Electromagnetic clutch, transmission device and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electromagnetic clutch, a transmission device and a vehicle. The gear switching piece is arranged on the transmission shaft in a sliding mode in the axial direction of the transmission shaft and rotates synchronously with the transmission shaft; the excitation mechanism comprises two excitation parts which are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the transmission shaft, the gear switching part comprises an electromagnetic induction part located between the two excitation parts, and the excitation parts are used for driving the electromagnetic induction part to move in the axial direction of the transmission shaft so as to drive the gear switching part to be switched between different gears. According to the electromagnetic clutch, the two excitation pieces can share the same electromagnetic induction part to drive the gear switching piece to move in the two opposite directions in the axial direction of the transmission shaft, that is, only one electromagnetic induction part needs to be arranged on the gear switching piece, and the electromagnetic induction part is arranged on the gear switching piece. Therefore, the structure of the gear switching piece can be simplified, the cost of the gear switching piece is reduced, and the electromagnetic clutch is simple in structure and low in production cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to an electromagnetic clutch, a transmission device, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In automotive powertrains, gear shifting devices are typically included. Electromagnetic clutches, due to their high-speed response and durability, are widely used in these devices. Specifically, an electromagnetic clutch uses electromagnetic induction to drive a sliding sleeve to engage with different transmission components, thus achieving gear shifting. However, the electromagnetic induction components in these technologies have numerous parts and a relatively complex structure, thus requiring improvement. Utility Model Content

[0003] The first aspect of this utility model proposes an electromagnetic clutch, which has the advantages of simple structure and low production cost.

[0004] An electromagnetic clutch according to a first aspect of the present invention includes: a drive shaft; a gear shifting member slidably disposed on the drive shaft along the axial direction of the drive shaft and rotating synchronously with the drive shaft; and an excitation mechanism including two excitation elements spaced apart along the axial direction of the drive shaft, wherein the gear shifting member includes an electromagnetic induction part located between the two excitation elements, and the excitation elements are used to drive the electromagnetic induction part to move along the axial direction of the drive shaft to drive the gear shifting member to switch between different gears.

[0005] According to the first aspect of the present invention, in the electromagnetic clutch, two excitation elements can share the same electromagnetic induction unit to drive the gear shifting element to move in opposite directions along the axial direction of the transmission shaft. That is, only one electromagnetic induction unit needs to be provided on the gear shifting element, thereby simplifying the structure of the gear shifting element and reducing its cost, making the electromagnetic clutch simple in structure and low in production cost.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the gear shifting component includes a sliding sleeve sleeved on the outer periphery of the transmission shaft, the excitation component is annular and sleeved on the sliding sleeve, and the electromagnetic induction part is disposed on the outer periphery of the sliding sleeve.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the electromagnetic induction part is located in the middle of the sliding sleeve in the axial direction of the transmission shaft; and / or, the two excitation elements are symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the electromagnetic induction part.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the excitation component includes a housing, an excitation coil, and a retaining member. In the axial direction of the transmission shaft, the housing has a receiving groove that opens toward the electromagnetic induction part. The excitation coil is disposed in the receiving groove. The retaining member is detachably disposed at the opening of the receiving groove and located on the side of the excitation coil toward the electromagnetic induction part.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a first slot and a second slot are formed on opposite sides of the receiving groove in the radial direction of the transmission shaft. The retaining member includes a first retaining ring and a second retaining ring arranged at intervals. A portion of the first retaining ring is inserted into the first slot and another portion abuts against the excitation coil along the axial direction of the transmission shaft. A portion of the second retaining ring is inserted into the second slot and another portion abuts against the excitation coil along the axial direction of the transmission shaft.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the electromagnetic induction unit includes a main body and two induction protrusions disposed on the two sides of the main body on the axial direction of the transmission shaft. The projection of the induction protrusions on the reference surface is located within the projection of the receiving groove on the reference surface, and the reference surface is perpendicular to the axial direction of the transmission shaft.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the electromagnetic induction unit and the excitation unit are arranged at intervals.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the transmission shaft includes a shaft body and a plurality of first splines disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body, the gear shifting component includes a sliding sleeve and a plurality of second splines disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the sliding sleeve, the transmission shaft passes through the sliding sleeve and the plurality of second splines slide in axial engagement with the plurality of first splines.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the circumferential direction of the transmission shaft, the ratio between the size of the second spline and the inner circumference of the sleeve ranges from 1 / 6 to 1 / 16; and / or, the size of the second spline in the axial direction of the transmission shaft ranges from 14 to 18 mm, and the height of the second spline protruding from the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve in the radial direction of the transmission shaft ranges from 6 to 8 mm.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the electromagnetic clutch further includes a reset mechanism, which includes two sets of reset components symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the second spline on the axial direction of the transmission shaft. The reset components are used to drive the second spline to move toward the other set of reset components.

[0015] The second aspect of this utility model proposes a transmission device.

[0016] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a transmission device includes: the aforementioned electromagnetic clutch; a first transmission member and a second transmission member, wherein the excitation mechanism is used to drive the gear shifting member to engage with the first transmission member or the second transmission member, and the transmission ratio between the gear shifting member and the first transmission member and the transmission ratio between the gear shifting member and the second transmission member are different.

