Energy storage system with fluorine pump and dehumidification module

Abstract

The utility model discloses an energy storage system with a fluorine pump and a dehumidification module. The energy storage system comprises a direct cooling type energy storage heat management module. The direct cooling type energy storage heat management module comprises a first refrigeration module, a second refrigeration module, a cooling module and a dehumidification module. Wherein the first refrigeration module is sequentially provided with a compressor, a first condenser and a first throttling element in the flowing direction of refrigerants, the second refrigeration module and the first refrigeration module are arranged in parallel, a second condenser and a fluorine pump are sequentially arranged in the flowing direction of the refrigerants, and the cooling module is communicated with the first refrigeration module and the second refrigeration module. Comprising a first direct cooling plate and a second direct cooling plate which are arranged on the two opposite sides of the to-be-cooled module respectively, an inlet of the dehumidification module communicates with an inlet of the cooling module, and an outlet communicates with an outlet of the cooling module. According to the direct cooling type energy storage heat management module, different refrigerating circuits can be selected according to different heat exchange amount requirements, and power consumption is reduced while the heat exchange amount is guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of heat management, especially to a kind of energy storage system with fluorine pump and dehumidification module. BACKGROUND

[0002] Heat management refers to the management and control of the temperature of the total system, discrete components or their environment, and its purpose is to maintain the normal operation of each component or improve its performance or life. Currently, heat management is usually required in fields such as electrochemical energy storage, and heat management has a significant impact on the performance, life and safety of energy storage systems.

[0003] Most of the current heat management systems for energy storage do not have a fluorine pump natural cooling module, but use antifreeze to take away the heat of the battery cells in an indirect heat dissipation manner, and an additional dehumidification air conditioner design is also required for box-type energy storage cabinets. When the heat management unit does not have a natural cooling function, the unit has low energy efficiency and high power consumption under low load conditions, and the unit is prone to frequent start-stop, affecting the service life of the system. And because there is no natural cooling function, the internal system of the unit runs for a long time, which also shortens the service life of the entire machine and reduces the investment return ratio. To solve this problem, some heat management systems currently have integrated natural cooling functions, which mainly add a second heat exchanger near the condenser to exchange heat through cooling liquid. The disadvantage of this method is that the fan has high back pressure, high fan speed and high noise. The cooling liquid circuit has many interfaces, and the risk of cooling liquid leakage is high. In addition, in these heat management methods, the battery cell temperature is taken away by antifreeze, which has a risk of leakage. Once the liquid leaks, the entire energy storage system will fail, and the energy storage cabinet often needs to be equipped with an additional dehumidification air conditioner, which is not economical and occupies space, and the control is also more complicated. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve some or all of the problems in the prior art, the utility model provides an energy storage system with a fluorine pump and a dehumidification module, which includes a direct-cooling energy storage heat management module, the direct-cooling energy storage heat management module includes:

[0005] A first refrigeration module, which is provided with a compressor, a first condenser and a first throttling element in sequence along the flow direction of the refrigerant;

[0006] A second refrigeration module, which is provided with a second condenser and a fluorine pump in sequence along the flow direction of the refrigerant and is arranged in parallel with the first refrigeration module;

[0007] A cooling module, which is in communication with the first refrigeration module and the second refrigeration module, includes a first direct-cooling plate and a second direct-cooling plate, and the first and second direct-cooling plates are arranged on opposite sides of the to-be-cooled module, respectively; and

[0008] a dehumidification module, an inlet of which is in communication with the inlet of the cooling module and an outlet of which is in communication with the outlet of the cooling module.

[0009] Further, the first refrigeration module and the second refrigeration module share a condenser.

[0010] Further, the second refrigeration module further comprises:

[0011] a one-way valve, an inlet end of which is connected to the outlet of the cooling module and an outlet end of which is connected to the inlet of the second condenser; and

[0012] a first electromagnetic valve, which is arranged at the inlet of the fluorine pump.

