front of the one-way valve.

[0013] The centralizer head is uniformly provided with helical grooves.

[0014] The utility model has the advantages that the mechanical variable diameter pigging device can change the diameter through the scraping mechanism, the scraping radius can be adapted to the pipe diameter through the diameter change, the universality can be effectively improved under the condition of ensuring the scraping capacity, the through capacity in narrow places can be effectively improved due to the diameter change, the device can adapt to complex pipelines, the jet mechanism can jet to the inner wall of the pipeline, the flowability of the scraped scale can be enhanced through the jet while the inner wall of the pipeline is cleaned, the scraped scale can be prevented from piling up in front of the device, the scraping efficiency can be effectively improved, and the through capacity and the universality of the existing pigging device are improved.

[0015] The mechanical variable diameter pigging device can change the diameter through the scraping mechanism, the scraping radius can be adapted to the pipe diameter through the diameter change, the universality can be effectively improved under the condition of ensuring the scraping capacity, the through capacity in narrow places can be effectively improved due to the diameter change, the device can adapt to complex pipelines, the jet mechanism can jet to the inner wall of the pipeline, the flowability of the scraped scale can be enhanced through the jet while the inner wall of the pipeline is cleaned, the scraped scale can be prevented from piling up in front of the device, the scraping efficiency can be effectively improved, and the through capacity and the universality of the existing pigging device are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1It is the structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 It is the sectional view schematic view of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 It is the structure schematic view of the scraping mechanism of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 It is the structure schematic view of the scraper of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 It is the structure schematic view of the jet mechanism of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 6 It is the sectional view schematic view of the jet mechanism of the utility model.

[0022] In the drawing: 1, righting head, 2, base, 3, support rod, 4, positioning seat, 5, scraper push plate, 6, support spring, 7, coupling, 8, cutter body, 9, cutter claw, 10, scraping tooth, 11, boss, 12, assembly, 13, jet nozzle, 14, filter screen, 15, inner cavity, 16, outer cavity, 17, flow-through hole, 18, check spring, 19, check ball, 20, leather bowl, 21, check valve, 22, overflow hole, 23, helical groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The mechanical variable-diameter pipe cleaning device is composed of a jet mechanism, a scraping mechanism and a righting head 1 arranged in sequence, forms a jet through the jet mechanism, washes the inner wall of the pipeline on one hand, and enhances the mobility of the fallen scale through the jet on the other hand, avoids the scale from piling up at the front end of the device, reduces the resistance of the scale to the device, and further improves the forward power of the device, so that the device can be pushed forward faster, thereby improving the pipe cleaning efficiency; the scale can be scraped through the scraping mechanism, so that the scale is separated from the inner wall of the pipeline, and then the scale on the inner wall of the pipeline is cleaned in cooperation with the jet; the scraping mechanism and the jet mechanism can be righted through the righting head 1, the scraping mechanism is guided to scrape, and the jet mechanism is guided to jet.

[0024] The scraping mechanism consists of a base 2, a support rod 3, a positioning seat 4, a scraper, a scraper push plate 5, and a support spring 6. The base 2 is provided with a support rod 3, with a positioning seat 4 mounted at the end thereof. Scrapers are evenly distributed on the positioning seat 4. A scraper push plate 5 is mounted on the support rod 3, with the outer edge of the scraper push plate 5 abutting against the scraper. A support spring 6 is mounted on the support rod 3 between the scraper push plate 5 and the base 2. The base 2 is connected to the straightening head 1 via a coupling 7. The support spring 6 pushes the scraper push plate 5, which in turn pushes the scraper, pushing it toward the inner wall of the pipe, causing it to rest against the inner wall. As the scraper moves forward, it scrapes the inner wall of the pipe. Furthermore, because the scraper is supported by the scraper push plate 5 and the support spring 6, it can rest against the inner wall of the pipe, adapting its scraping radius to the inner wall of the pipe, ensuring that the scraper can completely remove scale from the inner wall of the pipe. By supporting the scraper, when the scraper encounters an obstacle, the support spring 6 can be compressed to cause the scraper to retract inward, so that the scraper can pass through a narrow place by retracting inward, thereby greatly enhancing the passing ability.