[0017] According to the transmission device of the second aspect of the present invention, the two excitation elements can share the same electromagnetic induction unit to drive the gear shifting element to move in opposite directions along the axial direction of the transmission shaft. That is, only one electromagnetic induction unit needs to be provided on the gear shifting element, thereby simplifying the structure of the gear shifting element and reducing its cost, making the electromagnetic clutch simple in structure and low in production cost.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the axial direction of the transmission shaft, the first transmission member and the second transmission member are rotatably disposed on the transmission shaft and located on opposite sides of the gear shifting member. The two end faces of the gear shifting member are respectively formed with a first mating tooth and a second mating tooth. The end face of the first transmission member facing the gear shifting member is formed with a third mating tooth that meshes with the first mating tooth. The end face of the second transmission member facing the gear shifting member is formed with a fourth mating tooth that meshes with the second mating tooth.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the axial direction of the transmission shaft, the dimensions of the first mating tooth, the second mating tooth, the third mating tooth, and the fourth mating tooth in the circumferential direction of the transmission shaft remain unchanged; or, the first mating tooth, the second mating tooth, the third mating tooth, and the fourth mating tooth on opposite sides in the circumferential direction of the transmission shaft extend obliquely toward each other in the direction from the free end to the fixed end.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, when the gear shifting component is engaged with the first transmission component or the second transmission component, the interval between the electromagnetic induction part and the excitation component is 0.4-0.8 mm.

[0021] The third aspect of this utility model proposes a vehicle.

[0022] The vehicle according to a third aspect of the present invention includes: the above-described transmission device.

[0023] According to the vehicle of the third aspect embodiment of the present invention, the two excitation components can share the same electromagnetic induction unit to drive the gear shifting component to move in opposite directions along the axial direction of the transmission shaft. That is, only one electromagnetic induction unit needs to be provided on the gear shifting component, thereby simplifying the structure of the gear shifting component and reducing its cost, making the electromagnetic clutch simple in structure and low in production cost.

[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic clutch according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of region A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive shaft of the electromagnetic clutch according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gear shifting component of an electromagnetic clutch according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first mating gear shaft side of the gear shifting component of the electromagnetic clutch according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the gear shifting component of the electromagnetic clutch according to an embodiment of the present utility model in the radial direction of the transmission shaft;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the return spring of the electromagnetic clutch according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure plate of an electromagnetic clutch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a partial sectional view of the pressure plate and drive shaft of an electromagnetic clutch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure plate of an electromagnetic clutch according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a partial sectional view of the pressure plate and drive shaft of an electromagnetic clutch according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the housing of the excitation component of the electromagnetic clutch according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0037] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the first retaining ring of the electromagnetic clutch according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0038] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the second retaining ring of the electromagnetic clutch according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0039] Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional view of the transmission device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0040] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission device in the first gear position according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0041] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission device in the second gear position according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0042] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the first gear of the transmission device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0043] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the first driven disc of the transmission device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0044] Figure 20 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the first driven disc of the transmission device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0045] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the second gear of the transmission device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0046] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the second driven disc of the transmission device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0047] Figure 23 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the second driven disc of the transmission device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0048] Figure label:

[0049] 100. Transmission device; 10. Electromagnetic clutch; 1. Drive shaft; 11. Shaft body; 111. Limiting step; 12. First spline; 2. Gear shifting component; 21. Sliding sleeve; 211. First mating tooth; 212. Second mating tooth; 22. Second spline; 23. Electromagnetic induction unit; 231. Main body; 232. Induction protrusion; 3. Excitation component; 31. Housing; 311. Receiving groove; 312. First slot; 313. Second slot; 32, excitation coil; 33, first retaining ring; 34, second retaining ring; 4, reset assembly; 41, pressure plate; 411, limiting protrusion; 412, annular protrusion; 42, reset spring; 20, first transmission component; 20a, third mating gear; 210, first gear; 220, first driven plate; 30, second transmission component; 30a, fourth mating gear; 310, second gear; 320, second driven plate. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0051] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. Such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed.

[0052] The electromagnetic clutch 10 according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] like Figures 1 to 14 As shown, the electromagnetic clutch 10 according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention includes: a drive shaft 1, a gear shifting component 2, and an excitation mechanism. The gear shifting component 2 is slidably disposed on the drive shaft 1 along the axial direction of the drive shaft 1 and rotates synchronously with the drive shaft 1. The excitation mechanism includes two excitation elements 3 arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the drive shaft 1. The gear shifting component 2 includes an electromagnetic induction part 23 located between the two excitation elements 3. The excitation elements 3 are used to drive the electromagnetic induction part 23 to move along the axial direction of the drive shaft 1 to drive the gear shifting component 2 to switch between different gears. It can be understood that the different gears here refer to multiple different states in which the electromagnetic clutch 10 outputs different torques. The excitation elements 3 can be energized to generate magnetic force, thereby attracting the electromagnetic induction part 23 closer. The two excitation elements 3 located on opposite sides of the electromagnetic induction part 23 can drive the gear shifting component 2 to move in opposite directions through the electromagnetic induction part 23 to control the gear shifting component 2 to switch between different gears. In other words, the two excitation elements 3 can share the same electromagnetic induction unit 23 to drive the gear shifting element 2 to move in opposite directions along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1. That is, only one electromagnetic induction unit 23 needs to be provided on the gear shifting element 2, thereby simplifying the structure of the gear shifting element 2 and reducing its cost, making the electromagnetic clutch 10 simple in structure and low in production cost.

