Advanced acetylene absorption device for preparing acetylene from natural gas

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-grade acetylene absorption device for preparing acetylene from natural gas. The high-grade acetylene absorption device comprises an absorption tower, a cracking gas inlet and a solvent outlet are formed in the lower part of the absorption tower, and a gas outlet and a solvent inlet are formed in the upper part of the absorption tower; a plurality of different types of tower internals are arranged in the absorption tower, and the different types of tower internals are respectively arranged at different heights of the absorption tower. According to the characteristics and requirements of the high-grade alkyne absorption process, by arranging different types of tower internals at different height positions in the same tower, the absorption effect and the anti-blocking performance are both considered, high operation flexibility is achieved, meanwhile, a design type with a relatively simple structure is adopted as much as possible to reduce the maintenance difficulty, and the cost is reduced. And the purpose of stably separating high-grade alkyne and crude acetylene by the device is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a natural gas acetylene senior alkyne absorption device belongs to acetylene preparation technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] In addition to containing target product acetylene, the cracking gas of natural gas partial oxidation acetylene process also produces other gases such as synthesis gas and senior alkyne. Based on the different solubility of synthesis gas, acetylene and senior alkyne in NMP, in the concentration process, senior alkyne and acetylene are absorbed and desorbed by NMP to different degrees, so that the effect of separating product acetylene from other gases is achieved. In the actual production process, after the cracking gas pressurized by the compressor passes through the senior alkyne absorption tower, most of the senior alkyne in the cracking gas is separated by dissolving in the solvent.

[0003] In the senior alkyne absorption tower, due to the high concentration of senior alkyne, senior alkyne polymers or crystalline substances are easily formed to cause the blockage of the internal parts. In addition, in order to ensure the absorption effect, there are certain requirements for the design of the tower internals, but if the tower internals with too complex structure are used, the frequency and difficulty of cleaning and maintenance of the tower internals after blockage are also increased. At the same time, if the oxygen ratio is reduced in the operation, the content of senior alkyne in the cracking gas will increase, which also puts forward a wider working range requirement for the absorption efficiency and operation flexibility of the tower internals. The above factors cause the blockage of the senior alkyne absorption tower in the traditional natural gas acetylene process to occur frequently in daily operation, and the cleaning after blockage is difficult, which affects the absorption effect of senior alkyne, interrupts the continuity of the operation of the device, and increases the working intensity of the operators. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model aims at: in view of the above existing problem, provide a kind of natural gas acetylene senior alkyne absorption device, more not easy to block under the condition of guaranteeing absorption effect, and structure is relatively simple and reasonable, and cleaning maintenance difficulty is low, so that the device can be stably operated, prolongs continuous operation time, reduces the working intensity of operator.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0006] A natural gas acetylene senior alkyne absorption device, comprising an absorption tower, a cracking gas inlet and a solvent outlet are arranged at the lower part of the absorption tower, a gas outlet and a solvent inlet are arranged at the upper part of the absorption tower; a plurality of different types of tower internals are arranged in the absorption tower, and the different types of tower internals are arranged at different heights of the absorption tower.

[0007] Alternatively, the upper part of the absorption tower is a packing section, and the middle and lower parts are tray sections.

[0008] Alternatively, a plurality of grid trays are arranged in the tray sections along the height direction.

[0009] Optionally, a plurality of filler layers are arranged in the filler section in the height direction.

[0010] Optionally, the upper part of each filler layer and the upper and middle parts of the tray section are provided with anti-blocking distributors.

[0011] Optionally, the lower part of the tray section has a lower absorption section, the lower end of the absorption tower is provided with a circulating pump, and the downstream of the circulating pump is connected with a circulating liquid return port of the upper end of the lower absorption section.

[0012] Optionally, the downstream of the circulating pump is provided with a water-cooled cooler.

[0013] Optionally, the outer wall of the absorption tower is provided with a pressure gauge port.

[0014] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0015] The natural gas acetylene senior alkene absorption device provided by the present application has the advantages that: according to the characteristics and requirements of the senior alkene absorption process, different types of tower internals are arranged at different height positions in the same tower, the absorption effect and the anti-blocking property are considered, the operation flexibility is high, the structure is relatively simple, the maintenance and repair difficulty is reduced, the device is stable, the senior alkene and the crude acetylene are separated, and the purposes are achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the present application.