[0013] Further, the direct-cooling energy storage thermal management module further comprises a first fan, which is arranged at the first condenser and / or the second condenser to introduce normal-temperature air into the first and / or second condenser to realize heat exchange.

[0014] Further, the dehumidification module comprises a dehumidification heat exchanger.

[0015] Further, the dehumidification module further comprises a second electromagnetic valve, which is arranged at the inlet of the dehumidification heat exchanger.

[0016] Further, the dehumidification module further comprises a second fan, which is arranged at the dehumidification heat exchanger to introduce normal-temperature air into the dehumidification heat exchanger to realize heat exchange.

[0017] Further, the first direct-cooling plate and the second direct-cooling plate are provided with second throttling elements at the inlets thereof.

[0018] Further, the fluid flow direction in the first direct-cooling plate is opposite to the fluid flow direction in the second direct-cooling plate.

[0019] Further, the first throttling element and the second throttling element are electronic expansion valves.

[0020] Further, the direct-cooling energy storage thermal management module further comprises a control module, which is used to control the start-up, shutdown and flow of the first refrigeration module, the second refrigeration module and the dehumidification module according to the heat exchange requirement.

[0021] Further, the direct-cooling energy storage thermal management module further comprises at least one temperature sensor and at least one pressure sensor, wherein the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are arranged at the outlets of the first and second direct-cooling plates and / or the air inlet and / or air outlet of the compressor.

[0022] The utility model provides a kind of energy storage system with fluorine pump and dehumidification module, it includes multiple refrigeration circuits, can select different refrigeration circuits according to the demand of different heat exchange capacity, while guaranteeing heat exchange capacity, power consumption is reduced as far as possible.Specifically, same heat exchange capacity, same evaporation pressure, the latent heat of vaporization Δh in evaporator in fluorine pump circuit is greater, and refrigerant flow is less, so at low load, fluorine pump circuit is used.At low load, the power consumption of fluorine pump circuit is much smaller than compressor circuit, and the energy efficiency of fluorine pump circuit is higher.In addition, fluorine pump circuit can also reduce the cost and space occupancy of second heat exchanger, reduce fan noise, and can eliminate the risk of antifreeze leakage.At high load, when heat exchange capacity demand is higher, compressor circuit is selected, or fluorine pump circuit and compressor circuit are started simultaneously.In addition, the cooling module of direct-cooling type does not need antifreeze and secondary heat exchange of battery, and directly exchanges heat with refrigerant and battery, so the heat exchange efficiency is higher.The system as a whole also integrates dehumidification function, and can cancel the additional dehumidification air conditioner configuration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] To further illustrate the above and other advantages and characteristics of the embodiments of the utility model, more specific description of the embodiments of the utility model will be presented with reference to the drawings. It can be understood that these drawings only depict typical embodiments of the utility model, and therefore should not be considered as limiting on its scope. In the drawings, for clarity, the same or corresponding parts will be denoted by the same or similar reference signs.

[0024] Figure 1 A structure schematic view of a direct-cooling type energy storage thermal management system with multiple refrigeration circuits is shown in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 A structure schematic view of compressor circuit of direct-cooling type energy storage thermal management system is shown in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 A pressure enthalpy diagram schematic view of compressor circuit of direct-cooling type energy storage thermal management system is shown in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 A structure schematic view of fluorine pump circuit of direct-cooling type energy storage thermal management system is shown in one embodiment of the utility model; and

[0028] Figure 5 A pressure enthalpy diagram schematic view of fluorine pump circuit of direct-cooling type energy storage thermal management system is shown in one embodiment of the utility model.