[0054] According to the electromagnetic clutch 10 of the first aspect of the present invention, the two excitation elements 3 can share the same electromagnetic induction unit 23 to drive the gear shifting element 2 to move in opposite directions along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1. That is, only one electromagnetic induction unit 23 needs to be provided on the gear shifting element 2, thereby simplifying the structure of the gear shifting element 2 and reducing the cost of the gear shifting element 2, making the electromagnetic clutch 10 simple in structure and low in production cost.

[0055] In a specific example, the electromagnetic induction part 23 is made of steel or iron to ensure that the magnetic field generated by the excitation element 3 can attract the electromagnetic induction part 23. It should be noted that this is only an example of some optional materials for the electromagnetic induction part 23 to facilitate understanding of the cooperation between the excitation element 3 and the electromagnetic induction part 23. As long as the electromagnetic induction part 23 can be attracted by the magnetic field, there are no specific restrictions on the material of the electromagnetic induction part 23.

[0056] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the gear shifting component 2 includes a sliding sleeve 21 sleeved on the outer periphery of the drive shaft 1, an excitation element 3 in the shape of an annulus and sleeved on the sliding sleeve 21, and an electromagnetic induction part 23 disposed on the outer periphery of the sliding sleeve 21. That is, the excitation element 3 surrounds the outer periphery of the sliding sleeve 21, thereby ensuring that the excitation element 3 can uniformly apply magnetic force to the electromagnetic induction part 23 in the circumferential direction, thereby improving the stability of the excitation element 3 driving the gear shifting component 2 to move. In addition, the excitation element 3 and the electromagnetic induction part 23 can make full use of the space on the outer periphery, thereby reducing the axial dimension of the electromagnetic clutch 10. In a specific example, the electromagnetic induction part 23 is in the shape of an annulus surrounding the outer periphery of the sliding sleeve 21, thereby increasing the mating area between the excitation element 3 and the electromagnetic induction part 23, thereby increasing the driving force of the excitation element 3 on the gear shifting component 2.

[0057] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the electromagnetic induction unit 23 is located at the middle of the sliding sleeve 21 in the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1. That is, in the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1, the distance between the electromagnetic induction unit 23 and both ends of the sliding sleeve 21 is the same, which facilitates the control of the sliding distance of the gear shifting member 2 when switching between different gears, thereby improving the movement accuracy of the gear shifting member 2.

[0058] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the two excitation elements 3 are symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the electromagnetic induction unit 23. Here, symmetrical distribution means that when the gear shifting element 2 is in the neutral position, that is, when the gear shifting element 2 is in the neutral position, the distance between the two excitation elements 3 and the electromagnetic induction unit 23 is the same, which can reduce the difficulty of controlling the current of the two excitation elements 3.

[0059] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the excitation component 3 includes a housing 31, an excitation coil 32, and a retaining member. In the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1, the housing 31 has a receiving groove 311 open towards the electromagnetic induction unit 23. The excitation coil 32 is disposed within the receiving groove 311. The retaining member is detachably disposed at the opening of the receiving groove 311 and located on the side of the excitation coil 32 facing the electromagnetic induction unit 23. That is, during the assembly of the excitation component 3, after the excitation coil 32 is placed into the housing 31 through the opening of the receiving groove 311, the retaining member can be installed in the housing 31 to retain the excitation coil 32 within the receiving groove 311, preventing it from detaching. This significantly reduces the assembly difficulty of the excitation component 3, and the detachable retaining member facilitates later maintenance and repair, resulting in low operating costs. The excitation coil 32 is made of several turns of copper wire with insulating varnish, and the outer ring has a low-voltage power interface for supplying DC power to the excitation coil 32.

[0060] According to some embodiments of this utility model, a first retaining groove 312 and a second retaining groove 313 are formed on opposite sides of the receiving groove 311 in the radial direction of the transmission shaft 1. The retaining member includes a first retaining ring 33 and a second retaining ring 34 arranged at intervals. Part of the first retaining ring 33 is inserted into the first retaining groove 312 and the other part abuts against the excitation coil 32 along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1. Part of the second retaining ring 34 is inserted into the second retaining groove 313 and the other part abuts against the excitation coil 32 along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1. That is, after the excitation coil 32 is installed into the housing 31, the first retaining ring 33 and the second retaining ring 34 can be secured to the housing 31 by the first retaining groove 312 and the second retaining groove 313 respectively. By setting the first retaining groove 312 and the second retaining groove 313, the positioning process of installing the first retaining ring 33 and the second retaining ring 34 onto the housing 31 is eliminated, and the difficulty of fixing the first retaining ring 33 and the second retaining ring 34 onto the housing 31 is simplified. Therefore, the structure and assembly process of the retainer can be simplified, thereby reducing the cost of the retainer and making it easier to reduce the assembly difficulty of the excitation component 3.

