Drying and dechlorination reactor for waste plastics

Abstract

The utility model discloses a drying dechlorination reactor for waste plastics, which relates to the technical field of waste plastic recovery and comprises a reaction barrel, a mixed gas outlet is arranged at the top end of the reaction barrel, and a feed port is arranged at the position of the reaction barrel communicated with the mixed gas outlet. A second-stage cracked gas inlet is formed in one end, far away from the mixed gas outlet, of the outer wall of the reaction barrel, and a reflux slag charge adding opening positioned beside the mixed gas outlet is formed in the outer wall of the reaction barrel. Materials in the reaction barrel are kept at a high temperature through high-temperature backflow slag charge, the 600-DEG C backflow high-temperature slag charge enters from the front end of the mixing reactor, water and high-temperature carbon powder in the inferior waste plastic react to generate CO, and sulfur and chlorine in the inferior waste plastic can be recycled under the anaerobic cracking reduction condition of 300 DEG C, so that the sulfur and chlorine in the inferior waste plastic can be recycled. And under the action of an integrated catalyst, desulfurization and dechlorination are performed to realize surface filming of the carbon particles, so that the influence on subsequent equipment is reduced, and multiple functions of dehydration, dechlorination and surface filming of the carbon particles of the waste plastics are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste plastic recycling technology, specifically to a drying and dechlorination reactor for waste plastics. Background Technology

[0002] Chemical conversion methods can transform plastic waste into industrial raw materials or fuel oil with utilization value. This not only eliminates environmental pollution but also enables the sustainable development and utilization of resources. It is an effective way to control "white pollution". At present, the waste plastic oil refining industry has sprung up all over China, and some companies have built small-scale pyrolysis units. However, the problem of high-value utilization of waste plastic pyrolysis products still needs to be effectively solved.

[0003] A prior patent (publication number: CN117801838B) discloses a method and apparatus for hydrogen-induced thermal cracking of mixed waste plastics and refining of cracking products. The mixed waste plastics undergo thermal cracking in a hydrogen environment to generate plastic cracking gas and plastic cracking oil. The cracking gas contacts a catalyst and is first hydrogenated to saturation in a slurry bed reactor, then dechlorinated in a dechlorination reactor. The cracking oil passes through a pre-hydrogenation reaction, a refining main reaction, and a dechlorination reactor, contacting the catalyst under reaction conditions. The refined reaction products of the waste plastic cracking gas and cracking oil are fractionated to obtain saturated dry gas, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), light oil, and hydrogenated tail oil. The saturated LPG, light oil, and hydrogenated tail oil can be directly fed into different feed ports of an ethylene steam cracking furnace, effectively removing impurities from the waste plastic oil and waste plastic cracking gas, providing high-quality cracking feedstock for the steam cracking process. This truly achieves complete recycling of waste plastics. The apparatus has low operating costs and a long operating cycle, making it suitable for waste plastic recycling and processing, and for preparing high-quality ethylene cracking feedstock from waste plastics.