[0025] The scraper consists of a blade body 8, claws 9, and scraping teeth 10. Claws 9 are spaced apart on either side of the blade body 8. Scraping teeth 10 are evenly distributed on the outer surfaces of the blade body 8 and claws 9. The scraping teeth 10 cooperate with the claws 9 to scrape the inner wall of the pipe, thereby removing scale and cleaning the inner wall. The claws 9 between adjacent scrapers are interlocked and connected to form a single unit, increasing the stability of the scraping mechanism during operation. Furthermore, because the claws 9 between the scrapers are interlocked, the scrapers can move relative to each other in the circumferential direction, allowing them to expand or contract relative to each other. This adjusts the scraping radius and adapts the scraper to the inner wall of the pipe, ensuring both effective scraping and the smooth passage of the scraping mechanism. The blade body 8 is movably connected to the positioning seat 4 via a pin, allowing the scrapers to rotate about the pin between the blade body 8 and the positioning seat 4, allowing the scrapers to contract or expand relative to each other.

[0026] The inner side surface of the blade body 8 is arc-shaped, and the inner side surface of the blade body 8 is in contact with the scraper push disk 5, so that the scraper can be pushed outward by the arc surface of the blade body 8, and at the same time, the scraper can push the scraper push disk 5 inward by the arc surface, thereby compressing the support spring 6 and allowing the scraper to retract inward. A plurality of arc-shaped bosses 11 are provided on the inner side surface of the blade body 8. The bosses 11 increase the motion resistance between the blade body 8 and the scraper push disk 5, thereby increasing the support force of the scraper push disk 5 on the blade body 8, so that the scraper can have sufficient interaction force with the scale on the inner wall of the pipe, thereby ensuring that the scraper can completely scrape the scale on the inner wall of the pipe.

[0027] The jet mechanism is composed of a cylindrical assembly 12, a jet nozzle 13 and a filter screen 14. The assembly 12 is provided with an inner cavity 15. The jet nozzle 13 is uniformly distributed on one end of the assembly 12 and is in communication with the inner cavity 15. The filter screen 14 is arranged at the center of the other end of the assembly 12. The assembly 12 is provided with an outer cavity 16 on the inner side of the filter screen 14. The outer cavity 16 is in communication with the inner cavity 15 through a flow-through hole 17. The assembly 12 is connected with the positioning seat 4 through a coupling 7. The jet nozzle 13 sprays the fluid flowing from the filter screen 14, the outer cavity 16, the flow-through hole 17 and the inner cavity 15 to the inner wall of the pipeline. The jet from the jet nozzle 13 flushes the inner wall of the pipeline, which, on one hand, cooperates with the scraping mechanism to clean the pipeline and, on the other hand, carries the scale separated from the inner wall of the pipeline to enhance the flowability of the scale, so that the separated scale is not easy to accumulate at the front end of the device, the resistance at the front end of the device is reduced, the device can move forward faster, and the cleaning efficiency of the device is improved.

[0028] The inner cavity 15 is provided with a check ball 19 installed through a check spring 18. The check ball 19 is in sealing connection with the flow-through hole 17. The check ball 19 cooperates with the check spring 18 to enable the fluid to flow only from the outer cavity 16 to the inner cavity 15, so that the separated scale at the front end of the device is not easy to flow backward through the jet mechanism and remain in the pipeline.

[0029] A plurality of leather cups 20 are sleeved on the assembly 12 to push the scale forward. The leather cup 20 on one side of the filter screen 14 is provided with a one-way valve 21. The leather cup 20 at the front end of the one-way valve 21 is provided with an overflow hole 22. The one-way valve 21 enables the fluid to flow to the front end of the leather cup 20, so as to assist the jet to push the separated scale forward.

[0030] The righting head 1 is uniformly provided with helical grooves 23 to rotate the righting head 1 in the process of moving forward of the righting head 1 through the interaction between the helical grooves 23 and the scale, so as to rotate the scraping mechanism through the coupling in the process of rotating the righting head 1, and enhance the scraping ability of the scraping mechanism.