[0061] In a specific example, the first slot 312 is located outside the second slot 313. Both the first slot 312 and the second slot 313 are formed as annular rings extending circumferentially along the drive shaft 1. The diameter of the first retaining ring 33 is larger than the diameter of the second retaining ring 34. The first retaining ring 33 and the second retaining ring 34 are formed as circular open retaining rings, so that the first retaining ring 33 and the second retaining ring 34 can be deformed at the notch position to be inserted into or removed from the first slot 312 and the second slot 313, thereby reducing the difficulty of installing and removing the first retaining ring 33 and the second retaining ring 34.

[0062] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the electromagnetic induction unit 23 includes a main body 231 and two induction protrusions 232 disposed on the two axially upward sides of the main body 231 on both sides of the drive shaft 1. The projection of the induction protrusions 232 on the reference surface is located within the projection of the receiving groove 311 on the reference surface, and the reference surface is perpendicular to the axial direction of the drive shaft 1. Thus, by providing the induction protrusions 232, the magnetic lines of force at the electromagnetic induction unit 23 can be effectively altered to increase the effective magnetic flux flowing to the housing 31. This avoids leakage magnetic field affecting the electromagnetic force of the excitation element 3 on the electromagnetic induction unit 23, thereby improving the driving force of the excitation element 3 on the electromagnetic induction unit 23.

[0063] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the electromagnetic induction unit 23 and the excitation element 3 are arranged at a distance. That is, during the process of the excitation element 3 being energized to attract the electromagnetic induction unit 23 and during the process of the excitation element 3 being de-energized, the electromagnetic induction unit 23 and the excitation element 3 do not come into contact. As a result, it is possible to avoid the electromagnetic induction unit 23 interfering with the rotation of the gear shifting element 2 due to contact with the excitation element 3, and at the same time, it is possible to avoid frictional damage.

[0064] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the transmission shaft 1 includes a shaft body 11 and a plurality of first splines 12 disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body 11, and the gear shifting component 2 includes a sliding sleeve 21 and a plurality of second splines 22 disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the sliding sleeve 21. The transmission shaft 1 passes through the sliding sleeve 21 and the plurality of second splines 22 and the plurality of first splines 12 slide in axial direction.

[0065] In other words, the gear shifter 2 and the drive shaft 1 rotate synchronously through the engagement of the first spline 12 and the second spline 22. Simultaneously, the gear shifter 2 can slide axially relative to the drive shaft 1, thereby connecting the gear shifter 2 with different transmission components to achieve different torque outputs. Specifically, each first spline 12 is clearance-fitted between two adjacent second splines 22, and each second spline 22 is clearance-fitted between two adjacent first splines 12. This allows the first spline 12 to push the second spline 22, thus driving the gear shifter 2 to rotate synchronously, while the clearance between the first spline 12 and the second spline 22 allows for axial relative sliding. Furthermore, the mutual guiding effect of the first spline 12 and the second spline 22 effectively avoids the risk of jamming during the sliding process of the gear shifter 2 relative to the drive shaft 1, ensuring smooth shifting between different gears.

[0066] In a specific example, in the circumferential direction of the drive shaft 1, a plurality of first splines 12 are evenly spaced on the outer circumferential surface of the shaft body 11, and a plurality of second splines 22 are evenly spaced on the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve 21. Both the first splines 12 and the second splines 22 are trapezoidal teeth. That is, in the direction toward the shaft body 11, the width of the first spline 12 in the circumferential direction of the drive shaft 1 gradually increases, and the width of the second spline 22 in the circumferential direction of the drive shaft 1 gradually increases, thereby improving the load capacity of the first spline 12 and the second spline 22.

[0067] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the ratio between the size of the second spline 22 and the inner circumference of the sliding sleeve 21 in the circumferential direction of the drive shaft 1 ranges from 1 / 6 to 1 / 16. It is understood that the smaller the ratio, the smaller the size of the second spline 22 in the circumferential direction of the drive shaft 1, the smaller the connection area between the second spline 22 and the sliding sleeve 21, but the more second splines 22 can be provided, and the stress can be better distributed across multiple second splines 22. Conversely, the larger the ratio, the larger the size of the second spline 22 in the circumferential direction of the drive shaft 1, the larger the connection area between the second spline 22 and the sliding sleeve 21, but the fewer second splines 22 can be provided, and the stress on each second spline 22 is more concentrated. Therefore, controlling the ratio between the size of the second spline 22 and the inner circumference of the sliding sleeve 21 within the range of 1 / 6 to 1 / 16 can prevent the second spline 22 from being too large or too small, thus avoiding affecting its rigidity and extending the service life of the gear shifting component 2. The ratio between the size of the second spline 22 and the inner circumference of the sliding sleeve 21 can be 1 / 6, 1 / 7, 1 / 8, 1 / 9, 1 / 10, 1 / 11, 1 / 12, 1 / 13, 1 / 14, 1 / 15, 1 / 16, etc., and no specific restrictions are imposed here.