[0004] However, the above technical solutions still have certain drawbacks. In the above reaction process, the reaction temperature is low, which leads to a poor reaction rate of the reactants. When the amount of reactants is large, the required reaction time is long, resulting in low production efficiency and making it unsuitable for large-scale and efficient production activities. Therefore, a drying and dechlorination reactor for waste plastics is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a drying and dechlorination reactor for waste plastics to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a drying and dechlorination reactor for waste plastics, comprising a reaction tank, a mixed gas outlet at the top of the reaction tank, a feeding port at the connection point with the mixed gas outlet, a secondary pyrolysis gas inlet at the end of the outer wall of the reaction tank away from the mixed gas outlet, a reflux slag inlet located next to the mixed gas outlet at the outer wall of the reaction tank, a heat insulation layer covering the outer wall of the reaction tank, a heat exchange jacket between the heat insulation layer and the reaction tank, the heat exchange jacket spirally wrapping around the outer wall of the reaction tank, a burner exhaust port at one end of the heat exchange jacket, a chimney at the other end of the heat exchange jacket, a mixed material outlet at one end of the reaction tank, and a stirring drive assembly on the inner wall of the reaction tank, with multiple sets of stirring scrapers fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stirring drive assembly.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention for a drying and dechlorination reactor for waste plastics, the stirring scraper includes multiple sets of connecting rods, which are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stirring transmission assembly.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention for a drying and dechlorination reactor for waste plastics, each set of connecting rods is fixedly connected to a set of inserts at the end, and a stirring head is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the insert.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention for a drying and dechlorination reactor for waste plastics, the inner wall of the insert block is slidably connected with two sets of limiting pins extending to the outside of the insert block, and a return spring is fixedly connected between the two sets of limiting pins.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention for a drying and dechlorination reactor for waste plastics, the end of the limiting pin located outside the insert block extends to the inner wall of the stirring head, and the inner wall of the stirring head is provided with a limiting groove that matches the limiting pin.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention for a drying and dechlorination reactor for waste plastics, a set of scrapers are slidably connected to both sides of the bottom end of the stirring head, and a top extending to the outside of the scraper is slidably connected to the inner wall of the scraper.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention for a drying and dechlorination reactor for waste plastics, a supporting spring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the top head, and a groove matching the top head is provided at the contact position with the scraper.

[0013] In summary, the present invention has the following main advantages:

[0014] 1. This utility model adds waste materials and catalysts to the reaction tank, maintains a high temperature for the materials inside the reaction tank through high-temperature reflux slag, and discharges the exhaust gas from the burner into the heat exchange jacket to further heat the materials inside the reaction tank. During the above process, the materials are stirred to ensure more thorough mixing, thereby ensuring that all materials are fully and evenly mixed and improving reaction efficiency. The 600-degree Celsius reflux high-temperature slag enters at the front end of the mixing reactor. Water in the inferior waste plastic reacts with high-temperature carbon powder to generate CO, and sulfur and chlorine in the inferior waste plastic are removed. Under the anaerobic 300-degree Celsius pyrolysis and reduction conditions and the action of the integrated catalyst, desulfurization and dechlorination are achieved, and carbon particle surface film formation is realized, reducing the impact on subsequent equipment. This invention achieves multiple functions such as waste plastic dehydration, dechlorination, and carbon particle surface film formation.

[0015] 2. This utility model slidably connects the stirring head to the end of the connecting rod, and two sets of scrapers are slidably connected to the bottom of the stirring head. This allows the scrapers to be quickly replaced after a certain period of use, and the stirring head can also be quickly replaced if it is damaged. This makes the reaction device more efficient in maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a front-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the stirring scraper of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the stirring head structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a bottom-view exploded view of the stirring scraper of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the stirring head of this utility model.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Reaction tank; 2. Feed inlet; 3. Reflux slag inlet; 4. Stirring drive assembly; 5. Stirring scraper; 6. Secondary pyrolysis gas inlet; 7. Heat exchange jacket; 8. Insulation layer; 9. Burner exhaust port; 10. Exhaust chimney; 11. Mixed material outlet; 12. Mixed gas outlet;

[0022] 501. Connecting rod; 502. Insert block; 503. Stirring head; 504. Scraper; 505. Limiting pin; 506. Top head. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0024] The embodiments of this utility model will be described below based on its overall structure.

[0025] A drying and dechlorination reactor for waste plastics, such as Figure 1-5 As shown, the reaction vessel includes a reaction tank 1. A mixed gas outlet 12 is located at the top of the reaction tank 1. A feed inlet 2 is located at the connection point between the reaction tank 1 and the mixed gas outlet 12. A secondary pyrolysis gas inlet 6 is located at the end of the outer wall of the reaction tank 1 away from the mixed gas outlet 12. A reflux slag inlet 3 is located next to the mixed gas outlet 12 on the outer wall of the reaction tank 1. An insulation layer 8 is fitted over the outer wall of the reaction tank 1. A heat exchange jacket 7 is provided between the insulation layer 8 and the reaction tank 1. The heat exchange jacket 7 is spirally wrapped around the outer wall of the reaction tank 1. A burner exhaust port 9 is located at one end of the heat exchange jacket 7, and a chimney 10 is connected to the other end of the heat exchange jacket 7. A mixed material outlet 11 is located at one end of the reaction tank 1. A stirring and transmission assembly 4 is provided on the inner wall of the reaction tank 1. Multiple sets of stirring scrapers 5 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stirring and transmission assembly 4.