[0031] When the mechanical variable-diameter pipe cleaning device works, high-pressure fluid is introduced into the pipeline at the rear end of the device. The high-pressure fluid pushes the device forward through the leather cup 20. In the process of moving forward of the device, the inner wall of the pipeline is scraped and cleaned by the scraper of the scraping mechanism. In the process of pushing the device forward by the fluid, part of the fluid flows outward through the filter screen 14, the outer cavity 16, the flow-through hole 17, the inner cavity 15 and the jet nozzle 13, and is further flushed and cleaned by the jet to the inner wall of the pipeline. At the same time, the fluid flows forward through the one-way valve 21 and the overflow hole 22 to assist the jet to push the scale forward.

[0032] The mechanical variable-diameter pipe cleaning device can change the diameter through a scraping mechanism, and the scraping radius can be adapted to the pipe diameter through the change of the diameter, so that the universality can be effectively improved under the condition of ensuring the scraping capacity. Due to the variable diameter, the through capacity in a narrow place can be effectively improved, so that the device can adapt to complex pipelines. Through the jet mechanism, a jet can be sprayed to the inner wall of the pipeline, the flowability of the scraped scale can be enhanced through the jet while the inner wall of the pipeline is cleaned, the scraped scale is prevented from accumulating in front of the device, and the scraping efficiency can be effectively improved. The problems of poor through capacity and universality of the existing pipe cleaning device are solved.

Claims

1. A mechanical variable diameter pigging device, which is composed of a jet mechanism, a scraping mechanism and a straightening head (1) arranged in sequence, and is characterized by: The scraping mechanism is composed of a base (2), a support rod (3), a positioning seat (4), a scraper, a scraper push plate (5) and a support spring (6). The base (2) is provided with a positioning seat (4) via the support rod (3). The positioning seat (4) is evenly distributed with scrapers. The support rod (3) is provided with a scraper push plate (5). The outer edge of the scraper push plate (5) is connected to the scraper. The support rod (3) between the scraper push plate (5) and the base (2) is provided with a support spring (6). The base (2) is connected to the straightening head (1) via a coupling (7).

2. A mechanical variable diameter pigging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraper is composed of a blade body (8), a blade claw (9) and scraping teeth (10), wherein the blade claws (9) are arranged at intervals on both sides of the blade body (8), and the outer surfaces of the blade body (8) and the blade claws (9) are evenly distributed with scraping teeth (10); the blade claws (9) between adjacent scrapers are plugged into each other.

3. A mechanical variable diameter pigging device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner side surface of the knife body (8) is in the shape of an arc, and the inner side surface of the knife body (8) is in contact with the scraper push disc (5); a plurality of arc-shaped bosses (11) are provided on the inner side surface of the knife body (8), so as to increase the movement resistance between the knife body (8) and the scraper push disc (5) through the bosses (11), thereby increasing the support force of the scraper push disc (5) on the knife body (8).

4. The mechanical variable diameter pigging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The jet mechanism is composed of a cylindrical assembly (12), a jet nozzle (13) and a filter (14); an inner cavity (15) is provided on the assembly (12); the jet nozzle (13) is evenly distributed at one end of the assembly (12); the jet nozzle (13) is communicated with the inner cavity (15); a filter (14) is provided at the center of the other end face of the assembly (12); an outer cavity (16) is provided on the assembly (12) inside the filter (14); the outer cavity (16) is communicated with the inner cavity (15) through a flow hole (17); the assembly (12) is connected to the positioning seat (4) through a coupling (7).

5. A mechanical variable diameter pigging device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A check ball (19) is installed on the inner cavity (15) via a check spring (18), and the check ball (19) is sealed and connected to the flow hole (17).

6. The mechanical variable diameter pigging device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The assembly (12) is provided with a plurality of leather cups (20), a one-way valve (21) is provided on the leather cup (20) on one side of the filter screen (14), and a flow hole (22) is provided on the leather cup (20) at the front end of the one-way valve (21).

7. The mechanical variable diameter pigging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straightening head (1) is evenly distributed with spiral grooves (23).

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