[0068] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the axial dimension of the second spline 22 on the drive shaft 1 ranges from 14-18 mm, and the radial height of the second spline 22 protruding from the inner circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve 21 on the drive shaft 1 ranges from 6-8 mm. That is, the length of the second spline 22 (e.g., Figure 2 The L shown is controlled within the range of 14mm to 18mm, and the height of the second spline 22 (as shown) is controlled within the range of 14mm to 18mm. Figure 2The length (H) shown is controlled within the range of 6mm to 8mm. It is understandable that the smaller the length and height of the second spline 22, the smaller its stiffness and the smaller the mating area with the first spline 12, but the more space it occupies; conversely, the larger the length and height of the second spline 22, the larger its stiffness and the larger the mating area with the first spline 12, but the less space it occupies. Therefore, controlling the length of the second spline 22 within the range of 14mm to 18mm and the height within the range of 6mm to 8mm avoids the second spline 22 being too small, affecting its stiffness and the mating area with the first spline 12, while also preventing the second spline 22 from being too large and occupying excessive space. The length of the second spline 22 can be 14mm, 14.5mm, 15mm, 15.5mm, 16mm, 16.5mm, 17mm, 17.5mm, 18mm, etc., and the height of the second spline 22 can be 6mm, 6.2mm, 6.5mm, 6.8mm, 7mm, 7.3mm, 7.5mm, 7.7mm, 8mm, etc., without specific limitations.

[0069] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the electromagnetic clutch 10 further includes a reset mechanism. The reset mechanism includes two sets of reset components 4 symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the second spline 22 along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1. The reset components 4 are used to drive the second spline 22 to move towards the other set of reset components 4. That is, under the action of the two reset components 4 located on both sides of the second spline 22, through contact with the second spline 22, there is a tendency to push the second spline 22 towards the center position between the two sets of reset components 4, thereby keeping the gear shifting member 2 in the neutral position spaced apart from the transmission members on both sides.

[0070] Furthermore, the reset assembly 4 includes a pressure plate 41 and a reset spring 42. The pressure plate 41 is disposed on the shaft 11 and spaced apart from the second spline 22. The reset spring 42 is disposed along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1 between the pressure plate 41 and the second spline 22, with its two ends abutting against the pressure plate 41 and the second spline 22 respectively. That is, under the reverse action of the pressure plate 41, the two reset springs 42 located on both sides of the second spline 22 tend to push the second spline 22 toward the center position between the two sets of reset assemblies 42 through contact with the second spline 22, thereby keeping the gear shifting component 2 in the neutral position spaced apart from the transmission components on both sides.

[0071] Therefore, by setting the reset assembly 4 on opposite sides of the second spline 22 in the axial direction of the drive shaft 1, it is possible to avoid setting a structure for the reset spring 42 on the second spline 22, thereby simplifying the structure of the gear shifting component 2 and reducing the processing difficulty of the gear shifting component 2. At the same time, the reset assembly 4 can make full use of the space on both sides of the second spline 22 in the axial direction of the drive shaft 1, making the overall structure of the electromagnetic clutch 10 simple and compact.

[0072] Specifically, if Figure 16 As shown, after the excitation mechanism drives the gear shifter 2 to move to the left, engaging the gear shifter 2 with the transmission component on the left, i.e., the first transmission component 20, when it is necessary to shift the gear shifter 2 to the neutral position, the excitation mechanism is de-energized, causing the driving force exerted by the excitation mechanism on the gear shifter 2 to the left to disappear. Then, the reset spring 42 on the left can push the second spline 22 to the right, thereby releasing the engagement between the gear shifter 2 and the first transmission component 20. At the same time, the reset spring 42 on the right side of the second spline 22, together with the reset spring 42 on the left side of the second spline 22, can keep the gear shifter 2 in the center position between the two sets of reset components 4, that is, the gear shifter 2 is in the neutral position.

[0073] According to some embodiments of this utility model, in the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1, the length of the second spline 22 is not greater than the length of the first spline 12, and the end of the return spring 42 away from the pressure plate 41 abuts against the first spline 12. That is, the length of the second spline 22 in the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1 is less than the length of the first spline 12 in the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1. When the gear shifting member 2 is in the neutral position, in the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1, the end of the return spring 42 away from the pressure plate 41 abuts against the first spline 12; or the length of the second spline 22 in the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1 is the same as the length of the first spline 12 in the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1. When the gear shifting member 2 is in the neutral position, in the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1, the end of the return spring 42 away from the pressure plate 41 abuts against the side of both the first spline 12 and the second spline 22. Therefore, the first spline 12 can effectively limit the travel of the return spring 42. That is, the return spring 42 can only push the second spline 22 to move until its two sides are flush with the two sides of the first spline 12. This can prevent the difference in stiffness between the return springs 42 on both sides of the second spline 22 from affecting the gear shifter 2 in the neutral position, thereby improving the accuracy of the gear shifter 2 in the neutral position.

[0074] Specifically, after the excitation mechanism drives the gear shifter 2 to move to the left, engaging the gear shifter 2 with the left-side transmission component, i.e., the first transmission component 20, the left end of the second spline 22 extends out of the left side of the first spline 12. When it is necessary to switch the gear shifter 2 to the neutral position, the excitation mechanism is de-energized, causing the driving force exerted by the excitation mechanism on the gear shifter 2 to the left to disappear. Then, the reset spring 42 on the left can push the second spline 22 to the right, thereby disengaging the gear shifter 2 from the first transmission component 20. Furthermore, the reset spring 42 on the left can push the second spline 22 to a state where the left side of the second spline 22 is flush with the left side of the first spline 12. Similarly, the reset spring 42 on the right can push the second spline 22 to a state where the right side of the second spline 22 is flush with the right side of the first spline 12.