[0026] Inferior waste plastics and catalysts are added to the inside of the reaction tank 1 through the feed port 2. 600°C reflux high-temperature slag enters at the front end of the mixing reactor through the reflux slag feed port 3. Water in the inferior waste plastics reacts with high-temperature carbon powder to generate CO. Sulfur and chlorine from the inferior waste plastics are also produced. Under anaerobic pyrolysis and reduction conditions at 300°C, and with the action of an integrated catalyst, desulfurization and dechlorination are achieved, resulting in carbon particle surface film formation. The oil-gas-water mixture generated during this process is discharged from the mixed gas outlet 12. The stirring drive assembly 4 drives the stirring scraper 5 to rotate, gently stirring the materials inside the reaction tank 1. The scraper 504 scrapes the inner wall of the reaction tank 1 to prevent partially melted plastic from adhering to the inner wall. During the reaction, the smoke from the burner enters the heat exchange jacket 7. Through the heat exchange jacket 7 spirally wrapped around the outer wall of the reaction tank, the heat energy in the burner smoke is transferred to the inside of the reaction tank, further heating the reaction tank.

[0027] Please refer to this carefully. Figure 4-5The stirring scraper 5 includes multiple sets of connecting rods 501, which are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stirring transmission assembly 4. Each set of connecting rods 501 has a fixedly connected insert block 502 at its end. A stirring head 503 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the insert block 502. Two sets of limiting pins 505 extending to the outside of the insert block 502 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the insert block 502. A return spring is fixedly connected between the two sets of limiting pins 505. The limiting pins 505 are located at the insert block 502. 2. One end of the outer part extends to the inner wall of the stirring head 503. The inner wall of the stirring head 503 is provided with a limiting groove that matches the limiting pin 505. A set of scrapers 504 are slidably connected to the bottom of the stirring head 503 at both sides. A top head 506 extending to the outside of the scraper 504 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the scraper 504. A support spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top head 506. The stirring head 503 has a groove that matches the top head 506 at the contact position with the scraper 504.

[0028] By pushing the two sets of limiting pins 505 closer together and compressing the return spring, the two sets of limiting pins 505 slide into the insert block 502 and separate from the stirring head 503. At this time, pulling the stirring head 503 separates it from the insert block 502. Then, releasing the limiting pins 505 causes the return spring to rebound and push the limiting pins 505 back to their original positions. Subsequently, the stirring head 503 can be easily replaced. By fitting the new stirring head 503 onto the outer wall of the insert block 502, and then pushing the two sets of limiting pins 505 from the bottom of the stirring head 503 into the insert block 502, the stirring head 503 is fully fitted onto the outer wall of the insert block 502. Then, the limiting pins 505 are released, allowing them to insert into the limiting groove, thus connecting the stirring head 503 and the insert block 502. After the stirring head 503 is removed, pushing the scraper 504 causes the scraper to... 504 drives the top head 506 to move, causing the top head 506 to be blocked by the groove. At this time, the top head 506 slides towards the inner wall of the scraper 504 and compresses the support spring. After the scraper 504 completely slides out of the stirring head 503, the support spring rebounds and pushes the scraper 504 back to its original position. Then, a new scraper 504 is inserted into the inner wall of the stirring head 503. After the top head 506 on the new scraper 504 contacts the stirring head 503, the top head 506 is pushed and slides into the scraper 504. When the top head 506 is aligned with the groove, the support spring rebounds and pushes the top head 506 into the groove. During the process of pulling the scraper 504 out of the stirring head 503, the support spring will be pushed. Therefore, during the disassembly of the scraper 504, it is necessary to overcome the elasticity of the support spring so that the scraper 504 will not separate from the stirring head 503 without manual pulling.