[0029] LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0030] 001 module to be cooled

[0031] 111 compressor

[0032] 112 First Condenser

[0033] 113 First throttle element

[0034] 114 First Fan

[0035] 121 Check Valve

[0036] 122 First solenoid valve

[0037] 123 Fluorine Pump

[0038] 124 Second Condenser

[0039] 131 First straight cold plate

[0040] 132 Second direct cooling plate

[0041] 133 Second throttle element

[0042] 141 Second solenoid valve

[0043] 142 Dehumidification heat exchanger

[0044] 143 Second Fan DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In the following description, the present invention is described with reference to various embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the various embodiments can be implemented without one or more specific details or with other alternative and / or additional methods, materials or components. In other cases, well-known structures, materials or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring the practical points of the present invention. Similarly, for the purpose of explanation, specific quantities, materials and configurations are described in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to these specific details. In addition, it should be understood that the various embodiments shown in the drawings are illustrative representations and are not necessarily drawn to the correct scale.

[0046] In this specification, reference to "one embodiment" or "the embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in various places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0047] The existing energy storage thermal management system usually does not set a natural cooling module or performs natural cooling through a second heat exchanger arranged at the condenser. If the natural cooling module is not arranged, the overall power consumption of the unit is large and the energy efficiency is low, and if the second heat exchanger is arranged, the cooling liquid circuit interface is increased, and the risk of cooling liquid leakage is increased. Based on this, in order to improve the overall energy efficiency in a small load condition, the utility model adds a fluorine pump natural cooling module to the energy storage thermal management system, and the fluorine pump natural cooling function can not only reduce the energy consumption in a small load condition, but also enhance the safety and reliability of system operation and reduce noise. At the same time, the energy storage battery adopts a direct cooling mode, the secondary heat exchange of the antifreeze on the evaporation side can be cancelled, the heat exchange efficiency is higher, and the risk of leakage is eliminated.

[0048] The scheme of the utility model will be further described below in combination with the embodiment drawings.

[0049] The utility model provides a kind of energy storage system, it includes the direct-cooled energy storage thermal management system with multiple refrigeration circuits, Figure 1 The structure diagram of the direct-cooled energy storage thermal management system with multiple refrigeration circuits is shown in one embodiment of the utility model. As shown in Figure 1 The direct-cooled energy storage thermal management system with multiple refrigeration circuits includes first refrigeration module, second refrigeration module, cooling module and control module. The first refrigeration module is compressor circuit, and first condenser 112 and first throttling element 113 are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of refrigerant. The second refrigeration module is fluorine pump circuit, and second condenser and fluorine pump 123 are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of refrigerant. The cooling module is communicated with the first refrigeration module and the second refrigeration module, and is used for heat dissipation for the to-be-cooled module, including first direct-cooled plate 131 and second direct-cooled plate 132 arranged on the opposite sides of to-be-cooled module 001 respectively. The control module is used for controlling the start, stop and flow of the first refrigeration module and the second refrigeration module according to heat exchange demand, so as to reduce the overall energy consumption of system and improve energy efficiency while ensuring heat exchange. In one embodiment of the utility model, the first refrigeration module and the second refrigeration module share condenser, i.e. the second condenser is the first condenser 112.

[0050] Figure 2 The structure diagram of the compressor circuit of the direct-cooled energy storage thermal management system is shown in one embodiment of the utility model. As shown in Figure 2 The compressor circuit realizes refrigeration cycle through compressor. The refrigerant first undergoes isentropic compression in the compressor 111, then enters the first condenser 112 to perform isobaric heat release, and then enters the first throttling element 113 to perform isenthalpic throttling, so that low-temperature refrigerant enters the cooling module, which can be regarded as isobaric heat absorption through evaporator. Figure 3A schematic diagram of a pressure-enthalpy diagram of the compressor circuit is shown.