[0017] In the figure, 1 is an absorption tower, 2 is a cracking gas inlet, 3 is a solvent outlet, 4 is a gas outlet, 5 is a solvent inlet, 6 is a filler section, 7 is a tray section, 8 is a grid tray, 9 is a filler layer, 10 is an anti-blocking distributor, 11 is a lower absorption section, 12 is a circulating pump, 13 is a circulating liquid return port, 14 is a water-cooled cooler, and 15 is a pressure gauge port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0020] A natural gas acetylene senior alkene absorption device, such as Figure 1As shown, the absorption tower 1 is provided with a cracking gas inlet 2 and a solvent outlet 3 at the lower part, and a gas outlet 4 and a solvent inlet 5 at the upper part. A plurality of different types of tower internals are arranged in the absorption tower 1, and the different types of tower internals are arranged at different heights of the absorption tower 1.

[0021] Specifically, the composition and concentration of the gas are different at different heights of the absorption tower 1. For example, the concentration of the higher alkyne gas is high at the bottom of the tower, and a large amount of water vapor is contained, and the absorption capacity and anti-blocking capacity need to be considered. By arranging high-efficiency tower internals at the bottom, the absorption effect can be enhanced, and the tower internals can be prevented from being blocked. Different types of tower internals have different gas-liquid contact characteristics. The packing layer 9 is suitable for high-efficiency absorption under low pressure difference, and the tray provides better anti-blocking performance on the basis of ensuring the contact effect. According to the operating conditions of different regions of the tower, appropriate tower internals can be selected to optimize the absorption effect. In addition, during the absorption process, solid polymers or crystals may be generated, which are easy to block the tower internals. By using tower internals that are not easy to block, such as packing with large voids or specially designed trays, in the blocking area, the risk of blocking can be reduced. In addition, since different types of tower internals have different requirements for liquid distribution, reasonable layout and liquid distributor can reduce the problem of poor absorption effect or local blocking caused by uneven liquid distribution. Therefore, by arranging different types of tower internals at different heights in the same tower, the absorption effect and anti-blocking performance can be optimized according to the characteristics and needs of different regions of the tower, so as to improve the operating performance and reliability of the entire absorption tower 1. The solvent outlet 3 is arranged at the bottom end of the absorption tower 1, and the gas outlet 4 is arranged at the top end of the absorption tower 1.

[0022] As another specific embodiment, the upper part of the absorption tower 1 is a packing section 6, and the middle and lower parts are tray sections 7. The packing section 6 usually has a large specific surface area, which is beneficial to the full contact of the gas-liquid two phases and improves the absorption efficiency. Therefore, by arranging the packing section 6 at the upper part of the tower, the high-efficiency absorption capacity of the packing section 6 can be fully utilized to process the remaining higher alkyne components in the gas, so that the composition of the gas at the tower top outlet meets the expected requirements. The tray section 7 is arranged in the middle and lower parts of the tower, and the concentration of the alkyne components in the gas is high, and more solid impurities may be carried, and the channel of the tray section 7 is relatively large, which can better prevent the deposition and blocking of these impurities.

[0023] As another specific embodiment, a plurality of grid trays 8 are arranged at intervals in the height direction in the tray section 7. The grid tray 8 has large openings, which can reduce the risk of solid impurities blocking, especially in the middle and lower parts of the tower. Arranging at intervals in the height direction can make the gas and liquid uniformly distributed in the tower along the height direction, ensure that each layer of the tray can fully play its absorption role, and avoid the occurrence of absorption dead angles.

[0024] As another specific embodiment, multiple packing layers 9 are spaced apart along the height of the packing section 6. Multiple packing layers 9 facilitate more even distribution of gas and liquid within the tower, reducing biased flow and short-circuiting, and improving overall absorption efficiency. The layered arrangement of packing layers 9 reduces the accumulation of solid impurities on the packing. Each packing layer 9 contributes to a portion of the impurity interception task, reducing the risk of clogging associated with a single layer of packing.

[0025] As another specific embodiment, an anti-clogging distributor 10 is provided above each packing layer 9 and above and in the middle of the tray section 7. The anti-clogging distributor 10 can prevent clogging of the distributor due to impurities, solid particles, or other substances, ensuring uniform gas-liquid distribution, maintaining normal tower operation, and reducing operating costs such as cleaning and maintenance caused by clogging.

[0026] As another specific embodiment, the lower part of the tray section 7 has a lower absorption section 11, and the lower end of the absorption tower 1 is provided with a circulation pump 12, and the downstream of the circulation pump 12 is connected to the circulating liquid return port 13 at the upper end of the lower absorption section 11. The function of the circulation pump 12 is to extract the absorption liquid at the bottom of the tower and send it back to the top of the tower or the upper part of the tower to form a closed circulation loop to continue the absorption process. Through the continuous operation of the circulation pump 12, the flow of the absorption liquid in the tower can be maintained to ensure the stability of the absorption efficiency. During the circulation process, the absorption liquid can continuously absorb the target components in the gas, increase its concentration, and facilitate subsequent processing or recovery. Specifically, the lower absorption section 11 is part of the tray section 7, and a plurality of trays are also provided therein. Furthermore, an anti-blocking distributor 10 is also provided at the top of the lower absorption section 11.