[0075] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the return spring 42 is sleeved on the shaft 11 and located on the inner circumference of the sliding sleeve 21. That is, the return spring 42 surrounds the outer circumference of the shaft 11, so that the return spring 42 can simultaneously provide driving force to multiple second splines 22 arranged circumferentially along the transmission shaft 1. This can effectively reduce the number of return springs 42, thereby reducing the installation difficulty of the reset mechanism and improving the assembly efficiency of the electromagnetic clutch 10. In a specific example, each set of reset components 4 includes only one return spring 42. In the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1, the size of the second spline 22 is smaller than the size of the sliding sleeve 21, and the distance between the two pressure plates 41 is larger than the size of the sliding sleeve 21. Therefore, after the gear shifting component 2 is installed on the transmission shaft 1, operating space can be provided on both sides of the sliding sleeve 21 for the installation of the pressure plates 41, thereby reducing the installation difficulty of the pressure plates 41.

[0076] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the distance between the inner peripheral edge of the return spring 42 and the sliding sleeve 21 is not greater than the height of the second spline 22 protruding from the inner peripheral surface of the sliding sleeve 21. That is, in the radial direction of the transmission shaft 1, the inner peripheral edge of the return spring 42 is flush with the edge of the second spline 22 away from the sliding sleeve 21, or the inner peripheral edge of the return spring 42 does not exceed the edge of the second spline 22 away from the sliding sleeve 21. Therefore, when the second spline 22 contacts the return spring 42, it is ensured that the second spline 22 can completely cover the return spring 42 in the radial direction of the transmission shaft 1, thereby ensuring that the return spring 42 can be evenly stressed in the radial direction of the transmission shaft 1, so as to avoid the return spring 42 tilting due to uneven stress, which is beneficial to improving the structural stability of the return spring 42.

[0077] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the return spring 42 is a flat helical spring. It is understood that the flat helical spring is made of flat steel wire wound together, so that both axial end faces of the flat helical spring are flat. This increases the contact area between the return spring 42 and the pressure plate 41 and the second spline 22, thereby improving the stability of the return spring 42 in supporting the second spline 22.

[0078] According to some embodiments of this utility model, an annular protrusion 412 is formed on the side of the pressure plate 41 facing the first spline 12, and the end of the return spring 42 away from the first spline 12 is sleeved on the annular protrusion 412. Thus, the annular protrusion 412 can effectively limit the return spring 42 to ensure the stability of the connection between the return spring 42 and the pressure plate 41, and at the same time, it can prevent the return spring 42 from radially offset to ensure stable support for the second spline 22.

[0079] According to some embodiments of this utility model, a limiting step 111 is formed on the shaft 11, and at least a portion of the pressure plate 41 abuts against the limiting step 111 along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1. That is, at least a portion of the pressure plate 41 and the limiting step 111 are arranged opposite to and abut against each other along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1, thereby effectively restricting the movement of the pressure plate 41 on the shaft 11 through the limiting step 111, achieving the positioning of the pressure plate 41 on the shaft 11 and improving the connection strength between the pressure plate 41 and the shaft 11. The pressure plate 41 can be press-fitted to the shaft 11 with an interference fit, simplifying the assembly process.

[0080] In a specific example, the pressure plate 41 is annular and sleeved on the shaft 11. A limiting protrusion 411 is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the inner ring of the pressure plate 41. The limiting protrusion 411 and the limiting step 111 abut against each other along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1 to achieve positioning of the pressure plate 41 when it is installed on the shaft 11.

[0081] In another specific example, the pressure plate 41 is annular and sleeved on the shaft 11. The inner circumferential surface of the inner ring of the pressure plate 41 is a smooth hole. The inner ring of the pressure plate 41 abuts against the limiting step 111 along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1 to achieve positioning of the pressure plate 41 when it is installed on the shaft 11.

[0082] According to some embodiments of this utility model, when the gear shifting component 2 engages with the first transmission component 20 or the second transmission component 30, the distance between the electromagnetic induction unit 23 and the excitation component 3 is 0.4-0.8 mm. On the one hand, this avoids the situation where the distance between the electromagnetic induction unit 23 and the excitation component 3 is too small, causing the gear shifting component 2 to contact the excitation component 3 during vibration. On the other hand, it avoids the situation where the distance between the electromagnetic induction unit 23 and the excitation component 3 is too large, occupying too much space and requiring the excitation component 3 to output a larger electromagnetic force. The distance between the electromagnetic induction unit 23 and the excitation component 3 can be 0.4 mm, 0.45 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.55 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.65 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, etc., and no specific limitation is made here.

[0083] The transmission device 100 according to a second aspect embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0084] like Figures 15-23 As shown, the transmission device 100 according to a second aspect embodiment of the present invention includes: an electromagnetic clutch 10, a first transmission member 20, and a second transmission member 30. An excitation mechanism is used to drive a gear shifting member 2 to engage with either the first transmission member 20 or the second transmission member 30. The transmission ratio between the gear shifting member 2 and the first transmission member 20 is different from the transmission ratio between the gear shifting member 2 and the second transmission member 30. That is, the excitation mechanism can drive the gear shifting member 2 to engage with the first transmission member 20, so that torque is output through the first transmission member 20. At this time, the transmission device 100 is in the first gear. The excitation mechanism can also drive the gear shifting member 2 to engage with the second transmission member 30, so that torque is output through the second transmission member 30. At this time, the transmission device 100 is in the second gear. Because the transmission ratio between the gear shifting member 2 and the first transmission member 20 is different from the transmission ratio between the gear shifting member 2 and the second transmission member 30, the torque output by the transmission device 100 in the first gear and the second gear is different, thus enabling the transmission device 100 to achieve different torque outputs.