[0051] In one embodiment of the utility model, the compressor 111 can be, for example, an air-floating centrifugal compressor. In one embodiment of the utility model, the air-floating centrifugal compressor includes a motor, an impeller, an air inlet, an air outlet, and a connecting pipe. The motor includes a rotor system, a stator, and a housing, wherein the rotor system of the motor includes a radial air-floating bearing. When the motor shaft rotates, the radial air-floating bearing draws in air, forming an air film to support the high-speed rotation of the rotor. At the same time, the thrust bearing (if any) also forms an air film, so that the thrust shaft and the bearing are non-contact, the bearing is almost wear-free, and mechanical losses and noise can be greatly reduced or even eliminated.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first throttling element refers to a device or element for reducing gas pressure to achieve evaporation, and may be, for example, an expansion valve, a capillary tube, a throttling tube, etc.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the cooling efficiency, a first fan 114 is further provided at the fins of the condenser 112. The first fan 114 introduces normal temperature air into the fins of the first condenser 112, so that the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant inside the first condenser 112 is heat-exchanged with the air, thereby achieving the purpose of condensation.

[0054] In order to calculate the system cooling demand and thus control the working status of each device or module, as well as protect the system operation, in one embodiment of the present invention, a temperature sensor T and a pressure sensor P are provided at the air inlet and / or exhaust port of the compressor.

[0055] Figure 4 The following is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the fluorine pump circuit of a direct cooling energy storage thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the fluorine pump circuit mainly realizes the natural cooling function through the fluorine pump 123. In one embodiment of the present invention, a one-way valve 121 and a first solenoid valve 122 are also provided in the fluorine pump circuit, wherein the inlet end of the one-way valve 121 is connected to the outlet of the cooling module, and the outlet end is connected to the inlet of the second condenser 124. The first solenoid valve 122 is provided at the inlet of the fluorine pump 123. By controlling the one-way valve 121 and the first solenoid valve 122, the fluorine pump circuit can be opened or closed, and the flow of the fluorine pump circuit can be controlled. In the fluorine pump circuit, after the refrigerant is pressurized in the fluorine pump 123, it enters the cooling module and can be regarded as isobaric heat absorption through the evaporator. Then, isothermal pressure reduction is achieved during the flow in the pipeline, and then it enters the second condenser 124 for isobaric heating. After becoming a low-pressure and low-temperature state, it enters the fluorine pump 123 again. Figure 5A schematic diagram of the pressure-enthalpy diagram of the fluorine pump circuit of a direct-cooling energy storage thermal management system according to one embodiment of the present invention is shown. Compared to the compressor circuit, at the same heat exchange rate and evaporation pressure, the fluorine pump circuit has a greater latent heat of vaporization Δh within the cooling module and a lower refrigerant flow rate. This results in lower overall power consumption, higher energy efficiency, and a better COP. Therefore, the fluorine pump circuit is a suitable choice for low-load conditions such as low ambient temperatures and light loads. Furthermore, the fluorine pump circuit offers lower noise levels and eliminates the risk of coolant leakage.

[0056] In addition, as mentioned above, in order to simplify the overall structure of the thermal management system, the fluorine pump circuit and the compressor circuit may share a condenser, that is, the second condenser may be the first condenser 112 in the compressor circuit.

[0057] Back to Figure 1 ,like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the cooling module adopts direct cooling, which does not require secondary heat exchange between antifreeze and battery cells, but directly uses refrigerant and battery cells for heat exchange, which has higher heat exchange efficiency and avoids the risk of antifreeze leakage. Figure 1 As shown, the first direct cooling plate 131 is arranged on the module to be cooled 001, such as the first surface of the battery cell or at a certain distance from the first surface, and it includes a first inlet and a first outlet. In one embodiment of the present invention, a second throttling element 133 is also provided at the first inlet. The second throttling element refers to a device or element for reducing the gas pressure to achieve the purpose of evaporation, for example, it can be: an expansion valve, a capillary tube, a throttling tube, etc. The second direct cooling plate 132 is arranged on the module to be cooled 001, such as the second surface of the battery cell or at a certain distance from the second surface, wherein the second surface refers to the surface on the side opposite to the first surface. Similarly, the second direct cooling plate 132 includes a second inlet and a second outlet. Similarly, in one embodiment of the present invention, a second throttling element 133 is also provided at the second inlet. After the refrigerant reaches the second throttling element 133, the second throttling element 133 throttles the refrigerant. The throttled refrigerant rapidly expands and evaporates within the direct cooling plate. The throttled and expanded refrigerant directly exchanges heat with the module to be cooled. The refrigerant absorbs the heat generated in the module to be cooled, thereby reducing it to the desired temperature and achieving a cooling effect. In order to calculate the cooling requirements of the module to be cooled and thereby control the operating status of each device or module, as well as protect system operation, in one embodiment of the present invention, a temperature sensor T is provided at the outlet of the first and second direct cooling plates.