[0029] In use, waste materials and catalysts are added to the reaction tank 1. The high-temperature reflux slag keeps the materials inside the reaction tank 1 at a high temperature, and the exhaust gas from the burner is discharged into the heat exchange jacket 7 to further heat the materials inside the reaction tank 1. During the above process, the materials are stirred to ensure more thorough mixing, thereby ensuring that all materials are fully and evenly mixed and improving reaction efficiency. The 600-degree Celsius reflux high-temperature slag enters at the front end of the mixing reactor. Water in the inferior waste plastic reacts with high-temperature carbon powder to generate CO, and sulfur and chlorine in the inferior waste plastic are desulfurized and dechlorinated under anaerobic pyrolysis and reduction conditions at 300 degrees Celsius, and under the action of an integrated catalyst, desulfurization and dechlorination are achieved, and carbon particle surface film formation is realized, reducing the impact on subsequent equipment. This device realizes multiple functions such as waste plastic dehydration, dechlorination, and carbon particle surface film formation. The parts not involved in this device are the same as or can be implemented using existing technologies.

[0030] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions, and variations to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, provided that such modifications, substitutions, and variations are within the scope of the claims of the present invention and are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. A drying and dechlorination reactor for waste plastics, comprising a reaction tank (1), characterized in that: The top of the reaction vessel (1) is provided with a mixed gas outlet (12), and the reaction vessel (1) is provided with a feeding port (2) at the connection with the mixed gas outlet (12). The outer wall of the reaction vessel (1) away from the mixed gas outlet (12) is provided with a secondary cracking gas inlet (6). The outer wall of the reaction vessel (1) is provided with a reflux slag material feeding port (3) located next to the mixed gas outlet (12). The outer wall of the reaction vessel (1) is covered with a heat insulation layer (8). The heat insulation layer (8) and the reaction vessel are connected together. A heat exchange jacket (7) is provided between the barrels (1). The heat exchange jacket (7) is spirally wrapped around the outer wall of the reaction barrel (1). One end of the heat exchange jacket (7) is provided with a burner exhaust port (9). The other end of the heat exchange jacket (7) is connected to an exhaust chimney (10). One end of the reaction barrel (1) is provided with a mixture discharge port (11). The inner wall of the reaction barrel (1) is provided with a stirring transmission assembly (4). Multiple sets of stirring scrapers (5) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stirring transmission assembly (4).

2. The drying and dechlorination reactor for waste plastics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring scraper (5) includes multiple sets of connecting rods (501), which are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stirring transmission assembly (4).

3. The drying and dechlorination reactor for waste plastics according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each set of connecting rods (501) is fixedly connected to a set of inserts (502) at its end, and a stirring head (503) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the inserts (502).

4. A drying and dechlorination reactor for waste plastics according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the insert (502) is slidably connected with two sets of limiting pins (505) extending to the outside of the insert (502), and a return spring is fixedly connected between the two sets of limiting pins (505).

5. A drying and dechlorination reactor for waste plastics according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the limiting pin (505) located outside the insert block (502) extends to the inner wall of the stirring head (503), and the inner wall of the stirring head (503) is provided with a limiting groove that matches the limiting pin (505).

6. A drying and dechlorination reactor for waste plastics according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom end of the stirring head (503) can be slidably connected to a set of scrapers (504) on both sides, and the inner wall of the scraper (504) is slidably connected to a top head (506) extending to the outside of the scraper (504).

7. A drying and dechlorination reactor for waste plastics according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom end of the top head (506) is fixedly connected to a support spring, and the stirring head (503) has a groove that matches the top head (506) at the contact position with the scraper (504).

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