[0085] According to the transmission device 100 of the second aspect embodiment of the present invention, the two excitation elements 3 can share the same electromagnetic induction unit 23 to drive the gear shifting element 2 to move in opposite directions along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1. That is, only one electromagnetic induction unit 23 needs to be provided on the gear shifting element 2, thereby simplifying the structure of the gear shifting element 2 and reducing the cost of the gear shifting element 2, making the structure of the electromagnetic clutch 10 simple and the production cost low.

[0086] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1, the first transmission member 20 and the second transmission member 30 are rotatably disposed on the shaft body 11 and located on opposite sides of the gear shifting member 2. The two end faces of the gear shifting member 2 are respectively formed with a first mating tooth 211 and a second mating tooth 212. The end face of the first transmission member 20 facing the gear shifting member 2 is formed with a third mating tooth 20a that meshes with the first mating tooth 211. The end face of the second transmission member 30 facing the gear shifting member 2 is formed with a fourth mating tooth 30a that meshes with the second mating tooth 212.

[0087] The first mating tooth 211, the second mating tooth 212, the third mating tooth 20a, and the fourth mating tooth 30a all extend axially along the transmission shaft 1. Therefore, after the first mating tooth 211 engages with the third mating tooth 20a and the second mating tooth 212 engages with the fourth mating tooth 30a, the contact area between the first mating tooth 211 and the third mating tooth 20a, as well as the contact area between the second mating tooth 212 and the fourth mating tooth 30a, can be increased, thereby improving the transmission stability between the gear shifting component 2 and the first transmission component 20 and the second transmission component 30.

[0088] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the first mating tooth 211, the second mating tooth 212, the third mating tooth 20a, and the fourth mating tooth 30a are all straight tooth profiles. This reduces the frictional force when the first mating tooth 211 disengages from the third mating tooth 20a and when the second mating tooth 212 disengages from the fourth mating tooth 30a. When the driving force of the excitation mechanism on the gear shifting component 2 disappears, the gear shifting component 2 can disengage from the third mating tooth 20a or the fourth mating tooth 30a under the action of the return spring 42.

[0089] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the first mating tooth 211, the second mating tooth 212, the third mating tooth 20a, and the fourth mating tooth 30a extend obliquely towards each other on opposite sides of the transmission shaft 1 in the direction from the free end to the fixed end. Therefore, after the excitation mechanism drives the gear shifting component 2 to engage with the first transmission component 20 or the second transmission component 30, the first transmission component 20 or the second transmission component 30 rotates synchronously with the gear shifting component 2 under the drive of the gear shifting component 2. Taking the engagement of the first transmission component 20 with the gear shifting component 2 as an example, at this time, the first mating tooth 211 and the third mating tooth 20a abut against each other in the circumferential direction of the transmission shaft 1, and the first mating tooth 211 pushes the third mating tooth 20a to rotate, thereby driving the first transmission component 20 to rotate. Since the sides of the first mating tooth 211 and the third mating tooth 20a that abut against each other are both formed as inclined surfaces, This allows the first mating tooth 211 and the third mating tooth 20a to form an axial engagement structure on the transmission shaft 1, thereby preventing the first mating tooth 211 from disengaging from the third mating tooth 20a. Similarly, by engaging the second mating tooth 212 and the fourth mating tooth 20b along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1, the second mating tooth 212 from disengaging from the fourth mating tooth 30a can be prevented. Thus, after the gear shifting component 2 engages with the first transmission component 20 or the second transmission component 30, the magnetic force of the excitation component 3 can be reduced or the excitation component 3 can be de-energized, thereby reducing the power consumption of the electromagnetic clutch 10 in the first gear or the second gear.

[0090] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first transmission member 20 includes a first gear 210 and a first driven disc 220, which are independently formed and connected. The first gear 210 is rotatably mounted on the shaft 11, and a needle roller bearing is provided between the first gear 210 and the shaft 11. The first driven disc 220 rotates synchronously with the first gear 210 and is adapted to engage with the gear shifting member 2. The second transmission member 30 includes a second gear 310 and a second driven disc 320, which are independently formed and connected. The second gear 310 is rotatably mounted on the shaft 11, and a needle roller bearing is provided between the second gear 310 and the shaft 11. The second driven disc 320 rotates synchronously with the second gear 310 and is adapted to engage with the gear shifting member 2.

[0091] The first gear 210 and the first driven disc 220, and the second gear 310 and the second driven disc 320 can be connected by welding or by spline interference fit, as long as the first gear 210 and the first driven disc 220 can rotate synchronously, and the second gear 310 and the second driven disc 320 can rotate synchronously. There are no specific restrictions on the connection method between the first gear 210 and the first driven disc 220, and between the second gear 310 and the second driven disc 320.