[0058] In order to avoid the problem of uneven heat dissipation, in an embodiment of the utility model, the cooling module adopts the structure of reverse inlet and outlet of upper and lower cold plates, that is, the fluid flow direction in the first cold plate 131 is opposite to the fluid flow direction in the second cold plate 132. This can be realized by completely opposite setting of the inlet and outlet of the first and second cold plates, that is, the second outlet of the second cold plate is arranged on the same side as the first inlet of the first cold plate, and the second inlet is arranged on the same side as the first outlet.

[0059] In an embodiment of the utility model, as shown in Figure 1 The dehumidification module is further provided with an inlet and an outlet, the inlet is communicated with the inlet of the cooling module, and the outlet is communicated with the outlet of the cooling module, so that the dehumidification and heat exchange of the direct-cooling energy storage thermal management system are realized. Figure 1 As shown in In an embodiment of the utility model, in order to facilitate the opening and closing of the dehumidification function, the dehumidification module further comprises a second electromagnetic valve 141 arranged at the inlet of the dehumidification heat exchanger 142. When dehumidification is required, the second electromagnetic valve 141 is opened, so that the liquid refrigerant flows into the dehumidification heat exchanger and then returns to the fluorine pump circuit and / or the compressor circuit. In an embodiment of the utility model, the dehumidification module further comprises a second fan 143 arranged at the dehumidification heat exchanger 142, so as to introduce normal temperature air into the dehumidification heat exchanger to realize heat exchange.

[0060] Based on the direct-cooling energy storage thermal management system as described above, the application further provides a heat management method of an energy storage system, which can determine the refrigeration circuit according to the current environment temperature and / or unit load. In an embodiment of the application, a heat management method of an energy storage system mainly selects the refrigeration module according to the environment temperature, and the load is used as an auxiliary judgment condition. Specifically, the heat management method comprises:

[0061] Firstly, the environment temperature is determined. The current environment temperature is detected. If the environment temperature is higher than the second preset temperature, the first refrigeration module is opened, and the second refrigeration module is closed. If the environment temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, the second refrigeration module is opened, and the first refrigeration module is closed. If the environment temperature is between the first preset temperature and the second preset temperature, the load of the direct-cooling energy storage thermal management system is further determined.

[0062] Next, the load is determined. When the ambient temperature is between the first preset temperature and the second preset temperature, the refrigeration circuit is further determined according to the load. In one embodiment of the present application, the load refers to the ratio of the refrigeration amount required to be output by the direct-cooling energy storage thermal management system to the rated refrigeration amount thereof. If the load is lower than the first preset load, the second refrigeration module is turned on and the first refrigeration module is turned off; if the load is not lower than the second preset load, the first refrigeration module is turned on and the second refrigeration module is turned off; and if the load is between the first preset load and the second preset load, the first refrigeration module and the second refrigeration module are turned on simultaneously.

[0063] It should be understood that, in one embodiment of the present application, the refrigeration circuit can also be determined only according to the ambient temperature, i.e., for example, when the ambient temperature is higher than the second preset temperature, the first refrigeration module is turned on and the second refrigeration module is turned off; when the ambient temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, the first refrigeration module is turned off and the second refrigeration module is turned on; and when the ambient temperature is between the first preset temperature and the second preset temperature, the first refrigeration module and the second refrigeration module are turned on simultaneously.