[0027] As another specific embodiment, a water-cooled cooler 14 is provided downstream of the circulating pump 12. By lowering the temperature of the absorption liquid, the cooler enhances the absorption capacity of the absorption liquid and condenses water vapor in the feed gas, thereby improving overall absorption efficiency. By employing the water-cooled cooler 14, the absorption tower 1 system can achieve low operating costs and favorable environmental benefits while ensuring efficient absorption.

[0028] As another specific embodiment, a pressure gauge port 15 is provided on the outer wall of the absorption tower 1. The absorption process of higher alkynes requires precise control, and the pressure gauge can monitor the pressure changes in the tower in real time to ensure that the absorption process is carried out according to predetermined process parameters. A pressure gauge is provided in each packing section and tray section to monitor the pressure difference of the gas passing through the tray or packing section in real time. If the pressure difference is too high, it can be determined that a certain section of packing or tray has caused a blockage, which helps the operator quickly find the blocked section and take corresponding measures, facilitates daily maintenance and management, and improves the continuity and stability of the device production.

[0029] The working process of the natural gas acetylene high acetylene absorption device is as follows:

[0030] The cracking gas from the compressor enters the high acetylene absorption tower 1 from the tower kettle gas phase space. The clean NMP solvent is sent to the top of the high acetylene absorption tower 1 and flows downward from top to bottom. In the lower section of the tower, most of the water vapor brought in with the cracking gas is removed by the solvent through the grid tray 8. The solvent heated and warmed by the heat released by absorbing water vapor is pumped out from the bottom of the high acetylene absorption tower 1 by the circulation pump 12, cooled by the cooler using circulating cooling water, and then returned to the top of the absorption section 11 of the lower part of the tower. A large amount of spraying and a lower operating temperature are used to ensure the absorption effect. In the middle section of the tower, the easily soluble high acetylene is removed by the solvent through the grid tray 8. In the lower part of the packing section 6 of the tower, the remaining high acetylene in the gas rising from the middle section tray is further absorbed by the packing to ensure the removal effect of the high acetylene, and a small amount of acetylene in the gas is saturated by being absorbed by the solvent at the top of the packing section 6. The high acetylene absorption tower 1 is operated using a small amount of solvent, and the absorption of acetylene accounts for a very small proportion of the total amount, while almost all the high acetylene is absorbed, which lays a foundation for further separation of product gas and by-product gas in the downstream process.

[0031] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. The present application extends to any new features or any new combinations disclosed in the specification, and any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. It is obvious for those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the details of the technical features not disclosed in the present application, such as specific structures, connection modes, etc. can be obtained from the prior art by those skilled in the art, and the present application does not specifically limit the same.

Claims

1. A natural gas to acetylene higher alkyne absorption apparatus characterized by: The application relates to a pyrolysis gas absorption tower, which comprises an absorption tower (1), the lower part of the absorption tower (1) is provided with a pyrolysis gas inlet (2) and a solvent outlet (3), the upper part of the absorption tower (1) is provided with a gas outlet (4) and a solvent inlet (5), a plurality of different types of tower internals are arranged in the absorption tower (1), and the different types of tower internals are arranged at different heights of the absorption tower (1) respectively.

2. The natural gas to acetylene higher alkyne absorption apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The upper part of the absorption tower (1) is a packing section (6), and the middle and lower parts are tray sections (7).

3. The natural gas to acetylene higher alkyne absorption apparatus of claim 2, wherein: A plurality of grid trays (8) are arranged in the tray sections (7) along the height direction at intervals.

4. The natural gas to acetylene senior alkyne absorption apparatus of claim 2, wherein: A plurality of packing layers (9) are arranged in the packing section (6) along the height direction at intervals.

5. The natural gas to acetylene senior alkyne absorption apparatus of claim 4, wherein: Anti-blocking distributors (10) are arranged at the upper part of each packing layer (9) and the upper and middle parts of the tray sections (7).

6. The natural gas to acetylene senior alkyne absorption apparatus of claim 2, wherein: The lower part of the tray section (7) is provided with a lower absorption section (11), the lower end of the absorption tower (1) is provided with a circulating pump (12), and the downstream of the circulating pump (12) is connected with a circulating liquid return port (13) of the upper end of the lower absorption section (11).

7. The natural gas to acetylene senior alkyne absorption apparatus of claim 6, wherein: The downstream of the circulating pump (12) is provided with a water-cooled cooler (14).

8. The natural gas to acetylene higher alkyne absorption apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The outer wall of the absorption tower (1) is provided with a pressure gauge port (15).

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