[0092] In a specific example, the third mating tooth 20a is formed on the end face of the first driven disc 220 facing the gear shifter 2, and the fourth mating tooth 30a is formed on the end face of the second driven disc 320 facing the gear shifter 2.

[0093] The vehicle according to a third aspect embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0094] The vehicle according to a third aspect of the present invention includes: a transmission device 100.

[0095] According to the vehicle of the third aspect embodiment of the present invention, the two excitation elements 3 can share the same electromagnetic induction unit 23 to drive the gear shifting element 2 to move in opposite directions along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1. That is, only one electromagnetic induction unit 23 needs to be provided on the gear shifting element 2, thereby simplifying the structure of the gear shifting element 2 and reducing the cost of the gear shifting element 2, making the structure of the electromagnetic clutch 10 simple and the production cost low.

[0096] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0097] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0098] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic clutch, characterized in that, include: transmission shaft; A gear shifting component is slidably disposed on the drive shaft along the axial direction of the drive shaft and rotates synchronously with the drive shaft; The excitation mechanism includes two excitation elements arranged axially at intervals along the drive shaft. The gear shifting member includes an electromagnetic induction unit located between the two excitation elements. The excitation elements are used to drive the electromagnetic induction unit to move axially along the drive shaft to drive the gear shifting member to switch between different gears.

2. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gear shifting component includes a sliding sleeve sleeved on the outer periphery of the drive shaft, the excitation component is annular and sleeved on the sliding sleeve, and the electromagnetic induction part is disposed on the outer periphery of the sliding sleeve.

3. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electromagnetic induction unit is located at the center of the sliding sleeve in the axial direction of the transmission shaft; and / or, the two excitation elements are symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the electromagnetic induction unit.

4. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The excitation element includes a housing, an excitation coil, and a retaining member. In the axial direction of the transmission shaft, the housing has a receiving groove that opens toward the electromagnetic induction part. The excitation coil is disposed in the receiving groove. The retaining member is detachably disposed at the opening of the receiving groove and is located on the side of the excitation coil facing the electromagnetic induction part.

5. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 4, characterized in that, On the radial side of the drive shaft, a first retaining groove and a second retaining groove are formed on opposite sides of the receiving groove. The retaining member includes a first retaining ring and a second retaining ring arranged at intervals. A portion of the first retaining ring is inserted into the first retaining groove and another portion abuts against the excitation coil along the axial direction of the drive shaft. A portion of the second retaining ring is inserted into the second retaining groove and another portion abuts against the excitation coil along the axial direction of the drive shaft.

6. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 4, characterized in that, The electromagnetic induction unit includes a main body and two induction protrusions disposed on the two sides of the main body on the axial direction of the transmission shaft. The projection of the induction protrusions on the reference surface is located within the projection of the receiving groove on the reference surface, and the reference surface is perpendicular to the axial direction of the transmission shaft.

7. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic induction unit and the excitation unit are spaced apart.

8. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive shaft includes a shaft body and a plurality of first splines disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body. The gear shifting component includes a sliding sleeve and a plurality of second splines disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the sliding sleeve. The drive shaft passes through the sliding sleeve and the plurality of second splines slide in axial engagement with the plurality of first splines.

9. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the circumferential direction of the drive shaft, the ratio between the size of the second spline and the inner circumference of the sleeve ranges from 1 / 6 to 1 / 16; and / or, the size of the second spline in the axial direction of the drive shaft ranges from 14 to 18 mm, and the height of the second spline protruding from the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve in the radial direction of the drive shaft ranges from 6 to 8 mm.

10. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a reset mechanism, which comprises two sets of reset components symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the second spline in the axial direction of the drive shaft. The reset components are used to drive the second spline to move toward the other set of reset components.

11. A transmission device, characterized in that, include: The electromagnetic clutch according to any one of claims 1-10; The first transmission component and the second transmission component are provided. The excitation mechanism is used to drive the gear shifting component to engage with the first transmission component or the second transmission component. The transmission ratio between the gear shifting component and the first transmission component is different from the transmission ratio between the gear shifting component and the second transmission component.

12. The transmission device according to claim 11, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the transmission shaft, the first transmission member and the second transmission member are rotatably disposed on the transmission shaft and located on opposite sides of the gear shifting member. The two end faces of the gear shifting member are respectively formed with a first mating tooth and a second mating tooth. The end face of the first transmission member facing the gear shifting member is formed with a third mating tooth that meshes with the first mating tooth. The end face of the second transmission member facing the gear shifting member is formed with a fourth mating tooth that meshes with the second mating tooth.

13. The transmission device according to claim 12, characterized in that, In the axial direction of the transmission shaft, the dimensions of the first mating tooth, the second mating tooth, the third mating tooth, and the fourth mating tooth remain unchanged in the circumferential direction of the transmission shaft; Alternatively, the first mating tooth, the second mating tooth, the third mating tooth, and the fourth mating tooth extend obliquely toward each other on opposite sides of the transmission shaft in the direction from the free end to the fixed end.

14. The transmission device according to claim 11, characterized in that, When the gear shifting component engages with the first transmission component or the second transmission component, the interval between the electromagnetic induction unit and the excitation component is 0.4-0.8 mm.

15. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: The transmission device according to any one of claims 11-14.

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