[0064] It should be understood that, in another embodiment of the present application, the refrigeration circuit can also be determined only according to the load, i.e., for example, when the load is higher than the second preset load, the first refrigeration module is turned on and the second refrigeration module is turned off; when the load is lower than the first preset load, the first refrigeration module is turned off and the second refrigeration module is turned on; and when the load is between the first preset load and the second preset load, the first refrigeration module and the second refrigeration module are turned on simultaneously.

[0065] It should be understood that, in another embodiment of the present application, the refrigeration circuit can also be determined mainly according to the load and with the ambient temperature as an auxiliary condition, i.e., for example, when the load is higher than the second preset load, the first refrigeration module is turned on and the second refrigeration module is turned off; when the load is lower than the first preset load, the first refrigeration module is turned off and the second refrigeration module is turned on; and when the load is between the first preset load and the second preset load, the first refrigeration module and / or the second refrigeration module is / are turned on according to the ambient temperature.

[0066] In one embodiment of the present application, the first preset load can be 30%, the second preset load can be 60%, the first preset temperature can be 10°C, and the second preset temperature can be 20°C. It should be understood that, in some other embodiments of the present application, the first and second preset loads and the first and second preset temperatures can also be selected as different values according to actual requirements.

[0067] In one embodiment of the utility model, still can pass through control throttling element and / or valve's opening degree, and / or adjust compressor, fluorine pump's power, adjust the flow of direct cooling type energy storage heat management system.

[0068] In one embodiment of the utility model, the humidity of the system can be monitored in real time to control the opening or closing of the dehumidification module.

[0069] Although the embodiments of the utility model are described above, it should be understood that they are presented only as examples, not as limitations. It is obvious to those skilled in the relevant art that various combinations, modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Therefore, the width and scope of the utility model disclosed herein should not be limited by the above disclosed exemplary embodiments, but should only be defined according to the appended claims and their equivalent replacements.

Claims

1. An energy storage system with a fluorine pump and a dehumidification module, characterized in that: It includes a direct-cooling energy storage thermal management module, which includes: A first refrigeration module is provided with a compressor, a first condenser and a first throttling element in sequence along the refrigerant flow direction; A second refrigeration module is arranged in parallel with the first refrigeration module and is provided with a second condenser and a fluorine pump in sequence along the refrigerant flow direction; a cooling module, which is in communication with the first refrigeration module and the second refrigeration module, and comprises a first direct cooling plate and a second direct cooling plate, wherein the first and second direct cooling plates are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the module to be cooled; and The dehumidification module has an inlet communicated with the inlet of the cooling module and an outlet communicated with the outlet of the cooling module.

2. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: The first refrigeration module and the second refrigeration module share a condenser.

3. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: The second refrigeration module further includes: a one-way valve, an inlet end of which is connected to the outlet of the cooling module, and an outlet end of which is connected to the inlet of the second condenser; and A first electromagnetic valve is provided at the inlet of the fluorine pump.

4. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: The direct-cooling energy storage thermal management module further includes a first fan, which is disposed at the first condenser and / or the second condenser to introduce room temperature air into the first and second condensers to achieve heat exchange.

5. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: The dehumidification module includes a dehumidification heat exchanger.

6. The energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that The dehumidification module further includes: A second solenoid valve is provided at the inlet of the dehumidification heat exchanger; and / or The second fan is arranged at the dehumidification heat exchanger to introduce air at normal temperature into the dehumidification heat exchanger to realize heat exchange.

7. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: A second throttling element is provided at the inlet of the first direct cooling plate and the second direct cooling plate.

8. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: The flow direction of the fluid in the first direct cooling plate is opposite to the flow direction of the fluid in the second direct cooling plate.

9. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: The direct cooling energy storage thermal management module further includes a control module, which is configured to control the activation, deactivation and flow of the first refrigeration module, the second refrigeration module and the dehumidification module according to heat exchange requirements.

10. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: The direct-cooling energy storage thermal management module also includes at least one temperature sensor and at least one pressure sensor, wherein the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are arranged at the outlets of the first and second direct-cooling plates and / or the air inlet and / or exhaust port of the compressor.

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